Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.21272/EUMJ.2020;8(4):339-345
І. Duzhyi, A. S. Nikolayenko, O. M. Yasnikovskyi
According to the International Diabetes Federation (IDF), the number of patients with diabetes in the world reached 463 million people in 2019. One of the most severe local complications of diabetes is diabetic foot syndrome manifested through the development of diabetic ulcers on the lower extremities, which leads to poor quality of life and disability.
{"title":"LONG-TERM CONSEQUENCES OF THE USE OF AUTOLOGOUS PLATELET-RICH PLASMA IN THE TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH DIABETIC ULCERS, AND MEDICAL AND SOCIAL ADAPTATION OF SUCH PATIENTS","authors":"І. Duzhyi, A. S. Nikolayenko, O. M. Yasnikovskyi","doi":"10.21272/EUMJ.2020;8(4):339-345","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21272/EUMJ.2020;8(4):339-345","url":null,"abstract":"According to the International Diabetes Federation (IDF), the number of patients with diabetes in the world reached 463 million people in 2019. One of the most severe local complications of diabetes is diabetic foot syndrome manifested through the development of diabetic ulcers on the lower extremities, which leads to poor quality of life and disability.","PeriodicalId":315243,"journal":{"name":"Eastern Ukrainian Medical Journal","volume":"144 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131759151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.21272/EUMJ.2020;8(4):346-350
A. S. Nikolaienko
According to the WHO and the International Diabetes Federation (IDF), the number of patients with diabetes in the world reached 463 million people in 2019. A typical manifestation of complications of diabetes mellitus is the development of trophic ulcers of the lower extremities, which leads to poor quality of life, disability, and high financial costs for treatment.
{"title":"PROTEOLYTIC SYSTEM CONDITION AS IN THE CASE OF NEUTROPHIL ELASTASE IN PATIENTS WITH TROPHIC ULCERS ON THE BACKGROUND OF DIABETES MELLITUS","authors":"A. S. Nikolaienko","doi":"10.21272/EUMJ.2020;8(4):346-350","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21272/EUMJ.2020;8(4):346-350","url":null,"abstract":"According to the WHO and the International Diabetes Federation (IDF), the number of patients with diabetes in the world reached 463 million people in 2019. A typical manifestation of complications of diabetes mellitus is the development of trophic ulcers of the lower extremities, which leads to poor quality of life, disability, and high financial costs for treatment.","PeriodicalId":315243,"journal":{"name":"Eastern Ukrainian Medical Journal","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131840016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.21272/eumj.2022;10(2):155-164
I.V. Koshurba, F. Hladkykh, M. Chyzh
Introduction. Peptic ulcer is one of the most prevalent diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. Stress factor is considered to have the highest impact on the development of ulcers, as it is present in almost all cases of onset and exacerbation of this disease. Acute stress ulcers occur with severe injuries, acute diseases of various organs, shock, a sharp drop in blood pressure, oxygen deficiency of body tissues, liver, kidney and others. Given the above facts, in the correction of stress-induced lesions of the gastric mucosa (GM) therapeutically, the target should consider not only reducing the aggression factors of gastric juice, but also the normalization of changes in protein and carbohydrate metabolism in GM. In this aspect, our attention was drawn to the domestic biotechnological preparation of placental cryoextract (CEP), which has a range of valuable biological effects. The aim is to study the effect of cryopreserved placenta extract on the state of protein-lipid metabolism in the gastric mucosa in a model of water-immobilization stress in rats. Materials and methods of research. The studies were performed on 28 nonlinear laboratory male rats weighing 200–220 g. Stress-induced gastric ulcer was modeled under water-immobilization stress (WIS) in rats according to the method of Takagi et al. To obtain the homogenate, the GM was perfused with cold (+ 4°C) buffer solution and homogenized at 3000 rpm (teflon/glass). The content of oxidatively modificated proteins (OMP) in GM was determined by Dubinina spectrophotometric method. The content of total lipids in the GM was determined spectrophotometrically by color reaction with sulfophosphovaniline reagent. Phospholipids (PL) were fractionated by the method of Svetashev and Vaskovsky. Research results. Evaluation of changes in protein metabolism in GM showed that the level of total protein in rats, which were preventively administered CEP before WIS, was almost comparable with that of intact rats, i.e., 50.1 ± 1.7 μg/mg tissue and 51.1 ± 1.3 μg/mg of tissue, respectively, which indicated the elimination of disorders of protein homeostasis with the introduction of the studied cryoextract. Studies of changes in total lipids and PL showed that the content of PL of animals treated with CEP was 26.9 ± 0.9%, which was not significantly different from that of intact animals (30.5 ± 0.9%) and, at the same time, it was by 7.3% higher (p < 0.001) as compared with animals who were administered esomeprazole. Conclusions. Prophylactic five-day administration of CEP to WIS leads to normalization of all evaluated indices, in particular, to increase of the total protein level by 29.0% (p <0.01), decrease of oxidatively modified proteins level by 20.6% (p <0.01), and the 2.3-fold increase (p <0.001) of the level of phospholipids in the total lipids pool.
{"title":"THE EFFECT OF PLACENTAL CRYOEXTRACT ON THE STATE OF PROTEIN-LIPID METABOLISM IN THE GASTRIC MUCOSA IN EXPERIMENTAL STRESS-INDUCED ULCERS","authors":"I.V. Koshurba, F. Hladkykh, M. Chyzh","doi":"10.21272/eumj.2022;10(2):155-164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21272/eumj.2022;10(2):155-164","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Peptic ulcer is one of the most prevalent diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. Stress factor is considered to have the highest impact on the development of ulcers, as it is present in almost all cases of onset and exacerbation of this disease. Acute stress ulcers occur with severe injuries, acute diseases of various organs, shock, a sharp drop in blood pressure, oxygen deficiency of body tissues, liver, kidney and others. Given the above facts, in the correction of stress-induced lesions of the gastric mucosa (GM) therapeutically, the target should consider not only reducing the aggression factors of gastric juice, but also the normalization of changes in protein and carbohydrate metabolism in GM. In this aspect, our attention was drawn to the domestic biotechnological preparation of placental cryoextract (CEP), which has a range of valuable biological effects.\u0000The aim is to study the effect of cryopreserved placenta extract on the state of protein-lipid metabolism in the gastric mucosa in a model of water-immobilization stress in rats.\u0000Materials and methods of research. The studies were performed on 28 nonlinear laboratory male rats weighing 200–220 g. Stress-induced gastric ulcer was modeled under water-immobilization stress (WIS) in rats according to the method of Takagi et al. To obtain the homogenate, the GM was perfused with cold (+ 4°C) buffer solution and homogenized at 3000 rpm (teflon/glass). The content of oxidatively modificated proteins (OMP) in GM was determined by Dubinina spectrophotometric method. The content of total lipids in the GM was determined spectrophotometrically by color reaction with sulfophosphovaniline reagent. Phospholipids (PL) were fractionated by the method of Svetashev and Vaskovsky.\u0000Research results. Evaluation of changes in protein metabolism in GM showed that the level of total protein in rats, which were preventively administered CEP before WIS, was almost comparable with that of intact rats, i.e., 50.1 ± 1.7 μg/mg tissue and 51.1 ± 1.3 μg/mg of tissue, respectively, which indicated the elimination of disorders of protein homeostasis with the introduction of the studied cryoextract. Studies of changes in total lipids and PL showed that the content of PL of animals treated with CEP was 26.9 ± 0.9%, which was not significantly different from that of intact animals (30.5 ± 0.9%) and, at the same time, it was by 7.3% higher (p < 0.001) as compared with animals who were administered esomeprazole.\u0000Conclusions. Prophylactic five-day administration of CEP to WIS leads to normalization of all evaluated indices, in particular, to increase of the total protein level by 29.0% (p <0.01), decrease of oxidatively modified proteins level by 20.6% (p <0.01), and the 2.3-fold increase (p <0.001) of the level of phospholipids in the total lipids pool.","PeriodicalId":315243,"journal":{"name":"Eastern Ukrainian Medical Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130812768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.21272/eumj.2022;10(4):322-332
A. Kurochkin, Y. Moskalenko
Introduction. Thyroid cancer ranks ninth in the structure of malignant neoplasms. Since the 1980s, most countries in the world have seen a rapid increase in the incidence rate and a relatively stable or even decreasing mortality rate. The objective of our study was to analyze the thyroid cancer morbidity and mortality trends in the Sumy region during 2014–2021, to study the prevalence of histological variants and sex-age-specific characteristics, and to compare them with all-Ukrainian and global data. Study results. According to the National Cancer Registry of Ukraine, 24,626 people were diagnosed with thyroid cancer between 2014 and 2021, including 4,556 men (18.5%) and 2,0070 women (81.5%). On average, 3078.25 ± 136.15 people were diagnosed per year. The incidence rate among women is 3.8 times higher than among men. The average incidence rate in Ukraine in 2014–2021 was 6.5 per 100,000 population, while in the Sumy region – 8.9 per 100,000 population. The average mortality rates among residents of the Sumy region and Ukraine did not differ and amounted to 0.4 per 100,000 population. A distinctive feature was represented by the lower male and higher female mortality rates in the Sumy region compared to all-Ukrainian indicators (0.2 versus 0.3 per 100,000 population and 0.6 versus 0.4 per 100,000 population, respectively). The study of histological types of thyroid malignancies demonstrated that papillary variant was most common (70.5 to 81.9%). The specific share of follicular cancer ranged from 12.8 to 19.2%. The medullary variant occured much less often – in 1.5 to 4.6% of cases, while undifferentiated and squamous cell cancer was extremely rare (0.2 to 3.3% of cases). In Buryn district, Velyka Pysarivka district, Konotop district, Krasnopillia district, Krolevets district, Lebedyn district, Nedrygailiv district, Putyvl district, Sumy district, Trostyanets district and the city of Sumy, a significantly higher incidence rate was observed. Women aged 50–64 and men aged 55–69 are most often affected in Ukraine. The highest mortality rate is reported for the age range of 70–84 years for both males and females. Conclusions. During 2014–2021, the incidence and mortality rates among the population of Ukraine remained at a stable level and were lower compared to global indicators. Since 2017, the Sumy region has been presenting with a decrease in the incidence rate, which corresponds to European trends. In the Sumy region, papillary thyroid cancer remains the most common histological variant. In general, the shares of papillary, follicular, medullary, and anaplastic cancers are consistent with the European figures. In general, the age trends in Ukraine and other countries of the world are similar.
{"title":"ANALYSIS OF THYROID CANCER INCIDENCE AND MORTALITY TRENDS AMONG THE RESIDENTS OF THE SUMY REGION","authors":"A. Kurochkin, Y. Moskalenko","doi":"10.21272/eumj.2022;10(4):322-332","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21272/eumj.2022;10(4):322-332","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Thyroid cancer ranks ninth in the structure of malignant neoplasms. Since the 1980s, most countries in the world have seen a rapid increase in the incidence rate and a relatively stable or even decreasing mortality rate.\u0000The objective of our study was to analyze the thyroid cancer morbidity and mortality trends in the Sumy region during 2014–2021, to study the prevalence of histological variants and sex-age-specific characteristics, and to compare them with all-Ukrainian and global data.\u0000Study results. According to the National Cancer Registry of Ukraine, 24,626 people were diagnosed with thyroid cancer between 2014 and 2021, including 4,556 men (18.5%) and 2,0070 women (81.5%). On average, 3078.25 ± 136.15 people were diagnosed per year. The incidence rate among women is 3.8 times higher than among men. The average incidence rate in Ukraine in 2014–2021 was 6.5 per 100,000 population, while in the Sumy region – 8.9 per 100,000 population.\u0000The average mortality rates among residents of the Sumy region and Ukraine did not differ and amounted to 0.4 per 100,000 population. A distinctive feature was represented by the lower male and higher female mortality rates in the Sumy region compared to all-Ukrainian indicators (0.2 versus 0.3 per 100,000 population and 0.6 versus 0.4 per 100,000 population, respectively).\u0000The study of histological types of thyroid malignancies demonstrated that papillary variant was most common (70.5 to 81.9%). The specific share of follicular cancer ranged from 12.8 to 19.2%. The medullary variant occured much less often – in 1.5 to 4.6% of cases, while undifferentiated and squamous cell cancer was extremely rare (0.2 to 3.3% of cases).\u0000In Buryn district, Velyka Pysarivka district, Konotop district, Krasnopillia district, Krolevets district, Lebedyn district, Nedrygailiv district, Putyvl district, Sumy district, Trostyanets district and the city of Sumy, a significantly higher incidence rate was observed.\u0000Women aged 50–64 and men aged 55–69 are most often affected in Ukraine. The highest mortality rate is reported for the age range of 70–84 years for both males and females.\u0000Conclusions. During 2014–2021, the incidence and mortality rates among the population of Ukraine remained at a stable level and were lower compared to global indicators. Since 2017, the Sumy region has been presenting with a decrease in the incidence rate, which corresponds to European trends. In the Sumy region, papillary thyroid cancer remains the most common histological variant. In general, the shares of papillary, follicular, medullary, and anaplastic cancers are consistent with the European figures. In general, the age trends in Ukraine and other countries of the world are similar.","PeriodicalId":315243,"journal":{"name":"Eastern Ukrainian Medical Journal","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131908636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.21272/eumj.2022;10(3):205-213
A. Havrylenko
Objective. This study's objective was to determine bacterial lysate's effect on the state of humoral immunity (IgA, IgM, IgG) in preschool children with acute bronchitis in combination with euthyroid sick syndrome. Materials and methods. We examined 135 children of preschool age (3 to 6 years) with acute bronchitis (main group) and 28 healthy children (control group). Group Ia included 45 children with acute bronchitis who were treated according to the standard scheme. Preschoolers with acute bronchitis in Group Ib (47 patients) additionally received bacterial lysate. Group IIa included 21 children with acute bronchitis and euthyroid sick syndrome (ESS) manifestations who received standard therapy. Group IIb consisted of 22 patients with acute bronchitis and ESS who received standard therapy and were additionally given an immunomodulator. The bacterial lysate consisted of Staphylococcus aureus 6×109 colony-forming units (CFU), Streptococcus pyogenes 6×109 CFU, Streptococcus viridans 6×109 CFU, Klebsiella pneumoniae 6×109 CFU, Klebsiella ozaenae 6×109 CFU, Haemophilus influenzae B 6×109 CFU, Neisseria catarrhalis 6×109 CFU, Streptococcus pneumoniae 6×109 CFU (the latter included the following types in amount of 1×109 CFU each: TY1/EQ11, TY2/EQ22, TY3/EQ14, TY5/EQ15, TY8/EQ23, TY47/EQ24). The effectiveness of bacterial lysate in children with acute bronchitis and with or without ESS was determined by comparing the humoral immunity parameters (IgA, IgM, IgG) in the acute period (1 to 2 days after the onset) and convalescence period (7 to 10 days after the onset). Levels of immunoglobulins (IgA, IgM, and IgG) were measured by solid-phase enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. All results were statistically processed using the SPSS 26 software. Results. No statistically significant difference was found between the values of immunoglobulins A, M, and G in children with acute bronchitis and with or without ESS manifestations in the acute period of the disease. At the same time, the above parameters were significantly higher than the corresponding values in the control group. A statistically significant difference was observed in the humoral immunity parameters of patients who were given the bacterial lysate vs. patients who were not. In children who were additionally given the bacterial lysate, IgA levels practically equaled the levels of the control group in the convalescence period. The serum levels of IgM and IgG in children who additionally received the immunomodulator tended to approach the values of the control group. Conclusions. The use of bacterial lysate positively affected the restoration of humoral homeostasis, especially on the level of immunoglobulin A, in children with acute bronchitis and with or without the euthyroid sick syndrome. The bacterial lysate demonstrated high efficiency against this disease in this group of patients.
{"title":"USE OF BACTERIAL LYSATE IN COMPLEX TREATMENT OF ACUTE BRONCHITIS COMBINED WITH EUTHYROID SICK SYNDROME IN PRESCHOOLERS","authors":"A. Havrylenko","doi":"10.21272/eumj.2022;10(3):205-213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21272/eumj.2022;10(3):205-213","url":null,"abstract":"Objective. This study's objective was to determine bacterial lysate's effect on the state of humoral immunity (IgA, IgM, IgG) in preschool children with acute bronchitis in combination with euthyroid sick syndrome.\u0000Materials and methods. We examined 135 children of preschool age (3 to 6 years) with acute bronchitis (main group) and 28 healthy children (control group). Group Ia included 45 children with acute bronchitis who were treated according to the standard scheme. Preschoolers with acute bronchitis in Group Ib (47 patients) additionally received bacterial lysate. Group IIa included 21 children with acute bronchitis and euthyroid sick syndrome (ESS) manifestations who received standard therapy. Group IIb consisted of 22 patients with acute bronchitis and ESS who received standard therapy and were additionally given an immunomodulator.\u0000The bacterial lysate consisted of Staphylococcus aureus 6×109 colony-forming units (CFU), Streptococcus pyogenes 6×109 CFU, Streptococcus viridans 6×109 CFU, Klebsiella pneumoniae 6×109 CFU, Klebsiella ozaenae 6×109 CFU, Haemophilus influenzae B 6×109 CFU, Neisseria catarrhalis 6×109 CFU, Streptococcus pneumoniae 6×109 CFU (the latter included the following types in amount of 1×109 CFU each: TY1/EQ11, TY2/EQ22, TY3/EQ14, TY5/EQ15, TY8/EQ23, TY47/EQ24). The effectiveness of bacterial lysate in children with acute bronchitis and with or without ESS was determined by comparing the humoral immunity parameters (IgA, IgM, IgG) in the acute period (1 to 2 days after the onset) and convalescence period (7 to 10 days after the onset).\u0000Levels of immunoglobulins (IgA, IgM, and IgG) were measured by solid-phase enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. All results were statistically processed using the SPSS 26 software.\u0000Results. No statistically significant difference was found between the values of immunoglobulins A, M, and G in children with acute bronchitis and with or without ESS manifestations in the acute period of the disease. At the same time, the above parameters were significantly higher than the corresponding values in the control group.\u0000A statistically significant difference was observed in the humoral immunity parameters of patients who were given the bacterial lysate vs. patients who were not.\u0000In children who were additionally given the bacterial lysate, IgA levels practically equaled the levels of the control group in the convalescence period. The serum levels of IgM and IgG in children who additionally received the immunomodulator tended to approach the values of the control group.\u0000Conclusions. The use of bacterial lysate positively affected the restoration of humoral homeostasis, especially on the level of immunoglobulin A, in children with acute bronchitis and with or without the euthyroid sick syndrome. The bacterial lysate demonstrated high efficiency against this disease in this group of patients.","PeriodicalId":315243,"journal":{"name":"Eastern Ukrainian Medical Journal","volume":"113 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124162469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.21272/eumj.2021;9(4):373-381
H. V. Kulinich, Elvira B. Prohorova, F. Hladkykh
Background. Radiation therapy (RT) is one of the main methods of treating cancer, including breast cancer (BC). This is one of the most knowledge-intensive medical industries, which is based on the latest advances in radiobiology, chemistry, radiation physics, engineering and others. Effective PT involves the use of fairly high doses of radiation, which is what determines the success of comprehensive treatment, in particular the increase in the number of patients who survived 5 years or more. In turn, the increase in survival after a course of combination treatment leads to an increase in the absolute number of patients with adverse treatment outcomes, including radiation-related complications (RC). The aim of the work was to characterize the changes in the skin electrical conductance in patients with breast cancer and an increased risk of RC. Materials and methods. The study was conducted on the basis of the clinic of the Grigoriev Institute of Medical Radiology and Oncology of NAMS of Ukraine. To study the skin electrical conductance, 16 patients with BC with an increased risk of RC were selected, with a mean age of 53.8 ± 3.7 (95% CI: 46.6–61.0) years. Studies of tissue electrical conductance were performed using the device "Electrodermatometer", measuring the indicators: modulus of complex impedance, impedance angle, complex impedance, and electrical capacity. Results and discussion. The study showed that in patients with BC and increased risk of RC, there was a decrease in the complex impedance of tissues at the study points during RT. The modulus of complex impedance at the mitral area decreased by only 6.8% (p > 0.05), while at the aortic, pulmonic and tricuspid areas, this figure was significantly (p < 0.05) decreased by 27.0%; 26.2% and 33.0%, respectively, relative to the initial indicators for RT. It was found that the most pronounced changes in the skin electrical conductance in patients with BC at risk of RC were observed at the projection points of the tricuspid and pulmonic areas, where these indicators were significantly (p < 0.05) increased by 41.1% and 34.2% relative to the baseline and equaled 9.8 ± 0.89 pF and 9.8 ± 0.88 pF, respectively. Conclusions. In patients with breast cancer at risk of RC, there was a statistically significant decrease (p < 0.05) in the value of the modulus of complex impedance by an average of 23.3% and a statistically significant increase (p < 0.05) in the tissue electrical conductance by an average of 29.8% relative to the baseline during radiation therapy.
{"title":"CHARACTERISTICS OF SKIN ELECTRICAL CONDUCTANCE IN PATIENTS WITH BREAST CANCER AND HIGH RISK OF RADIATION THERAPY-RELATED COMPLICATIONS","authors":"H. V. Kulinich, Elvira B. Prohorova, F. Hladkykh","doi":"10.21272/eumj.2021;9(4):373-381","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21272/eumj.2021;9(4):373-381","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Radiation therapy (RT) is one of the main methods of treating cancer, including breast cancer (BC). This is one of the most knowledge-intensive medical industries, which is based on the latest advances in radiobiology, chemistry, radiation physics, engineering and others. Effective PT involves the use of fairly high doses of radiation, which is what determines the success of comprehensive treatment, in particular the increase in the number of patients who survived 5 years or more. In turn, the increase in survival after a course of combination treatment leads to an increase in the absolute number of patients with adverse treatment outcomes, including radiation-related complications (RC).\u0000The aim of the work was to characterize the changes in the skin electrical conductance in patients with breast cancer and an increased risk of RC.\u0000Materials and methods. The study was conducted on the basis of the clinic of the Grigoriev Institute of Medical Radiology and Oncology of NAMS of Ukraine. To study the skin electrical conductance, 16 patients with BC with an increased risk of RC were selected, with a mean age of 53.8 ± 3.7 (95% CI: 46.6–61.0) years. Studies of tissue electrical conductance were performed using the device \"Electrodermatometer\", measuring the indicators: modulus of complex impedance, impedance angle, complex impedance, and electrical capacity.\u0000Results and discussion. The study showed that in patients with BC and increased risk of RC, there was a decrease in the complex impedance of tissues at the study points during RT. The modulus of complex impedance at the mitral area decreased by only 6.8% (p > 0.05), while at the aortic, pulmonic and tricuspid areas, this figure was significantly (p < 0.05) decreased by 27.0%; 26.2% and 33.0%, respectively, relative to the initial indicators for RT. It was found that the most pronounced changes in the skin electrical conductance in patients with BC at risk of RC were observed at the projection points of the tricuspid and pulmonic areas, where these indicators were significantly (p < 0.05) increased by 41.1% and 34.2% relative to the baseline and equaled 9.8 ± 0.89 pF and 9.8 ± 0.88 pF, respectively.\u0000Conclusions. In patients with breast cancer at risk of RC, there was a statistically significant decrease (p < 0.05) in the value of the modulus of complex impedance by an average of 23.3% and a statistically significant increase (p < 0.05) in the tissue electrical conductance by an average of 29.8% relative to the baseline during radiation therapy.","PeriodicalId":315243,"journal":{"name":"Eastern Ukrainian Medical Journal","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123424302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.21272/EUMJ.2021;9(1):107-114
V. I. Fedorchenko, V. Polanská, S. Zachepylo, N. O. Bobrova, G. Loban'
Teaching microbiology, virology, and immunology subject in a medical school has traditionally been conducted without the use of online technologies. Consequently, the changes in the way stakeholders interact need to be analyzed. The purpose of the article is an analysis of the experience that was performed on how the course of microbiology, virology, and immunology was taught online in coronavirus quarantine conditions of 2020. Authors have determined the main problems in achieving by higher education seekers the proper level of theoretical knowledge, some of the practical skills and abilities that have arisen because of the change in the form of practical classes and lectures. The positive aspects of this unpredictable experiment were noted in the way of teaching the discipline. This subject involves higher education seekers gaining a significant amount of sensory and motor skills. Moreover, the subject has a large fragment of theoretical knowledge, which consists of empirical data of the infectious diseases pathogens properties, methods of their study for microbiological diagnosis; the structure of pathogens, which is necessary for understanding the directions of etiotropic therapy of infectious diseases; biological and antigenic properties to assess the possibilities of specific prevention and treatment of diseases; the resistance of pathogens to external factors in order to understand the peculiarities of the epidemiology of each disease and the possibilities of its specific prevention. Higher education seekers must also learn the structure of the human immune system, to study the mechanisms of its functioning. Finally, a complex of theoretical knowledge, practical skills, and abilities should be built. These achievements were analyzed in this article to assess the prospects for modernization of the educational process in the subject. The situation was problematic with the teaching of this subject online in quarantine. But the benefits are that it was at the same time a discovery in the use of new digital technologies accumulated by civilization in the educational process in such traditionally classical areas of education as teaching microbiology, virology, and immunology course in medical higher educational institutions.
{"title":"Analysis of microbiology online teaching in quarantine conditions","authors":"V. I. Fedorchenko, V. Polanská, S. Zachepylo, N. O. Bobrova, G. Loban'","doi":"10.21272/EUMJ.2021;9(1):107-114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21272/EUMJ.2021;9(1):107-114","url":null,"abstract":"Teaching microbiology, virology, and immunology subject in a medical school has traditionally been conducted without the use of online technologies. Consequently, the changes in the way stakeholders interact need to be analyzed. The purpose of the article is an analysis of the experience that was performed on how the course of microbiology, virology, and immunology was taught online in coronavirus quarantine conditions of 2020.\u0000Authors have determined the main problems in achieving by higher education seekers the proper level of theoretical knowledge, some of the practical skills and abilities that have arisen because of the change in the form of practical classes and lectures. The positive aspects of this unpredictable experiment were noted in the way of teaching the discipline. This subject involves higher education seekers gaining a significant amount of sensory and motor skills. Moreover, the subject has a large fragment of theoretical knowledge, which consists of empirical data of the infectious diseases pathogens properties, methods of their study for microbiological diagnosis; the structure of pathogens, which is necessary for understanding the directions of etiotropic therapy of infectious diseases; biological and antigenic properties to assess the possibilities of specific prevention and treatment of diseases; the resistance of pathogens to external factors in order to understand the peculiarities of the epidemiology of each disease and the possibilities of its specific prevention. Higher education seekers must also learn the structure of the human immune system, to study the mechanisms of its functioning. Finally, a complex of theoretical knowledge, practical skills, and abilities should be built. These achievements were analyzed in this article to assess the prospects for modernization of the educational process in the subject.\u0000The situation was problematic with the teaching of this subject online in quarantine. But the benefits are that it was at the same time a discovery in the use of new digital technologies accumulated by civilization in the educational process in such traditionally classical areas of education as teaching microbiology, virology, and immunology course in medical higher educational institutions.","PeriodicalId":315243,"journal":{"name":"Eastern Ukrainian Medical Journal","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121007146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.21272/eumj.2021;9(4):401-409
A. Kurochkin, Yulia V. Moskalenko, R. Moskalenko, O. Kravets, Vitalii V. Kuzmenko
Introduction. Treatment of patients with thyroid cancer (TС) with clinically undetected metastases to regional lymph nodes remains an unsolved problem of modern oncology. The search for reliable diagnostic methods, which underlie the decision to perform an adequate lymphadenectomy for TC, is one of the priorities of oncosurgery. The aim of the research: to find an effective method of intraoperative contrasting of sentinel lymph nodes (SLN) in patients with TC using toluidine blue and to evaluate its effectiveness. Methods. A study of 123 patients with TC who underwent surgical treatment using the contrast-visual method in the amount of thyroidectomy with central and bilateral selective cervical lymph node dissection (levels VI; IIA; III; IV). During surgery, a 1% solution of toluidine blue was injected into the tumor using a syringe. Surgical treatment was performed in two stages. At the first stage – thyroidectomy was performed in a block with a central lymphatic collector of the neck (level IV), which included removal of paratracheal, prelaryngeal, parathyroid tissue of the neck. Urgent intraoperative histological examination of thyroid tumor and distant SLN was performed. In the second stage of the operation performed cervical lymph node dissection with removal of fiber IIA; III; IV levels of the neck, with mandatory revision of the level of VB. After the operation, the final histological examination of the removed specimen with the tumor and all lymph nodes was performed. Results. After the application contrasting technique, SLN were found in 120 (97.6%) patients. Their number varied from 2 to 12. These lymph nodes were mainly localized in the central collector of the neck on the side of the primary tumor (central, ipsilateral SLN) in 91 (75.8%) patients. Based on the results of an intraoperative study of SLN, metastases were found in 33 (27.5%) of 120 patients. In most cases (83.3%) SLNs were detected in the central lymphatic collector of the neck (level VI). In 76 (63.3%) patients, staining of the lymph nodes of the III level of the neck (middle ipsilateral jugular lymphatic collector) occurred, in 11 (9.2%) SLNs were found only at levels III, IV and VB of the neck. Very rarely (5.8%), the lymph nodes of the anterior-superior mediastinum were contrasted. Conclusions. The method of contrast visualization of the regional collector in patients with TC using a 1% solution of toluidine blue is a highly informative study that allows to determine the regional lymph nodes affected by metastases and to differentiate the choice of the volume of lymph node dissection in the early stages of tumors. The method is simple to implement, does not involve considerable costs and can be recommended for use in oncology clinics.
{"title":"DETECTION OF SENTINEL LYMPH NODES IN PATIENTS WITH THYROID CANCER WITH THE USE OF TOLUIDINE BLUE","authors":"A. Kurochkin, Yulia V. Moskalenko, R. Moskalenko, O. Kravets, Vitalii V. Kuzmenko","doi":"10.21272/eumj.2021;9(4):401-409","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21272/eumj.2021;9(4):401-409","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Treatment of patients with thyroid cancer (TС) with clinically undetected metastases to regional lymph nodes remains an unsolved problem of modern oncology. The search for reliable diagnostic methods, which underlie the decision to perform an adequate lymphadenectomy for TC, is one of the priorities of oncosurgery.\u0000The aim of the research: to find an effective method of intraoperative contrasting of sentinel lymph nodes (SLN) in patients with TC using toluidine blue and to evaluate its effectiveness.\u0000Methods. A study of 123 patients with TC who underwent surgical treatment using the contrast-visual method in the amount of thyroidectomy with central and bilateral selective cervical lymph node dissection (levels VI; IIA; III; IV). During surgery, a 1% solution of toluidine blue was injected into the tumor using a syringe. Surgical treatment was performed in two stages. At the first stage – thyroidectomy was performed in a block with a central lymphatic collector of the neck (level IV), which included removal of paratracheal, prelaryngeal, parathyroid tissue of the neck. Urgent intraoperative histological examination of thyroid tumor and distant SLN was performed. In the second stage of the operation performed cervical lymph node dissection with removal of fiber IIA; III; IV levels of the neck, with mandatory revision of the level of VB. After the operation, the final histological examination of the removed specimen with the tumor and all lymph nodes was performed.\u0000Results. After the application contrasting technique, SLN were found in 120 (97.6%) patients. Their number varied from 2 to 12. These lymph nodes were mainly localized in the central collector of the neck on the side of the primary tumor (central, ipsilateral SLN) in 91 (75.8%) patients. Based on the results of an intraoperative study of SLN, metastases were found in 33 (27.5%) of 120 patients. In most cases (83.3%) SLNs were detected in the central lymphatic collector of the neck (level VI). In 76 (63.3%) patients, staining of the lymph nodes of the III level of the neck (middle ipsilateral jugular lymphatic collector) occurred, in 11 (9.2%) SLNs were found only at levels III, IV and VB of the neck. Very rarely (5.8%), the lymph nodes of the anterior-superior mediastinum were contrasted.\u0000Conclusions. The method of contrast visualization of the regional collector in patients with TC using a 1% solution of toluidine blue is a highly informative study that allows to determine the regional lymph nodes affected by metastases and to differentiate the choice of the volume of lymph node dissection in the early stages of tumors. The method is simple to implement, does not involve considerable costs and can be recommended for use in oncology clinics.","PeriodicalId":315243,"journal":{"name":"Eastern Ukrainian Medical Journal","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123818218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.21272/eumj.2021;9(4):325-331
S. V. Popov, O. Smiyan, Olena H. Vasylieva, Liudmyla A. Iusiuk, A. Profatylo, Tetyana V. Romanenko, Dmitro A. Govorun
Objective. The objective of the study was to determine the chances of a decrease in CBC cells when using antibiotics in newborns. Materials and methods. A total of 46 newborn infants who were hospitalized with the main diagnosis of hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy were examined. By gestational age, they belonged to the late-preterm and term groups. The newborns were divided into 2 subgroups. Group 1 – main group: 25 children who received antibiotics; group 2 – control group: 21 children who did not receive antibiotics. Group 1 was divided into 2 subgroups: Group 1a, 16 newborns who received 1 antibiotic and Group 1b, 9 newborns who received 2 antibiotics. Antibiotics were administered at age-related doses, intravenously, including semi-synthetic penicillins, cephalosporins, aminoglycosides, carbapenems, glycopeptides. The features of the analysis of blood (CBC) were studied. Results. It was noted that in terms of general characteristics, the newborns of the main and control groups were comparable. When comparing the mean values of blood counts, a significant decrease in erythrocytes, leukocytes and erythrocytes was revealed in the group of newborns who received antibiotics in comparison with the control group. The absolute number of neutrophils was significantly lower in the group of newborns who received 2 antibiotics vs. the control group. The odds ratio calculation showed an increased risk of a decrease in cell levels with antibiotic therapy prescribed. Leukocytes were found to have the greatest chances of decreasing from the normative level – by 5.34 times, as well as erythrocytes – by 3.56 times. The absolute number of neutrophils decreased with the greatest chances when 2 antibiotics were administered – by 22 times. Conclusions. In general, the antibiotic therapy leads to a decrease in the number of erythrocytes, leukocytes, platelets. This was most noted for leukocytes and erythrocytes. The absolute neutrophil count decreased most significantly with 2 antibiotics used.
{"title":"ANTIBIOTIC-ASSOCIATED BLOOD CHANGES IN NEWBORNS","authors":"S. V. Popov, O. Smiyan, Olena H. Vasylieva, Liudmyla A. Iusiuk, A. Profatylo, Tetyana V. Romanenko, Dmitro A. Govorun","doi":"10.21272/eumj.2021;9(4):325-331","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21272/eumj.2021;9(4):325-331","url":null,"abstract":"Objective. The objective of the study was to determine the chances of a decrease in CBC cells when using antibiotics in newborns.\u0000Materials and methods. A total of 46 newborn infants who were hospitalized with the main diagnosis of hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy were examined. By gestational age, they belonged to the late-preterm and term groups. The newborns were divided into 2 subgroups. Group 1 – main group: 25 children who received antibiotics; group 2 – control group: 21 children who did not receive antibiotics. Group 1 was divided into 2 subgroups: Group 1a, 16 newborns who received 1 antibiotic and Group 1b, 9 newborns who received 2 antibiotics. Antibiotics were administered at age-related doses, intravenously, including semi-synthetic penicillins, cephalosporins, aminoglycosides, carbapenems, glycopeptides. The features of the analysis of blood (CBC) were studied.\u0000Results. It was noted that in terms of general characteristics, the newborns of the main and control groups were comparable. When comparing the mean values of blood counts, a significant decrease in erythrocytes, leukocytes and erythrocytes was revealed in the group of newborns who received antibiotics in comparison with the control group. The absolute number of neutrophils was significantly lower in the group of newborns who received 2 antibiotics vs. the control group. The odds ratio calculation showed an increased risk of a decrease in cell levels with antibiotic therapy prescribed. Leukocytes were found to have the greatest chances of decreasing from the normative level – by 5.34 times, as well as erythrocytes – by 3.56 times. The absolute number of neutrophils decreased with the greatest chances when 2 antibiotics were administered – by 22 times.\u0000Conclusions. In general, the antibiotic therapy leads to a decrease in the number of erythrocytes, leukocytes, platelets. This was most noted for leukocytes and erythrocytes. The absolute neutrophil count decreased most significantly with 2 antibiotics used.","PeriodicalId":315243,"journal":{"name":"Eastern Ukrainian Medical Journal","volume":"494 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131207501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.21272/eumj.2022;10(4):389-398
O. Potapov, Oleksiy Kmyta, O. Tsyndrenko, Iryna Makeyenko, Kateryna Sumtsova, Yana Nikolaenko
Introduction. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic progressive disease of the central nervous system, which is characterized by demyelination and degeneration of nerve fibers and has a polymorphic clinical picture and a tendency to an unfavourable course [1]. The disease usually affects young and working-age people, leading to early disability and poor quality of life, which makes it a socially significant problem of our time [2]. The main objective was to increase the efficiency of diagnosis and treatment of patients with multiple sclerosis based on a comprehensive analysis of clinical-neurological, psychodiagnostic, and neuroimaging features of the onset and course of the disease. Materials and Methods: Clinical and neurological examination of patients using the Functional System Score (FSS) and Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS); cognitive functions examination using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), the clock-drawing test, the five-word test; brain magnetic resonance imaging; the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36). According to statistics, there are about 3 million patients with multiple sclerosis worldwide. In Ukraine, about 20,000 people have multiple sclerosis. Currently, a hypothesis has been made about multiple sclerosis as a multifactorial disease that is, to a great extent, attributable to genetic predisposition (i. e., features of the immune reaction) and the influence of external factors [1]. Multiple sclerosis mainly affects young and mature people – 12 to 55 years old. Although multiple sclerosis can sometimes make its debut in puberty, however, the frequency of the disease gradually increases with age up to the middle of the third decade of life, with a subsequent decrease up to the age of 50–60 [3]. Recently, a trend toward the rejuvenation of multiple sclerosis has been observed. About 3% of all patients with multiple sclerosis are children under 16. Multiple sclerosis debuting at a later age is not sufficiently studied and is rarely diagnosed, although in about 20% of patients, the first signs of this pathology appear after age 40 [4, 11].
{"title":"PECULIARITIES OF THE COURSE, DIAGNOSIS, AND TREATMENT OF MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS","authors":"O. Potapov, Oleksiy Kmyta, O. Tsyndrenko, Iryna Makeyenko, Kateryna Sumtsova, Yana Nikolaenko","doi":"10.21272/eumj.2022;10(4):389-398","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21272/eumj.2022;10(4):389-398","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic progressive disease of the central nervous system, which is characterized by demyelination and degeneration of nerve fibers and has a polymorphic clinical picture and a tendency to an unfavourable course [1]. The disease usually affects young and working-age people, leading to early disability and poor quality of life, which makes it a socially significant problem of our time [2].\u0000The main objective was to increase the efficiency of diagnosis and treatment of patients with multiple sclerosis based on a comprehensive analysis of clinical-neurological, psychodiagnostic, and neuroimaging features of the onset and course of the disease.\u0000Materials and Methods: Clinical and neurological examination of patients using the Functional System Score (FSS) and Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS); cognitive functions examination using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), the clock-drawing test, the five-word test; brain magnetic resonance imaging; the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36).\u0000According to statistics, there are about 3 million patients with multiple sclerosis worldwide. In Ukraine, about 20,000 people have multiple sclerosis. Currently, a hypothesis has been made about multiple sclerosis as a multifactorial disease that is, to a great extent, attributable to genetic predisposition (i. e., features of the immune reaction) and the influence of external factors [1].\u0000Multiple sclerosis mainly affects young and mature people – 12 to 55 years old. Although multiple sclerosis can sometimes make its debut in puberty, however, the frequency of the disease gradually increases with age up to the middle of the third decade of life, with a subsequent decrease up to the age of 50–60 [3]. Recently, a trend toward the rejuvenation of multiple sclerosis has been observed. About 3% of all patients with multiple sclerosis are children under 16. Multiple sclerosis debuting at a later age is not sufficiently studied and is rarely diagnosed, although in about 20% of patients, the first signs of this pathology appear after age 40 [4, 11].","PeriodicalId":315243,"journal":{"name":"Eastern Ukrainian Medical Journal","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130185404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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