Pub Date : 2015-01-01DOI: 10.21776/UB.MNJ.2015.001.01.7
S. Kurniawan
Ca2+ signaling functions to regulate many cellular processes. Dynamics of Ca2+ signaling or homeostasis is regulated by the interaction between ON and OFF reactions that control Ca2+ flux in both the plasma membrane and internal organelles such as the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria. External stimuli activate the ON reactions, which include Ca2+ into the cytoplasm either through channels in the plasma membrane or from internal storage like in ER. Most of the cells utilize both channels/sources, but there area few cells using an external or internal source to control certain processes. Most of the Ca entering the cytoplasm adsorbed to the buffer, while a smaller part activate effect or to stimulate cellular processes. Reaction OFF is pumping of cytoplasmic Ca2+ using a combination mechanism of mitochondrial and others. Changes in Ca2+ signal has been detected in various tissues isolated from animals induced into diabetes as well as patients with diabetes. Ca2+ signal interference is also found in sensory neurons of experimental animals with diabetes. Ca2+ signaling is one of the main signaling systems in the cell.
{"title":"INTRACELLULAR Ca2+ HOMEOSTASIS","authors":"S. Kurniawan","doi":"10.21776/UB.MNJ.2015.001.01.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21776/UB.MNJ.2015.001.01.7","url":null,"abstract":"Ca2+ signaling functions to regulate many cellular processes. Dynamics of Ca2+ signaling or homeostasis is regulated by the interaction between ON and OFF reactions that control Ca2+ flux in both the plasma membrane and internal organelles such as the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria. External stimuli activate the ON reactions, which include Ca2+ into the cytoplasm either through channels in the plasma membrane or from internal storage like in ER. Most of the cells utilize both channels/sources, but there area few cells using an external or internal source to control certain processes. Most of the Ca entering the cytoplasm adsorbed to the buffer, while a smaller part activate effect or to stimulate cellular processes. Reaction OFF is pumping of cytoplasmic Ca2+ using a combination mechanism of mitochondrial and others. Changes in Ca2+ signal has been detected in various tissues isolated from animals induced into diabetes as well as patients with diabetes. Ca2+ signal interference is also found in sensory neurons of experimental animals with diabetes. Ca2+ signaling is one of the main signaling systems in the cell.","PeriodicalId":31552,"journal":{"name":"Malang Neurology Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"36-45"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68323228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-01-01DOI: 10.21776/UB.MNJ.2015.001.01.6
Herpan Syafii Harahap, S. Rianawati
Central nervous system infection may decrease cognitive function in broad spectrum, ranged from mild cognitive impairment to infection-associated dementia. Infection-associated dementia is a dementia which develops concomitantly or lately after central nervous system infection by any microorganism. Some study showed infection-associated dementia was likely developing as the secondary neuronal response to the activation of immune cell in the brain activated by infectious agent. Screening and formal neuropsyichological testing are the most important examination modalities for the diagnosis of infection associated dementia. The availability of functional radiological examination techniques are useful for identifying of brain function and visualizing the brain activities in vivo. The recent modality treatments for infection-associated dementia are insignificantly different with the modality treatments for other dementia. These treatment are consists of pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments.
{"title":"INFECTION-ASSOCIATED DEMENTIA","authors":"Herpan Syafii Harahap, S. Rianawati","doi":"10.21776/UB.MNJ.2015.001.01.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21776/UB.MNJ.2015.001.01.6","url":null,"abstract":"Central nervous system infection may decrease cognitive function in broad spectrum, ranged from mild cognitive impairment to infection-associated dementia. Infection-associated dementia is a dementia which develops concomitantly or lately after central nervous system infection by any microorganism. Some study showed infection-associated dementia was likely developing as the secondary neuronal response to the activation of immune cell in the brain activated by infectious agent. Screening and formal neuropsyichological testing are the most important examination modalities for the diagnosis of infection associated dementia. The availability of functional radiological examination techniques are useful for identifying of brain function and visualizing the brain activities in vivo. The recent modality treatments for infection-associated dementia are insignificantly different with the modality treatments for other dementia. These treatment are consists of pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments.","PeriodicalId":31552,"journal":{"name":"Malang Neurology Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"28-35"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68323208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-01-01DOI: 10.21776/UB.MNJ.2015.001.01.5
C. Setianto, H. Purnomo, Eko Arisetijono Marhaendraputro, W. M. Santoso
Background. Increased levels of markers of inflammatory factors after hemorrhage stroke was able to predict poor clinical outcome. Until now, the role of C Reactive Protein (CRP) in the local inflammatory response and clinical determinants output remains unclear. Objective. To investigate the correlation of CRP level with poor clinical outcome as measured by Barthel Index. Methods. This study was an observasional cohort porspective study performed on haemorrhage stroke patients in Saiful Anwar General Hospital in Februari 2014 until April 2014. Results. There was significant correlation (p=0,01, r=0,613) between CRP levels to poor clinical outcome measured by Barthel Index. Conclusion. C Reactive Protein levels could predict poor clinical outcome as measured by Barthel Index in intracerebral hemorrhage patients.
{"title":"CORRELATION OF C-REACTIVE PROTEIN LEVELS WITH CLINICAL OUTCOME INTRACEREBRAL HEMORRHAGE STROKE PATIENTS","authors":"C. Setianto, H. Purnomo, Eko Arisetijono Marhaendraputro, W. M. Santoso","doi":"10.21776/UB.MNJ.2015.001.01.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21776/UB.MNJ.2015.001.01.5","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Increased levels of markers of inflammatory factors after hemorrhage stroke was able to predict poor clinical outcome. Until now, the role of C Reactive Protein (CRP) in the local inflammatory response and clinical determinants output remains unclear. Objective. To investigate the correlation of CRP level with poor clinical outcome as measured by Barthel Index. Methods. This study was an observasional cohort porspective study performed on haemorrhage stroke patients in Saiful Anwar General Hospital in Februari 2014 until April 2014. Results. There was significant correlation (p=0,01, r=0,613) between CRP levels to poor clinical outcome measured by Barthel Index. Conclusion. C Reactive Protein levels could predict poor clinical outcome as measured by Barthel Index in intracerebral hemorrhage patients.","PeriodicalId":31552,"journal":{"name":"Malang Neurology Journal","volume":"296 1","pages":"23-27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68323476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-01-01DOI: 10.21776/UB.MNJ.2015.001.01.3
Theodorus Dapamede, O. Paundralingga, Masruroh Rahayu, B. Soemantri
Background. Myocardial ischaemia leads to angina pectoris or referred pain, whichhappens because of the inability of the brain to distinguish the visceral afferent inputs from the somatic afferent inputs since they run along a common pathway via the dorsal root ganglia. Objective. To distinguish specific areas of the rabbit heart that are projected to specific dorsal root ganglia, which then associates to its specific dermatomes. Methods. A double-retrograde neurotracing method was used, with True Blue and Nuclear Yellow as the neurotracers. Rabbits were divided into 3 groups, which the first and second groups were ligated at the left anterior descending artery and at the left circumflex artery, respectively.The third group acted as the control group, without ligation. Results. There is significant association between the site of ligation to the projection of the neurotracers at specific dorsal root ganglia (p<0.05). The first group showed high tendency to be projected to T2 and the second group showed a high tendency to project to T1. Conclusion. This study shows that the rabbit heart can be specifically projected neuronally to specific dorsal root ganglia, following coronary artery ligation.
{"title":"NEURAL PAIN PATHWAY TRACING OF RABBIT ISCHEMIC HEART BY DOUBLE-RETROGRADE NEUROTRACING","authors":"Theodorus Dapamede, O. Paundralingga, Masruroh Rahayu, B. Soemantri","doi":"10.21776/UB.MNJ.2015.001.01.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21776/UB.MNJ.2015.001.01.3","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Myocardial ischaemia leads to angina pectoris or referred pain, whichhappens because of the inability of the brain to distinguish the visceral afferent inputs from the somatic afferent inputs since they run along a common pathway via the dorsal root ganglia. Objective. To distinguish specific areas of the rabbit heart that are projected to specific dorsal root ganglia, which then associates to its specific dermatomes. Methods. A double-retrograde neurotracing method was used, with True Blue and Nuclear Yellow as the neurotracers. Rabbits were divided into 3 groups, which the first and second groups were ligated at the left anterior descending artery and at the left circumflex artery, respectively.The third group acted as the control group, without ligation. Results. There is significant association between the site of ligation to the projection of the neurotracers at specific dorsal root ganglia (p<0.05). The first group showed high tendency to be projected to T2 and the second group showed a high tendency to project to T1. Conclusion. This study shows that the rabbit heart can be specifically projected neuronally to specific dorsal root ganglia, following coronary artery ligation.","PeriodicalId":31552,"journal":{"name":"Malang Neurology Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"12-16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68323301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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