This work examines, in addition to Paul Pierre Broca’s psycholinguistic contributions, his adherence and contribution to Basque linguistics. Three areas have been analyzed: neurological discoveries are exposed. We have examined the paper «Sur l’origine et la répartition de la langue basque. Basques français et basques espagnols» (Broca, 1875), in order to present the main hypotheses and reflections that appear in it, referring to the geographical drift of the Basque language and the sociolinguistic situation of the 19th century, among other areas.
这项工作检查，除了保罗皮埃尔布罗卡的心理语言学贡献，他的坚持和贡献巴斯克语言学。分析了三个领域:神经学的发现。我们已经审查了论文«Sur l ' originine et la r partition de la language basque»。《巴斯克法语和巴斯克西班牙语》(Broca, 1875)，以呈现其中出现的主要假设和反思，涉及巴斯克语的地理漂移和19世纪的社会语言学情况，以及其他地区。
{"title":"Garibairen errefrauetako diago: euskara, zakurrak eta ustekabeko beste etimologia batzuk","authors":"Joanes Atxa Olaiz","doi":"10.35462/flv133.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35462/flv133.2","url":null,"abstract":"This work examines, in addition to Paul Pierre Broca’s psycholinguistic contributions, his adherence and contribution to Basque linguistics. Three areas have been analyzed: neurological discoveries are exposed. We have examined the paper «Sur l’origine et la répartition de la langue basque. Basques français et basques espagnols» (Broca, 1875), in order to present the main hypotheses and reflections that appear in it, referring to the geographical drift of the Basque language and the sociolinguistic situation of the 19th century, among other areas.","PeriodicalId":32721,"journal":{"name":"Fontes Linguae Vasconum","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45458742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The development of the prosodic system of Goizueta is the main point of disagreement the two last hypotheses –Hualde’s and Egurtzegi & Elordieta’s– will be compared, highlighting their main strengths and shortcomings in order to evaluate each proposal’s plausibility. After the comparison, Egurtzegi and Elordieta’s hypothesis is favored, be-cause its main shortcoming (that is, the need of proposing analogical processes between of this proposal are absent in the former.
{"title":"Goizuetako azentueraren garapena kokatzen Euskara Batu Zaharraren prosodia zehazteko: proposamenen ebaluazioa","authors":"Ander Egurtzegi","doi":"10.35462/flv133.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35462/flv133.1","url":null,"abstract":"The development of the prosodic system of Goizueta is the main point of disagreement\u0000the two last hypotheses –Hualde’s and Egurtzegi & Elordieta’s– will be compared, highlighting their main strengths and shortcomings in order to evaluate each proposal’s plausibility. After the comparison, Egurtzegi and Elordieta’s hypothesis is favored, be-cause its main shortcoming (that is, the need of proposing analogical processes between\u0000of this proposal are absent in the former.","PeriodicalId":32721,"journal":{"name":"Fontes Linguae Vasconum","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47792792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
One of the areas of investigation in the domain of language revitalization is the study of the linguistic landscape, and the languages plans aimed to revitalise the Basque language have influenced it, for instance, the plan «Merkataritza euskaraz» set up by the Community of Sakana in Navarre. In this context, this work constitutes a preliminary approach to the study of linguistic landscape of the commerce in the town of Altsasu. Results show that Basque is present in Altsasu’s commerce; however, important differences have been identified depending on some sociolinguistic variables.
{"title":"Altsasuko hizkuntza-paisaiaren azterketa euskararen biziberritzearen testuinguruan: merkataritzako esparrua","authors":"Idoia Granizo Uribarrena","doi":"10.35462/flv133.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35462/flv133.5","url":null,"abstract":"One of the areas of investigation in the domain of language revitalization is the study of the linguistic landscape, and the languages plans aimed to revitalise the Basque language have influenced it, for instance, the plan «Merkataritza euskaraz» set up by the Community of Sakana in Navarre. In this context, this work constitutes a preliminary approach to the study of linguistic landscape of the commerce in the town of Altsasu. Results show that Basque is present in Altsasu’s commerce; however, important differences have been identified depending on some sociolinguistic variables.","PeriodicalId":32721,"journal":{"name":"Fontes Linguae Vasconum","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45570932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
From the 80s on, contributions to Basque literary criticism and research from feminist perspectives began to appear. An analysis of this tendency has been made through three publications: Hogoigarren mendeko emakumeak idazle: antologia eta ohar batzuk by Itxaro Borda (1984), the Emakumea eta literatura issue of the journal Jakin (1987) and Linda White’s thesis Emakumeen hitzak euskaraz: Basque Women Writers of the Twentieth Century (1996). Moreover, we have compared these three sources to existing analogous trends in anthropology and art. We emphasize that they proposed a turn from the archetypical to actual experience, based on the diversity of female experiences.
从80年代开始，从女性主义角度对巴斯克文学批评和研究的贡献开始出现。对这一趋势的分析主要通过以下三种出版物进行:itxaro Borda的《hogoigarenn mendeko emakumeak idazle: antologia eta ohar batzuk》(1984)、《Jakin》杂志的《emakumeak eta literature》(1987)和Linda White的论文《Emakumeen hitzak euskaraz: 20世纪巴斯克女作家》(1996)。此外，我们还将这三种来源与人类学和艺术领域现有的类似趋势进行了比较。我们强调，他们提出了从原型到实际经验的转变，基于女性经验的多样性。
{"title":"Irudikapenetik esperientziara: euskal literaturaren ikerketa feministaren hastapenak XX. mendearen bukaeran","authors":"Maite Luengo Aguirre","doi":"10.35462/flv133.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35462/flv133.4","url":null,"abstract":"From the 80s on, contributions to Basque literary criticism and research from feminist\u0000perspectives began to appear. An analysis of this tendency has been made through three\u0000publications: Hogoigarren mendeko emakumeak idazle: antologia eta ohar batzuk by\u0000Itxaro Borda (1984), the Emakumea eta literatura issue of the journal Jakin (1987)\u0000and Linda White’s thesis Emakumeen hitzak euskaraz: Basque Women Writers of the\u0000Twentieth Century (1996). Moreover, we have compared these three sources to existing\u0000analogous trends in anthropology and art. We emphasize that they proposed a turn\u0000from the archetypical to actual experience, based on the diversity of female experiences.","PeriodicalId":32721,"journal":{"name":"Fontes Linguae Vasconum","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44551709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Erreseina. Euskal literatura itzuliaren egiturak eta islak (1975-2015)","authors":"Ane Irizar Melero","doi":"10.35462/flv133.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35462/flv133.8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":32721,"journal":{"name":"Fontes Linguae Vasconum","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43771576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this paper we explore the person restrictions that the impersonal construction presents: the person condition of the external argument and the person restriction on the internal argument. We propose that the external argument of the impersonal is a silent pronoun of DP category (pro) that must be interpreted as [+human]. This argument is located at the specifier of Voice. Additionally, we also argue that Voice is defective in impersonals and that this explains the restricted case and agreement relations of the construction. Since Voice is defective, both the external and the internal arguments must Agree with T(ense), which causes the person restriction on the internal argument.
{"title":"Pertsona murriztapenak ditu egitura inpertsonalak: euskararen kasua","authors":"Ane Odria, Ane Berro, Beatriz Fernández","doi":"10.35462/flv133.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35462/flv133.7","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we explore the person restrictions that the impersonal construction presents: the person condition of the external argument and the person restriction on the internal argument. We propose that the external argument of the impersonal is a silent pronoun of DP category (pro) that must be interpreted as [+human]. This argument is located at the specifier of Voice. Additionally, we also argue that Voice is defective in impersonals and that this explains the restricted case and agreement relations of the construction. Since Voice is defective, both the external and the internal arguments must Agree with T(ense), which causes the person restriction on the internal argument.","PeriodicalId":32721,"journal":{"name":"Fontes Linguae Vasconum","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47558792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Recently, the Royal and General Archive of Navarre has received Fermin Irigaray’s and Angel Irigaray’s collection of documents as a donation. The collection reflects the outstanding contribution these two men (father and son) made in the 20th century in favour of the Basque language. Among others, it includes old texts, manuscripts, articles, press, journals, books, drafts, and notebooks, starting from the 17th century and, mostly to the 19th and 20th centuries. Since it is an interesting material to study the history of the Basque language, Fontes Linguae Vasconum will publish the cathalogue of the documentation in two parts. This first part includes published documents.
最近，纳瓦拉皇家和总档案馆收到了Fermin Irigaray和Angel Irigaray的文件收藏作为捐赠。该收藏反映了这两个人（父子）在20世纪对巴斯克语的杰出贡献。除其他外，它包括从17世纪开始的旧文本、手稿、文章、报刊、期刊、书籍、草稿和笔记本，主要到19世纪和20世纪。由于研究巴斯克语的历史是一种有趣的材料，Fontes Linguae Vasconum将分两部分出版该文献的目录。第一部分包括已发表的文件。
{"title":"Varia. Irigarai familiaren funtsa Nafarroako Errege Artxibo Nagusian: katalogoa","authors":"Ekaitz Santazilia","doi":"10.35462/flv133.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35462/flv133.9","url":null,"abstract":"Recently, the Royal and General Archive of Navarre has received Fermin Irigaray’s and Angel Irigaray’s collection of documents as a donation. The collection reflects the outstanding contribution these two men (father and son) made in the 20th century in favour of the Basque language. Among others, it includes old texts, manuscripts, articles, press, journals, books, drafts, and notebooks, starting from the 17th century and, mostly to the 19th and 20th centuries. Since it is an interesting material to study the history of the Basque language, Fontes Linguae Vasconum will publish the cathalogue of the documentation in two parts. This first part includes published documents.","PeriodicalId":32721,"journal":{"name":"Fontes Linguae Vasconum","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45128896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Izaro Bedialauneta Txurruka, Jennifer Zhang, J. I. Hualde
The goal of this paper is to investigate the effects of intonational differences across Basque varieties. We have chosen three Markina Basque contours as stimuli in a perception experiment: those that are used in declaratives, yes-no questions and verum focus sentences. Stimuli include both natural and manipulated contours. Three participant groups (with Markina Basque, another Basque variety or Spanish as L1) classified stimuli as questions or statements. The results show that Markina Basque speakers differ from the other two groups in the interpretation of the contours. Markina speakers attend mostly to the tonal contour of the last syllable to identify questions.
{"title":"Euskal doinueren ulermena: Markinako galderak eta baieztapenak","authors":"Izaro Bedialauneta Txurruka, Jennifer Zhang, J. I. Hualde","doi":"10.35462/flv133.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35462/flv133.6","url":null,"abstract":"The goal of this paper is to investigate the effects of intonational differences across Basque varieties. We have chosen three Markina Basque contours as stimuli in a perception experiment: those that are used in declaratives, yes-no questions and verum focus sentences. Stimuli include both natural and manipulated contours. Three participant groups (with Markina Basque, another Basque variety or Spanish as L1) classified stimuli as questions or statements. The results show that Markina Basque speakers differ from the other two groups in the interpretation of the contours. Markina speakers attend mostly to the tonal contour of the last syllable to identify questions.","PeriodicalId":32721,"journal":{"name":"Fontes Linguae Vasconum","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69820211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In 2014, several manuscripts on religious themes, three of them written in Basque, appeared in the parish house of Egiarreta (Arakil, Navarre), without a date and undoubtedly written by a parish priest of this town. They could correspond to the last decade of the 18th century or the first two of the 19th. This article analyzes the historical context of the village in this period. In addition, it gives a list of successive parish priests in order to deduce who could have been the authors of two of these texts. Finally, an exhaustive analysis of the texts is carried out with their transcription and linguistic description. 2014. urtean Arakilgo Egiarretako abadetxe zaharrean, erlijio-gaia duten zenbait eskuiz kribu, horietako hiru euskaraz, agertu ziren, zalantzarik gabe, herriko apezen batek idatziak. Ez dute datarik, baina XVIII. mendeko azken hamarkadaren eta XIX.eko lehen bietakoen artekoak izan daitezke. Artikulu honek, alde batetik, garai horretako Egiarretako testuinguru historikoaren berri ematen du. Honetaz gain, garai horretako apezen zerrenda egin eta horietako zein izan zitekeen eskuizkribuetako biren egilea ere ondorioztatzeko ahalegina egin da. Azkenik, eskuizkribuen transkripzioaren ondoren, haien hizkuntza-deskribapena dator, zenbait ondoriorekin batera.
{"title":"Egiarretako hiru eskuizkribu euskaraz (XVIII.-XIX. mendeen mugan)","authors":"Juan Madariaga Orbea, Jose Luis Erdozia Mauleon","doi":"10.35462/flv132.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35462/flv132.2","url":null,"abstract":"In 2014, several manuscripts on religious themes, three of them written in Basque, appeared in the parish house of Egiarreta (Arakil, Navarre), without a date and undoubtedly written by a parish priest of this town. They could correspond to the last decade of the 18th century or the first two of the 19th. This article analyzes the historical context of the village in this period. In addition, it gives a list of successive parish priests in order to deduce who could have been the authors of two of these texts. Finally, an exhaustive analysis of the texts is carried out with their transcription and linguistic description.\u0000\u00002014. urtean Arakilgo Egiarretako abadetxe zaharrean, erlijio-gaia duten zenbait eskuiz kribu, horietako hiru euskaraz, agertu ziren, zalantzarik gabe, herriko apezen batek idatziak. Ez dute datarik, baina XVIII. mendeko azken hamarkadaren eta XIX.eko lehen bietakoen artekoak izan daitezke. Artikulu honek, alde batetik, garai horretako Egiarretako testuinguru historikoaren berri ematen du. Honetaz gain, garai horretako apezen zerrenda egin eta horietako zein izan zitekeen eskuizkribuetako biren egilea ere ondorioztatzeko ahalegina egin da. Azkenik, eskuizkribuen transkripzioaren ondoren, haien hizkuntza-deskribapena dator, zenbait ondoriorekin batera.","PeriodicalId":32721,"journal":{"name":"Fontes Linguae Vasconum","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42419627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study deeply analyses the Japanese series Dragon Ball, broadcast by ETB1 in the 90s, and it is focused on the use of the different address forms in the Basque translation. We describe the qualitative work about the contents of the series and the information elicited during the interviews to the main agents of the translation process. The translators took much advantage of the informal form of address, not only because many characters use it very often, but also because the different connotations that hika can suggest are present in the series. We specially observed a top-down use of hika, and this hierarchy is established by different factors: age, power and evil, among others. 90eko hamarkadan ETB1ek igorritako Dragoi Bola telesail japoniarraren azterketa xehea egiten da lan honetan, euskarazko itzulpenean hizkuntza-tratamenduei ematen zaien erabilerari erreparatuta. Telesaileko edukien azterketa kualitatiboa eta telesailaren euskarazko itzulpenean parte hartu zutenei elkarrizketak eginda ikusitakoen berri ematen da. Hitanoaren erabilera bereziki zukutu zuten itzultzaileek, bai pertsonaia askok franko erabiltzen dutelako, bai hitanoak pertsonaiei eman diezazkiekeen konnotazio ugariak presente daudelako. Goitik beherako hitanoa ikusi dugu nagusiki, eta hierarkia hori zenbait faktorek markatzen dute: adinak, botereak eta gaiztotasunak, besteak beste.
本研究对90年代ETB1播出的日剧《龙珠》进行了深入的分析，重点探讨了巴斯克语翻译中不同称呼形式的使用。我们描述了关于该系列内容的定性工作，以及在采访翻译过程中获得的信息。译者充分利用了称呼的非正式形式，不仅因为许多角色经常使用它，还因为hika可以暗示的不同含义在该系列中存在。我们特别观察到hika的自上而下的使用，这种等级制度是由不同的因素建立的：年龄、权力和邪恶等。90 ETB1在本研究中详细介绍了日本Dragoi Bola telesail在支持语言治疗方面传输的日本Dragoii Bola Telesalil的使用情况。据报道，那些参与望远镜内容质量和望远镜调查的人正在参与已经进行的对话。希坦专门使用的翻译人员，既因为许多人使用法郎，也因为希坦可以给人们带来许多内涵。我们主要看到了上述因素，这种等级制度标志着几个因素：年龄、权力和邪恶，以及其他因素。
{"title":"Hizkuntza-tratamenduak Dragoi Bolan: hierarkia, gaiztotasuna eta etsaitasuna","authors":"Garbiñe Bereziartua, Beñat Muguruza","doi":"10.35462/flv132.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35462/flv132.3","url":null,"abstract":"This study deeply analyses the Japanese series Dragon Ball, broadcast by ETB1 in the 90s, and it is focused on the use of the different address forms in the Basque translation. We describe the qualitative work about the contents of the series and the information elicited during the interviews to the main agents of the translation process. The translators took much advantage of the informal form of address, not only because many characters use it very often, but also because the different connotations that hika can suggest are present in the series. We specially observed a top-down use of hika, and this hierarchy is established by different factors: age, power and evil, among others.\u0000\u000090eko hamarkadan ETB1ek igorritako Dragoi Bola telesail japoniarraren azterketa xehea egiten da lan honetan, euskarazko itzulpenean hizkuntza-tratamenduei ematen zaien erabilerari erreparatuta. Telesaileko edukien azterketa kualitatiboa eta telesailaren euskarazko itzulpenean parte hartu zutenei elkarrizketak eginda ikusitakoen berri ematen da. Hitanoaren erabilera bereziki zukutu zuten itzultzaileek, bai pertsonaia askok franko erabiltzen dutelako, bai hitanoak pertsonaiei eman diezazkiekeen konnotazio ugariak presente daudelako. Goitik beherako hitanoa ikusi dugu nagusiki, eta hierarkia hori zenbait faktorek markatzen dute: adinak, botereak eta gaiztotasunak, besteak beste.","PeriodicalId":32721,"journal":{"name":"Fontes Linguae Vasconum","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48608438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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