Pub Date : 2022-12-13DOI: 10.17650/2782-3202-2022-2-4-22-26
A. Mudunov, B. G. Pkheshkhova, P. A. Zeynalova, A. Fedenko, A. Batsev, M. Pak
The article describes clinical observation of locally advanced metastatic anaplastic thyroid cancer. Difficulties in instrumental and laboratory diagnosis of this pathology and the role of molecular diagnosis in search for highly effective treatment are discussed.
{"title":"Difficulties of diagnosis and characteristics of clinical progression of anaplastic thyroid cancer. Clinical case","authors":"A. Mudunov, B. G. Pkheshkhova, P. A. Zeynalova, A. Fedenko, A. Batsev, M. Pak","doi":"10.17650/2782-3202-2022-2-4-22-26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17650/2782-3202-2022-2-4-22-26","url":null,"abstract":"The article describes clinical observation of locally advanced metastatic anaplastic thyroid cancer. Difficulties in instrumental and laboratory diagnosis of this pathology and the role of molecular diagnosis in search for highly effective treatment are discussed.","PeriodicalId":318498,"journal":{"name":"MD-Onco","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122869591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-13DOI: 10.17650/2782-3202-2022-2-4-34-40
Yu. E. Ryabukhina, F. М. Abbasbeyli, O. L. Timofeeva, P. A. Zeynalova, A. G. Zhukov
Primary cutaneous diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, leg type, is diagnosed in 20-25 % cases of all primary cutaneous B-cell lymphomas, primarily in elderly women (older than 70 years). The disease has aggressive recurrent progression and worse prognosis than other variants. The standard antitumor drug therapy are such regimens as R-CHOP and CHOP-like programs including anthracycline antibiotics. Use of these programs can be limited by the presence of cardiovascular and other concomitant disorders.Due to the limited variety of combinations of antitumor agents, low frequency of diagnosis of this immunomorphological variant of lymphoproliferative disease and absence of a single algorithm of drug therapy, every clinical case is interesting and informative.In the presented clinical case, an 80-year-old female patient with primary cutaneous diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, leg type, and concomitant pathology of the cardiovascular system underwent 2 courses of R-CVP regimen drug therapy without anthracyclines. A significant antitumor clinical effect was achieved in the form of complete tumor regression. Treatment was not accompanied by significant toxicity which allowed to complete therapy.
{"title":"Primary cutaneous diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, leg type, in an 80-year-old female patient. Clinical case","authors":"Yu. E. Ryabukhina, F. М. Abbasbeyli, O. L. Timofeeva, P. A. Zeynalova, A. G. Zhukov","doi":"10.17650/2782-3202-2022-2-4-34-40","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17650/2782-3202-2022-2-4-34-40","url":null,"abstract":"Primary cutaneous diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, leg type, is diagnosed in 20-25 % cases of all primary cutaneous B-cell lymphomas, primarily in elderly women (older than 70 years). The disease has aggressive recurrent progression and worse prognosis than other variants. The standard antitumor drug therapy are such regimens as R-CHOP and CHOP-like programs including anthracycline antibiotics. Use of these programs can be limited by the presence of cardiovascular and other concomitant disorders.Due to the limited variety of combinations of antitumor agents, low frequency of diagnosis of this immunomorphological variant of lymphoproliferative disease and absence of a single algorithm of drug therapy, every clinical case is interesting and informative.In the presented clinical case, an 80-year-old female patient with primary cutaneous diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, leg type, and concomitant pathology of the cardiovascular system underwent 2 courses of R-CVP regimen drug therapy without anthracyclines. A significant antitumor clinical effect was achieved in the form of complete tumor regression. Treatment was not accompanied by significant toxicity which allowed to complete therapy.","PeriodicalId":318498,"journal":{"name":"MD-Onco","volume":"108 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134288413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-13DOI: 10.17650/2782-3202-2022-2-3-55-58
L. Kogoniya, K. E. Borisov, K. I. Ershova
When using capecitabine, manifestations of toxicity in the form of palmar-plantar dysesthesia, redness, excessive sensitivity and peeling of the skin of the palms and feet are well known. However, in the scientific literature available to us, we did not find a single case of skin toxicity with capecitabine, in contrast to targeted therapy, for which skin manifestations are very characteristic. The dermal toxicity described in this paper developed as a result of patient noncompliance. These side effects reduced the adherence to therapy: the next courses of chemotherapy were postponed.
{"title":"Patient noncompliance as the cause of skin toxicity in capecitabine therapy","authors":"L. Kogoniya, K. E. Borisov, K. I. Ershova","doi":"10.17650/2782-3202-2022-2-3-55-58","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17650/2782-3202-2022-2-3-55-58","url":null,"abstract":"When using capecitabine, manifestations of toxicity in the form of palmar-plantar dysesthesia, redness, excessive sensitivity and peeling of the skin of the palms and feet are well known. However, in the scientific literature available to us, we did not find a single case of skin toxicity with capecitabine, in contrast to targeted therapy, for which skin manifestations are very characteristic. The dermal toxicity described in this paper developed as a result of patient noncompliance. These side effects reduced the adherence to therapy: the next courses of chemotherapy were postponed.","PeriodicalId":318498,"journal":{"name":"MD-Onco","volume":"734 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122941960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-13DOI: 10.17650/2782-3202-2022-2-3-21-27
A. Rasulov, J. Madyarov, A. E. Kulikov, Z. Rasulov, L. A. Shestakova, D. Chekini, E. K. Ibragimov, E. Puchkova, Yu. E. Lvova, R. A. Rasulov
Immunotherapy has improved the results of treatment of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. According to literature, the most cancericidal effect revealed in a microsatellite instability high (MSI-H) tumors. In our case, PD-1/PD-L1/PD-L2 inhibitors (nivolumab) treatment for locally advanced MSI-H colon carcinoma with liver metastasis in 44-year-old patient resulted in tumor regression, so that R0 surgical procedure became possible. Computed tomography scan and pathology report showed complete response, in primary and metastatic tumors. As a result, this allowed to improve the quality of patient’s life.
{"title":"Neoadjuvant immunotherapy in treatment of oligometastatic locally advanced colon cancer. Clinical case","authors":"A. Rasulov, J. Madyarov, A. E. Kulikov, Z. Rasulov, L. A. Shestakova, D. Chekini, E. K. Ibragimov, E. Puchkova, Yu. E. Lvova, R. A. Rasulov","doi":"10.17650/2782-3202-2022-2-3-21-27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17650/2782-3202-2022-2-3-21-27","url":null,"abstract":"Immunotherapy has improved the results of treatment of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. According to literature, the most cancericidal effect revealed in a microsatellite instability high (MSI-H) tumors. In our case, PD-1/PD-L1/PD-L2 inhibitors (nivolumab) treatment for locally advanced MSI-H colon carcinoma with liver metastasis in 44-year-old patient resulted in tumor regression, so that R0 surgical procedure became possible. Computed tomography scan and pathology report showed complete response, in primary and metastatic tumors. As a result, this allowed to improve the quality of patient’s life.","PeriodicalId":318498,"journal":{"name":"MD-Onco","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127840767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-13DOI: 10.17650/2782-3202-2022-2-3-43-46
I. N. Iurichev, V. Vereshchak
Obturation of the bronchial tree in oncological patients leading to labored breathing, tachypnea and asphyxiation is more frequent in primary malignant lesions of the airways: trachea, primary and lobar bronchi. In case of contraindications for surgical treatment, endoscopic techniques of recanalization of airways can be used. The most common are physical techniques such as argon plasma coagulation and cryodestruction. However, in this clinical observation of primary bronchus obturation by leiomyosarcoma metastasis we used endoloop resection.
{"title":"Endoscopic techniques used in obturation of the bronchus by metastasis of leiomyosarcoma of the retrocecal space. Clinical observation","authors":"I. N. Iurichev, V. Vereshchak","doi":"10.17650/2782-3202-2022-2-3-43-46","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17650/2782-3202-2022-2-3-43-46","url":null,"abstract":"Obturation of the bronchial tree in oncological patients leading to labored breathing, tachypnea and asphyxiation is more frequent in primary malignant lesions of the airways: trachea, primary and lobar bronchi. In case of contraindications for surgical treatment, endoscopic techniques of recanalization of airways can be used. The most common are physical techniques such as argon plasma coagulation and cryodestruction. However, in this clinical observation of primary bronchus obturation by leiomyosarcoma metastasis we used endoloop resection.","PeriodicalId":318498,"journal":{"name":"MD-Onco","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126044350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-13DOI: 10.17650/2782-3202-2022-2-3-28-35
Yu. E. Ryabukhina, F. М. Abbasbeyli, P. A. Zeynalova, O. L. Timofeeva, N. Kupryshina, A. G. Zhukov
Multiple myeloma is a B-cell lymphoproliferative disorder. Morphological substrate of the disorder are plasma cells producing monoclonal immunoglobulin, and the disorder is characterized by heterogeneity of clinical manifestations. Due to the understanding of molecular and biological basics of multiple myeloma pathogenesis, significant success was achieved in treatment of the standard and high-risk cytogenetics groups including full remission. However, not all patients show long-term progression-free survival. Necessity of more accurate evaluation of the extent of antitumor response, prognosis of progression-free survival and recurrence development led to minimal residual disease (MRD) testing. The analysis is based on detection of phenotypically aberrant clonal plasma cells in bone marrow aspirate after drug treatment. Currently, MRD-negative status is a significant prognostic factor. In some studies, high effectiveness of daratumumab in achievement of MRD-negative status in elderly patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma was demonstrated.
{"title":"Effectiveness of D-Rd program in the first line therapy of a 75-year-old female patient with multiple myeloma with high-risk cytogenetics. Clinical observation","authors":"Yu. E. Ryabukhina, F. М. Abbasbeyli, P. A. Zeynalova, O. L. Timofeeva, N. Kupryshina, A. G. Zhukov","doi":"10.17650/2782-3202-2022-2-3-28-35","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17650/2782-3202-2022-2-3-28-35","url":null,"abstract":"Multiple myeloma is a B-cell lymphoproliferative disorder. Morphological substrate of the disorder are plasma cells producing monoclonal immunoglobulin, and the disorder is characterized by heterogeneity of clinical manifestations. Due to the understanding of molecular and biological basics of multiple myeloma pathogenesis, significant success was achieved in treatment of the standard and high-risk cytogenetics groups including full remission. However, not all patients show long-term progression-free survival. Necessity of more accurate evaluation of the extent of antitumor response, prognosis of progression-free survival and recurrence development led to minimal residual disease (MRD) testing. The analysis is based on detection of phenotypically aberrant clonal plasma cells in bone marrow aspirate after drug treatment. Currently, MRD-negative status is a significant prognostic factor. In some studies, high effectiveness of daratumumab in achievement of MRD-negative status in elderly patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma was demonstrated.","PeriodicalId":318498,"journal":{"name":"MD-Onco","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131009958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-13DOI: 10.17650/2782-3202-2022-2-3-47-54
Yu. E. Ryabukhina, O. L. Timofeeva, P. A. Zeynalova, F. М. Abbasbeyli, M. V. Antonets, V. E. Gruzdev, M. A. Anisimov, A. A. Akhobekov, N. Kupryshina
Plasma cell leukemia (PCL) is a rare malignant plasma cell neoplasm with aggressive clinical progression, minimal response to therapy and unfavorable prognosis. Concomitant new coronavirus infection COVID-19 and its complications significantly worsen prognosis in patients with PCL. Currently, approaches to PCL therapy are not finalized, and regimens developed for multiple myeloma are used. In PCL, the most common clinical symptoms are renal failure and hypercalcinemia which are frequently observed in multiple myeloma. Therefore, use of proteasome inhibitor (bortezomib) with proven effectiveness in multiple myeloma, is justified. A clinical observation of a 64-year-old female patient who was hospitalized in poor physical condition with the new coronavirus infection COVID-19 is presented. During hospitalization, debut of PCL was suspected, and as soon as possible after diagnosis confirmation using vital indications, antitumor drug therapy was started with positive effect.
{"title":"Clinical observation of a 64-year-old female patient with plasma cell leukemia diagnosed during coronavirus infection COVID-19","authors":"Yu. E. Ryabukhina, O. L. Timofeeva, P. A. Zeynalova, F. М. Abbasbeyli, M. V. Antonets, V. E. Gruzdev, M. A. Anisimov, A. A. Akhobekov, N. Kupryshina","doi":"10.17650/2782-3202-2022-2-3-47-54","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17650/2782-3202-2022-2-3-47-54","url":null,"abstract":"Plasma cell leukemia (PCL) is a rare malignant plasma cell neoplasm with aggressive clinical progression, minimal response to therapy and unfavorable prognosis. Concomitant new coronavirus infection COVID-19 and its complications significantly worsen prognosis in patients with PCL. Currently, approaches to PCL therapy are not finalized, and regimens developed for multiple myeloma are used. In PCL, the most common clinical symptoms are renal failure and hypercalcinemia which are frequently observed in multiple myeloma. Therefore, use of proteasome inhibitor (bortezomib) with proven effectiveness in multiple myeloma, is justified. A clinical observation of a 64-year-old female patient who was hospitalized in poor physical condition with the new coronavirus infection COVID-19 is presented. During hospitalization, debut of PCL was suspected, and as soon as possible after diagnosis confirmation using vital indications, antitumor drug therapy was started with positive effect. ","PeriodicalId":318498,"journal":{"name":"MD-Onco","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125532119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-13DOI: 10.17650/2782-3202-2022-2-3-36-42
D. Chekini, P. A. Zeynalova, E. K. Ibragimov, A. Y. Kolesnik, A. Fedenko
Currently, use of CDK4/6 inhibitors in combination with hormone therapy is approved for treatment of patients with advanced or metastatic breast cancer positive for estrogen and progesterone receptors and negative for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2). In this clinical observation, analysis of the effectiveness of treatment of a patient with metastatic breast cancer of luminal A subtype is performed. The 1st line combination therapy was CDK4/6 inhibitors (ribociclib) and hormone therapy with aromatase inhibitors (letrozole) and analogues of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (goserelin) with concurrent bone-modifying denosumab therapy. Effectiveness of antitumor drug therapy administered for 7 months, and toxicity of the regimen were evaluated. Effectiveness of the selected combination treatment regimen was demonstrated and confirmed by clinical data, as well as results of laboratory and instrumental examinations. Adverse effects were controlled and managed with symptomatic therapy which allows to continue treatment using previously selected tactics.
{"title":"CDK4/6 inhibitors in combination with hormone therapy in clinical practice. Clinical case","authors":"D. Chekini, P. A. Zeynalova, E. K. Ibragimov, A. Y. Kolesnik, A. Fedenko","doi":"10.17650/2782-3202-2022-2-3-36-42","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17650/2782-3202-2022-2-3-36-42","url":null,"abstract":"Currently, use of CDK4/6 inhibitors in combination with hormone therapy is approved for treatment of patients with advanced or metastatic breast cancer positive for estrogen and progesterone receptors and negative for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2). In this clinical observation, analysis of the effectiveness of treatment of a patient with metastatic breast cancer of luminal A subtype is performed. The 1st line combination therapy was CDK4/6 inhibitors (ribociclib) and hormone therapy with aromatase inhibitors (letrozole) and analogues of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (goserelin) with concurrent bone-modifying denosumab therapy. Effectiveness of antitumor drug therapy administered for 7 months, and toxicity of the regimen were evaluated. Effectiveness of the selected combination treatment regimen was demonstrated and confirmed by clinical data, as well as results of laboratory and instrumental examinations. Adverse effects were controlled and managed with symptomatic therapy which allows to continue treatment using previously selected tactics.","PeriodicalId":318498,"journal":{"name":"MD-Onco","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126270018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-13DOI: 10.17650/2782-3202-2022-2-3-16-20
E. Glukhov, M. M. Davydov, A. Ivanov, A. A. Filatov, M. Shogenov, E. V. Dementieva
Pancreatic tail cancer has a poor prognosis and may be unresectable at the time of diagnosis, since it is asymptomatic and often has invasion into adjacent organs, and also has a high metastatic potential, where the target organs are the liver, lungs, bones, as well as the parietal and visceral peritoneum, adrenal glands. Radical resection of the pancreas in such cases is impractical. The gold standard of treatment is systemic chemotherapy. We describe the successful resection of locally advanced pancreatic tail cancer with metastases along the peritoneum of the large omentum after 14 courses of chemotherapy according to the mFOLFIRINOX (oxaliplatin 85 mg/m2 intravenously for 120 min, irinotecan 150 mg/m2 intravenously for 90 min, leucovorin 400 mg/m2 intravenously for 120 min, 5-fluorouracil 2400 mg/m2 intravenous infusion for 46 hours, cycle 14 days).
{"title":"Successful combination treatment of metastatic ductal carcinoma of the pancreas tail pT4N0M1(per). Clinical case","authors":"E. Glukhov, M. M. Davydov, A. Ivanov, A. A. Filatov, M. Shogenov, E. V. Dementieva","doi":"10.17650/2782-3202-2022-2-3-16-20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17650/2782-3202-2022-2-3-16-20","url":null,"abstract":"Pancreatic tail cancer has a poor prognosis and may be unresectable at the time of diagnosis, since it is asymptomatic and often has invasion into adjacent organs, and also has a high metastatic potential, where the target organs are the liver, lungs, bones, as well as the parietal and visceral peritoneum, adrenal glands. Radical resection of the pancreas in such cases is impractical. The gold standard of treatment is systemic chemotherapy. We describe the successful resection of locally advanced pancreatic tail cancer with metastases along the peritoneum of the large omentum after 14 courses of chemotherapy according to the mFOLFIRINOX (oxaliplatin 85 mg/m2 intravenously for 120 min, irinotecan 150 mg/m2 intravenously for 90 min, leucovorin 400 mg/m2 intravenously for 120 min, 5-fluorouracil 2400 mg/m2 intravenous infusion for 46 hours, cycle 14 days).","PeriodicalId":318498,"journal":{"name":"MD-Onco","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123648909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-13DOI: 10.17650/2782-3202-2022-2-3-59-64
R. Mustafin
Frequency of atherosclerosis significantly increases with age, same as malignant tumor morbidity. Concurrent pathology (including in the cardiovascular system) affects selection of antitumor treatment limiting use of cardiotoxic (though highly effective) drugs. Statins are the main treatment for atherosclerosis but their study showed that regulation of cholesterol metabolism affects functioning of tumor cells. According to the results of clinical trial meta-analyses, regular use of statins decreases mortality in patients with bladder, prostate, renal, ovarian, lung, breast, and colorectal cancer both due to decreased risk of cardiovascular complications and increased effectiveness of antitumor drugs. In some studies, decreased risk of liver, esophageal, endometrial, renal, gastric, and pancreatic cancers was observed in patients taking statins. Antitumor effects of statins are supposedly mediated by decreased cholesterol production which is used by tumor cells for functioning and membrane synthesis. Additionally, statins inactivate RAS and RHO oncogenes by suppressing their isoprenylation, inhibit proliferation of tumor cells. Statins also contribute to activation of antitumor immunity, increased ferroptosis and autophagy. Statins activate apoptosis by interacting with mitochondrial procaspase 9, inhibit expression of toll-like receptors (TLR4), NF-κB, tumor necrosis factor α, interleukins 1β and 6, suppress the mTOR pathway. Therefore, multifaceted direct and indirect antitumor effects of statins show that these pharmaceuticals should be more intently considered as a component of antitumor therapy.
{"title":"Possibilities of using statins in comprehensive antitumor treatment","authors":"R. Mustafin","doi":"10.17650/2782-3202-2022-2-3-59-64","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17650/2782-3202-2022-2-3-59-64","url":null,"abstract":"Frequency of atherosclerosis significantly increases with age, same as malignant tumor morbidity. Concurrent pathology (including in the cardiovascular system) affects selection of antitumor treatment limiting use of cardiotoxic (though highly effective) drugs. Statins are the main treatment for atherosclerosis but their study showed that regulation of cholesterol metabolism affects functioning of tumor cells. According to the results of clinical trial meta-analyses, regular use of statins decreases mortality in patients with bladder, prostate, renal, ovarian, lung, breast, and colorectal cancer both due to decreased risk of cardiovascular complications and increased effectiveness of antitumor drugs. In some studies, decreased risk of liver, esophageal, endometrial, renal, gastric, and pancreatic cancers was observed in patients taking statins. Antitumor effects of statins are supposedly mediated by decreased cholesterol production which is used by tumor cells for functioning and membrane synthesis. Additionally, statins inactivate RAS and RHO oncogenes by suppressing their isoprenylation, inhibit proliferation of tumor cells. Statins also contribute to activation of antitumor immunity, increased ferroptosis and autophagy. Statins activate apoptosis by interacting with mitochondrial procaspase 9, inhibit expression of toll-like receptors (TLR4), NF-κB, tumor necrosis factor α, interleukins 1β and 6, suppress the mTOR pathway. Therefore, multifaceted direct and indirect antitumor effects of statins show that these pharmaceuticals should be more intently considered as a component of antitumor therapy.","PeriodicalId":318498,"journal":{"name":"MD-Onco","volume":"190 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132958006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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