Pub Date : 2021-09-02DOI: 10.1109/OPTIM-ACEMP50812.2021.9590016
E. Liegmann, T. Schindler, P. Karamanakos, A. Dietz, R. Kennel
This paper presents two rapid control prototyping (RCP) use cases facilitated by the open-source platform UltraZohm. The openly available UltraZohm development framework eases the transition from simulation to the test bench. The framework offers the integration of automatic code generation for field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), either by using Simulink models based on the HDL Coder, or by synthesizing C++ code into VHDL via the Vivado high-level synthesis tool. The first use case focuses on the implementation details of an on-chip controller-in-the-loop setup, where a permanent magnet synchronous machine is emulated in the FPGA with a sampling frequency of 2 MHz. The second use case presents an efficient real-time implementation of the sphere decoding algorithm employed to solve the long-horizon finite control set model predictive control problem for a three-level neutral point clamped inverter driving an induction machine. Experimental results based on a small-scale prototype confirm that the algorithm can be executed in real time on the FPGA, with an execution time of a few tens of microseconds. Both use cases highlight the benefits of using a high-performance RCP platform for research in power electronics and their control.
{"title":"UltraZohm—An Open-Source Rapid Control Prototyping Platform for Power Electronic Systems","authors":"E. Liegmann, T. Schindler, P. Karamanakos, A. Dietz, R. Kennel","doi":"10.1109/OPTIM-ACEMP50812.2021.9590016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OPTIM-ACEMP50812.2021.9590016","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents two rapid control prototyping (RCP) use cases facilitated by the open-source platform UltraZohm. The openly available UltraZohm development framework eases the transition from simulation to the test bench. The framework offers the integration of automatic code generation for field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), either by using Simulink models based on the HDL Coder, or by synthesizing C++ code into VHDL via the Vivado high-level synthesis tool. The first use case focuses on the implementation details of an on-chip controller-in-the-loop setup, where a permanent magnet synchronous machine is emulated in the FPGA with a sampling frequency of 2 MHz. The second use case presents an efficient real-time implementation of the sphere decoding algorithm employed to solve the long-horizon finite control set model predictive control problem for a three-level neutral point clamped inverter driving an induction machine. Experimental results based on a small-scale prototype confirm that the algorithm can be executed in real time on the FPGA, with an execution time of a few tens of microseconds. Both use cases highlight the benefits of using a high-performance RCP platform for research in power electronics and their control.","PeriodicalId":32117,"journal":{"name":"Bioma","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89067131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-02DOI: 10.1109/OPTIM-ACEMP50812.2021.9590012
C. Ciontea, F. Iov
Scott transformers are a class of equipment that converts three-phase power into two-phase, four-phase and even three-phase power and vice versa. This paper investigates how voltage sags originating from the main three-phase network propagate through these transformers and aims to complement the existing literature on the effect of ordinary transformers on the propagation of voltage sags. The paper also includes an overview of three-phase voltage sags and their classification, as well as some technical details of Scott transformers. The results are presented using the example of a voltage sag with certain characteristics, but the proposed methodology of investigation can be applied to any generic voltage sag and, by extension, to any under-voltage event.
{"title":"Propagation of Voltage Sags and Under-voltages through Scott Transformers","authors":"C. Ciontea, F. Iov","doi":"10.1109/OPTIM-ACEMP50812.2021.9590012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OPTIM-ACEMP50812.2021.9590012","url":null,"abstract":"Scott transformers are a class of equipment that converts three-phase power into two-phase, four-phase and even three-phase power and vice versa. This paper investigates how voltage sags originating from the main three-phase network propagate through these transformers and aims to complement the existing literature on the effect of ordinary transformers on the propagation of voltage sags. The paper also includes an overview of three-phase voltage sags and their classification, as well as some technical details of Scott transformers. The results are presented using the example of a voltage sag with certain characteristics, but the proposed methodology of investigation can be applied to any generic voltage sag and, by extension, to any under-voltage event.","PeriodicalId":32117,"journal":{"name":"Bioma","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90872078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-02DOI: 10.1109/OPTIM-ACEMP50812.2021.9590019
Mihaela-Codruta Ancuti, A. Isfanuti, G. Andreescu, L. Tutelea, I. Boldea
In this paper, two encoderless control systems are comparatively presented working at ultra-low speeds. A novel referencing position encoderless control of PM-RSM drives is proposed, based on active flux observer, without using signal injection. To improve the drive dynamics, for the position and speed estimator a phase-locked loop mechanical tracking observer was developed. The referencing speed encoderless control, used for comparison, is also based on an active flux observer. Extensive comparative simulation results with good performances at ultra-low speed validate the proposed position encoderless control system. Therefore, the effectiveness of the proposed referencing position encoderless control is confirmed.
{"title":"Referencing position versus speed active flux based encoderless control of PM-RSM drives at ultra-low speeds without signal injection","authors":"Mihaela-Codruta Ancuti, A. Isfanuti, G. Andreescu, L. Tutelea, I. Boldea","doi":"10.1109/OPTIM-ACEMP50812.2021.9590019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OPTIM-ACEMP50812.2021.9590019","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, two encoderless control systems are comparatively presented working at ultra-low speeds. A novel referencing position encoderless control of PM-RSM drives is proposed, based on active flux observer, without using signal injection. To improve the drive dynamics, for the position and speed estimator a phase-locked loop mechanical tracking observer was developed. The referencing speed encoderless control, used for comparison, is also based on an active flux observer. Extensive comparative simulation results with good performances at ultra-low speed validate the proposed position encoderless control system. Therefore, the effectiveness of the proposed referencing position encoderless control is confirmed.","PeriodicalId":32117,"journal":{"name":"Bioma","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76884576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-02DOI: 10.1109/OPTIM-ACEMP50812.2021.9590018
Dan Butnicu, A. Cracan, D. Neacşu
Using a buck converter to regulate voltage, PoL DC-DC converters involve an inherent switching action via switching frequency fsw. The value of the switching frequency can influence the entire performance of the converter and this justifies the importance of this study. This paper is analyzing the influence of switching frequency on the reliability of the DC-DC PoL converter. This is demonstrated in terms of efficiency, thermal response, and ripple. In addition, several bench test results are shown for a switching frequency variation in a range of 50 kHz to 500 kHz, using a discrete SiMOSFET based PoL synchronous buck converter evaluation board. The switching loss in power devices, as well as the driver loss, are directly influenced by the switching frequency. The reliability calculation is based on the temperature of the device when the converter is working on a common load. A thermal scanning of the MOSFET surface is herein based on infrared photography. A modern prediction standard, like IEC-TR-62380, takes into account the concept of mission profile and it has been used to deliver information about the reliability of the converter as close as possible to reality.
PoL - DC-DC变换器采用降压变换器调节电压，通过开关频率fsw实现固有的开关动作。开关频率的取值会影响变换器的整体性能，这证明了本研究的重要性。本文分析了开关频率对DC-DC变换器可靠性的影响。这在效率、热响应和波纹方面得到了证明。此外，使用基于离散simmosfet的PoL同步降压转换器评估板，显示了在50 kHz至500 kHz范围内开关频率变化的几个台架测试结果。开关频率直接影响功率器件的开关损耗和驱动器损耗。可靠性计算是基于变换器在普通负载上工作时设备的温度。本文基于红外摄影技术对MOSFET表面进行热扫描。现代预测标准，如IEC-TR-62380，考虑到任务轮廓的概念，并已被用于提供有关变流器可靠性的信息，尽可能接近现实。
{"title":"A Study of Switching Frequency Impact on Reliability of DC-DC PoL Converters with Discrete Transistors","authors":"Dan Butnicu, A. Cracan, D. Neacşu","doi":"10.1109/OPTIM-ACEMP50812.2021.9590018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OPTIM-ACEMP50812.2021.9590018","url":null,"abstract":"Using a buck converter to regulate voltage, PoL DC-DC converters involve an inherent switching action via switching frequency fsw. The value of the switching frequency can influence the entire performance of the converter and this justifies the importance of this study. This paper is analyzing the influence of switching frequency on the reliability of the DC-DC PoL converter. This is demonstrated in terms of efficiency, thermal response, and ripple. In addition, several bench test results are shown for a switching frequency variation in a range of 50 kHz to 500 kHz, using a discrete SiMOSFET based PoL synchronous buck converter evaluation board. The switching loss in power devices, as well as the driver loss, are directly influenced by the switching frequency. The reliability calculation is based on the temperature of the device when the converter is working on a common load. A thermal scanning of the MOSFET surface is herein based on infrared photography. A modern prediction standard, like IEC-TR-62380, takes into account the concept of mission profile and it has been used to deliver information about the reliability of the converter as close as possible to reality.","PeriodicalId":32117,"journal":{"name":"Bioma","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89887005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-02DOI: 10.1109/OPTIM-ACEMP50812.2021.9590041
G. Gontijo, T. Kerekes, R. Teodorescu
Lately, many high-power electrical applications are emerging to keep up with the fast growth of the modern industry. Proper power-electronic converters are required to drive these systems. The modular multilevel converter is the state-of-the-art solution for high-voltage applications that require a DC stage and that operate with a fixed frequency at their AC terminals. This converter topology can reach high voltage levels while operating with high power quality, high reliability and low switching frequency. The modular multilevel converter, however, presents some drawbacks such as its intolerably high submodule-capacitor voltage ripple at low frequencies and its high component count. Thus, many different converter topologies have been proposed in the literature as alternatives for high-power medium-voltage AC-AC applications, especially applications that operate at very low frequencies such as machine drives. These converter topologies present their own drawbacks and, thus, finding new converter solutions for high-power machine drives is still a topic with high research interest. In this paper, the operational characteristics and challenges of a new converter topology are presented and discussed. The proposed converter presents advantageous characteristics in comparison to other alternative topologies, indicating that it could be a suitable option to drive high-power medium-voltage electrical machines.
{"title":"Operational Advantages and Challenges of New AC-AC Converter Solution with Modular Multilevel Structure Suitable for High-Power Medium-Voltage Electrical Machine Drives","authors":"G. Gontijo, T. Kerekes, R. Teodorescu","doi":"10.1109/OPTIM-ACEMP50812.2021.9590041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OPTIM-ACEMP50812.2021.9590041","url":null,"abstract":"Lately, many high-power electrical applications are emerging to keep up with the fast growth of the modern industry. Proper power-electronic converters are required to drive these systems. The modular multilevel converter is the state-of-the-art solution for high-voltage applications that require a DC stage and that operate with a fixed frequency at their AC terminals. This converter topology can reach high voltage levels while operating with high power quality, high reliability and low switching frequency. The modular multilevel converter, however, presents some drawbacks such as its intolerably high submodule-capacitor voltage ripple at low frequencies and its high component count. Thus, many different converter topologies have been proposed in the literature as alternatives for high-power medium-voltage AC-AC applications, especially applications that operate at very low frequencies such as machine drives. These converter topologies present their own drawbacks and, thus, finding new converter solutions for high-power machine drives is still a topic with high research interest. In this paper, the operational characteristics and challenges of a new converter topology are presented and discussed. The proposed converter presents advantageous characteristics in comparison to other alternative topologies, indicating that it could be a suitable option to drive high-power medium-voltage electrical machines.","PeriodicalId":32117,"journal":{"name":"Bioma","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73334029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-02DOI: 10.1109/OPTIM-ACEMP50812.2021.9590027
M. Mabhula, M. Kamper
A brief evaluation of the behavior of a non-classical DC-excited reluctance synchronous machine parameters operating as a synchronous condenser is presented in this paper. The evaluation involves fault analysis of the machine under 3-phase short-circuit using the proposed accurate transient simulation methods. The transient current and reactance parameters are calculated under absorbing and generating reactive power operating conditions of the synchronous condenser. These parameters are compared under normal and fault conditions in which observations are used to explain how the machine provides grid strength under fault conditions.
{"title":"Transient Fault Parameters of DC-Excited Vernier Reluctance Synchronous Condenser","authors":"M. Mabhula, M. Kamper","doi":"10.1109/OPTIM-ACEMP50812.2021.9590027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OPTIM-ACEMP50812.2021.9590027","url":null,"abstract":"A brief evaluation of the behavior of a non-classical DC-excited reluctance synchronous machine parameters operating as a synchronous condenser is presented in this paper. The evaluation involves fault analysis of the machine under 3-phase short-circuit using the proposed accurate transient simulation methods. The transient current and reactance parameters are calculated under absorbing and generating reactive power operating conditions of the synchronous condenser. These parameters are compared under normal and fault conditions in which observations are used to explain how the machine provides grid strength under fault conditions.","PeriodicalId":32117,"journal":{"name":"Bioma","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74667442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-02DOI: 10.1109/OPTIM-ACEMP50812.2021.9590068
Mykhaylo Zagrinyak, Serhii Husach, R. Yatsiuk, D. Mamchur
In this paper it was analyzed modern ways for induction motors predictive maintenance basing on electrical signals analysis. It was proposed to provide IM monitoring system, which collects motor electrical signals and recalculates motor remaining lifetime basing on its current condition. To get more accurate information, monitoring system also implements IM diagnostic algorithms described in previous works of the authors. Another main result is possibility to improve IM performance introducing modified control algorithm for faulty IM. This algorithm based on introduction developed neural network to FOC IM algorithm, and aims to compensate variable component of electrical signals which appears due to fault progress. Such approach allows one to ensure safe and reliable IM operation, however with decreased possible load level comparing to its rated value. Finally, it was developed specialized software for IM monitoring system, which allows one to control current value of the motor remaining lifetime, depending on its real conditions, and provides recommendation for motor further exploitation or maintenance basing on its real condition.
{"title":"Induction Motors Prediction Maintenance and Lifetime Estimation","authors":"Mykhaylo Zagrinyak, Serhii Husach, R. Yatsiuk, D. Mamchur","doi":"10.1109/OPTIM-ACEMP50812.2021.9590068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OPTIM-ACEMP50812.2021.9590068","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper it was analyzed modern ways for induction motors predictive maintenance basing on electrical signals analysis. It was proposed to provide IM monitoring system, which collects motor electrical signals and recalculates motor remaining lifetime basing on its current condition. To get more accurate information, monitoring system also implements IM diagnostic algorithms described in previous works of the authors. Another main result is possibility to improve IM performance introducing modified control algorithm for faulty IM. This algorithm based on introduction developed neural network to FOC IM algorithm, and aims to compensate variable component of electrical signals which appears due to fault progress. Such approach allows one to ensure safe and reliable IM operation, however with decreased possible load level comparing to its rated value. Finally, it was developed specialized software for IM monitoring system, which allows one to control current value of the motor remaining lifetime, depending on its real conditions, and provides recommendation for motor further exploitation or maintenance basing on its real condition.","PeriodicalId":32117,"journal":{"name":"Bioma","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74935854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-02DOI: 10.1109/OPTIM-ACEMP50812.2021.9590015
G. D. Petropol Serb, Ion Petropol Serb
The paper is proposing a learning strategy focused to convert a classical laboratory activity into an immersive learning experience which could be easily used even in a distance learning approach. The subject is debated in two steps: a pedagogical one and a technical one. The scope of technical approach is to propose to the students an experimental situation and use the results to calculate the leakage reactance of a synchronous machine. Regarding the pedagogical approach, after a short review of the literature, the flipped learning was proposed to be implemented as a pedagogical method to update the classical lab topics. In accordance with learning efficiency pyramid, the technical content of the basic lab was improved with videos, models and simulations and organized for an online learning as a tool of distance learning. All these new materials were made in an original manner and used in a learning scenario. The research is actual and have a positive impact in solving the problem of passing to a digital education.
{"title":"A New Pedagogical Approach of An Experimental Study Aimed to Calculate the Leakage Reactance of a Synchronous Machine","authors":"G. D. Petropol Serb, Ion Petropol Serb","doi":"10.1109/OPTIM-ACEMP50812.2021.9590015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OPTIM-ACEMP50812.2021.9590015","url":null,"abstract":"The paper is proposing a learning strategy focused to convert a classical laboratory activity into an immersive learning experience which could be easily used even in a distance learning approach. The subject is debated in two steps: a pedagogical one and a technical one. The scope of technical approach is to propose to the students an experimental situation and use the results to calculate the leakage reactance of a synchronous machine. Regarding the pedagogical approach, after a short review of the literature, the flipped learning was proposed to be implemented as a pedagogical method to update the classical lab topics. In accordance with learning efficiency pyramid, the technical content of the basic lab was improved with videos, models and simulations and organized for an online learning as a tool of distance learning. All these new materials were made in an original manner and used in a learning scenario. The research is actual and have a positive impact in solving the problem of passing to a digital education.","PeriodicalId":32117,"journal":{"name":"Bioma","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74052125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-02DOI: 10.1109/OPTIM-ACEMP50812.2021.9590037
M. Guneser, Adel Ridha Othman
Electric vehicle’s (EV) performance has been enhanced to solve the energy depletion and environmental problems. The EV mechanical brake system utilizes friction energy of the rotating wheels into heat which is dissipated by the mechanical parts of the braking system and that causes an increment of the temperature and wearing of these parts which may affect the reliability of the braking system. To eliminate or reduce the frequent using of mechanical brake, a regenerative braking energy is fed from the driver motor back as a charging current into the battery during the braking state. In case of the battery is already fully charged the regenerative energy is useless and dissipated in a resistive load as heat. In this paper a simulation model in MATLAB/Simulink is designed for the application of DC motor in an EV in a regenerative mode to feed an eddy current brake (ECB) system in case of a fully charged battery. The advantage of using ECB system is studied in terms of improvement of performance of EV and braking efficiency. The results show that the ECB is effective in stopping the proposed model of the EV.
{"title":"Enhancement of Regenerative Power Utilization for Electric Vehicle by Using Eddy Current Brake","authors":"M. Guneser, Adel Ridha Othman","doi":"10.1109/OPTIM-ACEMP50812.2021.9590037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OPTIM-ACEMP50812.2021.9590037","url":null,"abstract":"Electric vehicle’s (EV) performance has been enhanced to solve the energy depletion and environmental problems. The EV mechanical brake system utilizes friction energy of the rotating wheels into heat which is dissipated by the mechanical parts of the braking system and that causes an increment of the temperature and wearing of these parts which may affect the reliability of the braking system. To eliminate or reduce the frequent using of mechanical brake, a regenerative braking energy is fed from the driver motor back as a charging current into the battery during the braking state. In case of the battery is already fully charged the regenerative energy is useless and dissipated in a resistive load as heat. In this paper a simulation model in MATLAB/Simulink is designed for the application of DC motor in an EV in a regenerative mode to feed an eddy current brake (ECB) system in case of a fully charged battery. The advantage of using ECB system is studied in terms of improvement of performance of EV and braking efficiency. The results show that the ECB is effective in stopping the proposed model of the EV.","PeriodicalId":32117,"journal":{"name":"Bioma","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81436320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-02DOI: 10.1109/OPTIM-ACEMP50812.2021.9590013
B. Hnatiuc, S. Sintea, M. Hnatiuc, F. Nicolescu
The evolution during the last decade of electronics has led to minimizing the volume of components such as sensors, switches, microcontrollers or digital signal processors. As consequence, it was possible to integrate these components that operate at very low currents in the miniaturized structure of electrical measuring, control or switching devices with nominal currents of tens or hundreds of amps. However, the existence of microcontrollers able of processing complex functions is outstanding in the case of the electronic trigger units integrated in automatic circuit breakers or of the arc fault detection devices.Arc fault detection devices can detect and disconnect any electric arc fault in a single-phase electrical circuit. This makes them indispensable in facilities that supply critical consumers such as hospitals, clinics, schools, etc. This paper proposes an electrical circuit that associates an AFDD with a GSM type device and an Arduino board. By programming the microcontroller from this board, it is avoided any fire having electrical causes by disconnecting the consumer from the power supply, it is started an audible alarm and the authorities of emergency situations are informed by SMS about the fault and its position.The proposed electrical circuits refer to both single-phase electrical circuits and three-phase electrical circuits.
{"title":"Electric diagram with AFDD for monitoring and protection of critical consumers","authors":"B. Hnatiuc, S. Sintea, M. Hnatiuc, F. Nicolescu","doi":"10.1109/OPTIM-ACEMP50812.2021.9590013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OPTIM-ACEMP50812.2021.9590013","url":null,"abstract":"The evolution during the last decade of electronics has led to minimizing the volume of components such as sensors, switches, microcontrollers or digital signal processors. As consequence, it was possible to integrate these components that operate at very low currents in the miniaturized structure of electrical measuring, control or switching devices with nominal currents of tens or hundreds of amps. However, the existence of microcontrollers able of processing complex functions is outstanding in the case of the electronic trigger units integrated in automatic circuit breakers or of the arc fault detection devices.Arc fault detection devices can detect and disconnect any electric arc fault in a single-phase electrical circuit. This makes them indispensable in facilities that supply critical consumers such as hospitals, clinics, schools, etc. This paper proposes an electrical circuit that associates an AFDD with a GSM type device and an Arduino board. By programming the microcontroller from this board, it is avoided any fire having electrical causes by disconnecting the consumer from the power supply, it is started an audible alarm and the authorities of emergency situations are informed by SMS about the fault and its position.The proposed electrical circuits refer to both single-phase electrical circuits and three-phase electrical circuits.","PeriodicalId":32117,"journal":{"name":"Bioma","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79145981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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