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Social Stigma and Discrimination: HIV/AIDS 社会耻辱和歧视:艾滋病毒/艾滋病
Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.56397/jrssh.2023.07.01
Vinod Kumar
HIV-related stigma and discrimination refers to prejudice, negative attitudes and abuse directed at people living with HIV and AIDS. In 35% of countries with available data, over 50% of people report having discriminatory attitudes towards people living with HIV. Stigma and discrimination also make people vulnerable to HIV. Those most at risk to HIV (key affected populations) continue to face stigma and discrimination based on their actual or perceived health status, race, socioeconomic status, age, sex, sexual orientation or gender identity or other grounds. In the present research paper discuss the ways of Social Stigma & Discrimination HIV/AIDS and also analysis how we can reduce social stigma & discrimination against HIV/AIDS.
与艾滋病毒有关的耻辱和歧视是指针对艾滋病毒和艾滋病患者的偏见、消极态度和虐待。在35%有数据的国家中,超过50%的人报告对艾滋病毒感染者持歧视态度。污名化和歧视也使人们容易感染艾滋病毒。感染艾滋病毒风险最高的人(主要受影响人群)继续因其实际或认为的健康状况、种族、社会经济地位、年龄、性别、性取向或性别认同或其他理由而面临耻辱和歧视。本文讨论了社会对艾滋病的污名和歧视的途径,并分析了如何减少社会对艾滋病的污名和歧视。
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引用次数: 0
The Role of Student Party Branches in Promoting Scientific Research Innovation: A Case Study of the Fifth Party Branch at the School of Automotive Engineering, Shandong Jiaotong University 学生党支部在推动科研创新中的作用——以山东交通大学汽车工程学院第五党支部为例
Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.56397/jrssh.2023.07.03
Ru-gui Chen
“The strength of a country is due to its people, and the success of talents comes from learning.” As an important educational platform, universities shoulder the fundamental task of cultivating morality and talents, and also have important responsibilities for talent cultivation and scientific research. Currently, cultivating the scientific research and innovation ability of college students is a national requirement of China and an inevitable requirement for the sustainable development of society in the future. University student Party branches are the main battlefield for theoretical innovation and practice of grassroots Party building. They seek new fulcrums in Party building work, combine Party building work with student academic technology, make Party building achievements “visible and tangible” in students’ learning and life, implement scientific research and education, and strive to “revitalize” the research and innovation capabilities of student Party branches in order to assist in talent cultivation in schools.
“一个国家的强大源于它的人民,人才的成功来自学习。”大学作为重要的教育平台,肩负着育德育才的根本任务,同时也承担着人才培养和科学研究的重要责任。当前,培养大学生的科研创新能力是中国的国家要求,也是未来社会可持续发展的必然要求。高校学生党支部是基层党建理论创新和实践的主战场。在党建工作中寻找新的支点,将党建工作与学生学术技术相结合,使党建成果“看得见、摸得着”在学生的学习和生活中,实施科学研究和教育,努力“振兴”学生党支部的研究创新能力,助力学校人才培养。
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引用次数: 0
Creative Treason in the English Translation of Confucian Classics in Xi Jinping: The Governance of China III
Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.56397/jrssh.2023.07.06
Wenli Zhang
Xi Jinping: The Governance of China III contains a lot of Chinese traditional references, especially the references to Confucian classics. Studying its translation strategy helps to grasp the basic principles of China’s foreign publicity translation in the new era, and provide important enlightenment for the translation of Chinese culture. It is found that the translation strategy of the Confucian classics Xi Jinping: The Governance of China III is that domestication predominates over foreignization. Some kinds of creative treason are found in the translation of Confucian classics quoted in this book from four aspects, namely, the creative treason of form, structure, cultural image and set phrase. Finally, the enlightenment on the translation of Chinese culture is summarized from the perspective of translator, translation strategy and the means of spreading, in order to make Chinese culture go out into the world more effectively.
研究其翻译策略,有助于把握新时期中国对外宣传翻译的基本原则,并为中国文化的翻译提供重要启示。从形式创造性叛逆、结构创造性叛逆、文化意象创造性叛逆和定语创造性叛逆四个方面分析了该书所引儒家经典翻译中的创造性叛逆。最后,从译者、翻译策略和传播手段三个方面总结了对中国文化翻译的启示,以期使中国文化更有效地走向世界。
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引用次数: 3
Internalizing Islamic Moderation Through Education in Pesantrens 通过教育在Pesantrens内化伊斯兰温和
Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.56397/jrssh.2023.07.04
Iffatin Nur, Haniefa Nuruddienil Fithriy, Munardji Munardji, R. Puspitasari
Moderation is the basic character of Islamic religious teachings that make them adaptable to the context of the times. However, the rise of acts of terrorism and violence in Indonesia is concrete evidence of how low the understanding and appreciation of Islamic moderation values is. For this reason, the presence of educational institutions which are capable to transform and internalize moderate values to young generations’ personalities is required. In this case, Islamic boarding-schools (commonly known as pesantren in Indonesia) are considered to have more credits compared to ordinary Islamic schools (madrasa) or non-boarding schools alike. This study is library research analyzing the role of pesantren in instilling moderate characters to their students through education in the mission of realizing moderate religiosity in Indonesian community. The findings show that dissemination and internalization of Islamic teaching values during the education process which are coupled with good examples practiced by figures of eductors in pesantrens become the most effective way in spreading the moderate values and practices of Islamic teachings.
适度是伊斯兰教教义的基本特征,使其适应时代的背景。然而,印度尼西亚恐怖主义和暴力行为的增加是对伊斯兰温和价值观的理解和欣赏程度有多低的具体证据。因此,需要有能够将适度的价值观转化并内化到年轻一代个性中的教育机构。在这种情况下,伊斯兰寄宿学校(在印度尼西亚通常被称为pesantren)被认为比普通伊斯兰学校(madrasa)或非寄宿学校有更多的学分。本研究以图书馆研究的方式,分析传教士在印尼社区实现温和宗教信仰的使命中,透过教育向学生灌输温和品格所扮演的角色。研究结果表明,在教育过程中传播和内化伊斯兰教学价值观,再加上教育工作者在课堂上实践的良好榜样,成为传播伊斯兰教温和价值观和实践的最有效途径。
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引用次数: 0
Research on the Application of Blue and White Porcelain Patterns in Modern Womenswear Design 青花瓷图案在现代女装设计中的应用研究
Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.56397/jrssh.2023.07.05
Ge Tan
The application of blue and white porcelain patterns has made traditional Chinese culture known to a growing number of foreigners. Modern fashion design has become more diversified in styles, colors and silhouettes. Increasing numbers of designers at home and abroad are drawing design inspiration from traditional Chinese culture for haute couture and ready-to-wear design.
青花瓷图案的应用使中国传统文化为越来越多的外国人所知。现代服装设计在风格、色彩和轮廓上变得更加多样化。越来越多的国内外设计师从中国传统文化中汲取设计灵感,进行高级定制和成衣设计。
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引用次数: 0
The Analysis on the Moral Education of Illustrations in Chinese Textbooks 语文教材插图的道德教育探析
Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.56397/jrssh.2023.06.03
Yong Liu, Lin Liu, Tao Wang, Yanxia Liu
Compared with other textbooks, Chinese textbooks is of incomparable importance and great influence. The illustrations in the Chinese textbooks embody the orientation of moral education, such as national traditional culture, encouraging diligence and being kind to others. Exploring the path of moral education of illustrations in Chinese textbooks is helpful to carry out the task of setting up morality and cultivating people. It is also helpful to enrich the study of moral education in Chinese textbooks, giving full play to the function of moral education in Chinese textbooks and promoting students to form a scientific concept of moral education.
与其他教科书相比,语文教科书具有无可比拟的重要性和巨大的影响。语文教材中的插图体现了民族传统文化、鼓励勤奋、与人为善等德育取向。探索语文教材插图德育的路径,有助于实现立德育人的任务。也有助于丰富语文教材德育研究,充分发挥语文教材德育功能,促进学生形成科学的德育观念。
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引用次数: 0
On the Colonial Expansion of Tsarist Russia and the Railway Construction in Eastern Province of China 论沙俄的殖民扩张与中国东部省份的铁路建设
Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.56397/jrssh.2023.06.06
Hong Xiao
At the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century, Tsarist Russia built a wide-gauge railway that crossed northeast China. The Railway in Eastern province of China, its arteries start from Manzhouli in the west, passes through Harbin in the middle and reaches Suifenhe in the east, and it is connected with the Russian Rear Baikal Railway and the South Wusuli Railway in the end. Later, Russia obtained the right to build the southern line of the railway through the Renewal Contract, thus forming the trend of connecting Europe and Asia. After the opening of the railway, Northeast China was forced to open passively in the shock of the steam-powered locomotive in which capitalism was established. Although the Railway in Eastern province of China has the legal basis of the Contract of Jointly running Eastern Province Railway Company, there are various unequal treaties in political, economic, military, social, cultural and other fields derived from it, all at the expense of China’s interests. In fact, it was the Russian who took the lead in the struggle for the interests of the world capitalist powers in our northeast. Starting with the Contract for the Joint operation of Eastern Province Railway Company, the Russians are able to misinterpret it arbitrarily. If they cannot explain it, they will show their strength by actual control, or regain their interests under various names such as “renewal” and “supplement”. This fully reflects that many texts on Sino-Russian relations around the railway in Eastern province of China basically follow the “law of the jungle”.
19世纪末20世纪初,沙俄修建了一条横贯中国东北的宽轨铁路。中国东部铁路,其大动脉西起满洲里,中经哈尔滨,东至绥芬河,最后与俄罗斯后贝加尔湖铁路和南乌苏里铁路相连。后来,俄罗斯通过续订合同获得了修建铁路南线的权利,从而形成了连接欧亚的趋势。铁路开通后,东北在资本主义赖以建立的蒸汽机车的冲击下被迫被动开放。中国东部省铁路虽然有《联合经营东部省铁路公司合同》这一法律依据,但由此衍生出政治、经济、军事、社会、文化等各方面的各种不平等条约,都是以牺牲中国利益为代价的。实际上,是俄国人带头在我国东北为世界资本主义列强的利益而斗争。从东部省铁路公司联合经营合同开始,俄罗斯人就可以任意曲解。如果无法解释,他们就会通过实际控制来显示自己的实力,或者以“更新”、“补充”等各种名义重新获得自己的利益。这充分反映了围绕中国东部省份铁路的许多中俄关系文本基本遵循“弱肉强食”的原则。
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引用次数: 0
Widowhood and Coping Strategies Used by Widows in Kisumu East Sub County, Kisumu County, Kenya 肯尼亚基苏木县基苏木东分县寡妇的守寡及其应对策略
Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.56397/jrssh.2023.06.04
Mudis Pamela Akinyi
Losing a life partner can be an overwhelming and traumatic life event which forces the remaining spouse to cope not only with the painful loss but also with their new widowhood status. This study seeks to establish the coping strategies used by widows in Kisumu East Sub County, Kisumu County, Kenya. A mixed method research design was used in the study. The target population consisted of widows in Kisumu East Sub County, Kisumu County, Kenya. The sampling technique used was purposive in nature. This technique was used to get a sample of 50 widows in Kisumu East Sub County. The instruments used for data collection were questionnaires and focus group discussion. Thematic analysis and descriptive statistics were employed in data analysis, Reliability and validity check of the instruments was done to attest the degree to which items measured the indicators for which they were designed. The findings of the study show that widows in Kisumu East subcounty use both adaptive and maladaptive coping strategies to cope with widowhood stress. Adaptive coping strategies used by widows were: counseling, social support networks, engaging in business, church activities, keeping significant memoirs of the deceased while maladaptive coping strategies included denial, sex, withdrawal, and substance use. The study recommends that widows should use adaptive coping strategies to cope with widowhood. Additionally, widows should be given enough platforms, space and support in the society to share their experiences as this enhances their general wellbeing. The study also recommends that widows should be empowered on self-awareness and assertive skills to help in building their self-esteem.
失去生活伴侣可能是一件令人难以承受的创伤性生活事件,它迫使剩下的配偶不仅要面对痛苦的损失,还要面对他们新的寡妇身份。本研究旨在确定肯尼亚基苏木县基苏木东分县寡妇使用的应对策略。本研究采用混合方法研究设计。目标人群包括肯尼亚基苏木县基苏木东分县的寡妇。所使用的抽样技术本质上是有目的的。该技术被用于在基苏木东小县获得50名寡妇的样本。数据收集使用的工具是问卷调查和焦点小组讨论。数据分析采用了专题分析和描述性统计,对工具进行了可靠性和有效性检查,以证明项目在多大程度上衡量了它们所设计的指标。研究结果表明,基苏木东郊县的丧偶妇女采用适应性和非适应性两种应对策略来应对丧偶压力。寡妇使用的适应性应对策略包括:咨询、社会支持网络、参与商业活动、教堂活动、保留死者的重要回忆录,而适应性不良的应对策略包括否认、性行为、戒断和药物使用。该研究建议寡妇应该使用适应性应对策略来应对守寡。此外,丧偶妇女应在社会上获得足够的平台、空间和支持,以分享她们的经历,因为这可以提高她们的总体福祉。该研究还建议,寡妇应该被赋予自我意识和自信的技能,以帮助建立她们的自尊。
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引用次数: 0
The Economics of Suicide: Evidence from LMICs and HICs 自杀经济学:来自中低收入国家和高收入国家的证据
Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.56397/jrssh.2023.06.02
Goran Miladinov
Suicide is an important global public health concern. This paper deals with the topic of suicide from an economic perspective. Thus, the study analyses the effect of key economic indicators on the suicide rate in low-and middle-income countries (LMICs) and high-income countries (HICs). The empirical analysis is made by employing the search variable selection method and using two algorithms: AutoGets and Swapwise. The data source for our dependent variable and other search variables is the World Bank development indicators database. The time series for the LMICs and HICs extends from 2000 to 2019. The most influential effect on the suicide rate in LMICs has shown to be female unemployment and per capita health expenditure. Female unemployment appeared to be the key economic indicator for the changes in the suicide rate in HICs. Besides, male unemployment, per capita health expenditure as well as old-age dependency ratio were also found to be influential indicators for the changes in suicide rate in HICs. The empirical results confirm the presence of a strong inverse relationship between the suicide rate and the influential economic variables in LMICs. In regards to the link between suicide rate and the influential economic variables in HICs, mostly it was found a positive relationship, except for the old-age dependency ratio. The findings reflect a need for formulating effective suicide prevention strategies and policies that could better hand out with extreme financial agonies at an individual level.
自杀是一个重要的全球公共卫生问题。本文从经济学的角度探讨自杀问题。因此,本研究分析了主要经济指标对中低收入国家(LMICs)和高收入国家(HICs)自杀率的影响。采用搜索变量选择法,采用autots和Swapwise两种算法进行实证分析。我们的因变量和其他搜索变量的数据来源是世界银行发展指标数据库。中低收入国家和高收入国家的时间序列从2000年延伸至2019年。对中低收入国家自杀率影响最大的因素是女性失业和人均保健支出。女性失业率似乎是高收入国家自杀率变化的关键经济指标。此外,男性失业率、人均医疗支出和老年抚养比也被发现是影响高收入国家自杀率变化的指标。实证结果证实,中低收入国家的自杀率与有影响的经济变量之间存在很强的负相关关系。对于高收入人群自杀率与影响经济变量的关系,除老年抚养比外,其余均为正相关。研究结果反映了制定有效的自杀预防策略和政策的必要性,这些策略和政策可以更好地在个人层面上缓解极度的经济痛苦。
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引用次数: 0
Exploratory Factor Model of Perceived Security in the COVID-19 Era 新冠肺炎时代安全感知的探索性因子模型
Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.56397/jrssh.2023.06.05
Rosa María Rincón Ornelas, Lidla Amalia Zayas Esquer, C. Lirios, Yolanda Marysol Escorza Sánchez, Tirso Javier Hernández Gracia
Public security, as the central axis of the state and citizen agenda, has been approached from different angles from which phases of analysis have been established; rule of law, crime prevention, administration of justice, persecution and social rehabilitation without considering citizen participation beyond complaints or demonstrations. The objective of this work was to review the structure of citizen participation to establish the different types of self-government, government and co-government among the interested parties. The theoretical, conceptual and empirical frameworks around the systematization of data for the assembly of research folders are discussed.
公共安全作为国家与公民议程的中轴线,从不同角度切入,形成了不同阶段的分析;法治、预防犯罪、司法、迫害和社会康复,除了投诉或示威之外,不考虑公民参与。这项工作的目的是审查公民参与的结构,以便在有关各方之间建立不同类型的自治政府、政府和共同政府。围绕研究文件夹汇编数据系统化的理论、概念和实证框架进行了讨论。
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引用次数: 0
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Journal of Research in Social Science and Humanities
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