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Sustaining competitive advantage through techniques that are competence based in commercial banks 通过基于商业银行能力的技术来保持竞争优势
Pub Date : 2023-01-04 DOI: 10.58934/jgeb.v4i13.145
Obioma Hilary Ibegbulem, O. Odita, A. Kifordu
This study focuses on the effect of competence based management system on competitive advantage of deposit money banks in South-South and South- East zones in Nigeria. The specific objectives are to ascertain the effect of leadership capability competence on competitive advantage, to determine the effect of functional competence on competitive advantage, to examine the effect of network capability competence on competitive advantage, to determine the effect of marketing capability competence on competitive advantage and to examine the effect of research and development capability competence on competitive advantage. Cross sectional survey research design method was employed. The population for the study consists of the eight (8) commercial Banks licensed by the CBN with international authorization with total population of 1,612. The sample size of three hundred and twenty one (321) was obtained using Taro Yamani sample size formula. A stratified sampling technique was used. The study was driven by primary and secondary data. The data were analyzed using correlation and regression analysis as analytical tools. The study concluded that leadership capability competence influence competitive advantage. Enhancing the leadership competences along the organizational structure is very vital for making the banks attractive to work and compete on regional and international level. Banks are highly encouraged to develop a clear strategy for enhancing a leadership competency in order to improve its performance and get the most out of its capabilities. The study recommends that every bank should engage in training in all aspect of organization to develop the competency/capacity for production management so as to achieve competitive advantage.
本文主要研究能力管理制度对尼日利亚南南和东南地区存款银行竞争优势的影响。具体目标是确定领导能力能力对竞争优势的影响,确定职能能力能力对竞争优势的影响,检验网络能力能力对竞争优势的影响,确定营销能力能力对竞争优势的影响,检验研发能力能力对竞争优势的影响。采用横断面调查研究设计方法。本次研究的人口包括8家经中国央行许可并获得国际授权的商业银行,总人口为1612人。采用Taro Yamani样本量公式计算出321例样本的样本量。采用分层抽样技术。这项研究是由第一手和二手数据驱动的。采用相关分析和回归分析方法对数据进行分析。研究发现,领导能力和胜任力影响竞争优势。从组织结构上提升银行的领导能力,对于提高银行在区域和国际层面上的竞争力至关重要。我们强烈鼓励银行制定明确的战略来提高领导能力,以提高其绩效并最大限度地发挥其能力。本研究建议各银行应进行组织各方面的培训,以发展生产管理的胜任力/能力,从而取得竞争优势。
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引用次数: 5
Adopting strategic diversification measures and organizational performance in manufacturing concerns: an empirical overview 制造业企业采取战略多元化措施与组织绩效:实证综述
Pub Date : 2023-01-04 DOI: 10.58934/jgeb.v4i13.144
Jonah Ojiru
The study was on strategic diversification measures and organizational performance. Two research questions were raised to guide the study. The study was anchored on the cost transaction theory. Also, a sample size of 217 was determined using the right statistical formula. Findings revealed a positive relationship between product and geographical diversification on performance. Recommendations and conclusions were drawn along that line.
该研究是关于战略多样化措施和组织绩效。提出了两个研究问题来指导研究。本研究以成本交易理论为基础。此外,使用正确的统计公式确定了217个样本的大小。研究结果显示,产品和地域多样化对绩效的影响呈正相关关系。根据这一点提出了建议和结论。
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引用次数: 0
The asymmetry effect of budget deficit and inflation in Nigeria 尼日利亚预算赤字与通货膨胀的不对称效应
Pub Date : 2023-01-04 DOI: 10.58934/jgeb.v4i13.143
A. M. Garba
This study evaluates the asymmetry effect of budget deficit and inflation in Nigeria spanning 1986 and 2020. The dissertation employed the Non-linear Autoregressive Distributed Lag (NARDL) approach of Shin, Yu and Greenwood-nimmo (2014) to examine the effect of budget deficit on inflation in Nigeria. The study employed annual data on budget deficit (proxied by budget deficit as a share of GDP), money supply (proxied by money supply), inflation (proxied by consumer price index) collected from Central Bank of Nigeria Statistical Bulletin, 2020 edition. The result of the effect of budget deficit on inflation indicates that in the long run, positive change in budget deficit induces inflation. This result indicates that rise in budget deficit is inflationary in Nigeria. Furthermore, the inflationary role of positive change in budget leads to higher price level. In addition, a negative change in budget deficit exerts an inflationary pressure in the long run though insignificant. Based on the findings of our analyses, the study concludes that budget deficit raises money supply and induces inflationary pressure in Nigeria. The study therefore recommends that there is need for the authorities in Nigeria should reduce the cost of governance by reducing overhead and allowance of political office holder in order to reduce budget deficit.
本研究评估了1986年至2020年尼日利亚预算赤字和通货膨胀的不对称效应。本文采用Shin, Yu和Greenwood-nimmo(2014)的非线性自回归分布滞后(NARDL)方法来检验尼日利亚预算赤字对通货膨胀的影响。该研究使用了来自尼日利亚中央银行统计公报2020年版的预算赤字(以预算赤字占GDP的份额为代表)、货币供应(以货币供应为代表)、通货膨胀(以消费者价格指数为代表)的年度数据。预算赤字对通货膨胀影响的结果表明,从长期来看,预算赤字的积极变化会诱发通货膨胀。这一结果表明,预算赤字的上升是尼日利亚的通货膨胀。此外,正的预算变化的通货膨胀作用导致更高的价格水平。此外,预算赤字的负变化虽然微不足道,但在长期内会产生通胀压力。根据我们的分析结果,该研究得出结论,预算赤字增加了尼日利亚的货币供应,并引发了通货膨胀压力。因此,该研究建议,尼日利亚当局有必要通过减少管理费用和政治官员津贴来降低治理成本,以减少预算赤字。
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引用次数: 1
Employee empowerment and organizational effectiveness in selected commercial banks in Asaba Delta State 阿萨巴三角洲州选定商业银行的雇员授权和组织效率
Pub Date : 2023-01-04 DOI: 10.58934/jgeb.v4i13.146
Zeal Eboka
The main objective of the study is to explore the effect of employee empowerment on organizational effectiveness. The study results show that employee empowerment explained a significant relation with organizational effectiveness. Cross-sectional research was used as the sampling strategy. This survey is based on a questionnaire and data collected from 375 employees of selected Commercial Bank in Asaba, Delta State. To analyse the data, SPSS version 23.0 is used. To check the relationship between the variables correlation analysis is used and to check the effect between variables linear regression analysis is used. Thus, all the hypotheses showed significant results. The study recommends that management should review its process of performance evaluations and rewards. Conduct regular employee evaluations, support employees emotionally and cultivate an environment where staff can approach management with their needs. 
本研究的主要目的是探讨员工授权对组织有效性的影响。研究结果显示,员工授权对组织效能有显著的影响。采用横断面研究作为抽样策略。这项调查是基于从三角洲州Asaba选定的商业银行的375名员工中收集的问卷和数据。使用SPSS 23.0版本对数据进行分析。为了检验变量之间的关系,我们使用了相关分析,为了检验变量之间的影响,我们使用了线性回归分析。因此,所有的假设都显示出显著的结果。研究报告建议,管理部门应审查其业绩评价和奖励程序。定期对员工进行评估,在情感上支持员工,并营造一个员工可以向管理层提出需求的环境。
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引用次数: 0
The threshold level of budget deficit and money supply that stabilize inflation in Nigeria 稳定尼日利亚通货膨胀的预算赤字和货币供应的门槛水平
Pub Date : 2023-01-04 DOI: 10.58934/jgeb.v4i13.142
A. M. Garba
This study evaluates the threshold level of budget deficit and money supply that stabilize inflation in Nigeria spanning 1986 and 2020. The study aimed at determine the threshold level of budget deficit and money supply that stabilize inflation in Nigeria. In Addition, the study applied the Hansen threshold model (1998) to estimate the threshold level. The study employed annual data on budget deficit (proxied by budget deficit as a share of GDP), money supply (proxied by money supply), inflation (proxied by consumer price index) collected from Central Bank of Nigeria Statistical Bulletin, 2020 edition. Based on the findings of our analyses, the study concludes that budget deficit raises money supply and induces inflationary pressure in Nigeria. The study therefore recommends that there is need for the authorities in Nigeria should reduce the cost of governance by reducing overhead and allowance of political office holder in order to reduce budget deficit. The study therefore recommends that government must ensure that yearly budget imbalance does not exceed this threshold in order to mitigate deficit induce inflation. Also, there is the need for government to strengthening public financial management reforms (like Fiscal Responsibility Act, the Medium-Term Expenditure Framework). This will engender fiscal discipline and reduce fiscal deficit over time.
本研究评估了尼日利亚1986年至2020年间稳定通货膨胀的预算赤字和货币供应的阈值水平。该研究旨在确定预算赤字和货币供应的门槛水平,以稳定尼日利亚的通货膨胀。此外,本研究采用Hansen阈值模型(1998)估计阈值水平。该研究使用了来自尼日利亚中央银行统计公报2020年版的预算赤字(以预算赤字占GDP的份额为代表)、货币供应(以货币供应为代表)、通货膨胀(以消费者价格指数为代表)的年度数据。根据我们的分析结果,该研究得出结论,预算赤字增加了尼日利亚的货币供应,并引发了通货膨胀压力。因此,该研究建议,尼日利亚当局有必要通过减少管理费用和政治官员津贴来降低治理成本,以减少预算赤字。因此,该研究建议政府必须确保年度预算失衡不超过这一阈值,以减轻赤字引发的通货膨胀。此外,政府有必要加强公共财政管理改革(如财政责任法案,中期支出框架)。这将产生财政纪律,并随着时间的推移减少财政赤字。
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引用次数: 1
An autoregressive distributed lagged (ARDL) bound testing approach to electricity supply and electricity tariff in Nigeria 尼日利亚电力供应和电价的自回归分布滞后约束测试方法
Pub Date : 2023-01-04 DOI: 10.58934/jgeb.v4i13.149
Gwong Timothy Madaki, B. Akanegbu
The paper empirically employed the Autoregressive Distributed Lagged (ARDL) Bound Test Approach to evaluate data acquired from the CBN Statistical Bulletin, NBS, MYTO-2015 Distribution Tariffs, NERC, PHCN, NEPA, and WB/WDI Database from 1971 to 2021. The ARDL result estimate indicates that in the short and long run electricity supplies is consequential but no influence on electricity tariff and gross domestic product. This indicates that when electricity supplies grow, so does electricity tariff and gross domestic product; however, the gain is not statistically significant. Long-run and short–run electricity supply has not favor and no influence on per capita income. This suggests that as electricity supply increase, per capita income declines. The ECM coefficient, which represents the disequilibrium, is adjusted and brought back to equilibrium at a rate of 22.9% the next year. The R2 of around (77.9%) percent and the adj-R2 of about (74.4%) percent indicated that the model fit well since these levels of total variations in power supply were explained by changes in the explanatory variables. We concluded that it is essential for the development of the Nigerian electricity supply business to have a tariff that would balance the interaction between electricity supply and electricity tariffs while also ensuring a margin of returns on investment. This study recommends that Federal Government of Nigeria should spend extensively in the transmission subsector of the Nigerian Electricity Supply Industry (NESI) to increase its efficiency. In addition, private sector investment in electricity should be encouraged, as industry predictions for the next decade show a favorable trend, coupled with continuous macroeconomic progress.
本文采用自回归分布滞后(ARDL)约束检验方法对1971 - 2021年从CBN统计公报、NBS、MYTO-2015分销关税、NERC、PHCN、NEPA和WB/WDI数据库获取的数据进行了实证评估。ARDL的结果估计表明,短期和长期的电力供应是次要的,但对电价和国内生产总值没有影响。这表明,当电力供应增长时,电价和国内生产总值(gdp)也会增长;然而,这种增益在统计上并不显著。长期和短期电力供应对人均收入没有影响。这表明,随着电力供应的增加,人均收入下降。代表非均衡的ECM系数在次年以22.9%的速度调整并恢复均衡。R2约为(77.9%)%,adj-R2约为(74.4%)%,表明模型拟合良好,因为这些水平的总变化的电力供应是由解释变量的变化来解释的。我们的结论是,尼日利亚电力供应业务的发展至关重要的是要有一个关税,以平衡电力供应和电价之间的相互作用,同时也确保投资回报的边际。本研究建议,尼日利亚联邦政府应在尼日利亚电力供应行业(NESI)的输电分部门投入大量资金,以提高其效率。此外,应鼓励私营部门对电力的投资,因为对下一个十年的行业预测显示出有利的趋势,加上宏观经济不断取得进展。
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引用次数: 0
Do oil prices forecast the interbank market interest rates in Nigeria? 油价能否预测尼日利亚银行间市场利率?
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.31039/jgeb.v4i12.124
C. C. Ihediwa, A. Adamu
We aim to establish the nexus between crude oil price and the interbank interest rate in order to ascertain if crude oil prices possesses a predictive ability on the interbank interest rates in Nigeria by using monthly series ranging from 2002:1 to 2021:12. The result of the Johenson Conitegration test indicated the existence of a long-run relationship between interest rate and crude oil prices, the variance decomposition and impulse response function results trace the behaviour of  interbank interest rate as accounted by shocks on  oil prices. The test of volatility using GARCH (1,1) confirmed that volatility was quite persistent while the Granger Causality test confirmed that oil price granger caused interbank interest rate. Finally, the forecast of interbank interest rate using structural autoregressive moving average (SARMA) revealed that oil price adequately forecast the behaviour of interbank interest rate. It is therefore recommended that policies in tackling the impact of fluctuations in oil prices should be formulated which will serve as an important source of stabilizing the movements in the interbank interest rate. Considering the importance of oil to the development and growth of the Nigerian economy, a focus to diversify the Nigerian economy away from over-dependence on oil revenue to other productive sectors of the economy using the financial receipts from crude oil will help to stabilize the interbank rates.
我们的目标是建立原油价格和银行间利率之间的联系,以确定原油价格是否具有预测能力的银行间利率在尼日利亚通过使用月度序列范围从2002:1至2021:12。johnson整合检验的结果表明,利率与原油价格之间存在长期关系,方差分解和脉冲响应函数结果追踪了银行间利率在油价冲击下的行为。运用GARCH(1,1)对波动率进行检验,证实波动率具有相当的持续性,而格兰杰因果检验证实油价对银行间利率有格兰杰影响。最后,利用结构自回归移动平均(SARMA)对银行间利率进行预测,发现油价能够充分预测银行间利率的走势。因此,建议制定应对石油价格波动影响的政策,这将成为稳定银行间利率变动的重要来源。考虑到石油对尼日利亚经济发展和增长的重要性,将尼日利亚经济从过度依赖石油收入转向利用原油财政收入的其他生产部门,将有助于稳定银行间利率。
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引用次数: 0
A requirement for fraud investigation professionals 对欺诈调查专业人员的要求
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.31039/jgeb.v4i12.121
Chnar Abdullah Rashid
In developing countries, fraud and corruption are seen as a way of life, a norm of public service or a culture that cannot hope to disappear. Auditors specialize in error detection and treat fraud and corruption as secondary tasks in a particular business. The primary responsibility of a Forensic Investigation Professional (FIP) or forensic accountant is to investigate fraud in financial records. A certified public accountant is a witness of fact, while a forensic investigator or forensic accountant is an expert witness, not a witness of fact. They can testify in court as experts for either the prosecution or the defence. This paper aims to critically examine the requirements for fraud investigation professionals who need to be obtained by a forensic accountant in investigating fraud as one of the most serious financial crimes in any company. The findings suggest that forensic investigative professionals play a complementary role with government anti-fraud and anti-corruption agencies in strategies and policies to reduce the risk of systemic corruption. Findings also show that Forensic Investigation Professionals (FIPs) play an important role in reducing fraud and corruption risks in developing countries.
在发展中国家,欺诈和腐败被视为一种生活方式、一种公共服务规范或一种不能指望消失的文化。审计人员专门从事错误检测,并将欺诈和腐败视为特定业务中的次要任务。法务调查专业人员(FIP)或法务会计师的主要职责是调查财务记录中的欺诈行为。注册会计师是事实证人,而法医调查员或法务会计师是专家证人,而不是事实证人。他们可以作为专家在法庭上为控方或辩方作证。本文旨在严格审查欺诈调查专业人员的要求,这些专业人员需要由法务会计师在调查欺诈作为任何公司最严重的金融犯罪之一时获得。研究结果表明,在减少系统性腐败风险的战略和政策方面,法医调查专业人员与政府反欺诈和反腐败机构发挥互补作用。调查结果还表明,法医调查专业人员在减少发展中国家的欺诈和腐败风险方面发挥着重要作用。
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引用次数: 3
Diversity indices as a blessing and a bane to organizational performance 多样性指数对组织绩效的利弊
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.31039/jgeb.v4i12.118
A. Kifordu, John Bosco Ezeonwumelu
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of diversity management on the performance of employees in selected banks across Delta State. The study was anchored on social identity theory of exclusion in the workplace.  A descriptive survey research design was used for the study. Data was sourced using the primary source. A population of 900 employees from selected banks in Delta State was used for the study. A sample size of 173 employees derived through Borg and Gall was used for the study. The instrument used for data collection was a structured questionnaire. The instrument was subjected to both face and content validity.  A reliability co-efficient of 0.79 was obtained through the test-retest method.  The data collected was analyzed using frequency count and percentages while ANOVA was used to test the hypotheses. The findings of the study revealed that gender, age, ethnicity, and educational diversity had significant positive effects on employees’ performance. The study recommended that in setting up teams in the workplace, personnel department in line with top managers must ensure that there is a proper representation of members of various ethnic groups, age and gender so as to create room for effective succession planning. Management should choose the most qualified in terms of academics to ensure that appropriate guides to thinking are done to formulate policies on diversity management and firm performance.
本研究的目的是调查多元化管理对三角洲州选定银行员工绩效的影响。这项研究基于职场排斥的社会认同理论。本研究采用描述性调查研究设计。数据来源于主要来源。900名来自三角洲州选定银行的员工被用于研究。通过Borg和Gall获得的173名员工的样本用于研究。数据收集的工具是一份结构化问卷。该工具受到表面效度和内容效度的双重影响。通过重测法得到的信度系数为0.79。收集的数据使用频率计数和百分比进行分析,并使用方差分析来检验假设。研究发现,性别、年龄、种族和教育多样性对员工绩效有显著的正向影响。该研究建议,在建立工作场所的团队时,与高层管理人员一致的人事部门必须确保不同种族、年龄和性别的成员有适当的代表性,以便为有效的继任计划创造空间。管理层应选择在学术方面最合格的学者,以确保在制定多元化管理和公司绩效政策时,提供适当的思维指导。
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引用次数: 0
Business growth through a sustained strategic management approach in manufacturing organisations 通过持续的战略管理方法在制造组织中实现业务增长
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.31039/jgeb.v4i12.120
A. Kifordu, O. Odita, Eric Anona
Organizations regularly encounter unforeseen occurrences like government policy change, market failure natural catastrophes, terrorist attacks, or technology failures in extremely unpredictable and uncertain times. Thus, the study of strategic management and organization growth was embarked upon. Two research questions were asked leading to two research hypothesis famulated to guide the study. The population of 63 of the study were taken from the staff of the Mouka and Frendy foam production industry which also formed the sample size. Fifteen (15) items Questionnaire instrument validated and tested for reliability at 0.75 Cronbach Alpha were then distributed to the sampled staff of Mouka and Frendy foam production industry in Warri and Abraka. There after the extracted data were subjected to statistical analysis. the result shows that there is significant effect between defensive strategy and organization growth; also, that there is no significant effect between prospective strategy and organizational growth. From the finding recommendation were made among others that defensive strategy boosts organizational growth, and it should be adopted by managers at all level and stages of business development as it help to fight competitors amidst harsh competitive business environment
组织经常遇到不可预见的事件,如政府政策变化、市场失灵、自然灾害、恐怖袭击或技术故障,这些都是在极其不可预测和不确定的时期发生的。战略管理与组织成长的研究由此展开。提出了两个研究问题,从而形成了两个研究假设来指导研究。该研究的63名人口来自Mouka和Frendy泡沫生产行业的工作人员,这也构成了样本量。然后将15个项目的问卷问卷以0.75 Cronbach Alpha进行验证和信度测试,分发给Warri和Abraka的Mouka和Frendy泡沫生产行业的抽样员工。然后对提取的数据进行统计分析。结果表明:防御策略对企业成长有显著影响;前瞻性战略对组织成长的影响不显著。从这一发现中,人们提出了防御性战略促进组织成长的建议,它应该被所有层次和业务发展阶段的管理者采用,因为它有助于在激烈的竞争环境中与竞争对手抗衡
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Global Journal of Economics and Business
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