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A Review of Is Psychology Based on a Fallacy? 《心理学建立在谬误之上吗?》
Pub Date : 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.56397/jrssh.2023.02.05
James F. Welles
The state motto of Florida should be “The state where no one does his job”, and there is unfortunately abundant evidence that this assertion is justified. It is a state in which the police break the law. The prosecutors go after the victim not the villain. Lawyers look after themselves rather than their clients. Settlements usually include a non-disclosure clause designed to protect the guilty. The media make up stories rather than present the facts. Cape Kennedy-based NASA has two major malfunctions/disasters to its credit. Only the physicians appear to abide by their commitment to pro-vide the best care possible to their patients, although dentists have prevailed upon the state legis-lature to require procedures like x-rays which are not necessarily needed by the patient, but they certainly build up the bill.[i]
佛罗里达州的州训应该是“没有人做他的工作的州”,不幸的是,有大量证据表明这一说法是正确的。这是一个警察违法的国家。检察官要找的是受害者,而不是坏人。律师关心的是他们自己而不是他们的客户。和解协议通常包括一项旨在保护罪犯的保密条款。媒体编造故事而不报道事实。位于肯尼迪角的美国宇航局有两次重大故障/灾难值得赞扬。只有医生似乎遵守了他们的承诺,尽可能为病人提供最好的护理,尽管牙医已经说服州立法机关要求病人进行x光之类的手术,这些手术不一定是病人需要的,但他们肯定会增加账单。[1]
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引用次数: 0
Material Evidence of Consciousness—A General Brief Overview and a Suggested View 意识的物证——概述与建议观点
Pub Date : 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.56397/jrssh.2023.02.09
S. Zahran
This is a general, very brief overview of recent findings about consciousness phenomenon; what is it? How does it work? Is it a global phenomenon or restricted to the human brain? Subjective or objective experience, just philosophy, or maybe tested empirically? Is there material evidence for its existence in literature heritage? The article methodology is just a descriptive write to what introduced briefly; to conclude a suggested view or hypothesis about recent findings.
这是对最近意识现象发现的一个概括性的,非常简短的概述;这是什么?它是如何工作的?这是一个全球性的现象还是局限于人类的大脑?主观或客观的经验,只是哲学,还是可能是经验检验?文学遗产中是否有物质证据证明它的存在?文章的写作方法只是对什么作了简要的介绍;总结对最近的发现提出的观点或假设
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引用次数: 0
The Impact of Epidemic Spread and Death Cases on People’s Lifestyle 疫情传播和死亡病例对人们生活方式的影响
Pub Date : 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.56397/jrssh.2023.02.06
Yuxin Li
The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in many countries enforcing a lockdown, whereby people are instructed to stay at home. The aim of this study was to find out the impact of epidemic spread and death cases on people’s lifestyle. These findings add to the fact that when people face special events in their lives, they will have a great and far-reaching impact on their way of life. The reflexive accounts of the people reveal their positionalities on the field, where their daily lives, education, priorities and values were also being challenged due to the pandemic. The paper will help in adding knowledge about how the spread and death cases influence people’s lifestyle.
COVID-19大流行导致许多国家实施封锁,即指示人们留在家中。本研究的目的是找出流行病传播和死亡病例对人们生活方式的影响。这些发现进一步说明,当人们在生活中面临特殊事件时,它们将对他们的生活方式产生巨大而深远的影响。人们的反思反映了他们在实地的立场,他们的日常生活、教育、优先事项和价值观也因这一流行病而受到挑战。这篇论文将有助于增加关于传播和死亡案例如何影响人们生活方式的知识。
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引用次数: 0
Representation Is Not Difference 表征不是差异
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.56397/jrssh.2023.01.01
Carol Tomlin, Ericcson T. Mapfumo, Paul C. Mocombe
In this article, we put forth the argument that globalization represents a Durkheimian mechanicalization of the world via the Protestant Ethic and the spirit of capitalism under American hegemony. The latter (America), we conclude, serves as an imperial agent, an empire, seeking to interpellate and embourgeois the masses or multitudes to the juridical framework of the Protestant Ethic and the spirit of capitalism, and in the age of capitalist globalization and climate change this is done within the dialectical processes of two forms of fascism or system and social integration: right-wing neoliberalism and identity politics masquerading as cosmopolitanism. Identity constitution within such a society leads to representation without difference of purposive-rationality as all social actors are interpellated and embourgeoised to fulfill their economic role in the social structure with representation, without difference, as the means of generating surplus-value for global capital.
在本文中,我们提出全球化代表了涂尔干式的机械化世界,通过新教伦理和美国霸权下的资本主义精神。我们的结论是,后者(美国)充当了一个帝国的代理人,一个帝国,试图将群众或群众置于新教伦理和资本主义精神的司法框架之下,在资本主义全球化和气候变化的时代,这是在两种形式的法西斯主义或制度和社会一体化的辩证过程中完成的:右翼新自由主义和伪装成世界主义的身份政治。在这样一个社会中,身份构成导致了无差异的目的理性的代表,因为所有的社会行动者都被询问和资产化,以履行他们在社会结构中的经济角色,作为为全球资本产生剩余价值的手段,没有差异。
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引用次数: 0
Investigating Market and Conservation Education Influences on Global Zoo and Aquarium Animal Collections 调查市场和保护教育对全球动物园和水族馆动物收藏的影响
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.56397/jrssh.2023.01.04
S. R. Brereton, J. Brereton
There is evidence to suggest that visitors to zoological collections prefer to see large, active mammals. To attract visitors, zoos and aquariums might be tempted to select for mammal species in their collection plans to maintain visitor interest. However, collections also play a role in endangered species breeding, many of which are not mammals. Using International Zoo Yearbook data, we explored the number of species of mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, fish and invertebrates housed in collections across the globe. These data were compared against three hypothetical collection plan strategies: a) marketing, as shown by the prevalence of each taxon in toy retail; b) biodiversity, in which taxa in proportions that reflect their wild abundance, and c) in which all six taxa are represented equally. The global zoological collection plan indicated that on average, collections contain more bird species than other taxonomic groups, followed by fish, mammals, invertebrates, reptiles and amphibians.
有证据表明,参观动物收藏馆的游客更喜欢看到大型的、活跃的哺乳动物。为了吸引游客,动物园和水族馆可能会在他们的收藏计划中选择哺乳动物物种,以保持游客的兴趣。然而,收集也在濒危物种繁殖中发挥作用,其中许多不是哺乳动物。利用《国际动物园年鉴》的数据,我们研究了全球各地收藏的哺乳动物、鸟类、爬行动物、两栖动物、鱼类和无脊椎动物的数量。这些数据与三种假设的收集计划策略进行了比较:a)营销,如每个分类单元在玩具零售中的流行程度所示;B)生物多样性,其中分类群的比例反映了它们的野生丰度;c)所有6种分类群的比例相等。全球动物收集计划表明,平均而言,鸟类比其他分类类群包含更多的物种,其次是鱼类、哺乳动物、无脊椎动物、爬行动物和两栖动物。
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引用次数: 0
The Main Impact and Response of Artificial Intelligence in Taiwanese Society 人工智能对台湾社会的主要影响与回应
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.56397/jrssh.2023.01.03
Chih-hsiung Thomas Chen, Wen-Chuan Ke
Since the neural network was proposed in 1950 and developed into an expert system, the calculation of logical reasoning has been realized, and the hardware progress of algorithms led by Moore’s Law has made a large number of data processing possible, and even the algorithm breakthrough brought by deep learning has also promoted the continuous development of integrated circuits. At this point, artificial intelligence can be described as in full swing, under this unstoppable trend of digitalization, it is expected that the development of artificial intelligence will have a certain degree of impact and impact on all countries in the world. The technical characteristics of artificial intelligence are data-led rather than rule-led, attach importance to the effectiveness of statistics rather than normative effectiveness, and the processing of unstructured data, especially in words and images, which makes social science-related research need to be reflected and faced with new thinking. In addition, algorithms, computing power, and data are prerequisites for the success of deep learning, but deep learning has bottlenecks at the algorithm, computing power, and data levels. In response to The Baohong’s suggestion, existing AI models lack common sense, so they may not be able to understand the concept of entities, fail to identify key influencing factors, and may lack ethics and may also leak personal privacy. In recent years, Taiwan’s government has vigorously advocated and enterprises continue to develop in the direction of artificial intelligence, and the development of artificial intelligence has also caused varying degrees of impact on all levels of society. In the foreseeable future of artificial intelligence, everyone expects the technological unconscious to know itself to some extent better than itself. In order to cope with the social problems that may arise from the development of artificial intelligence, it is the expectation of all parties to propose appropriate strategies in advance to make it develop positively. This paper analyzes the main connotations of the four levels of ethics, law, economy and politics that Taiwan society is most vulnerable to the impact of artificial intelligence, and puts forward personal views, hoping to use this to attract more people’s attention to the relevant impacts and impacts, and further think about coping strategies.
自1950年神经网络被提出并发展为专家系统以来,逻辑推理的计算已经实现,以摩尔定律为首的算法的硬件进步使得大量的数据处理成为可能,甚至深度学习带来的算法突破也推动了集成电路的不断发展。此时,人工智能可谓如火如荼,在这种不可阻挡的数字化趋势下,预计人工智能的发展将对世界各国产生一定程度的影响和冲击。人工智能的技术特点是数据主导而不是规则主导,重视统计的有效性而不是规范有效性,以及对非结构化数据,特别是文字和图像数据的处理,这使得与社会科学相关的研究需要反思和面对新的思考。此外,算法、计算能力和数据是深度学习成功的先决条件,但深度学习在算法、计算能力和数据层面都存在瓶颈。针对The Baohong的建议,现有的AI模型缺乏常识,可能无法理解实体的概念,无法识别关键的影响因素,可能缺乏道德规范,还可能泄露个人隐私。近年来,台湾政府大力倡导和企业不断向人工智能方向发展,人工智能的发展也对社会各阶层造成了不同程度的影响。在可预见的人工智能未来,每个人都期望技术无意识在某种程度上比自己更了解自己。为了应对人工智能发展可能带来的社会问题,提前提出相应的策略,使其积极发展,是各方的期望。本文分析了台湾社会最易受人工智能冲击的伦理、法律、经济、政治四个层面的主要内涵,并提出个人观点,希望借此引起更多人对相关冲击和影响的关注,并进一步思考应对策略。
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引用次数: 0
Social Governance Community: Development Context, Research Differentiation and Value Review 社会治理共同体:发展脉络、研究分化与价值审视
Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.56397/jrssh.2022.12.06
Kunhao Dai, Xiaolian Zhang
The formation of the social governance community is an integral part of the modernization of governance capacity and governance system. Tracing back the course of social co-governance will help to better clarify the existing relationship and plan the future scientifically. This paper tries to grasp the evolution of the social governance community by reviewing the literature, focusing on the research and value connotation. The results show that: the development of the social governance community has a very clear context of the times and iteration; there are clear regional differences in the study of social governance community. Based on this, this paper examines the value of the social governance community and prospects for the future.
社会治理共同体的形成是治理能力和治理体系现代化的重要组成部分。追溯社会共治的历程,有助于更好地厘清现存关系,科学规划未来。本文试图通过对文献的梳理,把握社会治理共同体的演变,重点关注其研究和价值内涵。研究结果表明:社会治理共同体的发展具有非常明确的时代脉络和迭代性;社会治理共同体研究存在明显的地区差异。在此基础上,本文对社会治理共同体的价值进行了审视,并对未来进行了展望。
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引用次数: 0
Why Did He Kill? —A Criminal Psychological Study of Zombie 他为什么杀人?——僵尸犯罪心理学研究
Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.56397/jrssh.2022.12.05
Lingling Xu
The novel Zombie by American author Joyce Carol Oates describes the entire self-destructive process of the main character Quentin, who turns from a college student into a ruthless serial killer. This article attempts to interpret the serial killer Quentin in Zombie from the perspective of criminal psychology, mainly the factors influencing the formation of crime, to analyse how Quentin descended into the abyss of crime step by step, which is critical for us to better understand the formation of crime and to take relevant preventive measures.
美国作家乔伊斯·卡罗尔·奥茨的小说《僵尸》描述了主人公昆汀从一个大学生变成一个无情的连环杀手的整个自我毁灭过程。本文试图从犯罪心理学的角度来解读《僵尸》中的连环杀手昆汀,主要是影响犯罪形成的因素,分析昆汀是如何一步步堕入犯罪的深渊的,这对于我们更好地理解犯罪的形成并采取相应的预防措施至关重要。
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引用次数: 0
Assessing the Quality of Migration Statistics in Former Yugoslavia—Lot of Strategies but Less Implementation 评估前南斯拉夫移民统计的质量——战略多但执行少
Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.56397/jrssh.2022.12.01
Goran Miladinov
This research aims to examine the quality of migration statistics in the countries of former Yugoslavia (Slovenia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Macedonia, Croatia, Serbia, and Montenegro) including Kosovo and Metohija as well. The comparative aspect of the research study provides an analysis on assessing the quality of migration statistics in terms of sources and data of migration statistics. The research results show that the region of the former Yugoslavia, except for Slovenia has ineffective migration statistics registration and serious limitations in this part. Furthermore, in a situation of absence of population registers almost within the whole region of former Yugoslavia, the population census and the administrative data serve as the only source for migration statistics. Moreover, almost all of the former Yugoslav republics have some existing problems in implementation of censuses regarding estimates of the usual resident population. Therefore, the migration statistics in the former Yugoslavia region provided by its national institutions should be considered as questionable.
本研究旨在检查前南斯拉夫国家(斯洛文尼亚、波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那、马其顿、克罗地亚、塞尔维亚和黑山)的移民统计质量,包括科索沃和梅托希亚。本研究的比较部分从移民统计的来源和数据两个方面对评估移民统计的质量进行了分析。研究结果表明,前南斯拉夫地区除斯洛文尼亚外,该地区移民统计登记无效,局限性严重。此外,在几乎整个前南斯拉夫区域内都没有人口登记的情况下,人口普查和行政数据是移徙统计的唯一来源。此外,几乎所有前南斯拉夫共和国在执行关于通常居住人口估计的人口普查方面都存在一些问题。因此,前南斯拉夫地区国家机构提供的移徙统计数字应被认为是有问题的。
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引用次数: 0
The Responsibilities and Commitment of Model Party Branches of Colleges and Universities—Taking the First Faculty and Staff Party Branch of the School of Automotive Engineering, Shandong Jiaotong University as an Example 高校模范党支部的责任与担当——以山东交通大学汽车工程学院第一教职工党支部为例
Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.56397/jrssh.2022.12.07
Y. Liu, Zhen Qin, Q. Cheng
Primary-level Party branches of colleges and universities are a bridge between the Party committees of colleges and universities and faculty and students as well as a battle fortress for doing well in ideological and political work, playing an extremely important leading role. The First Faculty and Staff Party Branch of the School of Automotive Engineering, Shandong Jiaotong University takes the key task guidelines for Model Party Branch building as a benchmark, focuses on the requirements of Seven Effectives, relies on the practical situation, innovates working methods, solidly builds a Party branch meeting the standards, and preliminarily forms a Party branch working method featuring 4331 which means Highlighting Four Emphasizing, Consolidating Three Strengthening, Holding on to Three Leading and Carrying Forward One Spirit.
高校基层党支部是高校党委与广大师生联系的桥梁,是做好思想政治工作的战斗堡垒,发挥着极其重要的领导作用。山东交通大学汽车工程学院第一职工党支部以《模范党支部建设重点任务指导意见》为标杆,围绕“七个有效”要求,立足实际,创新工作方法,扎实建设符合标准的党支部,初步形成“突出四个强调、巩固三个加强、加强三个重点”的4331党支部工作方法。坚持“三个领导”,弘扬“一个精神”。
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引用次数: 0
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Journal of Research in Social Science and Humanities
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