The almond moth Cadra cautella (Walker) is a notable stored product pest which can cause detrimental loss on stored cocoa. Cocoa can be stored in bean and powder forms. The information about survival and development of C. cautella on stored cocoa is limited. This research aimed to determine the effect of cocoa powder and cocoa bean in the storage against the survival and development of C. cautella. This research was conducted in Plant Pests Laboratory, Department of Plant Pests and Diseases, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Brawijaya. This research consisted of two treatments namely cocoa bean and cocoa powder with no choice method and repeated six times. The observed variables were number of larvae, pupae, male and female almond moth of F1 progeny, and developmental time of this insect. The t-test analysis was applied to determine the treatment effect. Results showed that the number of larvae, pupae, adult males and females of F1 progeny cultured on cocoa powder were significantly higher than on cocoa bean. The total developmental time and life cycle of almond moth were shorter on cocoa powder than on cocoa bean. Therefore, to store cocoa in powder form is riskier to the almond moth infestation rather than in bean form. Hence, it is suggested to take more concern on the cocoa powder storage better in order to minimize the almond moth infestation.
杏仁蛾 Cadra cautella (Walker) 是一种显著的贮存产品害虫，可对贮存的可可造成有害损失。可可可以豆和粉末的形式储存。有关 C. cautella 在储藏可可上的生存和发展的信息很有限。这项研究旨在确定可可粉和可可豆在储存过程中对可可褐飞虱存活和发展的影响。这项研究在 Brawijaya 大学农学院植物病虫害系植物病虫害实验室进行。研究包括两种处理，即可可豆和可可粉，采用无选择方法，重复六次。观察变量为 F1 代杏仁夜蛾的幼虫、蛹、雌雄数量以及发育时间。采用 t 检验分析确定处理效果。结果表明，在可可粉上培养的 F1 代幼虫、蛹、雄成虫和雌成虫的数量明显高于在可可豆上培养的幼虫、蛹、雄成虫和雌成虫的数量。可可粉上杏仁夜蛾的总发育时间和生命周期都比可可豆上短。因此，储存可可粉比储存可可豆更容易受到杏仁夜蛾的侵扰。因此，建议对可可粉的储存给予更多关注，以减少杏仁蛾的侵扰。
{"title":"Survival and development of Cadra cautella (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) on cocoa bean and cocoa powder","authors":"L. P. Astuti","doi":"10.5994/jei.21.1.35","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5994/jei.21.1.35","url":null,"abstract":"The almond moth Cadra cautella (Walker) is a notable stored product pest which can cause detrimental loss on stored cocoa. Cocoa can be stored in bean and powder forms. The information about survival and development of C. cautella on stored cocoa is limited. This research aimed to determine the effect of cocoa powder and cocoa bean in the storage against the survival and development of C. cautella. This research was conducted in Plant Pests Laboratory, Department of Plant Pests and Diseases, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Brawijaya. This research consisted of two treatments namely cocoa bean and cocoa powder with no choice method and repeated six times. The observed variables were number of larvae, pupae, male and female almond moth of F1 progeny, and developmental time of this insect. The t-test analysis was applied to determine the treatment effect. Results showed that the number of larvae, pupae, adult males and females of F1 progeny cultured on cocoa powder were significantly higher than on cocoa bean. The total developmental time and life cycle of almond moth were shorter on cocoa powder than on cocoa bean. Therefore, to store cocoa in powder form is riskier to the almond moth infestation rather than in bean form. Hence, it is suggested to take more concern on the cocoa powder storage better in order to minimize the almond moth infestation.","PeriodicalId":31609,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Entomologi Indonesia","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141801432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Indri Yanil Vajri, Trizelia Trizelia, R. A. Kuswardani, M. Saragih
IInsect pathologists’ attention to the potential of entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) as inducers of plant resistance has increased in recent years. Several types of EPF that have received attention as biocontrol agents for insect pest populations include Beauveria bassiana, Metarhizium anisopliae and Trichoderma sp. because they are able to infect and kill insects directly, has a wide host range, and has been used to control various types of insect pests. Apart from being able to infect and kill insect pests, EPF can also live endophytically in plant tissue and increase plant resistance to pest attacks. The presence of EPF as endophytes is able to induce plant resistance by stimulating an increase phytohormones production. In this article, we reviewed the role of fungi as entomopathogens, the characteristics of entomopathogenic fungi, and their role as inducers of plant resistance. The review was carried out by collecting information from original articles and related reports which reviewed the results of research on the role of entomopathogenic fungi as plant resistance inducers by including the keywords entomopathogenic endophytic fungi, resistance induction, characterization, systemic resistance and herbivorous insects. This systematic review concludes that EPF as an inducer of plant resistance is a very promising control alternative in the development of plant protection management against insect pests.
{"title":"Cendawan entomopatogen sebagai penginduksi ketahanan tanaman: Sebuah tinjauan sistematis","authors":"Indri Yanil Vajri, Trizelia Trizelia, R. A. Kuswardani, M. Saragih","doi":"10.5994/jei.21.1.75","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5994/jei.21.1.75","url":null,"abstract":"IInsect pathologists’ attention to the potential of entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) as inducers of plant resistance has increased in recent years. Several types of EPF that have received attention as biocontrol agents for insect pest populations include Beauveria bassiana, Metarhizium anisopliae and Trichoderma sp. because they are able to infect and kill insects directly, has a wide host range, and has been used to control various types of insect pests. Apart from being able to infect and kill insect pests, EPF can also live endophytically in plant tissue and increase plant resistance to pest attacks. The presence of EPF as endophytes is able to induce plant resistance by stimulating an increase phytohormones production. In this article, we reviewed the role of fungi as entomopathogens, the characteristics of entomopathogenic fungi, and their role as inducers of plant resistance. The review was carried out by collecting information from original articles and related reports which reviewed the results of research on the role of entomopathogenic fungi as plant resistance inducers by including the keywords entomopathogenic endophytic fungi, resistance induction, characterization, systemic resistance and herbivorous insects. This systematic review concludes that EPF as an inducer of plant resistance is a very promising control alternative in the development of plant protection management against insect pests.","PeriodicalId":31609,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Entomologi Indonesia","volume":"120 32","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141820075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Black soldier flies (Hermetia illucens (Linnaeus)) or BSF are insects that process organic waste, with larvae rich in nutrients and potential as an alternative protein source for food and feed. Astaxanthin, an antioxidant found in plants, algae, and crustaceans, is also assumed to be present in insects like BSF. This study examined the impact of feeding different organic wastes on BSF larval growth and astaxanthin content in its pupae. The experimental design involved four treatments: fruit and vegetable scraps (BS), tofu pulp (AT), rice leftovers (N), and a mix of fruit and vegetable scraps, tofu pulp and rice left-over (C), with animal feed T51 as control. Each treatment was repeated three times. Growth parameters of BSF such as weight, length, and larval characteristics, along with the chemical content of pupae, including astaxanthin, were measured. Pupae were extracted using a triphasic maceration method with n-heptane, ethyl acetate, acetonitrile, butanol-l, and distilled water. Compound identification was done using terpenoid qualitative tests, thin layer chromatography (TLC), and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). The findings revealed that fruit and vegetable scraps (BS) significantly increased larval body size, with a weight of 0.09 ± 0.04 grams/larvae and a length of 1.49 ± 0.31 cm/larvae. LC-MS analysis detected lutein derivatives, anisodamine, resveratrol derivatives, dehydroarginine, and astaxanthin derivatives with a molecular mass of 597.23 m/z in BSF larvae fed on fruit and vegetable scraps.
{"title":"Pengaruh pemberian sampah organik terhadap pertumbuhan dan kandungan astaxanthin pada pupa black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens (Linnaeus))","authors":"Arkey Sidauruk, Aniek Prasetyaningsih, Kukuh Madyaningrana","doi":"10.5994/jei.21.1.23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5994/jei.21.1.23","url":null,"abstract":"Black soldier flies (Hermetia illucens (Linnaeus)) or BSF are insects that process organic waste, with larvae rich in nutrients and potential as an alternative protein source for food and feed. Astaxanthin, an antioxidant found in plants, algae, and crustaceans, is also assumed to be present in insects like BSF. This study examined the impact of feeding different organic wastes on BSF larval growth and astaxanthin content in its pupae. The experimental design involved four treatments: fruit and vegetable scraps (BS), tofu pulp (AT), rice leftovers (N), and a mix of fruit and vegetable scraps, tofu pulp and rice left-over (C), with animal feed T51 as control. Each treatment was repeated three times. Growth parameters of BSF such as weight, length, and larval characteristics, along with the chemical content of pupae, including astaxanthin, were measured. Pupae were extracted using a triphasic maceration method with n-heptane, ethyl acetate, acetonitrile, butanol-l, and distilled water. Compound identification was done using terpenoid qualitative tests, thin layer chromatography (TLC), and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). The findings revealed that fruit and vegetable scraps (BS) significantly increased larval body size, with a weight of 0.09 ± 0.04 grams/larvae and a length of 1.49 ± 0.31 cm/larvae. LC-MS analysis detected lutein derivatives, anisodamine, resveratrol derivatives, dehydroarginine, and astaxanthin derivatives with a molecular mass of 597.23 m/z in BSF larvae fed on fruit and vegetable scraps.","PeriodicalId":31609,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Entomologi Indonesia","volume":"4 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141267282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Refugia are plants that play an important role in the conservation of natural enemies in agroecosystem. Refugia plants are useful for providing shelter and host/prey for natural enemies, especially parasitoids and predators. This study was aimed to investigate the effect of refugia and different planting seasons on the diversity and species composition of natural enemies (especially predatory spiders and Hymenoptera parasitoids) in maize fields. Field research was conducted in two different seasons i.e., dry season (April to July 2022) and rainy season (September to December 2022) in Tumpang Village, Malang District. The maize fields for the study were grouped into four different areas, with two observation plots (size 40 m × 50 m) in each area, consisting of a monoculture maize field (control plot) and a maize field with refugia plants (treatment plot). Sampling was conducted using pitfall traps (for predatory spiders) and yellow traps (for Hymenoptera parasitoids). Traps were set for 1 × 24 hours and conducted at 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 weeks after planting (WAP). The results from two planting seasons were obtained predatory spider diversity amounted to 626 individuals consisting of 7 families, and 40 morphospecies, while Hymenoptera parasitoids amounted to 787 individuals consisting of 5 families, and 63 morphospecies. Based on generalized linear models (GLM) analysis, it was found that refugia planting did not affect the diversity of natural enemies, but affected the species composition of predatory spiders. Different planting seasons affect the diversity and species composition of predatory spiders as well as Hymenoptera parasitoids.
{"title":"Keanekaragaman dan komposisi spesies laba-laba predator dan parasitoid Hymenoptera pada tanaman jagung dengan dan tanpa refugia pada musim yang berbeda","authors":"Fahmi Sulthoni, Hagus Tarno, Akhmad Rizali, W. Priawandiputra, Damayanti Buchori, Midzon Johannis","doi":"10.5994/jei.20.3.258","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5994/jei.20.3.258","url":null,"abstract":"Refugia are plants that play an important role in the conservation of natural enemies in agroecosystem. Refugia plants are useful for providing shelter and host/prey for natural enemies, especially parasitoids and predators. This study was aimed to investigate the effect of refugia and different planting seasons on the diversity and species composition of natural enemies (especially predatory spiders and Hymenoptera parasitoids) in maize fields. Field research was conducted in two different seasons i.e., dry season (April to July 2022) and rainy season (September to December 2022) in Tumpang Village, Malang District. The maize fields for the study were grouped into four different areas, with two observation plots (size 40 m × 50 m) in each area, consisting of a monoculture maize field (control plot) and a maize field with refugia plants (treatment plot). Sampling was conducted using pitfall traps (for predatory spiders) and yellow traps (for Hymenoptera parasitoids). Traps were set for 1 × 24 hours and conducted at 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 weeks after planting (WAP). The results from two planting seasons were obtained predatory spider diversity amounted to 626 individuals consisting of 7 families, and 40 morphospecies, while Hymenoptera parasitoids amounted to 787 individuals consisting of 5 families, and 63 morphospecies. Based on generalized linear models (GLM) analysis, it was found that refugia planting did not affect the diversity of natural enemies, but affected the species composition of predatory spiders. Different planting seasons affect the diversity and species composition of predatory spiders as well as Hymenoptera parasitoids.","PeriodicalId":31609,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Entomologi Indonesia","volume":"25 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139608261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sarcoptes scabiei (Dee Geer) is the mite that causes scabies or mange. The mites live in the skin layers of humans and mammals. Nowadays, S. scabiei is classified according to their hospes and S. scabiei that lives in human is called Sarcoptes scabiei var. hominis. Controlling and eradicating human scabies, especially at the community level, requires understanding scabies as a pathogen and its interaction with humans. This paper discusses the biology of S. scabiei var. hominis and the interactions between mites and humans as hosts.
疥螨（Dee Geer）是导致疥疮或癞皮病的螨虫。螨虫生活在人类和哺乳动物的皮肤层中。如今，疥螨根据其栖息地进行分类，生活在人类体内的疥螨被称为疥螨变种（Sarcoptes scabiei var. hominis）。要控制和根除人类疥疮，特别是在社区一级，就必须了解疥疮这种病原体及其与人类的相互作用。本文讨论了疥螨变种的生物学特性以及螨虫与作为宿主的人类之间的相互作用。
{"title":"Aspek parasitologi Sarcoptes scabiei var. hominis","authors":"Sri Wahdini, Saleha Sungkar","doi":"10.5994/jei.20.3.275","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5994/jei.20.3.275","url":null,"abstract":"Sarcoptes scabiei (Dee Geer) is the mite that causes scabies or mange. The mites live in the skin layers of humans and mammals. Nowadays, S. scabiei is classified according to their hospes and S. scabiei that lives in human is called Sarcoptes scabiei var. hominis. Controlling and eradicating human scabies, especially at the community level, requires understanding scabies as a pathogen and its interaction with humans. This paper discusses the biology of S. scabiei var. hominis and the interactions between mites and humans as hosts.","PeriodicalId":31609,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Entomologi Indonesia","volume":"45 21","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139382312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The cabbage crop caterpillar, Crocidolomia pavonana, that can be very damaging to Brassicaceae plants in Indonesia, particularly in the Cianjur Regency. Farmers in the area have been using synthetic insecticides like emamectin benzoate to control this pest, but it seems that continuous use of these insecticides can lead to resistance in the pest. This research aimed to determine the level of resistance and distribution of emamectin benzoate in C. pavonana in Cianjur Regency. Field populations of C. pavonana were collected from five villages in three districts in Cianjur Regency. As a comparison, a laboratory population was used to determine the resistance ratio. All populations were tested for toxicity to determine the LC50. The results showed that populations of C. pavonana from Cianjur Regency were still susceptible to emamectin benzoate. Treatment at 22.08 × 10-4 mg a.i/l concentration in 72 hours after treatment showed that the population’s mortality was >90%. The resistance ratios of C. pavonana in Cianjur Regency were quite concerning (resistance indocation), with a range of 1.33–2.01 indicating resistance to emamectin benzoate was moderate. Interestingly, the Sindang Jaya population showed the highest resistance ratio. It’s worth noting that over 90% of farmers in the region use this insecticide in the field, which supports the idea of resistance to the chemical. This study provided valuable insight into the distribution of insecticide used and resistance levels of C. pavonana in the area support each other.
卷心菜毛虫（Crocidolomia pavonana）会对印度尼西亚的十字花科植物造成严重危害，尤其是在仙居（Cianjur）地区。该地区的农民一直使用苯甲酸阿维菌素等合成杀虫剂来控制这种害虫，但持续使用这些杀虫剂似乎会导致害虫产生抗药性。本研究旨在确定 Cianjur Regency 的 C. pavonana 对苯甲酸阿维菌素的抗药性水平和分布情况。研究人员从 Cianjur 地区三个区的五个村庄收集了 C. pavonana 的田间种群。作为对比，使用实验室种群来确定抗药性比率。对所有种群进行了毒性测试，以确定半数致死浓度。结果表明，Cianjur Regency 的 C. pavonana 种群仍然对阿维菌素苯甲酸盐敏感。以 22.08 × 10-4 mg a.i/l 的浓度处理 72 小时后，种群死亡率大于 90%。在 Cianjur Regency，C. pavonana 的抗药性比率相当令人担忧（抗药性不定位），范围为 1.33-2.01，表明对阿维菌素苯甲酸盐的抗药性为中度。有趣的是，Sindang Jaya种群的抗药性比率最高。值得注意的是，该地区 90% 以上的农民在田间使用这种杀虫剂，这也支持了对该化学品产生抗药性的观点。这项研究提供了宝贵的见解，说明该地区使用的杀虫剂分布情况与 C. pavonana 的抗药性水平相互支持。
{"title":"Tingkat resistensi insektisida emamektin benzoat terhadap ulat krop Crocidolomia pavonana (F.) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) di Kabupaten Cianjur, Jawa Barat","authors":"Kristoforus Sinyong Sinyong, Nadzirum Mubin, Djoko Prijono","doi":"10.5994/jei.20.3.247","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5994/jei.20.3.247","url":null,"abstract":"The cabbage crop caterpillar, Crocidolomia pavonana, that can be very damaging to Brassicaceae plants in Indonesia, particularly in the Cianjur Regency. Farmers in the area have been using synthetic insecticides like emamectin benzoate to control this pest, but it seems that continuous use of these insecticides can lead to resistance in the pest. This research aimed to determine the level of resistance and distribution of emamectin benzoate in C. pavonana in Cianjur Regency. Field populations of C. pavonana were collected from five villages in three districts in Cianjur Regency. As a comparison, a laboratory population was used to determine the resistance ratio. All populations were tested for toxicity to determine the LC50. The results showed that populations of C. pavonana from Cianjur Regency were still susceptible to emamectin benzoate. Treatment at 22.08 × 10-4 mg a.i/l concentration in 72 hours after treatment showed that the population’s mortality was >90%. The resistance ratios of C. pavonana in Cianjur Regency were quite concerning (resistance indocation), with a range of 1.33–2.01 indicating resistance to emamectin benzoate was moderate. Interestingly, the Sindang Jaya population showed the highest resistance ratio. It’s worth noting that over 90% of farmers in the region use this insecticide in the field, which supports the idea of resistance to the chemical. This study provided valuable insight into the distribution of insecticide used and resistance levels of C. pavonana in the area support each other.","PeriodicalId":31609,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Entomologi Indonesia","volume":"71 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139388171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Supriyadi, Retno Wijayanti, Retna Bandriyati Arniputri, Fakhriza Nikma Azizin
Pollination is important in cashew production, thus it is important to understand the factor determining the presence of pollination in cashew habitat. The research was carried out by field surveys in cashew farms to record the insects that exhibited nectar and pollen foraging activities on wild and cashew flowers. This study recorded the similarity between flower-insect visitors on wild plants and cashews, namely families of Apidae, Halictidae, Pieridae, and Andrenidae. Apidae were the most important flower visitors, but the honey bee, Apis sp. as an important pollinator, did not show the highest abundance. Wild flowering plants in cashew fields have the potential to play a role in the conservation of cashew pollinators.
{"title":"Serangga pengunjung bunga tumbuhan liar dan potensinya untuk mendukung penyerbukan jambu mete (Anacardium occidentale L)","authors":"S. Supriyadi, Retno Wijayanti, Retna Bandriyati Arniputri, Fakhriza Nikma Azizin","doi":"10.5994/jei.20.3.269","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5994/jei.20.3.269","url":null,"abstract":"Pollination is important in cashew production, thus it is important to understand the factor determining the presence of pollination in cashew habitat. The research was carried out by field surveys in cashew farms to record the insects that exhibited nectar and pollen foraging activities on wild and cashew flowers. This study recorded the similarity between flower-insect visitors on wild plants and cashews, namely families of Apidae, Halictidae, Pieridae, and Andrenidae. Apidae were the most important flower visitors, but the honey bee, Apis sp. as an important pollinator, did not show the highest abundance. Wild flowering plants in cashew fields have the potential to play a role in the conservation of cashew pollinators.","PeriodicalId":31609,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Entomologi Indonesia","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139452012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hermanu Triwidodo, Ali Nurmansyah, Dewi Sartiami, Niky Elfa Amanatillah, Meliyana Meliyana, Luna Lukvitasari
Release of new varieties requires qualitative as well as quantitative characters of the lines. For rice varieties, resistance to brown plant hopper (BPH) (Nilaparvata lugens, Stål) (Hemiptera: Delphacidae) is an important character that should be tested. The purpose of this study was to determine the resistance of new rice lines of rice cultivar to BPH. In this study, the tests were carried out on 6 (six) lines of candidate varieties developed by IPB University, namely TCIPB202101, TCIPB202102, TCIPB202103, TCIPB202104, TCIPB202105, and TCIPB202106. Resistance to BPH assays was conducted by screening and population development tests. Inpari 30 and Ciherang varieties were used as controls. The results showed that the TCIPB202106 line is the most resistant to BPH attack, while the TCIPB202103 line is the most susceptible to BPH attack. The average number of nymphs in the TCIPB202106 line was three times lower than those in Inpari 30 and Ciherang. The results of the population growth test were in line with the results of the screening test which indicated that the TCIPB202106 line is classified as moderately resistant to BPH.
{"title":"Ketahanan enam galur padi sawah (Oryza sativa L) terhadap wereng batang coklat (Nilaparvata lugens Stål) asal Patokbeusi, Subang","authors":"Hermanu Triwidodo, Ali Nurmansyah, Dewi Sartiami, Niky Elfa Amanatillah, Meliyana Meliyana, Luna Lukvitasari","doi":"10.5994/jei.20.3.240","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5994/jei.20.3.240","url":null,"abstract":"Release of new varieties requires qualitative as well as quantitative characters of the lines. For rice varieties, resistance to brown plant hopper (BPH) (Nilaparvata lugens, Stål) (Hemiptera: Delphacidae) is an important character that should be tested. The purpose of this study was to determine the resistance of new rice lines of rice cultivar to BPH. In this study, the tests were carried out on 6 (six) lines of candidate varieties developed by IPB University, namely TCIPB202101, TCIPB202102, TCIPB202103, TCIPB202104, TCIPB202105, and TCIPB202106. Resistance to BPH assays was conducted by screening and population development tests. Inpari 30 and Ciherang varieties were used as controls. The results showed that the TCIPB202106 line is the most resistant to BPH attack, while the TCIPB202103 line is the most susceptible to BPH attack. The average number of nymphs in the TCIPB202106 line was three times lower than those in Inpari 30 and Ciherang. The results of the population growth test were in line with the results of the screening test which indicated that the TCIPB202106 line is classified as moderately resistant to BPH.","PeriodicalId":31609,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Entomologi Indonesia","volume":"92 22","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139388248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mecoptera is a primitive and minor order of insects with nine families, including Panorpidae. Research on Panorpidae in Indonesia is lacking, especially regarding its habitat. Thus, the purpose of this study was to observe the diversity and habitat characteristics of Panorpidae. The study was conducted at Taman Hutan Raya Ir. H. Djuanda Bandung from March to April 2023. The survey method was conducted at plots in three area blocks: the utilization block, the protection block, and the collection block. Panorpidae were collected by hand and sweeping net and then identified based on morphological characteristics. Temperature, humidity, light intensity, and vegetation where Mecoptera are found are identified and recorded. This study collected one genus (Neopanorpa) and five species found in the protection block (there were five species) and the utilization block (there were three species) while none in the collection block. The Penorpidae population was higher at the Protection block than at the Utilization block. Generally, Panorpidae was found in broad-leaf vegetation such as Clidemia sp. and Datura sp., with a canopy that is not too dense. The level of diversity and evenness of both areas was medium. Humidity positively affects the diversity and abundance of Panorpidae, while temperature and light intensity have negative effects. This research shows that Panorpidae likes damp places protected by bush vegetation and under not too dense canopy.
甲壳虫目（Mecoptera）是一个原始的昆虫小目，共有九个科，其中包括泛翅目（Panorpidae）。印尼缺乏对 Panorpidae 的研究，尤其是关于其栖息地的研究。因此，本研究的目的是观察 Panorpidae 的多样性和栖息地特征。这项研究在 Taman Hutan Raya Ir.H. Djuanda Bandung进行。调查方法在三个区块的地块进行：利用区块、保护区块和采集区块。用手和扫网采集盘尾丝虫，然后根据形态特征进行鉴定。对温度、湿度、光照强度和发现甲壳虫的植被进行鉴定和记录。本研究在保护区（有 5 个物种）和利用区（有 3 个物种）收集到 1 个属（Neopanorpa）和 5 个物种，而在收集区则没有。在保护区块，Penorpidae 的数量高于利用区块。一般来说，Panorpidae 出现在树冠不太茂密的阔叶植被中，如 Clidemia sp.和 Datura sp.。两个区域的多样性和均匀度都处于中等水平。湿度对 Panorpidae 的多样性和数量有积极影响，而温度和光照强度则有消极影响。这项研究表明，盘尾丝虫喜欢有灌木保护、树冠不太茂密的潮湿地方。
{"title":"Keanekaragaman beserta karakteristik habitat Famili Panorpidae (Ordo: Mecoptera) di Taman Hutan Raya Ir. H. Djuanda Bandung","authors":"Putry Ardyanty, Ana Widiana, Ida Kinasih","doi":"10.5994/jei.19.3.213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5994/jei.19.3.213","url":null,"abstract":"Mecoptera is a primitive and minor order of insects with nine families, including Panorpidae. Research on Panorpidae in Indonesia is lacking, especially regarding its habitat. Thus, the purpose of this study was to observe the diversity and habitat characteristics of Panorpidae. The study was conducted at Taman Hutan Raya Ir. H. Djuanda Bandung from March to April 2023. The survey method was conducted at plots in three area blocks: the utilization block, the protection block, and the collection block. Panorpidae were collected by hand and sweeping net and then identified based on morphological characteristics. Temperature, humidity, light intensity, and vegetation where Mecoptera are found are identified and recorded. This study collected one genus (Neopanorpa) and five species found in the protection block (there were five species) and the utilization block (there were three species) while none in the collection block. The Penorpidae population was higher at the Protection block than at the Utilization block. Generally, Panorpidae was found in broad-leaf vegetation such as Clidemia sp. and Datura sp., with a canopy that is not too dense. The level of diversity and evenness of both areas was medium. Humidity positively affects the diversity and abundance of Panorpidae, while temperature and light intensity have negative effects. This research shows that Panorpidae likes damp places protected by bush vegetation and under not too dense canopy.","PeriodicalId":31609,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Entomologi Indonesia","volume":" 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139139450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
its detrimental impact on rice production. Biological agents, such as the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill., can effectively control this pest. B. bassiana, known for its endophytic abilities, colonises various plant tissues. This research aims to assess B. bassiana’s colonosation capacity on rice plants and its impact on nymph mortality and BPH fecundity. Four isolates of B. bassiana (BbWS, Pb211, Td312, and BbJg) were used, each with conidial density of 108 conidia/ml. The application menthod involved soaking rice seeds in the fungus for 24 hours. The results showed that all B. bassiana isolates could successfully establish as endophytes within rice plants, colonising all tissue parts, with leaves exhibiting the highest fungal colonisation at 58%. Seed soaking with B. bassiana reduced eggs hatching by 23.88% and increased nymph mortality by 40%. The presence of B. bassiana in rice tissue also influenced BPH adults fecundity. Notably, the BbWS isolate demonstrated the most significant effectiveness in elevating nymph mortality and reducing BPH fecundity.
其对水稻生产的不利影响。生物制剂，如昆虫病原真菌 Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill.，可以有效控制这种害虫。B. bassiana 以其内生能力著称，可在各种植物组织中定植。本研究旨在评估 B. bassiana 在水稻植株上的定殖能力及其对若虫死亡率和 BPH 繁殖力的影响。研究使用了四种 B. bassiana 分离物（BbWS、Pb211、Td312 和 BbJg），每种分离物的分生孢子密度为 108 个/毫升。施用方法是将水稻种子浸泡在真菌中 24 小时。结果表明，所有 B. bassiana 分离物都能成功地在水稻植株中形成内生菌，并在所有组织部位定殖，其中叶片的真菌定殖率最高，达到 58%。用 B. bassiana 浸泡种子可使虫卵孵化率降低 23.88%，若虫死亡率增加 40%。水稻组织中 B. bassiana 的存在也会影响 BPH 成虫的繁殖力。值得注意的是，BbWS 分离物在提高若虫死亡率和降低 BPH 繁殖力方面的效果最为显著。
{"title":"Colonization of the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill. on rice and its impact on nymph mortality and fecundity of brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens Stål)","authors":"Yolma Hendra, Trizelia Trizelia, M. Syahrawati","doi":"10.5994/jei.20.3.203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5994/jei.20.3.203","url":null,"abstract":"its detrimental impact on rice production. Biological agents, such as the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill., can effectively control this pest. B. bassiana, known for its endophytic abilities, colonises various plant tissues. This research aims to assess B. bassiana’s colonosation capacity on rice plants and its impact on nymph mortality and BPH fecundity. Four isolates of B. bassiana (BbWS, Pb211, Td312, and BbJg) were used, each with conidial density of 108 conidia/ml. The application menthod involved soaking rice seeds in the fungus for 24 hours. The results showed that all B. bassiana isolates could successfully establish as endophytes within rice plants, colonising all tissue parts, with leaves exhibiting the highest fungal colonisation at 58%. Seed soaking with B. bassiana reduced eggs hatching by 23.88% and increased nymph mortality by 40%. The presence of B. bassiana in rice tissue also influenced BPH adults fecundity. Notably, the BbWS isolate demonstrated the most significant effectiveness in elevating nymph mortality and reducing BPH fecundity.","PeriodicalId":31609,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Entomologi Indonesia","volume":" 21","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139140206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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