D. Bahgat, Alaa Gad, Walid Kosmass, M. Fadel, Fatma H. Abdelraouf
Bacground Idiopathic uveitis is the most common uveitis type and is viewed as an inconclusive diagnosis for patients as well as physicians. Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) typing helps in understanding the pathogenesis of several diseases. Limited knowledge is known regarding the association of HLA with idiopathic uveitis. Aim This was a cross-sectional observational case–control study evaluating HLA-A and HLA-B allelic and phenotypic frequencies in patients with idiopathic uveitis. Patients and methods HLA-A and HLA-B molecular typing by PCR-sequence-specific oligonucleotide probes and LIRAS interpretation software was performed for 60 patients with idiopathic uveitis and 60 controls recruited from Kasr Al-Ainy Hospitals, Cairo University. Results Anterior uveitis pattern was the most common (55%), followed by pan-uveitis (35%) and posterior uveitis (10%). Overall, 40% of patients had bilateral uveitis, whereas 60% had unilateral uveitis. A total of 23 HLA-A and 43 HLA-B variant alleles were detected. HLA-AFNx0109 and HLA-AFNx0110 allele and phenotype frequencies were significantly higher in the patient group (P=0.023 and 0.034, and P=0.013 and 0.029, respectively). HLA-BFNx0107 allele and phenotype frequencies were significantly higher in the control group (P=0.007 and 0.006, respectively). HLA-BFNx0127 and HLA-BFNx0105 were detected in 8.3 and 26.7%, respectively, with no significant difference. Conclusion HLA-AFNx0109 and HLA-AFNx0110 alleles were statistically significantly higher in patients with idiopathic uveitis. HLA-BFNx0107 might be a protective allele against disease development. Larger cohort needs to be tested to validate these findings. Routine HLA typing and proper follow-up for primarily diagnosed idiopathic uveitis is recommended as it might reveal secondary causes for uveitis, especially in patients with positive HLA-BFNx0127 and HLA-BFNx0105.
Bacground特发性葡萄膜炎是最常见的葡萄膜炎类型，对患者和医生来说都是一种不确定的诊断。人类白细胞抗原（HLA）分型有助于了解几种疾病的发病机制。关于HLA与特发性葡萄膜炎的相关性，目前知之甚少。目的这是一项横断面观察性病例对照研究，评估特发性葡萄膜炎患者的HLA-a和HLA-B等位基因和表型频率。患者和方法通过PCR序列特异性寡核苷酸探针和LIRAS解释软件对60名特发性葡萄膜炎患者和60名来自开罗大学Kasr Al Ainy医院的对照组进行HLA-A和HLA-B分子分型。结果前葡萄膜炎最常见（55%），其次为泛葡萄膜炎（35%）和后葡萄膜炎（10%）。总体而言，40%的患者患有双侧葡萄膜炎，而60%的患者患有单侧葡萄膜炎。共检测到23个HLA-A和43个HLA-B变异等位基因。HLA-AFNx0109和HLA-AFNx0110等位基因和表型频率在患者组中显著较高（分别为P=0.023和0.034，P=0.013和0.029）。HLA-BFNx0107等位基因和表型频率在对照组中显著较高（分别为P=0.007和0.006）。HLA-BFNx0127和HLA-BFNx0105的检出率分别为8.3%和26.7%，差异无统计学意义。结论HLA-AFNx0109和HLA-AFNx0110等位基因在特发性葡萄膜炎患者中具有统计学意义。HLA-BFNx0107可能是抵抗疾病发展的保护性等位基因。需要对更大的队列进行测试以验证这些发现。建议对初次诊断的特发性葡萄膜炎进行常规HLA分型和适当的随访，因为这可能揭示葡萄膜炎的次要原因，尤其是在HLA-BFNx0127和HLA-BFNx0105阳性的患者中。
{"title":"Frequency of class 1 human leukocyte antigen allele subtypes in Egyptian patients with idiopathic uveitis","authors":"D. Bahgat, Alaa Gad, Walid Kosmass, M. Fadel, Fatma H. Abdelraouf","doi":"10.4103/ejos.ejos_91_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ejos.ejos_91_22","url":null,"abstract":"Bacground Idiopathic uveitis is the most common uveitis type and is viewed as an inconclusive diagnosis for patients as well as physicians. Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) typing helps in understanding the pathogenesis of several diseases. Limited knowledge is known regarding the association of HLA with idiopathic uveitis. Aim This was a cross-sectional observational case–control study evaluating HLA-A and HLA-B allelic and phenotypic frequencies in patients with idiopathic uveitis. Patients and methods HLA-A and HLA-B molecular typing by PCR-sequence-specific oligonucleotide probes and LIRAS interpretation software was performed for 60 patients with idiopathic uveitis and 60 controls recruited from Kasr Al-Ainy Hospitals, Cairo University. Results Anterior uveitis pattern was the most common (55%), followed by pan-uveitis (35%) and posterior uveitis (10%). Overall, 40% of patients had bilateral uveitis, whereas 60% had unilateral uveitis. A total of 23 HLA-A and 43 HLA-B variant alleles were detected. HLA-AFNx0109 and HLA-AFNx0110 allele and phenotype frequencies were significantly higher in the patient group (P=0.023 and 0.034, and P=0.013 and 0.029, respectively). HLA-BFNx0107 allele and phenotype frequencies were significantly higher in the control group (P=0.007 and 0.006, respectively). HLA-BFNx0127 and HLA-BFNx0105 were detected in 8.3 and 26.7%, respectively, with no significant difference. Conclusion HLA-AFNx0109 and HLA-AFNx0110 alleles were statistically significantly higher in patients with idiopathic uveitis. HLA-BFNx0107 might be a protective allele against disease development. Larger cohort needs to be tested to validate these findings. Routine HLA typing and proper follow-up for primarily diagnosed idiopathic uveitis is recommended as it might reveal secondary causes for uveitis, especially in patients with positive HLA-BFNx0127 and HLA-BFNx0105.","PeriodicalId":31572,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Egyptian Ophthalmological Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41431702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
G. Samir, A. Elmassry, Nader H. L. Bayoumi, E. Osman
Aim The aim of the study was to report on the ocular response analyzer and posterior segment optical coherence tomography findings in refractive surgery candidates. Patients and methods The study was conducted on 100 eyes of 50 (37 females) patients seeking refractive surgery at a private eye center in Alexandria, Egypt. Following detailed history taking, all study participants were subjected to a thorough ophthalmic examination including assessment of uncorrected and best-corrected visual acuity, manifest and cycloplegic refraction, slit-lamp examination, measurement of intraocular pressure (IOP) using Goldmann applanation tonometry, and fundus examination using a high plus auxiliary lens. Optical coherence tomography and corneal biomechanical properties were then studied using the Reichert ocular response analyzer. Results The mean±SD age of the study patients was 25.27±4.9 years and of contact lens wear (24% of study patients) was 2.5±0.9 years. The mean±SD of the manifest refractive error was −5.6±5.2 D sphere and −1.6±1.2 D cylinder and of the best-corrected visual acuity was 0.9±0.2. The mean±SD of the IOPg, IOPcc, corneal hysteresis and cornea resistance factor were 14.9±3.8, 16.5±3.4, 9.3±1.9, and 9.4±2 mmHg, of the Peripapillary Retinal Nerve Fibre Layer (pRNFL) thickness were 68.9±20.5 μ nasal, 113.3±20.7 μ superior, 77.7±16 μ temporal, and 119.3±21.5 μ inferior and of the central macula thickness was 270.8±22.9 μ. Conclusions The corneal biomechanical properties and the macular nerve fiber layer thickness are not correlated with the refractive error of the eye, whereas the peripapillary nerve fiber layer thickness correlates with the refractive error and the visual acuity. Screening of the corneal biomechanical properties and the nerve fiber layers is recommended for refractive surgery candidates.
{"title":"Ocular response analyzer and posterior segment optical coherence tomography findings in refractive surgery candidates","authors":"G. Samir, A. Elmassry, Nader H. L. Bayoumi, E. Osman","doi":"10.4103/ejos.ejos_47_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ejos.ejos_47_22","url":null,"abstract":"Aim The aim of the study was to report on the ocular response analyzer and posterior segment optical coherence tomography findings in refractive surgery candidates. Patients and methods The study was conducted on 100 eyes of 50 (37 females) patients seeking refractive surgery at a private eye center in Alexandria, Egypt. Following detailed history taking, all study participants were subjected to a thorough ophthalmic examination including assessment of uncorrected and best-corrected visual acuity, manifest and cycloplegic refraction, slit-lamp examination, measurement of intraocular pressure (IOP) using Goldmann applanation tonometry, and fundus examination using a high plus auxiliary lens. Optical coherence tomography and corneal biomechanical properties were then studied using the Reichert ocular response analyzer. Results The mean±SD age of the study patients was 25.27±4.9 years and of contact lens wear (24% of study patients) was 2.5±0.9 years. The mean±SD of the manifest refractive error was −5.6±5.2 D sphere and −1.6±1.2 D cylinder and of the best-corrected visual acuity was 0.9±0.2. The mean±SD of the IOPg, IOPcc, corneal hysteresis and cornea resistance factor were 14.9±3.8, 16.5±3.4, 9.3±1.9, and 9.4±2 mmHg, of the Peripapillary Retinal Nerve Fibre Layer (pRNFL) thickness were 68.9±20.5 μ nasal, 113.3±20.7 μ superior, 77.7±16 μ temporal, and 119.3±21.5 μ inferior and of the central macula thickness was 270.8±22.9 μ. Conclusions The corneal biomechanical properties and the macular nerve fiber layer thickness are not correlated with the refractive error of the eye, whereas the peripapillary nerve fiber layer thickness correlates with the refractive error and the visual acuity. Screening of the corneal biomechanical properties and the nerve fiber layers is recommended for refractive surgery candidates.","PeriodicalId":31572,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Egyptian Ophthalmological Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42264907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mohammed Elashri, I. Sabry, Mahmoud Elhoseny, E. Emara, D. Taha, Nashwa Sadek
Objectives Evaluation of the incidence and nature of ocular surface involvement in ICU coronavirus disease (COVID)-infected patients. Patients and methods A prospective observational comparative study was carried out between March 2020 and April 2021 on ICU-admitted COVID-19-infected patients and non-COVID patients above the age of 16 years who were admitted to the ICU and met the inclusion criteria. Results Of all, 1620 patients were enrolled; 590 were in COVID group, whereas 1030 patients were in non-COVID group. The mean age was 55±22 years. The mean ICU stay was 11.55±4.22 and 8.45±3.93 days in the COVID and non-COVID groups, respectively. Ocular surface manifestations were significantly higher in patients with longer ICU stay (P=0.03). Regarding ocular surface manifestations, eye discharge was the highest incidence in the COVID group, whereas corneal ulcer was the highest in the non-COVID group. There was a significantly higher incidence of ocular surface manifestations in the non-COVID group (P=0.06). Longer ICU stays and low conscious level were significantly associated with more eye manifestations (P=0.03). Conclusion COVID-infected patients had the highest rate of eye discharge, whereas non-COVID patients had the highest rate of corneal ulcer. Longer ICU stays and low conscious level were associated with more eye manifestations. COVID-infected patients have no distinguishing characteristics from non-COVID individuals regarding ocular surface signs.
{"title":"The ocular surface manifestation in ICU coronavirus disease-infected patients: a matched-pair analysis","authors":"Mohammed Elashri, I. Sabry, Mahmoud Elhoseny, E. Emara, D. Taha, Nashwa Sadek","doi":"10.4103/ejos.ejos_50_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ejos.ejos_50_22","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives Evaluation of the incidence and nature of ocular surface involvement in ICU coronavirus disease (COVID)-infected patients. Patients and methods A prospective observational comparative study was carried out between March 2020 and April 2021 on ICU-admitted COVID-19-infected patients and non-COVID patients above the age of 16 years who were admitted to the ICU and met the inclusion criteria. Results Of all, 1620 patients were enrolled; 590 were in COVID group, whereas 1030 patients were in non-COVID group. The mean age was 55±22 years. The mean ICU stay was 11.55±4.22 and 8.45±3.93 days in the COVID and non-COVID groups, respectively. Ocular surface manifestations were significantly higher in patients with longer ICU stay (P=0.03). Regarding ocular surface manifestations, eye discharge was the highest incidence in the COVID group, whereas corneal ulcer was the highest in the non-COVID group. There was a significantly higher incidence of ocular surface manifestations in the non-COVID group (P=0.06). Longer ICU stays and low conscious level were significantly associated with more eye manifestations (P=0.03). Conclusion COVID-infected patients had the highest rate of eye discharge, whereas non-COVID patients had the highest rate of corneal ulcer. Longer ICU stays and low conscious level were associated with more eye manifestations. COVID-infected patients have no distinguishing characteristics from non-COVID individuals regarding ocular surface signs.","PeriodicalId":31572,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Egyptian Ophthalmological Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45898671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose To assess the use of oral chloral hydrate (CH) sedation in uncooperative children to perform a precise cycloplegic retinoscopy and a thorough dilated fundus examination in an outpatient strabismus and nystagmus clinic. Patients and methods A prospective study was conducted on 114 uncooperative children (119 sedation episodes) who were attending the strabismus and nystagmus outpatient clinic at Menoufia University Hospital. Children were sedated by the first dose of CH (50 mg/kg). A second dose, half-strength of the first dose, was given if no adequate sedation occurred after 30 min. The degree of sedation was graded into five categories: excellent, good, fair, poor, and failure. All demographic characteristics, sedation success, failure, and adverse events were reported and statistically analyzed. Results The mean age of children was 23.38 months (range: 5.16–62.06), and their weight ranged from 6.5 to 22 kg. The total CH dose ranged from 325 to 1500 mg. A total of 78 sedation episodes were reported by a single dose, and 41 by two doses. The percentage of the grade of sedation in our 119 episodes was as follows: excellent (56.3%), good (9.2%), fair (28.6%), poor (2.5%), and failure (3.4%). The overall success of one dose was 65.5%, which increased to 96.6% by a second supplemental dose. The most common complication was vomiting (13.4%). Other complications included prolonged drowsiness (one case) and paradoxical agitation (two cases). Spearman correlation showed a significant positive correlation between the degree of sedation and the total dose of CH (r=0.603, P<0.001). Conclusion According to our study, the use of CH was found to have a high success rate with two doses, without major adverse events.
{"title":"The use of chloral hydrate sedation in pediatric strabismus outpatient clinic","authors":"Ghada Zein El- Rajab, Amany A. Sultan, S. Soliman","doi":"10.4103/ejos.ejos_57_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ejos.ejos_57_22","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose To assess the use of oral chloral hydrate (CH) sedation in uncooperative children to perform a precise cycloplegic retinoscopy and a thorough dilated fundus examination in an outpatient strabismus and nystagmus clinic. Patients and methods A prospective study was conducted on 114 uncooperative children (119 sedation episodes) who were attending the strabismus and nystagmus outpatient clinic at Menoufia University Hospital. Children were sedated by the first dose of CH (50 mg/kg). A second dose, half-strength of the first dose, was given if no adequate sedation occurred after 30 min. The degree of sedation was graded into five categories: excellent, good, fair, poor, and failure. All demographic characteristics, sedation success, failure, and adverse events were reported and statistically analyzed. Results The mean age of children was 23.38 months (range: 5.16–62.06), and their weight ranged from 6.5 to 22 kg. The total CH dose ranged from 325 to 1500 mg. A total of 78 sedation episodes were reported by a single dose, and 41 by two doses. The percentage of the grade of sedation in our 119 episodes was as follows: excellent (56.3%), good (9.2%), fair (28.6%), poor (2.5%), and failure (3.4%). The overall success of one dose was 65.5%, which increased to 96.6% by a second supplemental dose. The most common complication was vomiting (13.4%). Other complications included prolonged drowsiness (one case) and paradoxical agitation (two cases). Spearman correlation showed a significant positive correlation between the degree of sedation and the total dose of CH (r=0.603, P<0.001). Conclusion According to our study, the use of CH was found to have a high success rate with two doses, without major adverse events.","PeriodicalId":31572,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Egyptian Ophthalmological Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47773769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective To assess the effectiveness of intravitreal ranibizumab or aflibercept versus medical therapy for treatment of patients presented with acute central serous chorioretinopathy. Patients and method This comparative controlled clinical trial involved 45 eyes of 45 patients having acute central serous chorioretinopathy. Patients were divided into three equal groups: the first patient group received intravitreal aflibercept, the second one received intravitreal ranibizumab, and the third one, control group, received medical therapy: oral spironolactone 100 mg once daily and topical bromfenac 0.09% q.i.d. All groups were observed over a duration of 6 months and assessed for best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), pattern on fundus fluorescein angiography, duration of visual recovery, recurrence rate, and possible complications after intravitreal injections. The central macular thickness (CMT), the subfoveal choroidal thickness (CT), the subretinal fluid (SRF), and the foveal vascular density were compared across the groups. Results By the end of the follow-up, BCVA significantly (P<0.01) improved in all groups. However, group comparison revealed no significant differences (P>0.05). A significant reduction in the CMT due to resolution of the SRF existed at 2 weeks after treatment in all groups till complete resolution at 6 months. For subfoveal CT, within-group analysis reported nonsignificant (P>0.05) differences in the intravitreal injection groups, whereas a significant (P<0.05) reduction in CT was recorded in the control group at 3 and 6 months. The foveal vascular density showed nonsignificant differences (P<0.05) within and among study groups. Conclusion Intravitreal injections had similar effects as medical treatment in improving BCVA, CMT, and SRF but had weaker action on CT.
{"title":"Evaluation of the effect of intravitreal antivascular endothelial growth factor versus medical treatment in acute central serous chorioretinopathy","authors":"Moataz A. Sallam","doi":"10.4103/ejos.ejos_76_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ejos.ejos_76_22","url":null,"abstract":"Objective To assess the effectiveness of intravitreal ranibizumab or aflibercept versus medical therapy for treatment of patients presented with acute central serous chorioretinopathy. Patients and method This comparative controlled clinical trial involved 45 eyes of 45 patients having acute central serous chorioretinopathy. Patients were divided into three equal groups: the first patient group received intravitreal aflibercept, the second one received intravitreal ranibizumab, and the third one, control group, received medical therapy: oral spironolactone 100 mg once daily and topical bromfenac 0.09% q.i.d. All groups were observed over a duration of 6 months and assessed for best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), pattern on fundus fluorescein angiography, duration of visual recovery, recurrence rate, and possible complications after intravitreal injections. The central macular thickness (CMT), the subfoveal choroidal thickness (CT), the subretinal fluid (SRF), and the foveal vascular density were compared across the groups. Results By the end of the follow-up, BCVA significantly (P<0.01) improved in all groups. However, group comparison revealed no significant differences (P>0.05). A significant reduction in the CMT due to resolution of the SRF existed at 2 weeks after treatment in all groups till complete resolution at 6 months. For subfoveal CT, within-group analysis reported nonsignificant (P>0.05) differences in the intravitreal injection groups, whereas a significant (P<0.05) reduction in CT was recorded in the control group at 3 and 6 months. The foveal vascular density showed nonsignificant differences (P<0.05) within and among study groups. Conclusion Intravitreal injections had similar effects as medical treatment in improving BCVA, CMT, and SRF but had weaker action on CT.","PeriodicalId":31572,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Egyptian Ophthalmological Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49476403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ghada El.Abedin Rajab, M. Elaziz, S. Soliman, A. Basiony
Aim To determine whether spectacle correction in axial anisometropes can cause significant aniseikonia. Patients and methods A cross-sectional study was conducted on eight patients who had axial anisometropia with a spherical equivalent difference between both eyes equal or more than 4 D. Aniseikonia was measured using the New Aniseikonia Test ‘Awaya.’ Aniseikonia of 3% or more was considered clinically significant. Spearman correlation between the amount of aniseikonia and anisometropia was calculated. Results The mean±SD age of the patients was 13±4.64 years (range, 7–24 years). Anisometropia ranging from −14.5 to +5.25 DS with a mean±SD of −6.70±5.18. The overall mean±SD of aniseikonia was −1.45±0.52. Five patients had no aniseikonia, three patients had −1% aniseikonia, and three patients had −2% aniseikonia. Spearman correlation showed an insignificant positive correlation between the amount of anisometropia and aniseikonia (r=0.05, P=0.86). Conclusion Among our cases, spectacle correction in axial anisometropia did not lead to significant aniseikonia using the New Aniseikonia Test. Aniseikonia should be assessed in patients with anisometropia as 1% of aniseikonia per diopter of anisometropia does not apply in every case.
{"title":"Measurement of spectacle-induced aniseikonia in axial anisometropia using the New Aniseikonia Test","authors":"Ghada El.Abedin Rajab, M. Elaziz, S. Soliman, A. Basiony","doi":"10.4103/ejos.ejos_56_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ejos.ejos_56_22","url":null,"abstract":"Aim To determine whether spectacle correction in axial anisometropes can cause significant aniseikonia. Patients and methods A cross-sectional study was conducted on eight patients who had axial anisometropia with a spherical equivalent difference between both eyes equal or more than 4 D. Aniseikonia was measured using the New Aniseikonia Test ‘Awaya.’ Aniseikonia of 3% or more was considered clinically significant. Spearman correlation between the amount of aniseikonia and anisometropia was calculated. Results The mean±SD age of the patients was 13±4.64 years (range, 7–24 years). Anisometropia ranging from −14.5 to +5.25 DS with a mean±SD of −6.70±5.18. The overall mean±SD of aniseikonia was −1.45±0.52. Five patients had no aniseikonia, three patients had −1% aniseikonia, and three patients had −2% aniseikonia. Spearman correlation showed an insignificant positive correlation between the amount of anisometropia and aniseikonia (r=0.05, P=0.86). Conclusion Among our cases, spectacle correction in axial anisometropia did not lead to significant aniseikonia using the New Aniseikonia Test. Aniseikonia should be assessed in patients with anisometropia as 1% of aniseikonia per diopter of anisometropia does not apply in every case.","PeriodicalId":31572,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Egyptian Ophthalmological Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47353190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Shoeib, Mohamed M. Khafagy, N. Hassan, Nermeen Bahgat
Background: The aim of this study is evaluate the accuracy of AS-OCT as a pre-operative tool to measure extra-ocular muscles insertion distance prior to strabismus surgery. Methods: It was a cross sectional observational study including 35 patients were imaged by AS-OCT and operated upon, intraoperative measurment of MR and LR muscles insertion distance was done. Results: There was a statically significant difference between AS-OCT and intra-operative measurements in case of LR muscle. Conclusion: AS-OCT is a useful non-contact tool in measuring MR muscle insertion distance.
{"title":"Anterior segment optical coherence tomography for the preoperative visualization of extra-ocular muscles in adult patients with strabismus","authors":"M. Shoeib, Mohamed M. Khafagy, N. Hassan, Nermeen Bahgat","doi":"10.4103/ejos.ejos_12_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ejos.ejos_12_22","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The aim of this study is evaluate the accuracy of AS-OCT as a pre-operative tool to measure extra-ocular muscles insertion distance prior to strabismus surgery. Methods: It was a cross sectional observational study including 35 patients were imaged by AS-OCT and operated upon, intraoperative measurment of MR and LR muscles insertion distance was done. Results: There was a statically significant difference between AS-OCT and intra-operative measurements in case of LR muscle. Conclusion: AS-OCT is a useful non-contact tool in measuring MR muscle insertion distance.","PeriodicalId":31572,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Egyptian Ophthalmological Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44411109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mostafa S ElShaarawi, A. Gaafar, H. Shalaby, R. Abdelgawad
Background Brain imaging of patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) shows evidence of neurodegeneration and inflammation. The retina is believed to be a prolongation of the central nervous system, and therefore optical coherence tomography readings may give an insight into the pathogenesis of MDD. Patients and methods An observational controlled cross-sectional study was performed at Ain Shams University Hospitals from September 2018 to December 2019. Optical coherence tomography was used to compare a group of 30 patients with MDD with a control group of 28 healthy individuals. Measurements recorded were macular thickness, peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness, and ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer complex (GC-IP) thickness. Results Patients with MDD demonstrated significant macular thinning in all zones of the ETDRS map except the central zone bilaterally, and the inner nasal and inner lower zones in right eye. The peripapillary RNFL thickness of patients with MDD revealed significant thinning in the superior quadrant of both eyes. The GC-IP complex of patients with MDD showed significant thinning in the whole temporal and inner lower nasal subzones of the right eye and the upper nasal and lower temporal subfields of the left eye. Conclusion Patients with MDD showed reduced thickness of the macula, RNFL, and GC-IP. This may indicate that MDD involves an element of neurodegeneration, such as evidenced in gray matter changes.
{"title":"Optical coherence tomography changes in Egyptian patients with major depressive disorder","authors":"Mostafa S ElShaarawi, A. Gaafar, H. Shalaby, R. Abdelgawad","doi":"10.4103/ejos.ejos_53_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ejos.ejos_53_22","url":null,"abstract":"Background Brain imaging of patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) shows evidence of neurodegeneration and inflammation. The retina is believed to be a prolongation of the central nervous system, and therefore optical coherence tomography readings may give an insight into the pathogenesis of MDD. Patients and methods An observational controlled cross-sectional study was performed at Ain Shams University Hospitals from September 2018 to December 2019. Optical coherence tomography was used to compare a group of 30 patients with MDD with a control group of 28 healthy individuals. Measurements recorded were macular thickness, peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness, and ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer complex (GC-IP) thickness. Results Patients with MDD demonstrated significant macular thinning in all zones of the ETDRS map except the central zone bilaterally, and the inner nasal and inner lower zones in right eye. The peripapillary RNFL thickness of patients with MDD revealed significant thinning in the superior quadrant of both eyes. The GC-IP complex of patients with MDD showed significant thinning in the whole temporal and inner lower nasal subzones of the right eye and the upper nasal and lower temporal subfields of the left eye. Conclusion Patients with MDD showed reduced thickness of the macula, RNFL, and GC-IP. This may indicate that MDD involves an element of neurodegeneration, such as evidenced in gray matter changes.","PeriodicalId":31572,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Egyptian Ophthalmological Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47713869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aim The aim of this work was to evaluate the effectiveness of modified evisceration technique compared with standard technique in cases associated with deficient sclera. Patients and methods A prospective interventional study was conducted that included 34 eyes of 31 patients with deficient sclera scheduled for modified evisceration technique with intraconal placement of nonporous acrylic implants. Outcome was assessed in terms of implant extrusion, exposure, as well as other early or late postoperative complications. Results Adequate volume replacement was achieved in 32 (94.12%) of 34 eyes. Overall, two (5.88%) eyes had mild upper sulcus deficit, and three (8.8%) eyes had mild to moderate prominence of the prosthesis compared with the fellow eye, but no true exposure, extrusion, migration, socket contracture, or sympathetic ophthalmia was encountered. All of the patients were satisfied with the cosmetic and functional outcomes of the procedure, except for the two (5.88%) cases with upper sulcus deficit. Conclusion A modified evisceration technique for deficient sclera provides superior cosmetic and functional results compared with the standard technique. It has the advantage of allowing placement of relatively large orbital implants in cases associated with insufficient sclera with very low rates of implant extrusion, exposure, migration, or socket contracture.
{"title":"Modified evisceration with posteriorly detached petals for management of deficient sclera","authors":"Omar A. E. Salama, A. Alkady, A. Tharwat","doi":"10.4103/ejos.ejos_52_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ejos.ejos_52_22","url":null,"abstract":"Aim The aim of this work was to evaluate the effectiveness of modified evisceration technique compared with standard technique in cases associated with deficient sclera. Patients and methods A prospective interventional study was conducted that included 34 eyes of 31 patients with deficient sclera scheduled for modified evisceration technique with intraconal placement of nonporous acrylic implants. Outcome was assessed in terms of implant extrusion, exposure, as well as other early or late postoperative complications. Results Adequate volume replacement was achieved in 32 (94.12%) of 34 eyes. Overall, two (5.88%) eyes had mild upper sulcus deficit, and three (8.8%) eyes had mild to moderate prominence of the prosthesis compared with the fellow eye, but no true exposure, extrusion, migration, socket contracture, or sympathetic ophthalmia was encountered. All of the patients were satisfied with the cosmetic and functional outcomes of the procedure, except for the two (5.88%) cases with upper sulcus deficit. Conclusion A modified evisceration technique for deficient sclera provides superior cosmetic and functional results compared with the standard technique. It has the advantage of allowing placement of relatively large orbital implants in cases associated with insufficient sclera with very low rates of implant extrusion, exposure, migration, or socket contracture.","PeriodicalId":31572,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Egyptian Ophthalmological Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48628680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Esraa El-Mayah, Mounira Mohamed, Hany Elmekawey, R. Eltanamly
Objective To correlate the retinal vascular affection (macula and Optic nerve head (ONH)) assessed with OCT-A and retinal sensitivity (macula and peripapillary) measured with microperimetry in patients with multiple sclerosis with and without optic neuritis. Patients and methods A total of 18 patients (18 eyes, six with antecedent attack of optic neuritis and 12 without) and 18 age-matched healthy controls (18 eyes) were included. OCT-A and microperimetry were used to evaluate retinal vasculature and sensitivity in the macular and peripapillary areas, respectively. Results Patients with MS (regardless of the presence of history of symptomatic optic neuritis) had lower vessel density, thickness, and sensitivity than controls. This decrease in the three parameters was correlated to some extent especially in the superior and parafoveal regions. Conclusion OCT-A and microperimetry could be considered as noninvasive tools for early diagnosis of neuroretinal affection in multiple sclerosis and monitoring of disease severity.
{"title":"Correlation between retinal and optic nerve microvasculature and sensitivity in patients with multiple sclerosis with and without optic neuritis","authors":"Esraa El-Mayah, Mounira Mohamed, Hany Elmekawey, R. Eltanamly","doi":"10.4103/ejos.ejos_84_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ejos.ejos_84_22","url":null,"abstract":"Objective To correlate the retinal vascular affection (macula and Optic nerve head (ONH)) assessed with OCT-A and retinal sensitivity (macula and peripapillary) measured with microperimetry in patients with multiple sclerosis with and without optic neuritis. Patients and methods A total of 18 patients (18 eyes, six with antecedent attack of optic neuritis and 12 without) and 18 age-matched healthy controls (18 eyes) were included. OCT-A and microperimetry were used to evaluate retinal vasculature and sensitivity in the macular and peripapillary areas, respectively. Results Patients with MS (regardless of the presence of history of symptomatic optic neuritis) had lower vessel density, thickness, and sensitivity than controls. This decrease in the three parameters was correlated to some extent especially in the superior and parafoveal regions. Conclusion OCT-A and microperimetry could be considered as noninvasive tools for early diagnosis of neuroretinal affection in multiple sclerosis and monitoring of disease severity.","PeriodicalId":31572,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Egyptian Ophthalmological Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49616177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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