Pub Date : 2021-09-02DOI: 10.1109/OPTIM-ACEMP50812.2021.9590064
F. Himmelstoss, Michael Jungmayer
starting from a topology consisting of a first and a second port, two inductors, two capacitors and two switches, eight DC/DC, two DC/AC, two AC/DC, and one AC/AC converters are constructed, which have a continuous input current. The basic function is explained and hints for design are given. Some simulation results are shown to verify the considerations.
{"title":"A Family of Modified Converters with Limited Duty Cycle","authors":"F. Himmelstoss, Michael Jungmayer","doi":"10.1109/OPTIM-ACEMP50812.2021.9590064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OPTIM-ACEMP50812.2021.9590064","url":null,"abstract":"starting from a topology consisting of a first and a second port, two inductors, two capacitors and two switches, eight DC/DC, two DC/AC, two AC/DC, and one AC/AC converters are constructed, which have a continuous input current. The basic function is explained and hints for design are given. Some simulation results are shown to verify the considerations.","PeriodicalId":32117,"journal":{"name":"Bioma","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77518444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-02DOI: 10.1109/OPTIM-ACEMP50812.2021.9590029
M. Calin, E. Helerea, L. Aciu
The photovoltaic systems present some risks related to their use in outdoor environment, the main being their susceptibility to lightning atmospheric discharges. The paper analyzes the changes of the electrical parameters of photovoltaic (PV) systems under direct and indirect lightning exposure. Experimental determinations are made with waveforms that simulate the indirect lightning surge, with the focus on the testing to lightning discharge of a PV test unit, disposed on a special mounting frame oriented in a manner that uses sunlight at any time of the day. A testing procedure to lightning surge on PV systems was implemented, that can be further extended to any other electrical systems, such as industrial lines, machine tools, robots.
{"title":"PV System Testing under Lightning Conditions","authors":"M. Calin, E. Helerea, L. Aciu","doi":"10.1109/OPTIM-ACEMP50812.2021.9590029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OPTIM-ACEMP50812.2021.9590029","url":null,"abstract":"The photovoltaic systems present some risks related to their use in outdoor environment, the main being their susceptibility to lightning atmospheric discharges. The paper analyzes the changes of the electrical parameters of photovoltaic (PV) systems under direct and indirect lightning exposure. Experimental determinations are made with waveforms that simulate the indirect lightning surge, with the focus on the testing to lightning discharge of a PV test unit, disposed on a special mounting frame oriented in a manner that uses sunlight at any time of the day. A testing procedure to lightning surge on PV systems was implemented, that can be further extended to any other electrical systems, such as industrial lines, machine tools, robots.","PeriodicalId":32117,"journal":{"name":"Bioma","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89754489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-02DOI: 10.1109/OPTIM-ACEMP50812.2021.9590040
Daniele Michieletto, N. Bianchi, M. Brunetti
Double three-phase winding is one of the best solutions to improve the fault tolerance of an electric motor which is required to work continuously even under partial fault conditions. Actually, this type of machines is often preferred to custom and expensive multiphase drives, since it can be obtained by dividing the stator winding into two subsets connected to two standard, independent inverters of half the same total power. In the event of a fault, one of the two subsets is simply disconnected and the motor can continue to operate at a reduced power or with some overload of the remaining three-phase system.
{"title":"Dual Three-phase Motor Fault Tolerance for Modern Transport","authors":"Daniele Michieletto, N. Bianchi, M. Brunetti","doi":"10.1109/OPTIM-ACEMP50812.2021.9590040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OPTIM-ACEMP50812.2021.9590040","url":null,"abstract":"Double three-phase winding is one of the best solutions to improve the fault tolerance of an electric motor which is required to work continuously even under partial fault conditions. Actually, this type of machines is often preferred to custom and expensive multiphase drives, since it can be obtained by dividing the stator winding into two subsets connected to two standard, independent inverters of half the same total power. In the event of a fault, one of the two subsets is simply disconnected and the motor can continue to operate at a reduced power or with some overload of the remaining three-phase system.","PeriodicalId":32117,"journal":{"name":"Bioma","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73420547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-02DOI: 10.1109/OPTIM-ACEMP50812.2021.9590011
J. Curély, J. Kliava
We examine double chains of spins 1/2 with Ising-like nearest-neighbor interactions showing magnetic frustrations that we define. The critical temperature of such systems is Tc = 0 K like for spin chains (1d systems). We recall the theoretical treatment which leads to the closed-form expression of the field-dependent partition function and the zero-field susceptibility. The study is restricted to low-temperature behaviors in the case of ferromagnetically coupled antiferromagnetic chains. We show that, if T > 0 K i.e., in the critical domain, for temperatures close to 0 K, the short-range order is conveniently described in the model of quasi-rigid quasi-independent blocks (the Kadanoff blocks) whose length is nothing but the correlation length of an isolated chain. This model, in particular, allows describing the experimental susceptibility of the compound VO(HPO4).H2O.
{"title":"Frustrated Antiferromagnetic Spin 1/2 Double Chains with Ising-like Nearest-Neighbour Interactions","authors":"J. Curély, J. Kliava","doi":"10.1109/OPTIM-ACEMP50812.2021.9590011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OPTIM-ACEMP50812.2021.9590011","url":null,"abstract":"We examine double chains of spins 1/2 with Ising-like nearest-neighbor interactions showing magnetic frustrations that we define. The critical temperature of such systems is Tc = 0 K like for spin chains (1d systems). We recall the theoretical treatment which leads to the closed-form expression of the field-dependent partition function and the zero-field susceptibility. The study is restricted to low-temperature behaviors in the case of ferromagnetically coupled antiferromagnetic chains. We show that, if T > 0 K i.e., in the critical domain, for temperatures close to 0 K, the short-range order is conveniently described in the model of quasi-rigid quasi-independent blocks (the Kadanoff blocks) whose length is nothing but the correlation length of an isolated chain. This model, in particular, allows describing the experimental susceptibility of the compound VO(HPO4).H2O.","PeriodicalId":32117,"journal":{"name":"Bioma","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79255798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-02DOI: 10.1109/OPTIM-ACEMP50812.2021.9590032
A. Lordoglu, M. O. Gulbahce, Derya Ahmet Kocabas, S. Dusmez
The variable switching frequency control of LLC converters makes the modeling and compensator design rather a difficult task. In this paper, an extended describing function modeling that can represent the beat frequency successfully has been examined in detail. The small signal model of the converter dynamics has been extracted for output current and voltage. Two compensators have been designed to close the loop for constant-current and constant-voltage operations considering main operating regions. The performances of the designed compensators have been verified under different load conditions. It has been shown that the designed controller successfully tracks the reference output current and voltage appropriately by adjusting the switching frequency.
{"title":"Extended Describing Function Modeling and Closed-Loop Control of LLC Converter in Battery Charging Applications","authors":"A. Lordoglu, M. O. Gulbahce, Derya Ahmet Kocabas, S. Dusmez","doi":"10.1109/OPTIM-ACEMP50812.2021.9590032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OPTIM-ACEMP50812.2021.9590032","url":null,"abstract":"The variable switching frequency control of LLC converters makes the modeling and compensator design rather a difficult task. In this paper, an extended describing function modeling that can represent the beat frequency successfully has been examined in detail. The small signal model of the converter dynamics has been extracted for output current and voltage. Two compensators have been designed to close the loop for constant-current and constant-voltage operations considering main operating regions. The performances of the designed compensators have been verified under different load conditions. It has been shown that the designed controller successfully tracks the reference output current and voltage appropriately by adjusting the switching frequency.","PeriodicalId":32117,"journal":{"name":"Bioma","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79993470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-02DOI: 10.1109/OPTIM-ACEMP50812.2021.9590083
L. Cinti, Daniele Michieletto, N. Bianchi, M. Bertoluzzo
This paper presents in detail the two dimensional Finite Element Analysis of a Hybrid Excitation Synchronous motor. In particular, this document deeply analyses and describes the main FE analysis for an Hybrid Excitation Permanent Magnet motor. Motor alignment, no-load and on-load procedures are presented considering the conditions of Maximum Torque per Amps (MTPA) and Flux weakening (FW) working points.
{"title":"Finite Element Procedure to Analyze Hybrid Excitation Synchronus Motors","authors":"L. Cinti, Daniele Michieletto, N. Bianchi, M. Bertoluzzo","doi":"10.1109/OPTIM-ACEMP50812.2021.9590083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OPTIM-ACEMP50812.2021.9590083","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents in detail the two dimensional Finite Element Analysis of a Hybrid Excitation Synchronous motor. In particular, this document deeply analyses and describes the main FE analysis for an Hybrid Excitation Permanent Magnet motor. Motor alignment, no-load and on-load procedures are presented considering the conditions of Maximum Torque per Amps (MTPA) and Flux weakening (FW) working points.","PeriodicalId":32117,"journal":{"name":"Bioma","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77830157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-02DOI: 10.1109/OPTIM-ACEMP50812.2021.9590080
D. Neacşu
This paper compares different solutions for implementation of the State-Space based Control of a DC/DC boost converter, without a current sensor. The control law is derived from the idea of considering two terms only: a "conventional PI" software control module and a "compensation" software module expressed as a 4-term sum-of-products (vector-dot-product). Each product comes from a pair of an offline pre-calculated constant and an operational measure, and would require inductor current information. Several options for current's estimation are discussed under this software arrangement and performance is extensively evaluated with MATLAB in comparison with a system having a current sensor. Numerous intimate design choices are explained along the way. This leads to a low-cost solution, with all the State-Space based based control benefits.
{"title":"Performance Evaluation of Various State-Space based Control Methods for DC/DC Converters without Inductor Current Sensor","authors":"D. Neacşu","doi":"10.1109/OPTIM-ACEMP50812.2021.9590080","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OPTIM-ACEMP50812.2021.9590080","url":null,"abstract":"This paper compares different solutions for implementation of the State-Space based Control of a DC/DC boost converter, without a current sensor. The control law is derived from the idea of considering two terms only: a \"conventional PI\" software control module and a \"compensation\" software module expressed as a 4-term sum-of-products (vector-dot-product). Each product comes from a pair of an offline pre-calculated constant and an operational measure, and would require inductor current information. Several options for current's estimation are discussed under this software arrangement and performance is extensively evaluated with MATLAB in comparison with a system having a current sensor. Numerous intimate design choices are explained along the way. This leads to a low-cost solution, with all the State-Space based based control benefits.","PeriodicalId":32117,"journal":{"name":"Bioma","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86560816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-02DOI: 10.1109/OPTIM-ACEMP50812.2021.9590025
B. Ulejczyk, Ł. Nogal, M. Młotek, K. Krawczyk
A dielectric barrier discharge, which was produced in a reactor a grooved electrode, was applied in the production of hydrogen from a mixture of water and ethanol. The influence of power on ethanol conversion, energy yield, gas composition and production of hydrogen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, methane, ethylene and acetylene was studied. The substrates in a liquid phase were fed to the reactor. The energy required for heating and vaporizing the substrates was 9 to 11 times greater than the energy consumed in the chemical reactions. The highest ethanol conversion was 54%. It was obtained for the power of 30 W, but the energy efficiency was 3.72 mol (H2)/kWh. In contrast, the highest energy efficiency was 4.41 mole of (H2)/kWh. It was obtained for the power of 20 W, but the ethanol conversion was 44%.
{"title":"Hydrogen Production from Ethanol in Dielectric Barrier Bischarge","authors":"B. Ulejczyk, Ł. Nogal, M. Młotek, K. Krawczyk","doi":"10.1109/OPTIM-ACEMP50812.2021.9590025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OPTIM-ACEMP50812.2021.9590025","url":null,"abstract":"A dielectric barrier discharge, which was produced in a reactor a grooved electrode, was applied in the production of hydrogen from a mixture of water and ethanol. The influence of power on ethanol conversion, energy yield, gas composition and production of hydrogen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, methane, ethylene and acetylene was studied. The substrates in a liquid phase were fed to the reactor. The energy required for heating and vaporizing the substrates was 9 to 11 times greater than the energy consumed in the chemical reactions. The highest ethanol conversion was 54%. It was obtained for the power of 30 W, but the energy efficiency was 3.72 mol (H2)/kWh. In contrast, the highest energy efficiency was 4.41 mole of (H2)/kWh. It was obtained for the power of 20 W, but the ethanol conversion was 44%.","PeriodicalId":32117,"journal":{"name":"Bioma","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87383409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-02DOI: 10.1109/OPTIM-ACEMP50812.2021.9590067
N. Arish, M. Kamper, Rong-Jie Wang
Permanent magnet Vernier machines are well suited for direct-drive industrial applications such as ship propulsion drives, because of their ability to generate high torque at low speeds. In this paper, a flux-barrier tapered-U-shaped permanent magnet Vernier (FBU-PMV) machine topology is proposed. This topology is compared with the spoke-array permanent magnet Vernier (SA-PMV) and the flux-barrier spoke-array permanent magnet (FBSA-PMV) machine topologies. The comparison is done in terms of back-EMF, PM flux, air-gap flux density, synchronous inductance, torque, and power factor, by employing finite element (FE) analysis for the same machine dimensions. It is shown that the proposed FBU-PMV machine topology competes reasonably well with the existing ones even with 25% less PM usage. In addition, the mechanical construction of this new topology also possesses certain advantages.
{"title":"Electromagnetic Analysis of Flux Barrier U-Shaped Permanent Magnet Vernier Motor","authors":"N. Arish, M. Kamper, Rong-Jie Wang","doi":"10.1109/OPTIM-ACEMP50812.2021.9590067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OPTIM-ACEMP50812.2021.9590067","url":null,"abstract":"Permanent magnet Vernier machines are well suited for direct-drive industrial applications such as ship propulsion drives, because of their ability to generate high torque at low speeds. In this paper, a flux-barrier tapered-U-shaped permanent magnet Vernier (FBU-PMV) machine topology is proposed. This topology is compared with the spoke-array permanent magnet Vernier (SA-PMV) and the flux-barrier spoke-array permanent magnet (FBSA-PMV) machine topologies. The comparison is done in terms of back-EMF, PM flux, air-gap flux density, synchronous inductance, torque, and power factor, by employing finite element (FE) analysis for the same machine dimensions. It is shown that the proposed FBU-PMV machine topology competes reasonably well with the existing ones even with 25% less PM usage. In addition, the mechanical construction of this new topology also possesses certain advantages.","PeriodicalId":32117,"journal":{"name":"Bioma","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85894458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-02DOI: 10.1109/OPTIM-ACEMP50812.2021.9590072
Mihai I. Florea
Gradient Methods with Memory store at runtime part of the oracle information obtained at previous iterations. This model allows them to outperform classical gradient methods in many situations. Solving the inner problem associated with the model does incur an overhead but, for unconstrained problems where the objective has a Lipschitz gradient, this overhead has been shown to be minimal. In this work we propose an accelerated gradient method with memory applicable to composite problems. In our method the model overhead remains negligible even for constrained problems with non-differentiable objectives. Although the inner problem cannot be solved exactly, we propose a model and choose the starting point of the inner optimization scheme in a way that prevents the accumulation of errors as the algorithm progresses. Moreover, our method dynamically adjusts the convergence guarantees to exceed those of the Fast Gradient Method. The theoretical predictions are confirmed numerically on an image deblurring problem.
{"title":"An efficient accelerated gradient method with memory applicable to composite problems","authors":"Mihai I. Florea","doi":"10.1109/OPTIM-ACEMP50812.2021.9590072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OPTIM-ACEMP50812.2021.9590072","url":null,"abstract":"Gradient Methods with Memory store at runtime part of the oracle information obtained at previous iterations. This model allows them to outperform classical gradient methods in many situations. Solving the inner problem associated with the model does incur an overhead but, for unconstrained problems where the objective has a Lipschitz gradient, this overhead has been shown to be minimal. In this work we propose an accelerated gradient method with memory applicable to composite problems. In our method the model overhead remains negligible even for constrained problems with non-differentiable objectives. Although the inner problem cannot be solved exactly, we propose a model and choose the starting point of the inner optimization scheme in a way that prevents the accumulation of errors as the algorithm progresses. Moreover, our method dynamically adjusts the convergence guarantees to exceed those of the Fast Gradient Method. The theoretical predictions are confirmed numerically on an image deblurring problem.","PeriodicalId":32117,"journal":{"name":"Bioma","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90060879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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