Pub Date : 2023-02-01DOI: 10.31559/gjeb2023.13.1.3
ضرار عبد الحميد التوم العتيبي
تتمثل المشكلة البحثية في ما هو واقع الصادرات السعودية من الكيماويات العضوية؟ وما هو الوضع التنافسي للصادرات السعودية من الكيماويات العضوية في أهم الأسواق المستوردة لها؟ وتم استخدام نموذج الطلب شبه الأمثل لأهم 3 منتجات تندرج تحت القسم الرئيسي للمواد الكيميائية العضوية كود 29 وهي: الهيدروكربونات الحلقية كود 2902، الكحولات اللاحلقية ومشتقاتها كود 2905، والإيثرات ومشتقاتها كود 2909، للفترة (2000- 2021). وكانت أهم النتائج كالآتي: زادت قيمة الصادرات السعودية من الهيدروكربونات الحلقية إلى حوالي 2.8 مليار دولار عام 2021، وتعتبر الصين وبلجيكا أهم الدول المستوردة بحوالي 48.68%، 12.32% على الترتيب كمتوسط للفترة (2017- 2021).
{"title":"تقدير دوال الطلب على الصادرات السعودية غير النفطية دراسة حالة \"الكيماويات العضوية\"","authors":"ضرار عبد الحميد التوم العتيبي","doi":"10.31559/gjeb2023.13.1.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31559/gjeb2023.13.1.3","url":null,"abstract":"تتمثل المشكلة البحثية في ما هو واقع الصادرات السعودية من الكيماويات العضوية؟ وما هو الوضع التنافسي للصادرات السعودية من الكيماويات العضوية في أهم الأسواق المستوردة لها؟ وتم استخدام نموذج الطلب شبه الأمثل لأهم 3 منتجات تندرج تحت القسم الرئيسي للمواد الكيميائية العضوية كود 29 وهي: الهيدروكربونات الحلقية كود 2902، الكحولات اللاحلقية ومشتقاتها كود 2905، والإيثرات ومشتقاتها كود 2909، للفترة (2000- 2021). وكانت أهم النتائج كالآتي: زادت قيمة الصادرات السعودية من الهيدروكربونات الحلقية إلى حوالي 2.8 مليار دولار عام 2021، وتعتبر الصين وبلجيكا أهم الدول المستوردة بحوالي 48.68%، 12.32% على الترتيب كمتوسط للفترة (2017- 2021).","PeriodicalId":32548,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Economics and Business","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46027120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-01DOI: 10.31559/gjeb2023.13.1.7
S. Gani, Bernadene de Clercq
The effectiveness of healthcare systems varies greatly, and the ability to achieve important health objectives varies between welfare regimes and nations. In order to improve our understanding of how health systems perform under various welfare regimes, this paper offers a framework that establishes this relationship. As a result, the purpose of this paper is to present a framework that could be utilized to construct a connection between a country’s welfare system and its health system. The first stage is to establish the parameters of welfare regimes based on the notions of governance and power usage. The study goes on to discuss the concept of the health system, the performance of the health system, and how these concepts relate to welfare regimes. Within these constraints, health system performance focuses on three essential objectives: strengthening responsiveness to the population's expectations, ensuring fairness of financial contribution, and improving health. Once the fundamental objectives of health systems have been identified, they must be measured, and a conceptual relationship between welfare regimes and health systems must be established. By developing a framework for the interactions between welfare regimes and the health system, it is possible to understand the primary factors affecting the functioning of health system as well as to consider important policy issues and formulations.
{"title":"Conceptual Framework Depicting the Interrelationship between A Country's Welfare Regime and its Health System","authors":"S. Gani, Bernadene de Clercq","doi":"10.31559/gjeb2023.13.1.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31559/gjeb2023.13.1.7","url":null,"abstract":"The effectiveness of healthcare systems varies greatly, and the ability to achieve important health objectives varies between welfare regimes and nations. In order to improve our understanding of how health systems perform under various welfare regimes, this paper offers a framework that establishes this relationship. As a result, the purpose of this paper is to present a framework that could be utilized to construct a connection between a country’s welfare system and its health system. The first stage is to establish the parameters of welfare regimes based on the notions of governance and power usage. The study goes on to discuss the concept of the health system, the performance of the health system, and how these concepts relate to welfare regimes. Within these constraints, health system performance focuses on three essential objectives: strengthening responsiveness to the population's expectations, ensuring fairness of financial contribution, and improving health. Once the fundamental objectives of health systems have been identified, they must be measured, and a conceptual relationship between welfare regimes and health systems must be established. By developing a framework for the interactions between welfare regimes and the health system, it is possible to understand the primary factors affecting the functioning of health system as well as to consider important policy issues and formulations.","PeriodicalId":32548,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Economics and Business","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43377462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-01DOI: 10.31559/gjeb2023.13.1.9
A. Aldaarmi
This study investigates the role of corporate governance regulations on the financial performance within listed companies in Saudi Arabia. 120 organisations were selected from Saudi Stock Exchange, Tadawul, over a period of four years between 2016 to 2019 for 565 observations. The data were gathered about the intendent variable of board independence, board size, board meeting, board interlocking, in addition to firm size and leverage as moderators. The independent variable was Tobin’s q. The result of this study shows that there is a negative relationship between board size and board interlocking on one hand and financial performance of the listed companies on the other hand. Other independent variables of independent directorships and frequency of board meeting were shown to have a positive effect on financial performance. The outcome of this study supports the theoretical foundations of stakeholder theory about the importance of reducing the monopoly of the agents (directors on board) over the decisions of the company. Such reduction of the effect of directors can be done through maximising the number of meetings accompanied by maximising the number of independent directors on board. Also, by reducing board interlocking, the influence of directors will shrink while increasing board size will slow down the process of taking decisions which affect companies’ performance.
{"title":"The Impact of Corporate Governance on the Financial Performance of Listed Companies: Evidence from Saudi Arabia","authors":"A. Aldaarmi","doi":"10.31559/gjeb2023.13.1.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31559/gjeb2023.13.1.9","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates the role of corporate governance regulations on the financial performance within listed companies in Saudi Arabia. 120 organisations were selected from Saudi Stock Exchange, Tadawul, over a period of four years between 2016 to 2019 for 565 observations. The data were gathered about the intendent variable of board independence, board size, board meeting, board interlocking, in addition to firm size and leverage as moderators. The independent variable was Tobin’s q. The result of this study shows that there is a negative relationship between board size and board interlocking on one hand and financial performance of the listed companies on the other hand. Other independent variables of independent directorships and frequency of board meeting were shown to have a positive effect on financial performance. The outcome of this study supports the theoretical foundations of stakeholder theory about the importance of reducing the monopoly of the agents (directors on board) over the decisions of the company. Such reduction of the effect of directors can be done through maximising the number of meetings accompanied by maximising the number of independent directors on board. Also, by reducing board interlocking, the influence of directors will shrink while increasing board size will slow down the process of taking decisions which affect companies’ performance.","PeriodicalId":32548,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Economics and Business","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45900299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-01DOI: 10.31559/gjeb2023.13.1.1
فداء عبدالحميد قرمش
هدفت الدراسة إلى تحديد أثر جودة قرارات الإدارة العليا في مقاومة التغيير لدى الأكاديميين في جامعة الاستقلال، وذلك لما لجودة القرارات المتخذة من اهمية لمتخذ القرار والمؤسسة التي يمثلها في مواجهة المشكلات والتحديات المختلفة التي تواجهها المؤسسة في ظل البيئات الديناميكية، وتعزيز الفرص أمامها لتحقيق التقدم في مواجهة المؤسسات التعليمية الأخرى المنافسة لها. لقد تمثل مجتمع الدراسة بجامعة الاستقلال، ولتحقيق أهداف الدراسة قامت الباحثة بتطوير أداة الدراسة (الاستبانة)، والتي تكونت من (34) فقرة، وقد استهدفت الأكاديميين في هذه الجامعة. وتوصلت الدراسة إلى وجود أثر ذا دلالة إحصائية عند مستوى دلالة (α ≤ 0.05) لجودة قرارات الادارة العليا بأبعادها في مقاومة التغيير بأبعادها مجتمعة. وفي ضوء نتائج الدراسة اوصت الباحثة بالآتي: ضرورة إشراك الأكاديميين عند اتخاذ القرارات المتعلقة بأقسامهم، والحرص أن تحظى هذه القرارات بالقبول مما ينعكس بشكل إيجابي على أدائهم، وكذلك تشجيعهم من خلال تقديم الحوافز والمزايا لضمان التزامهم بخطة التغيير.
{"title":"أثر جودة قرارات الإدارة العليا في مقاومة التغيير لدى الأكاديميين","authors":"فداء عبدالحميد قرمش","doi":"10.31559/gjeb2023.13.1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31559/gjeb2023.13.1.1","url":null,"abstract":"هدفت الدراسة إلى تحديد أثر جودة قرارات الإدارة العليا في مقاومة التغيير لدى الأكاديميين في جامعة الاستقلال، وذلك لما لجودة القرارات المتخذة من اهمية لمتخذ القرار والمؤسسة التي يمثلها في مواجهة المشكلات والتحديات المختلفة التي تواجهها المؤسسة في ظل البيئات الديناميكية، وتعزيز الفرص أمامها لتحقيق التقدم في مواجهة المؤسسات التعليمية الأخرى المنافسة لها. لقد تمثل مجتمع الدراسة بجامعة الاستقلال، ولتحقيق أهداف الدراسة قامت الباحثة بتطوير أداة الدراسة (الاستبانة)، والتي تكونت من (34) فقرة، وقد استهدفت الأكاديميين في هذه الجامعة. وتوصلت الدراسة إلى وجود أثر ذا دلالة إحصائية عند مستوى دلالة (α ≤ 0.05) لجودة قرارات الادارة العليا بأبعادها في مقاومة التغيير بأبعادها مجتمعة. وفي ضوء نتائج الدراسة اوصت الباحثة بالآتي: ضرورة إشراك الأكاديميين عند اتخاذ القرارات المتعلقة بأقسامهم، والحرص أن تحظى هذه القرارات بالقبول مما ينعكس بشكل إيجابي على أدائهم، وكذلك تشجيعهم من خلال تقديم الحوافز والمزايا لضمان التزامهم بخطة التغيير.","PeriodicalId":32548,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Economics and Business","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41872500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-01DOI: 10.31559/gjeb2023.13.1.2
محمد علي محمد يوسف
هدفت الدراسة إلى التعرف على المهارات الإدارية وتأثيرها في إدارة الصراع التنظيمي/ دراسة استطلاعية لآراء عينة من الأفراد العاملين في هيئة الطرق والجسور ومصارف المياه والنقل بولاية الخرطوم. وتمثلت أهميتها في تسليط الضؤ حول ضرورة استخدام المهارات الإدارية كأسلوب إداري فعال في بئيات الأعمال المختلفة بالمنظمات. واتضحت مشكلتها في أن نشؤ ظاهرة الصراع التنظيمي بمنظمات الأعمال أضحت عقبة تعاني منها الكثير من المنظمات في الوقت الحالي نتيجة لتعدد وتنوع أسبابها وأن هذه النزعات والصراعات التنظيمية رغم اختلاف أسبابها وأنواعها وحدتها فإنها تؤدي بلا شك إلى نتائج سلبية بصورة مباشرة أو غير مباشرة في أداء الأعمال بالمنظمات. اعتمدت الدراسة على الاستبانة كاداة رئيسة في جمع بياناتها الأولية. استخدمت الدراسة أسلوب العينة العشوائية حيث تم توزيع عدد (30) استمارة على عدد من العاملين برئاسة الهيئة بنسبة استرجاع بلغت (88%) من مجموع العاملين برئاسة الهيئة البالغ عددهم (84) موظف. استخدمت الدراسة المنهج الوصفي التحليلي وبرنامج SPSS في تحليل بياناتها الاساسية. توصلت الدراسة إلى مجموعة من النتائج أهمها: وجود علاقة ذات دلالة إحصائية بين المهارات الإدارية (الاداركية، الفنية والإنسانية) وإدارة الصراع التنظيمي بهيئة الطرق والجسور ومصارف المياه والنقل بولاية الخرطوم. أن قلة الموارد وندرتها تؤدي إلى نشؤ ظاهرة الصراع التنظيمي بالمنظمات. وفي الختام أوصت الدراسة بمايلي: ضرورة استخدام مهارات (الحوار، الاقناع والتسوية، والتواصل الفعال) في إدارة الصراع التنظيمي بمنظمات الأعمال. ضرورة توفير كافة المستلزمات والموارد التي تساعد في الحد من نشؤ ظاهرة الصراع التنظيمي بمنظمات الأعمال.
{"title":"المهارات الإدارية وتأثيرها في إدارة الصراع التنظيمي- دراسة استطلاعية لآراء عينة من الأفراد العاملين في هيئة الطرق والجسور ومصارف المياه والنقل بولاية الخرطوم","authors":"محمد علي محمد يوسف","doi":"10.31559/gjeb2023.13.1.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31559/gjeb2023.13.1.2","url":null,"abstract":"هدفت الدراسة إلى التعرف على المهارات الإدارية وتأثيرها في إدارة الصراع التنظيمي/ دراسة استطلاعية لآراء عينة من الأفراد العاملين في هيئة الطرق والجسور ومصارف المياه والنقل بولاية الخرطوم. وتمثلت أهميتها في تسليط الضؤ حول ضرورة استخدام المهارات الإدارية كأسلوب إداري فعال في بئيات الأعمال المختلفة بالمنظمات. واتضحت مشكلتها في أن نشؤ ظاهرة الصراع التنظيمي بمنظمات الأعمال أضحت عقبة تعاني منها الكثير من المنظمات في الوقت الحالي نتيجة لتعدد وتنوع أسبابها وأن هذه النزعات والصراعات التنظيمية رغم اختلاف أسبابها وأنواعها وحدتها فإنها تؤدي بلا شك إلى نتائج سلبية بصورة مباشرة أو غير مباشرة في أداء الأعمال بالمنظمات. اعتمدت الدراسة على الاستبانة كاداة رئيسة في جمع بياناتها الأولية. استخدمت الدراسة أسلوب العينة العشوائية حيث تم توزيع عدد (30) استمارة على عدد من العاملين برئاسة الهيئة بنسبة استرجاع بلغت (88%) من مجموع العاملين برئاسة الهيئة البالغ عددهم (84) موظف. استخدمت الدراسة المنهج الوصفي التحليلي وبرنامج SPSS في تحليل بياناتها الاساسية. توصلت الدراسة إلى مجموعة من النتائج أهمها: وجود علاقة ذات دلالة إحصائية بين المهارات الإدارية (الاداركية، الفنية والإنسانية) وإدارة الصراع التنظيمي بهيئة الطرق والجسور ومصارف المياه والنقل بولاية الخرطوم. أن قلة الموارد وندرتها تؤدي إلى نشؤ ظاهرة الصراع التنظيمي بالمنظمات. وفي الختام أوصت الدراسة بمايلي: ضرورة استخدام مهارات (الحوار، الاقناع والتسوية، والتواصل الفعال) في إدارة الصراع التنظيمي بمنظمات الأعمال. ضرورة توفير كافة المستلزمات والموارد التي تساعد في الحد من نشؤ ظاهرة الصراع التنظيمي بمنظمات الأعمال.","PeriodicalId":32548,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Economics and Business","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42160537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-01DOI: 10.31559/gjeb2023.13.1.8
M. Jeza, L. Greyling, KD Ilesanmi
South Africa has consistently suffered double-digit unemployment rates and unstable price levels, with a resultant stifling of economic growth rates. As a result, South Africa’s central bank policymakers have come under scrutiny regarding the adopted policy framework, which seems to be failing the economy with the growing unemployment rate and overall price level increments to prevail and triggering worsened standards of living for citizens. To close the gap in the existing literature, this study examined the trade-off between inflation and unemployment rates in South Africa and its implication on the economy post-1994. The Autoregressive Distributed Lag modelling technique was adopted by this study, where quarterly data spanning from 1994Q1 to 2019Q4 was analysed. Findings dismiss the existence of both the Phillips Curve and the New Keynesian Phillips Curve in South Africa as the inflation and unemployment rates as no Granger causality running from unemployment to inflation was observed from 1994Q1 to 2019Q4, even though there was a negative causality running from inflation, meaning that during these years, increases in the inflation rate resulted in marginal decreases in the unemployment rate. A recommendation to policymakers would be to focus less on inflation targeting, as it was discovered to have a small influence on the unemployment rate. Rather, given the finding that GDP was positively related to inflation, allowing inflation to move more freely could enable stable economic growth that has the potential of reducing unemployment. This study further recommends that the SARB bank should go for targeting output instead.
{"title":"Inflation and Unemployment in the South African Democratic Era: Is There Any Trade-off?","authors":"M. Jeza, L. Greyling, KD Ilesanmi","doi":"10.31559/gjeb2023.13.1.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31559/gjeb2023.13.1.8","url":null,"abstract":"South Africa has consistently suffered double-digit unemployment rates and unstable price levels, with a resultant stifling of economic growth rates. As a result, South Africa’s central bank policymakers have come under scrutiny regarding the adopted policy framework, which seems to be failing the economy with the growing unemployment rate and overall price level increments to prevail and triggering worsened standards of living for citizens. To close the gap in the existing literature, this study examined the trade-off between inflation and unemployment rates in South Africa and its implication on the economy post-1994. The Autoregressive Distributed Lag modelling technique was adopted by this study, where quarterly data spanning from 1994Q1 to 2019Q4 was analysed. Findings dismiss the existence of both the Phillips Curve and the New Keynesian Phillips Curve in South Africa as the inflation and unemployment rates as no Granger causality running from unemployment to inflation was observed from 1994Q1 to 2019Q4, even though there was a negative causality running from inflation, meaning that during these years, increases in the inflation rate resulted in marginal decreases in the unemployment rate. A recommendation to policymakers would be to focus less on inflation targeting, as it was discovered to have a small influence on the unemployment rate. Rather, given the finding that GDP was positively related to inflation, allowing inflation to move more freely could enable stable economic growth that has the potential of reducing unemployment. This study further recommends that the SARB bank should go for targeting output instead.","PeriodicalId":32548,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Economics and Business","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42200790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-01DOI: 10.31559/gjeb2023.13.1.4
Abdulrahman Atllah Alharbi
COVID-19 pandemic has been highly detrimental to both the overall economy and the financial performances of firms in all sectors. It has placed increased pressure on the manufacturing capacity and supply chains throughout the world, but it has also provided new opportunities for the logistics industry to make advancements in ecommerce. This study analyses the financial performance of 130 Saudi firms that listed on the Saudi Stock Exchange in order to explore those dynamics which belong to the following sectors (energy, material, industrials, consumer discretionary, communication services, consumer staples, healthcare, financial, information technology and utilities). To facilitate comparison between several ratios in 2019 and 2020, the Wilcoxon Signed Rank test was conducted. This study determined that there was no improvement to any of the 130 listed firms in the sample during this time, which is reassuring for businesses in Saudi Arabia, as over the same period, the Saudi Economy shrunk. These findings are useful for businesses to plan for Covid-19 like disruptions in the future.
{"title":"The Impact of COVID-19 on the Financial Performance of Firms in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia","authors":"Abdulrahman Atllah Alharbi","doi":"10.31559/gjeb2023.13.1.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31559/gjeb2023.13.1.4","url":null,"abstract":"COVID-19 pandemic has been highly detrimental to both the overall economy and the financial performances of firms in all sectors. It has placed increased pressure on the manufacturing capacity and supply chains throughout the world, but it has also provided new opportunities for the logistics industry to make advancements in ecommerce. This study analyses the financial performance of 130 Saudi firms that listed on the Saudi Stock Exchange in order to explore those dynamics which belong to the following sectors (energy, material, industrials, consumer discretionary, communication services, consumer staples, healthcare, financial, information technology and utilities). To facilitate comparison between several ratios in 2019 and 2020, the Wilcoxon Signed Rank test was conducted. This study determined that there was no improvement to any of the 130 listed firms in the sample during this time, which is reassuring for businesses in Saudi Arabia, as over the same period, the Saudi Economy shrunk. These findings are useful for businesses to plan for Covid-19 like disruptions in the future.","PeriodicalId":32548,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Economics and Business","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46700877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-01DOI: 10.31559/gjeb2023.13.1.5
Samuel Tabot Enow
Capturing the dynamic properties of financial market volatility has always been very auspicious in asset pricing. The mean reverting properties of financial markets are of paramount importance for investment decision makers with far reaching implications. The purpose of this study was to investigate stochastic volatility in international financial markets during periods of financial distress. Accordingly, a Heston model was used to stochastic volatility in the CAC 40, DAX, JSE, Nasdaq Index and the Nikkei-225 during the 2007-2008 financial crisis and the Covid-19 pandemic. This study used January 1, 2020 to December 31, 2021 and December 1, 2007 to June 30, 2009 as the sample period representing the Covid-19 pandemic and financial crisis respectively. The findings of this study revealed the extortionate stochastic volatility during the Covid-19 pandemic compared to the financial crisis. There will be slightly higher than normal arbitrage opportunities and mispricing in most financial markets as a result of the pandemic.
{"title":"Investigating Stochastic Volatility during Periods of Financial Distress: Evidence from International Financial Markets","authors":"Samuel Tabot Enow","doi":"10.31559/gjeb2023.13.1.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31559/gjeb2023.13.1.5","url":null,"abstract":"Capturing the dynamic properties of financial market volatility has always been very auspicious in asset pricing. The mean reverting properties of financial markets are of paramount importance for investment decision makers with far reaching implications. The purpose of this study was to investigate stochastic volatility in international financial markets during periods of financial distress. Accordingly, a Heston model was used to stochastic volatility in the CAC 40, DAX, JSE, Nasdaq Index and the Nikkei-225 during the 2007-2008 financial crisis and the Covid-19 pandemic. This study used January 1, 2020 to December 31, 2021 and December 1, 2007 to June 30, 2009 as the sample period representing the Covid-19 pandemic and financial crisis respectively. The findings of this study revealed the extortionate stochastic volatility during the Covid-19 pandemic compared to the financial crisis. There will be slightly higher than normal arbitrage opportunities and mispricing in most financial markets as a result of the pandemic.","PeriodicalId":32548,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Economics and Business","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48007753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-01DOI: 10.31559/gjeb2023.13.1.6
F. Zowid
The literature is abundant with research studies that have been developed to provide an efficient model which has never been studied for multicriteria inventory classification MCIC problems. Therefore, this study proposes two hybrid inventory classification systems. Recently, the TOPSIS model has been widely developed, initially examined, and found very efficient to the (MCIC) due to its advantages and simplicity of use. In contrast, to the best of our knowledge, the PROMETHEE II and COPRAS models for determining (criteria weights) parameter values and classification, resulting in low/or competitive inventory cost and high service level. The proposed models utilize two sets of weights of CRITIC and Spearman’s rho (SR) tools for learning and optimizing PROMETHEE II and COPARS. In addition, a performance analysis is validated using a real-world dataset composed of 63 stock-keeping units (SKUs). The performance is compared to existing six MCIC classification models. The results reflect performances of the proposed models. Additionally, the comparative analysis indicates that the COPRAS model is the most preferred. Finally, the performance of the proposed models can be a great support for the overall supply chain system and decisions.
{"title":"Proposing New Hybrid Models for Multicriteria Inventory ABC Classification","authors":"F. Zowid","doi":"10.31559/gjeb2023.13.1.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31559/gjeb2023.13.1.6","url":null,"abstract":"The literature is abundant with research studies that have been developed to provide an efficient model which has never been studied for multicriteria inventory classification MCIC problems. Therefore, this study proposes two hybrid inventory classification systems. Recently, the TOPSIS model has been widely developed, initially examined, and found very efficient to the (MCIC) due to its advantages and simplicity of use. In contrast, to the best of our knowledge, the PROMETHEE II and COPRAS models for determining (criteria weights) parameter values and classification, resulting in low/or competitive inventory cost and high service level. The proposed models utilize two sets of weights of CRITIC and Spearman’s rho (SR) tools for learning and optimizing PROMETHEE II and COPARS. In addition, a performance analysis is validated using a real-world dataset composed of 63 stock-keeping units (SKUs). The performance is compared to existing six MCIC classification models. The results reflect performances of the proposed models. Additionally, the comparative analysis indicates that the COPRAS model is the most preferred. Finally, the performance of the proposed models can be a great support for the overall supply chain system and decisions.","PeriodicalId":32548,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Economics and Business","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45067255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Suwaiba Shehu Ibrahim, Bruce Frank Ambore, Musa Kallamu Hassan, H. Gambo
This paper assessed the impact of some external business environment on Small and Medium Enterprises of Kaduna state of Nigeria. The study population embraced SMEs registered with Small and Medium Enterprise Development Agency of Nigeria in Kaduna State with the total of 904. Taro Yamane formula was used to obtain a sample size of 400. The study takes on survey design. Findings revealed that infrastructural facilities have a significant and positive effect on SME’s service quality (0.142: p= 0.067<0.05).The government taxation policy have a significant and positive effect on sales revenue (0.146: p= 0.314<0.05). On the government/institutional support variable, result shows that it have a positive but no significant influence on job creation (0.544: p= 0.000>0.05). The analysis of insecurity and market growth shows a negative and significant effect of insecurity on SMEs market growth potentials (0.038: p= 0.769<0.05). At tail end, infrastructural facilities, taxation policy, and insecurity had a significant effect on service quality, sales revenue, and market growth respectively, government/institutional support have no significant effect on job creation. It was recommended that in order to supplement on the whole performance, SMEs should always make sure adequate scan of the external business environment to identify possible threats and opportunities surrounded by their working environment, In addition the government should charge a lower tax to augment increase in revenue base of SMEs. Also, infrastructural facilities in Kaduna state, should be given appropriate concentration, in the same vein, there is a need for the government to endorse extra attempt in conditions of policy arrangement and accomplishment.
{"title":"An assessment of business environments and their effects on small and medium enterprises in Kaduna State-Nigeria","authors":"Suwaiba Shehu Ibrahim, Bruce Frank Ambore, Musa Kallamu Hassan, H. Gambo","doi":"10.58934/jgeb.v4i13.147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58934/jgeb.v4i13.147","url":null,"abstract":"This paper assessed the impact of some external business environment on Small and Medium Enterprises of Kaduna state of Nigeria. The study population embraced SMEs registered with Small and Medium Enterprise Development Agency of Nigeria in Kaduna State with the total of 904. Taro Yamane formula was used to obtain a sample size of 400. The study takes on survey design. Findings revealed that infrastructural facilities have a significant and positive effect on SME’s service quality (0.142: p= 0.067<0.05).The government taxation policy have a significant and positive effect on sales revenue (0.146: p= 0.314<0.05). On the government/institutional support variable, result shows that it have a positive but no significant influence on job creation (0.544: p= 0.000>0.05). The analysis of insecurity and market growth shows a negative and significant effect of insecurity on SMEs market growth potentials (0.038: p= 0.769<0.05). At tail end, infrastructural facilities, taxation policy, and insecurity had a significant effect on service quality, sales revenue, and market growth respectively, government/institutional support have no significant effect on job creation. It was recommended that in order to supplement on the whole performance, SMEs should always make sure adequate scan of the external business environment to identify possible threats and opportunities surrounded by their working environment, In addition the government should charge a lower tax to augment increase in revenue base of SMEs. Also, infrastructural facilities in Kaduna state, should be given appropriate concentration, in the same vein, there is a need for the government to endorse extra attempt in conditions of policy arrangement and accomplishment.","PeriodicalId":32548,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Economics and Business","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72939122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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