Pub Date : 2018-12-31DOI: 10.12797/sh.61.2018.03.05
Paweł Szuppe
Nazism in Pius XI's Encyclical Mit brennender Sorge The article presents Nazism in Pius XI’s encyclical Mit brennender Sorge. The genesis and context of this papal document, which was written in the German language and directed to the German nation, are presented, as well as reactions from the German state it evoked. This encyclical constitutes a synthesis of numerous statements by the Church in its struggle against the anti-Christian ideology and practice. In it we find references to the breaches in the concordatbetween Germany and the Holy See, and falsifications of Church teachings and language undermining the moral order, hope and love, as well as natural law. It is addressed to young people, the clergy and the laity. In it we find attempts to uncover the Nazi bestiality in the time when Hitler was admired and praised by many contemporary politicians. It does express hope that the German nation will return to the true faith and mission prepared for it by God
{"title":"Nazizm w encyklice Piusa XI Mit brennender Sorge","authors":"Paweł Szuppe","doi":"10.12797/sh.61.2018.03.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12797/sh.61.2018.03.05","url":null,"abstract":"Nazism in Pius XI's Encyclical Mit brennender Sorge \u0000The article presents Nazism in Pius XI’s encyclical Mit brennender Sorge. The genesis and context of this papal document, which was written in the German language and directed to the German nation, are presented, as well as reactions from the German state it evoked. This encyclical constitutes a synthesis of numerous statements by the Church in its struggle against the anti-Christian ideology and practice. In it we find references to the breaches in the concordatbetween Germany and the Holy See, and falsifications of Church teachings and language undermining the moral order, hope and love, as well as natural law. It is addressed to young people, the clergy and the laity. In it we find attempts to uncover the Nazi bestiality in the time when Hitler was admired and praised by many contemporary politicians. It does express hope that the German nation will return to the true faith and mission prepared for it by God","PeriodicalId":325295,"journal":{"name":"Studia Historyczne","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128707509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-31DOI: 10.12797/sh.61.2018.02.02
Barbara Bielaszka-Podgórny
Sodom Sin of Boleslaus II the Generous in the Light of Jan Długosz's "Annals" In the relation entered into the third volume of his Annals, dated 1076, Jan Długosz describing the Kiev campaign of Boleslaus the Generous introduces a description of the moral metamorphosis of the Polish ruler and accompanying knights. He maintains that they were guilty of a Sodom sin, which they committed in Ruthenia. This very phenomenon received the chronicler’s decided anti-Ruthenian tone. The present article established the importance of Długosz’s accusation and explains how this very element had its role in developing negative opinions about Ruthenians in the Annals. The author also provides background information about earlier accusations against Boleslaus regarding his sexual impurity.
{"title":"Grzech sodomski Bolesława Szczodrego w świetle \"Roczników\" Jana Długosza","authors":"Barbara Bielaszka-Podgórny","doi":"10.12797/sh.61.2018.02.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12797/sh.61.2018.02.02","url":null,"abstract":"Sodom Sin of Boleslaus II the Generous in the Light of Jan Długosz's \"Annals\" \u0000In the relation entered into the third volume of his Annals, dated 1076, Jan Długosz describing the Kiev campaign of Boleslaus the Generous introduces a description of the moral metamorphosis of the Polish ruler and accompanying knights. He maintains that they were guilty of a Sodom sin, which they committed in Ruthenia. This very phenomenon received the chronicler’s decided anti-Ruthenian tone. The present article established the importance of Długosz’s accusation and explains how this very element had its role in developing negative opinions about Ruthenians in the Annals. The author also provides background information about earlier accusations against Boleslaus regarding his sexual impurity.","PeriodicalId":325295,"journal":{"name":"Studia Historyczne","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129780386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-31DOI: 10.12797/sh.61.2018.02.07
Paweł Fiktus
{"title":"\"Na prahu nové doby\" – sprawozdanie z międzynarodowej konferencji, 26-29 X 2018, Praga","authors":"Paweł Fiktus","doi":"10.12797/sh.61.2018.02.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12797/sh.61.2018.02.07","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":325295,"journal":{"name":"Studia Historyczne","volume":"471 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131886532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-31DOI: 10.12797/sh.61.2018.03.03
Barbara Hryszko
Urban Revolution Of Paris’s Île De La Cité In The 19th Century Urban changes in Paris taking place in the time of the second Empire were generally viewed as positive. First of all, they solved the problem of old, non-hygienic, overpopulated, and dirty districts of the city and enabled the police to control the area in case of revolutionary movements. Moreover, they created the possibility of placing central, most important offices in prestigious locations, which added authority and splendor to them. As a result, the center of Paris became hygienic, utilitarian, safe and representative. However, these positive aspects of urban changes introduced under Napoleon III soon received severe criticism. The location of the Cité and the island on which it was located proved to be a curse for its urban development. Seeking to squeeze as many monumental governmental objects as possible on a small area resulted in almost complete destruction of the mediaeval urban structure of the district. The urban revolution which changed the Cité became a dramatic symbol of the authoritarian power of the Second Empire.
巴黎的城市革命Île De La cit在19世纪发生在第二帝国时期的巴黎城市变化通常被认为是积极的。首先，他们解决了城市中老旧、不卫生、人口过多和肮脏的地区的问题，并使警察能够在发生革命运动时控制该地区。此外，它们创造了将最重要的中心办公室安置在著名地点的可能性，这增加了它们的权威和光彩。因此，巴黎的中心变得卫生、实用、安全、有代表性。然而，拿破仑三世引入的这些城市变化的积极方面很快就受到了严厉的批评。cit的地理位置和它所在的岛屿被证明是城市发展的诅咒。试图在一个小区域内挤进尽可能多的政府纪念物，导致该地区的中世纪城市结构几乎完全被破坏。城市革命改变了城市，成为第二帝国专制权力的戏剧性象征。
{"title":"Rewolucja urbanistyczna na terenie Île de la Cité w Paryżu w XIX w.","authors":"Barbara Hryszko","doi":"10.12797/sh.61.2018.03.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12797/sh.61.2018.03.03","url":null,"abstract":"Urban Revolution Of Paris’s Île De La Cité In The 19th Century \u0000Urban changes in Paris taking place in the time of the second Empire were generally viewed as positive. First of all, they solved the problem of old, non-hygienic, overpopulated, and dirty districts of the city and enabled the police to control the area in case of revolutionary movements. Moreover, they created the possibility of placing central, most important offices in prestigious locations, which added authority and splendor to them. As a result, the center of Paris became hygienic, utilitarian, safe and representative. However, these positive aspects of urban changes introduced under Napoleon III soon received severe criticism. The location of the Cité and the island on which it was located proved to be a curse for its urban development. Seeking to squeeze as many monumental governmental objects as possible on a small area resulted in almost complete destruction of the mediaeval urban structure of the district. The urban revolution which changed the Cité became a dramatic symbol of the authoritarian power of the Second Empire.","PeriodicalId":325295,"journal":{"name":"Studia Historyczne","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133835136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-31DOI: 10.12797/sh.61.2018.02.08
Jarema Słowiak
{"title":"Krzysztof Kubiak, Łukasz Mamert Nadolski, Ogień na pustyni. Konflikt izraelsko‑arabski w latach 1967-1973","authors":"Jarema Słowiak","doi":"10.12797/sh.61.2018.02.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12797/sh.61.2018.02.08","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":325295,"journal":{"name":"Studia Historyczne","volume":"76 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115657496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-31DOI: 10.12797/sh.61.2018.02.03
Robert Bubczyk
Familia Herlechini – the Motif of Black Riders in the Western Medieval Culture (11th-12th Centuries): Its Birth, Symbolism and Ideological Functions The aim of the article is the historical and socio-cultural analysis of the phenomenon of the motif of black riders which functioned in the Middle Ages. In particular, the author tries to determine the symbolic and ideological role it fulfilled in those days. This problem has not been fully researched and described and many of its aspects still await description and analysis. Research on the topic is practically absent in Polish mediaeval historiography, with one exception of a study by Leszek Słupecki. The present article analyses these issues against a broad cultural background. The analysis of the phenomenon of the black riders leads the author to a conclusion that in high Middle Ages it played very important cultural and social functions and was a useful tool of describing the reality of those times.
{"title":"Familia Herlechini – motyw czarnych jeźdźców w kulturze średniowiecznego Zachodu (XI-XII w.), jego narodziny, znaczenie symboliczne i funkcje ideologicznze","authors":"Robert Bubczyk","doi":"10.12797/sh.61.2018.02.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12797/sh.61.2018.02.03","url":null,"abstract":"Familia Herlechini – the Motif of Black Riders in the Western Medieval Culture (11th-12th Centuries): Its Birth, Symbolism and Ideological Functions \u0000The aim of the article is the historical and socio-cultural analysis of the phenomenon of the motif of black riders which functioned in the Middle Ages. In particular, the author tries to determine the symbolic and ideological role it fulfilled in those days. This problem has not been fully researched and described and many of its aspects still await description and analysis. Research on the topic is practically absent in Polish mediaeval historiography, with one exception of a study by Leszek Słupecki. The present article analyses these issues against a broad cultural background. The analysis of the phenomenon of the black riders leads the author to a conclusion that in high Middle Ages it played very important cultural and social functions and was a useful tool of describing the reality of those times.","PeriodicalId":325295,"journal":{"name":"Studia Historyczne","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126644108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-29DOI: 10.12797/sh.60.2017.02.04
Agnieszka Szwach
For Galen, the best physician was the one who was able to treat his patients by means other than the knife, particularly through diet and drugs. The fact that basic knowledge of pharmacology was not required came under severe criticism in the late fifteenth and early sixteenth centuries. To remedy this situation, herb gardens were established at universities. Some physicians wrote voluminous new herbals based both on the close study of classical pharmacological works, observations and experiments. William Turner (1508–1568), Henry Lyte (1529–1607), John Gerard (1545–1650) and John Parkinson (1567–1650) were the essential figures who established English herbal tradition. This phenomenon was not entirely alien to Shakespeare. The study of tragedies, as presented in this paper, is sufficient to realise how numerous references to both healing and poisonous plants are made in Shakespearean plays.
{"title":"The Injurious and Curative Powers of Herbs: Shakespeare in Herb Gardens","authors":"Agnieszka Szwach","doi":"10.12797/sh.60.2017.02.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12797/sh.60.2017.02.04","url":null,"abstract":"For Galen, the best physician was the one who was able to treat his patients by means other than the knife, particularly through diet and drugs. The fact that basic knowledge of pharmacology was not required came under severe criticism in the late fifteenth and early sixteenth centuries. To remedy this situation, herb gardens were established at universities. Some physicians wrote voluminous new herbals based both on the close study of classical pharmacological works, observations and experiments. William Turner (1508–1568), Henry Lyte (1529–1607), John Gerard (1545–1650) and John Parkinson (1567–1650) were the essential figures who established English herbal tradition. This phenomenon was not entirely alien to Shakespeare. The study of tragedies, as presented in this paper, is sufficient to realise how numerous references to both healing and poisonous plants are made in Shakespearean plays.","PeriodicalId":325295,"journal":{"name":"Studia Historyczne","volume":"162 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122922455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-29DOI: 10.12797/sh.60.2017.04.06
Jarema Słowiak
{"title":"Mariusz Borowiak, „Pancerniki na Morzu Pińskim” 1920‑1941, Oświęcim: Wydawnictwo Napoleon V, 2016, ss. 346, ISBN 978‑83‑65495‑97‑6","authors":"Jarema Słowiak","doi":"10.12797/sh.60.2017.04.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12797/sh.60.2017.04.06","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":325295,"journal":{"name":"Studia Historyczne","volume":"118 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114329198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-29DOI: 10.12797/SH.60.2017.04.04
W. Kowalski
{"title":"Rzeczpospolita w Europie, czyli o otwartości i potrzebie dialogu kultur","authors":"W. Kowalski","doi":"10.12797/SH.60.2017.04.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12797/SH.60.2017.04.04","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":325295,"journal":{"name":"Studia Historyczne","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116247526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-29DOI: 10.12797/SH.60.2017.04.02
A. Kalinowska
Kingdome Differing from Other in Europe… Polish‑Lithuanian Commonwealth in the Seventeenth‑Century English Language Publications The article discusses the image of Polish‑Lithuanian Commonwealth in seventeenth‑century English language publications, particularly geographic and historical ones. The author proposes a new evaluation and method of interpreting the existing sources, e.g. diplomatic materials and travel accounts, by taking into account the real readership of these texts depending on their type, specific editions as well as the readers’ market. In case of England and Scotland, sources decidedly indicate that due to their developed forms and large number of publications which included information on the Commonwealth, readers could acquire enough information to form a relatively precise opinion of their own on the Polish‑Lithuanian Commonwealth.
{"title":"\"Kingdome differing from other in Europe…\" Rzeczpospolita Obojga Narodów w siedemnastowiecznych tekstach anglojęzycznych","authors":"A. Kalinowska","doi":"10.12797/SH.60.2017.04.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12797/SH.60.2017.04.02","url":null,"abstract":"Kingdome Differing from Other in Europe… Polish‑Lithuanian Commonwealth in the Seventeenth‑Century English Language Publications The article discusses the image of Polish‑Lithuanian Commonwealth in seventeenth‑century English language publications, particularly geographic and historical ones. The author proposes a new evaluation and method of interpreting the existing sources, e.g. diplomatic materials and travel accounts, by taking into account the real readership of these texts depending on their type, specific editions as well as the readers’ market. In case of England and Scotland, sources decidedly indicate that due to their developed forms and large number of publications which included information on the Commonwealth, readers could acquire enough information to form a relatively precise opinion of their own on the Polish‑Lithuanian Commonwealth.","PeriodicalId":325295,"journal":{"name":"Studia Historyczne","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121211258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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