： On the basis of complex system theory and the frontier researches of Chinese and foreign linguistics in this field, this paper systematically discusses the conceptual connotation of language complexity, and generalizes the essential characteristics in quality and quantity, which is non-linearity and high organizational depth. The non-linearity is mainly manifested as imbalance, emergence and interactivity, while the high organizational depth as multi-level, multi-dimension, multi-stage, high cardinality, etc. Generally speaking, the more complex the information is, the longer the minimum description length (MDL) of it is, and the higher resource/cost consumption is. In the relation of unity of opposites between complexity and simplicity, language complexity is absolute, while simplicity is relative. Complexity is always in dominance, while simplicity always serves as a lever to balance, control and regulate complexity. They are developing nonlinear adaptive interactions, which leads to the formation and development of linguistic paradigm system (such as grammatical paradigm and rhetorical paradigm). The conclusion provides a theoretical basis for the study of language complexity.
{"title":"What Is Language Complexity?","authors":"Qinghua Ma, Xinxin Wang","doi":"10.26478/JA2019.7.11.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26478/JA2019.7.11.1","url":null,"abstract":"： On the basis of complex system theory and the frontier researches of Chinese and foreign linguistics in this field, this paper systematically discusses the conceptual connotation of language complexity, and generalizes the essential characteristics in quality and quantity, which is non-linearity and high organizational depth. The non-linearity is mainly manifested as imbalance, emergence and interactivity, while the high organizational depth as multi-level, multi-dimension, multi-stage, high cardinality, etc. Generally speaking, the more complex the information is, the longer the minimum description length (MDL) of it is, and the higher resource/cost consumption is. In the relation of unity of opposites between complexity and simplicity, language complexity is absolute, while simplicity is relative. Complexity is always in dominance, while simplicity always serves as a lever to balance, control and regulate complexity. They are developing nonlinear adaptive interactions, which leads to the formation and development of linguistic paradigm system (such as grammatical paradigm and rhetorical paradigm). The conclusion provides a theoretical basis for the study of language complexity.","PeriodicalId":31949,"journal":{"name":"Macrolinguistics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46803222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
： Proverbs are timeless human wisdom in the form of concise figurative speech. They reflect the conceptual experience of the speakers, particularly the elders in speech communities. This study aims at presenting a comparative study between Amharic and Afaan Oromoo proverbs from the standpoint of meta-communication perspective. Meta-communication is conceptualized as communicating about communication. Communication is believed to have many things in common with culture in that it shapes and dictates the communication behavior of a given society. In verbal communication, the use of proverbs is quite often, explicitly to comment on communication behavior. Despite the multifaceted functions of proverbs in several disciplines, the focuses of this study are proverbs as sources of communication that are relevant in linguistics and anthropology. In so doing, sample proverbs have been purposively selected based on semantic criteria and analyzed by using psycho-analysis method. In the analysis of the proverbs, we built a cognitive model for their semantic relationships. This is because the proverbs have relatively stable, conventionalized and contextual meaning of form as continuum, residing in their common conceptual base. Above of all, they are metaphor-dependent as a common on conceptual base. Hence, there are a number of proverbs in Amharic and Afaan Oromoo as well that comment on importance of communication, communication behavior or processes, among others. In both ethno-linguistic groups, thus, employing such proverbs to comment on communication is quite common which tend to show the communication behavior of each group.
{"title":"Comparative Analysis of Amharic and Afaan Oromoo Proverbs: A meta-communication perspective","authors":"A. L. Saka, E. Garoma","doi":"10.26478/JA2019.7.11.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26478/JA2019.7.11.4","url":null,"abstract":"： Proverbs are timeless human wisdom in the form of concise figurative speech. They reflect the conceptual experience of the speakers, particularly the elders in speech communities. This study aims at presenting a comparative study between Amharic and Afaan Oromoo proverbs from the standpoint of meta-communication perspective. Meta-communication is conceptualized as communicating about communication. Communication is believed to have many things in common with culture in that it shapes and dictates the communication behavior of a given society. In verbal communication, the use of proverbs is quite often, explicitly to comment on communication behavior. Despite the multifaceted functions of proverbs in several disciplines, the focuses of this study are proverbs as sources of communication that are relevant in linguistics and anthropology. In so doing, sample proverbs have been purposively selected based on semantic criteria and analyzed by using psycho-analysis method. In the analysis of the proverbs, we built a cognitive model for their semantic relationships. This is because the proverbs have relatively stable, conventionalized and contextual meaning of form as continuum, residing in their common conceptual base. Above of all, they are metaphor-dependent as a common on conceptual base. Hence, there are a number of proverbs in Amharic and Afaan Oromoo as well that comment on importance of communication, communication behavior or processes, among others. In both ethno-linguistic groups, thus, employing such proverbs to comment on communication is quite common which tend to show the communication behavior of each group.","PeriodicalId":31949,"journal":{"name":"Macrolinguistics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48866029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
： Chinese pronoun anaphora and cataphora are different from those in English. The co-indexing judgment tests implemented by the present study indicate that for anaphora, only when the focus is on the head DP of the possessive phrase, the co-indexing between DP at possessive position and anaphor is possible. This can be explained by c-commanding instead of parameterized DP hypothesis since DP at possessive position c-commands pronoun anaphor but the focus shift will lead to the implicit raise of the head DP of the possessive phrase and change the structure. For cataphora, the pronoun cataphor at possessive position fails to co-index with DP and pronoun cataphor in sentences with C head can co-index with DP. It is argued that phase condition and visibility condition can explain cataphora in Chinese instead of the phase commanding theory since both phase condition and visibility condition can ensure the temporary location of cataphor for checking semantic match.
{"title":"Pronoun Anaphor and Cataphor in Chinese","authors":"Zhiyi Zhang","doi":"10.26478/JA2019.7.11.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26478/JA2019.7.11.2","url":null,"abstract":"： Chinese pronoun anaphora and cataphora are different from those in English. The co-indexing judgment tests implemented by the present study indicate that for anaphora, only when the focus is on the head DP of the possessive phrase, the co-indexing between DP at possessive position and anaphor is possible. This can be explained by c-commanding instead of parameterized DP hypothesis since DP at possessive position c-commands pronoun anaphor but the focus shift will lead to the implicit raise of the head DP of the possessive phrase and change the structure. For cataphora, the pronoun cataphor at possessive position fails to co-index with DP and pronoun cataphor in sentences with C head can co-index with DP. It is argued that phase condition and visibility condition can explain cataphora in Chinese instead of the phase commanding theory since both phase condition and visibility condition can ensure the temporary location of cataphor for checking semantic match.","PeriodicalId":31949,"journal":{"name":"Macrolinguistics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49334780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
: The time-point components in Hezhe language don’t only consist of time words and phrases without marks, but also those with various kinds of marking forms. Speaking from the syntactic level, the most basic function of the time-point components in Hezhe language is to act as adverbials in sentences. Moreover, they can also act as subjects, predicates, attributives, and in a few cases, some time-point components can also act as an object in the sentence. Analyzing from the semantic perspective, the time-point words and phrases in Hezhe language can either be definite and indefinite. The definite time points can determine the location as well as the time, which includes both absolute time points and relative time points.
{"title":"Study on the Time-point Expressions in Hezhe Language","authors":"Yaheng Cheng","doi":"10.26478/JA2019.7.11.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26478/JA2019.7.11.7","url":null,"abstract":": The time-point components in Hezhe language don’t only consist of time words and phrases without marks, but also those with various kinds of marking forms. Speaking from the syntactic level, the most basic function of the time-point components in Hezhe language is to act as adverbials in sentences. Moreover, they can also act as subjects, predicates, attributives, and in a few cases, some time-point components can also act as an object in the sentence. Analyzing from the semantic perspective, the time-point words and phrases in Hezhe language can either be definite and indefinite. The definite time points can determine the location as well as the time, which includes both absolute time points and relative time points.","PeriodicalId":31949,"journal":{"name":"Macrolinguistics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42818822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
: This study describes the vowel system of EkeGusii (“Bantu E.42”)(Guthrie, 1948) in an acoustic phonetics perspective using oral data got from purposively sampled subjects: four adult males, four adult females and four children (two boys and two girls all 8 years old) equally from the two dialects of EkeGusii (EkeMaate and EkeRogoro Dialects). In order to capture the distribution characteristics of the vowel acoustic concentration, the group frequency means are normalized using Lobanov’s (1971) algorithm. Two view-points are the subjects of analysis in EkeGusii vowels: (a) acoustic vowel space as projected by the intersection of F2 vs. F1 or quadrilateral, and (b) spatial features of high, low, front and back. These qualities are mainly influenced by the physiology of speakers and social variability as occasioned by gender, age and dialect. The results indicate that children have no gender difference in formants, and have the highest frequencies for all formants, followed by adult females and then adult males. Furthermore, acoustic vowel space and spatial features are affected by gender, age, and dialect. A vowel pattern, replicated by all informants, is realized in the dispersion of the vowels within the chart influenced by gender and age. This study found out that EkeGusii seems to adopt a seven-vowel system of /i e ɛ a ɔ o u/ with a length contrast.
本研究从声学语音学的角度描述了EkeGusii的元音系统(“Bantu E.42”)(Guthrie, 1948)，使用有目的的抽样对象的口头数据:4名成年男性，4名成年女性和4名儿童(2男2女，均为8岁)，分别来自EkeGusii的两种方言(EkeMaate和EkeRogoro方言)。为了捕捉元音声学浓度的分布特征，使用Lobanov(1971)算法对群频率均值进行归一化。EkeGusii元音分析的两个观点是:(a)由F2与F1或四边形相交投影的声学元音空间，以及(b)高、低、前、后的空间特征。这些特质主要受说话人的生理状况以及由性别、年龄和方言引起的社会变异性的影响。结果表明，儿童的共振峰无性别差异，所有共振峰的频率最高，其次是成年女性，然后是成年男性。此外，元音空间和空间特征受性别、年龄和方言的影响。在受性别和年龄影响的图表内元音的分散中实现了一种元音模式，所有的被调查者都复制了这种模式。本研究发现，EkeGusii似乎采用了一个长度对比的/i e / a / o ou /七个元音系统。
{"title":"Acoustic Analysis of EkeGusii Vowel System","authors":"P. Otieno, E. G. Mecha","doi":"10.26478/ja2019.7.11.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26478/ja2019.7.11.5","url":null,"abstract":": This study describes the vowel system of EkeGusii (“Bantu E.42”)(Guthrie, 1948) in an acoustic phonetics perspective using oral data got from purposively sampled subjects: four adult males, four adult females and four children (two boys and two girls all 8 years old) equally from the two dialects of EkeGusii (EkeMaate and EkeRogoro Dialects). In order to capture the distribution characteristics of the vowel acoustic concentration, the group frequency means are normalized using Lobanov’s (1971) algorithm. Two view-points are the subjects of analysis in EkeGusii vowels: (a) acoustic vowel space as projected by the intersection of F2 vs. F1 or quadrilateral, and (b) spatial features of high, low, front and back. These qualities are mainly influenced by the physiology of speakers and social variability as occasioned by gender, age and dialect. The results indicate that children have no gender difference in formants, and have the highest frequencies for all formants, followed by adult females and then adult males. Furthermore, acoustic vowel space and spatial features are affected by gender, age, and dialect. A vowel pattern, replicated by all informants, is realized in the dispersion of the vowels within the chart influenced by gender and age. This study found out that EkeGusii seems to adopt a seven-vowel system of /i e ɛ a ɔ o u/ with a length contrast.","PeriodicalId":31949,"journal":{"name":"Macrolinguistics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43041985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mesqan is a South Ethio-Semitic tonguewhich is mainly worn in day-to-day message by a people of on 179,737 communities in the Gurage Zone, Ethiopia, whose linguistic skin were not well expressed. The inner aspire of this paper is to offer a complete account of noun phrase structures of the Mesqan tongue. The paper is expressive in character, as the lessons is mostly worried with telling what is really being in the tongue, and mostly relies on main linguistic facts. The linguistic facts, i.e. the elicited grammatical facts regarding noun phrases, was composed from local speakers of the tongue during 12 months of fieldwork mannered among 2011 and 2012 in four Mesqan villages and in Butajira, the managerial hub of the Mesqan Woreda. The head of a NP can be a pronoun, a noun or an adjective. The head alone can constitute a full noun phrase. Adjectives, nouns in the genitive, or relative clauses function as modifiers of head nouns. Quantifiers are numerals, unspecific quantifiers, determiners include the definite marker, demonstrative pronouns, and possessive suffixes occur in two positions to the head noun. Only the demonstrative pronouns and the number ‘one’ when used as indefinite marker occur in phrase-initial position, while all other determiners follow the head.
{"title":"Noun Phrase in Mesqan","authors":"Ousman Shafi","doi":"10.26478/JA2019.7.10.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26478/JA2019.7.10.6","url":null,"abstract":"Mesqan is a South Ethio-Semitic tonguewhich is mainly worn in day-to-day message by a people of on 179,737 communities in the Gurage Zone, Ethiopia, whose linguistic skin were not well expressed. The inner aspire of this paper is to offer a complete account of noun phrase structures of the Mesqan tongue. The paper is expressive in character, as the lessons is mostly worried with telling what is really being in the tongue, and mostly relies on main linguistic facts. The linguistic facts, i.e. the elicited grammatical facts regarding noun phrases, was composed from local speakers of the tongue during 12 months of fieldwork mannered among 2011 and 2012 in four Mesqan villages and in Butajira, the managerial hub of the Mesqan Woreda. The head of a NP can be a pronoun, a noun or an adjective. The head alone can constitute a full noun phrase. Adjectives, nouns in the genitive, or relative clauses function as modifiers of head nouns. Quantifiers are numerals, unspecific quantifiers, determiners include the definite marker, demonstrative pronouns, and possessive suffixes occur in two positions to the head noun. Only the demonstrative pronouns and the number ‘one’ when used as indefinite marker occur in phrase-initial position, while all other determiners follow the head.","PeriodicalId":31949,"journal":{"name":"Macrolinguistics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44096318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper explores the extent to which language and culture can suffice as an interpretative framework for interrogating the issues and challenges of Igbo identity within the multidimensional context of Nigeria. As a function of individual, group and collective personality, the search for identity, which is both physical and transcendental, can hardly ignore the pivotal significance of language and culture. Nonetheless, realities of contemporary times have tended to provoke a number of issues, which sire a seedbed of identity crisis and by extension gnaws away the centrality of language and culture in identity construction. This is the research problem identified, which we sought to address in this paper. To this effect, we identified language and culture as veritable tools of identity construction. However, the corroding effects of modernity and intervening variables on language and culture have not only divested the latter of their instrumentality but advertently or inadvertently emboldened real-time disruptive tendencies and concomitant exigencies to alter the salient ontological relationships that characteristically define the typical African society. To reverse this ugly trend, we suggest a retooling/re-jigging Igbo language and culture in a manner that would reposition them to reclaim their ‘lost paradise’ and re-invent them as indispensible integers in the identity construction equation.
{"title":"Dynamics of Language and Culture as a Paradigm for Interrogating Igbo Identity","authors":"C. U. Agbedo","doi":"10.26478/JA2019.7.10.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26478/JA2019.7.10.8","url":null,"abstract":"This paper explores the extent to which language and culture can suffice as an interpretative framework for interrogating the issues and challenges of Igbo identity within the multidimensional context of Nigeria. As a function of individual, group and collective personality, the search for identity, which is both physical and transcendental, can hardly ignore the pivotal significance of language and culture. Nonetheless, realities of contemporary times have tended to provoke a number of issues, which sire a seedbed of identity crisis and by extension gnaws away the centrality of language and culture in identity construction. This is the research problem identified, which we sought to address in this paper. To this effect, we identified language and culture as veritable tools of identity construction. However, the corroding effects of modernity and intervening variables on language and culture have not only divested the latter of their instrumentality but advertently or inadvertently emboldened real-time disruptive tendencies and concomitant exigencies to alter the salient ontological relationships that characteristically define the typical African society. To reverse this ugly trend, we suggest a retooling/re-jigging Igbo language and culture in a manner that would reposition them to reclaim their ‘lost paradise’ and re-invent them as indispensible integers in the identity construction equation.","PeriodicalId":31949,"journal":{"name":"Macrolinguistics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41856197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ethiopia) Abstract: This article describes the various phonological/morphophonemic processes resulting from segmental co-occurrences within simple words (words which constitute a single morpheme) and at morpheme junctures of complex words in the Ezha language. The language is found to be rich in such operations. The morphophonemic processes identified and described in this study include assimilation, labialization, palatalization, depalatalization, vowel fronting, vowel deletion, deletion of a glide and a vowel, epenthesis and spirantization. Among these operations, assimilation is found to be by far the most
{"title":"Major Morphophonemic Operations in Ezha (Ethio-Semitic)","authors":"Endalew Assefa","doi":"10.26478/JA2019.7.10.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26478/JA2019.7.10.2","url":null,"abstract":"Ethiopia) Abstract: This article describes the various phonological/morphophonemic processes resulting from segmental co-occurrences within simple words (words which constitute a single morpheme) and at morpheme junctures of complex words in the Ezha language. The language is found to be rich in such operations. The morphophonemic processes identified and described in this study include assimilation, labialization, palatalization, depalatalization, vowel fronting, vowel deletion, deletion of a glide and a vowel, epenthesis and spirantization. Among these operations, assimilation is found to be by far the most","PeriodicalId":31949,"journal":{"name":"Macrolinguistics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48816226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
, Ethiopia) Abstract: The main objective of this study is to give descriptions of formal and functional aspects of causative constructions in Afaan Oromoo. To achieve the objective, written texts, native speaker informants and introspections are predominantly used as sources of data. The findings reveal that the three structural aspects of causatives- morphological, lexical and syntactic- are used in the language. Morphological causatives are highly productive, and affixes with -s and -i in several combinations as well as -eess are employed for such purposes. Causative Morphemes are detected to derive causatives of basic verb stems of different semantic categories and to involve causations in word-class changing. There are also simple and complex causations in which there are several causatives suffixes, causers and micro-events indicated morphologically and syntactically. Semantically, direct, indirect, and assistive/cooperative causatives are identified. Pseudo-causatives are uncovered as peculiar futures of the language too. There are, even, structures with explicit causative affixes which are called subjectless causatives, but they do not show any causal relations between the participants in
{"title":"Causative Constructions in Afaan Oromoo: Formal and semantic perspectives","authors":"E. Garoma, G. Tekle","doi":"10.26478/JA2019.7.10.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26478/JA2019.7.10.5","url":null,"abstract":", Ethiopia) Abstract: The main objective of this study is to give descriptions of formal and functional aspects of causative constructions in Afaan Oromoo. To achieve the objective, written texts, native speaker informants and introspections are predominantly used as sources of data. The findings reveal that the three structural aspects of causatives- morphological, lexical and syntactic- are used in the language. Morphological causatives are highly productive, and affixes with -s and -i in several combinations as well as -eess are employed for such purposes. Causative Morphemes are detected to derive causatives of basic verb stems of different semantic categories and to involve causations in word-class changing. There are also simple and complex causations in which there are several causatives suffixes, causers and micro-events indicated morphologically and syntactically. Semantically, direct, indirect, and assistive/cooperative causatives are identified. Pseudo-causatives are uncovered as peculiar futures of the language too. There are, even, structures with explicit causative affixes which are called subjectless causatives, but they do not show any causal relations between the participants in","PeriodicalId":31949,"journal":{"name":"Macrolinguistics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49207789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ukraine) Abstract: To solve the problem of the origin of the human language, it is proposed to use the principle of “ontogeny recapitulates phylogeny” under the assumption that the development of the child’s language to a certain extent reflects the development of the human language. Taking as a basis the first sounds pronounced by a child, phonostems are determined and used when comparing etymological complexes for several semantic fields on lexical materials of several European and Asian languages. According to the results of the comparison, the effectiveness of the used principle has been These data are a series of extensive phonetically correlative etymological complexes, which regularly repeated in the languages of each family, with large bundles of interconnected elementary meanings and with a specific, still not noted complex system of structural variants of the root, the same for each etymological complex.
{"title":"Reasoning on the Origin of the Human Language","authors":"V. Stetsyuk, Ukraine An Independent Researcher","doi":"10.26478/JA2019.7.10.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26478/JA2019.7.10.1","url":null,"abstract":"Ukraine) Abstract: To solve the problem of the origin of the human language, it is proposed to use the principle of “ontogeny recapitulates phylogeny” under the assumption that the development of the child’s language to a certain extent reflects the development of the human language. Taking as a basis the first sounds pronounced by a child, phonostems are determined and used when comparing etymological complexes for several semantic fields on lexical materials of several European and Asian languages. According to the results of the comparison, the effectiveness of the used principle has been These data are a series of extensive phonetically correlative etymological complexes, which regularly repeated in the languages of each family, with large bundles of interconnected elementary meanings and with a specific, still not noted complex system of structural variants of the root, the same for each etymological complex.","PeriodicalId":31949,"journal":{"name":"Macrolinguistics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46019927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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