Pub Date : 2014-10-13DOI: 10.1109/RADAR.2014.7060309
S. Saillant, P. Dorey, M. Lesturgie, L. Thirion-Lefevre
The foliage has the characteristic to absorb electromagnetic waves. Attenuation is intrinsic to the propagation of radiation through any medium. Propagation through foliage leads to attenuation of the radar signal.
树叶有吸收电磁波的特性。衰减是辐射通过任何介质传播所固有的。通过树叶传播会导致雷达信号的衰减。
{"title":"Evaluation of the attenuation in L-band due to the foliage in function of the elevation angle","authors":"S. Saillant, P. Dorey, M. Lesturgie, L. Thirion-Lefevre","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2014.7060309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2014.7060309","url":null,"abstract":"The foliage has the characteristic to absorb electromagnetic waves. Attenuation is intrinsic to the propagation of radiation through any medium. Propagation through foliage leads to attenuation of the radar signal.","PeriodicalId":317910,"journal":{"name":"2014 International Radar Conference","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114835169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-10-13DOI: 10.1109/RADAR.2014.7060457
Alice Combernoux, F. Pascal, M. Lesturgie, G. Ginolhac
The paper addresses the problem of target detection embedded in a disturbance composed of a low rank Gaussian clutter and a white Gaussian noise. In this context, it is interesting to use an adaptive version of the Low Rank Normalized Matched Filter detector, denoted LR-ANMF, which is a function of the estimation of the projector onto the clutter subspace. In this paper, we show that the LR-ANMF detector based on the sample covariance matrix is consistent when the number of secondary data K tends to infinity for a fixed data dimension m but not consistent when m and K both tend to infinity at the same rate, i.e. m/K → c ∈ (0, 1). Using the results of random matrix theory, we then propose a new version of the LR-ANMF which is consistent in both cases and compare it to a previous version, the LR-GSCM detector. The application of the detectors from random matrix theory on STAP (Space Time Adaptive Processing) data shows the interest of our approach.
研究了在低阶高斯杂波和高斯白噪声干扰下的目标检测问题。在这种情况下，使用低秩归一化匹配滤波器检测器的自适应版本是很有趣的，标记为LR-ANMF，它是对杂波子空间的投影估计的函数。在本文中,我们表明,LR-ANMF探测器基于样本协方差矩阵K一致当辅助数据的数量趋于无穷时为一个固定的数据尺寸m但不一致当m和K都以同样的速度趋于无穷,即m / c K→∈(0,1)。使用随机矩阵理论的结果,然后,我们提出一个新版本的LR-ANMF一致的在这两种情况下,比较前一版本,LR-GSCM探测器。随机矩阵理论的检测器在STAP(时空自适应处理)数据上的应用表明了我们方法的兴趣。
{"title":"Performances of low rank detectors based on random matrix theory with application to STAP","authors":"Alice Combernoux, F. Pascal, M. Lesturgie, G. Ginolhac","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2014.7060457","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2014.7060457","url":null,"abstract":"The paper addresses the problem of target detection embedded in a disturbance composed of a low rank Gaussian clutter and a white Gaussian noise. In this context, it is interesting to use an adaptive version of the Low Rank Normalized Matched Filter detector, denoted LR-ANMF, which is a function of the estimation of the projector onto the clutter subspace. In this paper, we show that the LR-ANMF detector based on the sample covariance matrix is consistent when the number of secondary data K tends to infinity for a fixed data dimension m but not consistent when m and K both tend to infinity at the same rate, i.e. m/K → c ∈ (0, 1). Using the results of random matrix theory, we then propose a new version of the LR-ANMF which is consistent in both cases and compare it to a previous version, the LR-GSCM detector. The application of the detectors from random matrix theory on STAP (Space Time Adaptive Processing) data shows the interest of our approach.","PeriodicalId":317910,"journal":{"name":"2014 International Radar Conference","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129904078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-10-01DOI: 10.1109/RADAR.2014.7060298
F. Maasdorp, R. Nadjiasngar, M. Inggs
This paper investigates the theoretical placement of receivers in an Commensal Radar (CR), Doppler only tracking system with a single transmitter multiple receiver configuration. Theory, based on the Fisher Information matrix (FIM), is developed to derive the theoretical achievable bound for a given receiver configuration and used as a basis to select the optimal receiver placement. Theoretical concepts such as Shannon entropy and Cramèr-Rao analysis are explained and used in the selection process of receiver positions. Further, we show that time history information of a target can cumulatively be used together with FIM that will improve the Cramèr-Rao bound. Lastly, we use the theory developed to evaluate receiver placement combinations by means of a simulation and provide insight on the method of selecting receivers that would minimise the error performance of a Doppler only tracking system. The demonstrations used here are typical of a CR using FM Broadcast emissions.
{"title":"A Cramer Rao analysis on receiver placement in a FM band Commensal Radar system based on Doppler only measurements","authors":"F. Maasdorp, R. Nadjiasngar, M. Inggs","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2014.7060298","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2014.7060298","url":null,"abstract":"This paper investigates the theoretical placement of receivers in an Commensal Radar (CR), Doppler only tracking system with a single transmitter multiple receiver configuration. Theory, based on the Fisher Information matrix (FIM), is developed to derive the theoretical achievable bound for a given receiver configuration and used as a basis to select the optimal receiver placement. Theoretical concepts such as Shannon entropy and Cramèr-Rao analysis are explained and used in the selection process of receiver positions. Further, we show that time history information of a target can cumulatively be used together with FIM that will improve the Cramèr-Rao bound. Lastly, we use the theory developed to evaluate receiver placement combinations by means of a simulation and provide insight on the method of selecting receivers that would minimise the error performance of a Doppler only tracking system. The demonstrations used here are typical of a CR using FM Broadcast emissions.","PeriodicalId":317910,"journal":{"name":"2014 International Radar Conference","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116247525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-10-01DOI: 10.1109/RADAR.2014.7060343
Jean-Francois Laneyrie, L. Chabod, Frederic Damichel, S. Kemkemian
This paper explains how simulation can contribute to the airborne radars qualification. Thales Airborne Systems has developed a wide range of the simulation tools over the last few years and a new method called “Smart Qualification” is now deployed within the company. This method and these tools have demonstrated their efficiency. The maturity of the radar system to be qualified is dramatically increased prior to the first in-flight trials. This paper is focused on the main tool, which is called “SEN” (French acronym for “Simulateur d'Echos Numérique”, Digital Echo Simulator).
{"title":"Radar performance validation with simulation","authors":"Jean-Francois Laneyrie, L. Chabod, Frederic Damichel, S. Kemkemian","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2014.7060343","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2014.7060343","url":null,"abstract":"This paper explains how simulation can contribute to the airborne radars qualification. Thales Airborne Systems has developed a wide range of the simulation tools over the last few years and a new method called “Smart Qualification” is now deployed within the company. This method and these tools have demonstrated their efficiency. The maturity of the radar system to be qualified is dramatically increased prior to the first in-flight trials. This paper is focused on the main tool, which is called “SEN” (French acronym for “Simulateur d'Echos Numérique”, Digital Echo Simulator).","PeriodicalId":317910,"journal":{"name":"2014 International Radar Conference","volume":"121 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114407402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-10-01DOI: 10.1109/RADAR.2014.7060442
Huanyao Dai, Zhenyu Huang, Hao Lei, Liandong Wang
As the single polarized radar don't have the polarization measurement and processing ability, this brings fundamental difficulty in anti-interference in polarization domain. By using the difference between sum and difference beam pattern in mono-pulse radar, the polarization decomposition and polarization estimation method of single polarization returns was studied. A novel processing method for suppressing interference in sum and difference channel is proposed. The full analytic expression is given. The advantage of the method is made single polarized radar own polarization measurement and anti-interference ability by skilled using of the cross polarization component of antenna and pattern difference. The validity of research work is demonstrated by the electromagnetism computation data and simulation experiments. The results indicate that it can suppress the jamming signal effectively and the performance of angle estimation is improved. All above have significant illumining and directing meaning for exploiting polarimetric measurements capability of current radar equipments and enhancing their information acquisition and processing capacity.
{"title":"Interference cancellation and polarization suppression technology based on the pattern difference between sum-and-difference beams in mono-pulse radar","authors":"Huanyao Dai, Zhenyu Huang, Hao Lei, Liandong Wang","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2014.7060442","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2014.7060442","url":null,"abstract":"As the single polarized radar don't have the polarization measurement and processing ability, this brings fundamental difficulty in anti-interference in polarization domain. By using the difference between sum and difference beam pattern in mono-pulse radar, the polarization decomposition and polarization estimation method of single polarization returns was studied. A novel processing method for suppressing interference in sum and difference channel is proposed. The full analytic expression is given. The advantage of the method is made single polarized radar own polarization measurement and anti-interference ability by skilled using of the cross polarization component of antenna and pattern difference. The validity of research work is demonstrated by the electromagnetism computation data and simulation experiments. The results indicate that it can suppress the jamming signal effectively and the performance of angle estimation is improved. All above have significant illumining and directing meaning for exploiting polarimetric measurements capability of current radar equipments and enhancing their information acquisition and processing capacity.","PeriodicalId":317910,"journal":{"name":"2014 International Radar Conference","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129646996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-10-01DOI: 10.1109/RADAR.2014.7060402
S. Tomei, M. Martorella, C. Coleman, F. Berizzi
HF Skywave radars exploit the refractive properties of the ionosphere to reach distances beyond the horizon allowing for the surveillance of very large areas. The instability of the ionospheric channel on wide temporal and spatial scales is one of the most important issue to be addressed in the design of such systems, especially when considering a MIMO configuration. In fact, large scale ionospheric disturbances and multipath can affect the propagating signals and degrade the radar performance. The main objective of this paper is to derive a suitable signal model that accounts for ionospheric multipath and fading. ROC curves are then simulated and compared to the case in which multipath is not considered.
{"title":"OTH Skywave MIMO signal model and target detection in presence of multipath","authors":"S. Tomei, M. Martorella, C. Coleman, F. Berizzi","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2014.7060402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2014.7060402","url":null,"abstract":"HF Skywave radars exploit the refractive properties of the ionosphere to reach distances beyond the horizon allowing for the surveillance of very large areas. The instability of the ionospheric channel on wide temporal and spatial scales is one of the most important issue to be addressed in the design of such systems, especially when considering a MIMO configuration. In fact, large scale ionospheric disturbances and multipath can affect the propagating signals and degrade the radar performance. The main objective of this paper is to derive a suitable signal model that accounts for ionospheric multipath and fading. ROC curves are then simulated and compared to the case in which multipath is not considered.","PeriodicalId":317910,"journal":{"name":"2014 International Radar Conference","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130668675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The radar target's reconstructed high-resolution images provide important features for target identification. Normally, the radar images are obtained with the cascaded steps of translational motion compensation (TMC), image reconstruction and rotation velocity (RV) retrieval for inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR). It is found in this paper that the high-resolution target's image can be obtained with a single step via the proposed three-dimensional space Radon-Fourier transform (3DS-RFT). Furthermore, the relationship is well discussed in this paper between the ISAR and 3DS-RFT as well as the 3D distribution of 3DS-RFT image. It is shown that the proposed 3DS-RFT may be a more generalized imaging approach of moving target. Besides, the fast implementation of 3DS-RFT is also provided based on particle swarm optimizer (PSO). Finally, the results of both the numerical experiments and real measuring data are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
{"title":"Radar target imaging using three-dimensional space Radon-Fourier transform","authors":"Jia Xu, L. Teng, Feng Liu, X. Xia, Yan-ping Wang, Shibao Peng, Yingning Peng","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2014.7060240","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2014.7060240","url":null,"abstract":"The radar target's reconstructed high-resolution images provide important features for target identification. Normally, the radar images are obtained with the cascaded steps of translational motion compensation (TMC), image reconstruction and rotation velocity (RV) retrieval for inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR). It is found in this paper that the high-resolution target's image can be obtained with a single step via the proposed three-dimensional space Radon-Fourier transform (3DS-RFT). Furthermore, the relationship is well discussed in this paper between the ISAR and 3DS-RFT as well as the 3D distribution of 3DS-RFT image. It is shown that the proposed 3DS-RFT may be a more generalized imaging approach of moving target. Besides, the fast implementation of 3DS-RFT is also provided based on particle swarm optimizer (PSO). Finally, the results of both the numerical experiments and real measuring data are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.","PeriodicalId":317910,"journal":{"name":"2014 International Radar Conference","volume":"116 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124140347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-10-01DOI: 10.1109/RADAR.2014.7060409
Vincent Bridier, F. Graux, D. Ducatteau, G. Dambrine, Hans-Joachim Simon, M. Olivier, P. Eudeline
Taking advantage of a recently developed 20GHz six port mixer based nonlinear vector network analyzer (NVNA) prototype able to measure three frequencies simultaneously, the time domain tension and current waveforms are reconstructed at each chosen pulse of a non periodic pulse train starting from first pulse. This new instrument is used to study the influence of realistic radar pulse train on a 5W S-band GaN on silicon HEMT transistor.
{"title":"Measurement of the influence of non periodic pulse train on the nonlinear behavior of radar power amplifier using mixer based NVNA","authors":"Vincent Bridier, F. Graux, D. Ducatteau, G. Dambrine, Hans-Joachim Simon, M. Olivier, P. Eudeline","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2014.7060409","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2014.7060409","url":null,"abstract":"Taking advantage of a recently developed 20GHz six port mixer based nonlinear vector network analyzer (NVNA) prototype able to measure three frequencies simultaneously, the time domain tension and current waveforms are reconstructed at each chosen pulse of a non periodic pulse train starting from first pulse. This new instrument is used to study the influence of realistic radar pulse train on a 5W S-band GaN on silicon HEMT transistor.","PeriodicalId":317910,"journal":{"name":"2014 International Radar Conference","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125787787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-10-01DOI: 10.1109/RADAR.2014.7060388
A. Shoykhetbrod, A. Hommes, N. Pohl
This paper describes a mobile broadband 57 GHz - 64 GHz FMCW radar sensor system designed to improve the situational awareness of soldiers on peacemaking or peacekeeping missions by detecting projectiles in flight. In order to obtain an instantaneous coverage of the azimuthal field of view, a frequency-scanning meander antenna is used. Thereby, the sensors are provisioned to employ a scanning principle by radiating broadband waveforms with different frequencies into separate spatial directions.
{"title":"A scanning FMCW-radar system for the detection of fast moving objects","authors":"A. Shoykhetbrod, A. Hommes, N. Pohl","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2014.7060388","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2014.7060388","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes a mobile broadband 57 GHz - 64 GHz FMCW radar sensor system designed to improve the situational awareness of soldiers on peacemaking or peacekeeping missions by detecting projectiles in flight. In order to obtain an instantaneous coverage of the azimuthal field of view, a frequency-scanning meander antenna is used. Thereby, the sensors are provisioned to employ a scanning principle by radiating broadband waveforms with different frequencies into separate spatial directions.","PeriodicalId":317910,"journal":{"name":"2014 International Radar Conference","volume":"08 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115788642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-10-01DOI: 10.1109/RADAR.2014.7060346
S. Watts, L. Rosenberg, M. Ritchie
This paper characterises the Doppler spectra of radar sea clutter using data collected by the Ingara radar at grazing angles in the range 29° to 38°. It is shown that recently proposed modelling and simulation methods for lower grazing angles are still applicable for this data. The modelling method is also extended to capture the bimodal behaviour observed with high intensity returns from breaking waves looking up or downwind.
{"title":"Characterising the Doppler spectra of high grazing angle sea clutter","authors":"S. Watts, L. Rosenberg, M. Ritchie","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2014.7060346","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2014.7060346","url":null,"abstract":"This paper characterises the Doppler spectra of radar sea clutter using data collected by the Ingara radar at grazing angles in the range 29° to 38°. It is shown that recently proposed modelling and simulation methods for lower grazing angles are still applicable for this data. The modelling method is also extended to capture the bimodal behaviour observed with high intensity returns from breaking waves looking up or downwind.","PeriodicalId":317910,"journal":{"name":"2014 International Radar Conference","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132065966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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