Nicolas Farina, Uzma Niazi, Riona Mc Ardle, Johanna Eronen, Ruth Lowry, Sube Banerjee
Objectives
To understand how psychosocial factors associated with physical activity differ based on disease severity in people with dementia, and how these factors are associated with physical activity participation.
Methods
Eighty-seven people with dementia, alongside their family carer were asked to complete a series of questions related to physical activity participation, including barriers, motivators, and facilitators. Regression models were developed to understand how psychosocial factors were associated with physical activity participation in the cohort.
Results
In the final models, only the absence of intrapersonal barriers was associated with overall physical activity and regular moderate-to-vigorous physical activity. Feelings of relatedness were associated with regular moderate-to-vigorous physical activity only.
Conclusion
Reducing intrapersonal barriers would appear to be a potentially useful strategy to promote physical activity in people with dementia. However, a tailored approach is needed depending on the desired physical activity outcome.
{"title":"Psychosocial factors associated with physical activity in people with dementia: A pilot cross-sectional study","authors":"Nicolas Farina, Uzma Niazi, Riona Mc Ardle, Johanna Eronen, Ruth Lowry, Sube Banerjee","doi":"10.1002/agm2.12364","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/agm2.12364","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To understand how psychosocial factors associated with physical activity differ based on disease severity in people with dementia, and how these factors are associated with physical activity participation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Eighty-seven people with dementia, alongside their family carer were asked to complete a series of questions related to physical activity participation, including barriers, motivators, and facilitators. Regression models were developed to understand how psychosocial factors were associated with physical activity participation in the cohort.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In the final models, only the absence of intrapersonal barriers was associated with overall physical activity and regular moderate-to-vigorous physical activity. Feelings of relatedness were associated with regular moderate-to-vigorous physical activity only.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Reducing intrapersonal barriers would appear to be a potentially useful strategy to promote physical activity in people with dementia. However, a tailored approach is needed depending on the desired physical activity outcome.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":32862,"journal":{"name":"Aging Medicine","volume":"7 5","pages":"543-552"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/agm2.12364","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142588047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yi-Xuan Liao, Yang Ju, He Wang, Xiao-Man Du, Jing Wang, Fan Zhang, Yan-Ming Li
The construction of a quality control system for respiratory medicine is of great significance for improving the quality and homogenization of the diagnosis and treatment of respiratory diseases. The national respiratory quality control work conducted by the China National Respiratory Medicine Quality Control Center was summarized.
{"title":"Respiratory medical quality control system construction in China","authors":"Yi-Xuan Liao, Yang Ju, He Wang, Xiao-Man Du, Jing Wang, Fan Zhang, Yan-Ming Li","doi":"10.1002/agm2.12369","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/agm2.12369","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The construction of a quality control system for respiratory medicine is of great significance for improving the quality and homogenization of the diagnosis and treatment of respiratory diseases. The national respiratory quality control work conducted by the China National Respiratory Medicine Quality Control Center was summarized.\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure></p>","PeriodicalId":32862,"journal":{"name":"Aging Medicine","volume":"7 5","pages":"539-542"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/agm2.12369","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142588273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease that is characterized by amyloid plaques, neurofibrillary tangles, and neuronal loss. Early cerebral and body iron dysregulation and accumulation interact with AD pathology, particularly in the precuneus, a crucial functional hub in cognitive functions. Quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM), a novel post-processing approach, provides insights into tissue iron levels and cerebral oxygen metabolism and reveals abnormal iron accumulation early in AD. Increased iron deposition in the precuneus can lead to oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and accelerated neurodegeneration. Metabolic disorders (diabetes, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and obesity), genetic factors, and small vessel pathology contribute to abnormal iron accumulation in the precuneus. Therefore, in line with the growing body of literature in the precuneus region of patients with AD, QSM as a neuroimaging method could serve as a non-invasive biomarker to track disease progression, complement other imaging modalities, and aid in early AD diagnosis and monitoring.
{"title":"Iron accumulation/overload and Alzheimer's disease risk factors in the precuneus region: A comprehensive narrative review","authors":"Sana Mohammadi, Sadegh Ghaderi, Farzad Fatehi","doi":"10.1002/agm2.12363","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/agm2.12363","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease that is characterized by amyloid plaques, neurofibrillary tangles, and neuronal loss. Early cerebral and body iron dysregulation and accumulation interact with AD pathology, particularly in the precuneus, a crucial functional hub in cognitive functions. Quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM), a novel post-processing approach, provides insights into tissue iron levels and cerebral oxygen metabolism and reveals abnormal iron accumulation early in AD. Increased iron deposition in the precuneus can lead to oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and accelerated neurodegeneration. Metabolic disorders (diabetes, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and obesity), genetic factors, and small vessel pathology contribute to abnormal iron accumulation in the precuneus. Therefore, in line with the growing body of literature in the precuneus region of patients with AD, QSM as a neuroimaging method could serve as a non-invasive biomarker to track disease progression, complement other imaging modalities, and aid in early AD diagnosis and monitoring.</p>","PeriodicalId":32862,"journal":{"name":"Aging Medicine","volume":"7 5","pages":"649-667"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/agm2.12363","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142588268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
<div> <section> <h3> Objective</h3> <p>The objective of this study is to examine the epidemiological characteristics of very elderly patients (aged over 80 years) with cancer admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU), and to elucidate the association between Acute Physiology Score III (APS-III) and 28-day mortality.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Method</h3> <p>A retrospective analysis was conducted using data extracted from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV (MIMIC-IV) database. Patients aged 80 years and above were assigned to three groups: non-cancer group, non-metastatic cancer group, and metastatic cancer group, based on their cancer diagnosis and its extent, Kaplan–Meier curves were constructed among these patient groups. Furthermore, patients were divided into a survival group and a non-survival group based on their 28-day survival status after ICU admission. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to detect the risk factors for 28-day mortality among these patients. Additionally, this investigation sought to establish a dose–response relationship by exploring the graded association between APS-III scores and the 28-day mortalities among patients diagnosed with cancer.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Results</h3> <p>A total of 42,037 medical records were screened, from which 11,461 elderly patients aged over 80 years were included, comprising 1020 (8.90%) with non-metastatic cancer, 537 (4.68%) with metastatic cancer, and 9904 (86.41%) without cancer. Significant differences in 28-day mortality were observed between both the non-metastatic and metastatic cancer groups compared to the non-cancer group (20.98% and 22.35% vs. 15.75%, <i>p</i> < 0.001). However, no statistically significant difference was detected in the 28-day mortality rate when comparing the non-metastatic cancer group directly with the metastatic cancer group (20.98% vs. 22.35%, <i>p</i> = 0.576). Univariate analysis revealed significant differences (<i>p</i> < 0.001) in age, gender, BMI, aCCI excluding cancer point, ventilation, presence of cancer, and status of metastatic cancer between the survival and non-survival groups. In the multivariate logistic regression, the odds ratio (OR) for ventilation was found to be 2.154 (95% CI: 1.799–2.578), cancer conferred an OR of 1.499 (95% CI: 1.137–1.975), metastatic cancer showed an OR of 1.171 (95% CI: 0.745–1.841), APS-III showed an OR of 1.038 (95% CI: 1.034–1.042). A dose–response relationship was observed, demonstrating that when the APS-III score exceeded 80 points, the 28-day mortality rate surpassed 50% among the very elderly cancer patients in ICU.</p> </se
{"title":"Short-term mortality among very elderly cancer patients in the intensive care unit: A retrospective cohort study based on the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV database","authors":"Taotao Liu, Runyu Ding","doi":"10.1002/agm2.12358","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/agm2.12358","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The objective of this study is to examine the epidemiological characteristics of very elderly patients (aged over 80 years) with cancer admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU), and to elucidate the association between Acute Physiology Score III (APS-III) and 28-day mortality.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A retrospective analysis was conducted using data extracted from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV (MIMIC-IV) database. Patients aged 80 years and above were assigned to three groups: non-cancer group, non-metastatic cancer group, and metastatic cancer group, based on their cancer diagnosis and its extent, Kaplan–Meier curves were constructed among these patient groups. Furthermore, patients were divided into a survival group and a non-survival group based on their 28-day survival status after ICU admission. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to detect the risk factors for 28-day mortality among these patients. Additionally, this investigation sought to establish a dose–response relationship by exploring the graded association between APS-III scores and the 28-day mortalities among patients diagnosed with cancer.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 42,037 medical records were screened, from which 11,461 elderly patients aged over 80 years were included, comprising 1020 (8.90%) with non-metastatic cancer, 537 (4.68%) with metastatic cancer, and 9904 (86.41%) without cancer. Significant differences in 28-day mortality were observed between both the non-metastatic and metastatic cancer groups compared to the non-cancer group (20.98% and 22.35% vs. 15.75%, <i>p</i> < 0.001). However, no statistically significant difference was detected in the 28-day mortality rate when comparing the non-metastatic cancer group directly with the metastatic cancer group (20.98% vs. 22.35%, <i>p</i> = 0.576). Univariate analysis revealed significant differences (<i>p</i> < 0.001) in age, gender, BMI, aCCI excluding cancer point, ventilation, presence of cancer, and status of metastatic cancer between the survival and non-survival groups. In the multivariate logistic regression, the odds ratio (OR) for ventilation was found to be 2.154 (95% CI: 1.799–2.578), cancer conferred an OR of 1.499 (95% CI: 1.137–1.975), metastatic cancer showed an OR of 1.171 (95% CI: 0.745–1.841), APS-III showed an OR of 1.038 (95% CI: 1.034–1.042). A dose–response relationship was observed, demonstrating that when the APS-III score exceeded 80 points, the 28-day mortality rate surpassed 50% among the very elderly cancer patients in ICU.</p>\u0000 </se","PeriodicalId":32862,"journal":{"name":"Aging Medicine","volume":"7 5","pages":"580-587"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/agm2.12358","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142588259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alberto Castagna, Vincenzo Militano, Carmen Ruberto, Ciro Manzo, Giovanni Ruotolo
The geriatric vision of palliative care is based on a multidisciplinary, patient-centered approach, looking for a balance between human dignity and medical treatments with a particular focus on the social and ethical aspects. In order to develop the best care models, there is a rising need for a tighter collaboration of all the involved players (i.e., doctors, nurses, social workers). Indeed, the idea of a fragmented system without considering the patient or his/her family is not at all applicable to older patients with chronic disease. The causes of death, the phase of death changes, and the extend of last period of life could be a long phase characterized by complicated treatment decisions, difficult management of symptoms, multiple psychosocial problems, and complex spiritual distress. Recently, Italian guidelines on Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment (CGA) have been published. However, none of the identified studies on patients in hospice and other palliative care facilities met the criteria for inclusion. These findings underscore the need for further research to determine the potential benefits of a multidimensional approach for patients in hospice and other palliative care settings. Our reflections and suggestions on the CGA use for older persons in palliative care may be a starting point for an open and continuous dialogue with all the operators concerned.
{"title":"Comprehensive geriatric assessment and palliative care","authors":"Alberto Castagna, Vincenzo Militano, Carmen Ruberto, Ciro Manzo, Giovanni Ruotolo","doi":"10.1002/agm2.12367","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/agm2.12367","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The geriatric vision of palliative care is based on a multidisciplinary, patient-centered approach, looking for a balance between human dignity and medical treatments with a particular focus on the social and ethical aspects. In order to develop the best care models, there is a rising need for a tighter collaboration of all the involved players (i.e., doctors, nurses, social workers). Indeed, the idea of a fragmented system without considering the patient or his/her family is not at all applicable to older patients with chronic disease. The causes of death, the phase of death changes, and the extend of last period of life could be a long phase characterized by complicated treatment decisions, difficult management of symptoms, multiple psychosocial problems, and complex spiritual distress. Recently, Italian guidelines on Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment (CGA) have been published. However, none of the identified studies on patients in hospice and other palliative care facilities met the criteria for inclusion. These findings underscore the need for further research to determine the potential benefits of a multidimensional approach for patients in hospice and other palliative care settings. Our reflections and suggestions on the CGA use for older persons in palliative care may be a starting point for an open and continuous dialogue with all the operators concerned.</p>","PeriodicalId":32862,"journal":{"name":"Aging Medicine","volume":"7 5","pages":"645-648"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/agm2.12367","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142588033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fatemeh Rezaei, Afrooz Mazidimoradi, Zahra Pasokh, Farzaneh Mobasheri, Mohammad Taheri, Hamid Salehiniya, Leila Allahqoli, Ibrahim Alkatout
Objective
This study describes the 2010–2019 trend of cervical cancer (CC) in women over 55 by socio-demographic index (SDI) and geographical regions.
Methods
We obtained data on CC annually from 2010 to 2019 from the 2019 Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) to analyze the incidence, death and prevalence rates, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) associated with CC across different parameters such as global trend, age groups, SDI, continents, World Bank Regions, World Health Organization (WHO) regions, GBD regions, and National and territorial division. This analysis covers data from 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2019.
Results
There were 236,228 CC incidence cases worldwide in 2019, which is a 1.27-fold increase from 2010. Global CC deaths also increased to 169,304 cases in 2019, reflecting a 1.24-fold increase. CC prevalence increased to 769,925 cases in 2019, representing a 1.4-fold rise. The number of CC DALYs globally increased to 3,835,979 cases in 2019, reflecting a 1.24-fold increase. Incidence, death, prevalence, and DALY numbers of CC increased across all age groups females in the 65–69 years age group experienced the highest increase. Middle SDI countries had the highest incidence, death, prevalence, and DALY numbers, while low SDI countries showed increasing trends. Asia exhibited the highest incidence, death, prevalence, and DALY numbers of CC. Upper middle-income countries had the highest incidence, death, prevalence, and DALY numbers, with the highest decreases in these rates except the prevalence rate. The Western Pacific Region showed the highest incidence, death, prevalence, and DALY numbers, with declining rate trends. The Republic of Kiribati showed the highest incidence, death, prevalence, and DALY numbers.
Conclusion
Based on the study results, it is clear that although the global trend of epidemiological indicators of CC is decreasing, the largest proportion of the decreasing trend is related to developing countries. But in regions of Africa and Asia that have a lower level of development, sometimes these indicators show upward trends, which shows the worsening of the problem in these regions and the need for serious policies and plans to implement comprehensive vaccination, screening, and promotion interventions. People's awareness is necessary in the field of better disease control.
{"title":"Global trend of cervical cancer among women aged 55 and older from 2010 to 2019: An analysis by socio-demographic index and geographic regions","authors":"Fatemeh Rezaei, Afrooz Mazidimoradi, Zahra Pasokh, Farzaneh Mobasheri, Mohammad Taheri, Hamid Salehiniya, Leila Allahqoli, Ibrahim Alkatout","doi":"10.1002/agm2.12366","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/agm2.12366","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study describes the 2010–2019 trend of cervical cancer (CC) in women over 55 by socio-demographic index (SDI) and geographical regions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We obtained data on CC annually from 2010 to 2019 from the 2019 Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) to analyze the incidence, death and prevalence rates, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) associated with CC across different parameters such as global trend, age groups, SDI, continents, World Bank Regions, World Health Organization (WHO) regions, GBD regions, and National and territorial division. This analysis covers data from 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2019.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>There were 236,228 CC incidence cases worldwide in 2019, which is a 1.27-fold increase from 2010. Global CC deaths also increased to 169,304 cases in 2019, reflecting a 1.24-fold increase. CC prevalence increased to 769,925 cases in 2019, representing a 1.4-fold rise. The number of CC DALYs globally increased to 3,835,979 cases in 2019, reflecting a 1.24-fold increase. Incidence, death, prevalence, and DALY numbers of CC increased across all age groups females in the 65–69 years age group experienced the highest increase. Middle SDI countries had the highest incidence, death, prevalence, and DALY numbers, while low SDI countries showed increasing trends. Asia exhibited the highest incidence, death, prevalence, and DALY numbers of CC. Upper middle-income countries had the highest incidence, death, prevalence, and DALY numbers, with the highest decreases in these rates except the prevalence rate. The Western Pacific Region showed the highest incidence, death, prevalence, and DALY numbers, with declining rate trends. The Republic of Kiribati showed the highest incidence, death, prevalence, and DALY numbers.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Based on the study results, it is clear that although the global trend of epidemiological indicators of CC is decreasing, the largest proportion of the decreasing trend is related to developing countries. But in regions of Africa and Asia that have a lower level of development, sometimes these indicators show upward trends, which shows the worsening of the problem in these regions and the need for serious policies and plans to implement comprehensive vaccination, screening, and promotion interventions. People's awareness is necessary in the field of better disease control.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":32862,"journal":{"name":"Aging Medicine","volume":"7 5","pages":"614-635"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/agm2.12366","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142588208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Marcos Antonio Lopes, Alberto Stoppe Junior, Ylmar Correa Neto, Eleonora D'Orsi
Objectives
This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of dementia among older adults from Florianópolis, in the Southern Region of Brazil.
Methods
Data were originally drawn from the Epifloripa Aging Cohort Study, a representative and community-based survey designed to evaluate older people's health. This cross-sectional study was conducted in two phases: the community-screening phase, in which the Mini-Mental State Examination and a multifunctional scale were administered to older subjects and close informants, respectively; and the hospital-diagnosis phase, when the Cambridge Examination and the National Institute on Aging criteria were used. Adjustment for screening accuracy was made in order to estimate dementia prevalence.
Results
Of 1184 subjects evaluated in the community, 243 were screened for the diagnosis phase, in which 47 were identified with dementia, resulting in a crude prevalence of 4.5% (95% CI: 3.241–5.758) and an estimated prevalence of 9.2% (95% CI: 7.446–10.954). Dementia was associated with older ages, lower education levels, and the presence of stroke. Mild alcohol use (in comparison with no alcohol use), community-group practice, internet use and a higher level of physical activity, rather than education, decreased the odds ratio for dementia. Education was directly associated with these lifestyle habits.
Conclusions
Prevalence was lower than that in previous studies in the country, and multivariate analysis reinforced the importance of lifestyle in preventing cognitive disorders in the older population.
{"title":"The impact of education as a proxy for lifestyle habits on reducing the association with dementia prevalence in the Southern Region of Brazil","authors":"Marcos Antonio Lopes, Alberto Stoppe Junior, Ylmar Correa Neto, Eleonora D'Orsi","doi":"10.1002/agm2.12362","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/agm2.12362","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of dementia among older adults from Florianópolis, in the Southern Region of Brazil.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Data were originally drawn from the Epifloripa Aging Cohort Study, a representative and community-based survey designed to evaluate older people's health. This cross-sectional study was conducted in two phases: the community-screening phase, in which the Mini-Mental State Examination and a multifunctional scale were administered to older subjects and close informants, respectively; and the hospital-diagnosis phase, when the Cambridge Examination and the National Institute on Aging criteria were used. Adjustment for screening accuracy was made in order to estimate dementia prevalence.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Of 1184 subjects evaluated in the community, 243 were screened for the diagnosis phase, in which 47 were identified with dementia, resulting in a crude prevalence of 4.5% (95% CI: 3.241–5.758) and an estimated prevalence of 9.2% (95% CI: 7.446–10.954). Dementia was associated with older ages, lower education levels, and the presence of stroke. Mild alcohol use (in comparison with no alcohol use), community-group practice, internet use and a higher level of physical activity, rather than education, decreased the odds ratio for dementia. Education was directly associated with these lifestyle habits.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Prevalence was lower than that in previous studies in the country, and multivariate analysis reinforced the importance of lifestyle in preventing cognitive disorders in the older population.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":32862,"journal":{"name":"Aging Medicine","volume":"7 5","pages":"571-579"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/agm2.12362","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142588190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yuting Ruan, Haoyu Luo, Jingyi Tang, Mengyao Ji, Dapeng Yu, Qun Yu, Zhiyu Cao, Yingren Mai, Bei Zhang, Yan Chen, Jun Liu, Wang Liao
Objectives
This study investigates curcumin's neuroprotective role and its potential in promoting neurogenesis in progenitor cells within the brain. Notably, curcumin's antioxidant properties have been implicated in Alzheimer's disease treatment. However, the association between curcumin's antioxidative effects and its impact on neural stem cells (NSCs) remains to be elucidated.
Methods
C17.2 neural stem cells were utilized as a model to simulate oxidative stress, induced by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). We quantified the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), alongside the gene expression of SOD1 and SOD2, to assess intracellular oxidative stress. Additionally, Western blot analysis was conducted to measure the expressions of LC3-II, Beclin-1, and phosphorylated ERK (p-ERK), thereby evaluating autophagy and ERK signaling pathway activation.
Results
Treatment with curcumin resulted in a reduction of MDA and ROS levels, suggesting a protective effect on NSCs against oxidative damage induced by H2O2. Furthermore, a decrease in the relative expressions of LC3-II, Beclin-1, and p-ERK was observed post-curcumin treatment.
Conclusions
The findings suggest that curcumin may confer protection against oxidative stress by attenuating autophagy and deactivating the ERK1/2 signaling pathways, which could contribute to therapeutic strategies for Alzheimer's disease.
{"title":"Curcumin inhibits oxidative stress and autophagy in C17.2 neural stem cell through ERK1/2 signaling pathways","authors":"Yuting Ruan, Haoyu Luo, Jingyi Tang, Mengyao Ji, Dapeng Yu, Qun Yu, Zhiyu Cao, Yingren Mai, Bei Zhang, Yan Chen, Jun Liu, Wang Liao","doi":"10.1002/agm2.12361","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/agm2.12361","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study investigates curcumin's neuroprotective role and its potential in promoting neurogenesis in progenitor cells within the brain. Notably, curcumin's antioxidant properties have been implicated in Alzheimer's disease treatment. However, the association between curcumin's antioxidative effects and its impact on neural stem cells (NSCs) remains to be elucidated.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>C17.2 neural stem cells were utilized as a model to simulate oxidative stress, induced by hydrogen peroxide (H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>). We quantified the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), alongside the gene expression of SOD1 and SOD2, to assess intracellular oxidative stress. Additionally, Western blot analysis was conducted to measure the expressions of LC3-II, Beclin-1, and phosphorylated ERK (p-ERK), thereby evaluating autophagy and ERK signaling pathway activation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Treatment with curcumin resulted in a reduction of MDA and ROS levels, suggesting a protective effect on NSCs against oxidative damage induced by H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>. Furthermore, a decrease in the relative expressions of LC3-II, Beclin-1, and p-ERK was observed post-curcumin treatment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The findings suggest that curcumin may confer protection against oxidative stress by attenuating autophagy and deactivating the ERK1/2 signaling pathways, which could contribute to therapeutic strategies for Alzheimer's disease.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":32862,"journal":{"name":"Aging Medicine","volume":"7 5","pages":"559-570"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/agm2.12361","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142588031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Karol Kaina Moraes Brum, Lucas dos Santos, Gabriel Alves Godinho, José Ailton Oliveira Carneiro, Thaís Alves Brito, Marcos Henrique Fernandes, Raildo da Silva Coqueiro, Camille Giehl Martins Miranda
Objective
To investigate the factors associated with diabesity in older women.
Methods
This epidemiological study used a cross-sectional design and included 196 older women (72.70 ± 7.20 years) from Jequié, Bahia, Brazil. Diabesity was defined as having both an elevated abdominal circumference (≥88 cm) and diabetes mellitus. For the inferential analyses, we constructed crude models followed by a multiple hierarchical explanatory model, with the following levels: Level 1 (socioeconomic variables), Level 2 (behavioral aspects), and Level 3 (health conditions). Poisson regression with a robust estimator was employed, and we calculated Prevalence Ratios (PR) with 95% Confidence Intervals (CI).
Results
The prevalence of abdominal obesity, diabetes mellitus, and diabesity were 79.60%, 27.80%, and 22.40%, respectively. Women who were insufficiently active had a higher likelihood of diabesity (PR: 2.04; 95% CI: 1.22–3.41), as did those who spent more time in sedentary behavior (PR: 1.81; 95% CI: 1.04–3.16), used three or more continuous medications (PR: 2.51; 95% CI: 1.29–4.89), or reported a negative self-perception of health (PR: 2.57; 95% CI: 1.03–5.80).
Conclusion
The study identified several factors associated with diabesity in older women: insufficient physical activity, prolonged sedentary behavior, polypharmacy, and negative self-perception of health.
{"title":"Factors associated with diabesity in older women: A cross-sectional investigation","authors":"Karol Kaina Moraes Brum, Lucas dos Santos, Gabriel Alves Godinho, José Ailton Oliveira Carneiro, Thaís Alves Brito, Marcos Henrique Fernandes, Raildo da Silva Coqueiro, Camille Giehl Martins Miranda","doi":"10.1002/agm2.12368","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/agm2.12368","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To investigate the factors associated with diabesity in older women.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This epidemiological study used a cross-sectional design and included 196 older women (72.70 ± 7.20 years) from Jequié, Bahia, Brazil. Diabesity was defined as having both an elevated abdominal circumference (≥88 cm) and diabetes mellitus. For the inferential analyses, we constructed crude models followed by a multiple hierarchical explanatory model, with the following levels: Level 1 (socioeconomic variables), Level 2 (behavioral aspects), and Level 3 (health conditions). Poisson regression with a robust estimator was employed, and we calculated Prevalence Ratios (PR) with 95% Confidence Intervals (CI).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The prevalence of abdominal obesity, diabetes mellitus, and diabesity were 79.60%, 27.80%, and 22.40%, respectively. Women who were insufficiently active had a higher likelihood of diabesity (PR: 2.04; 95% CI: 1.22–3.41), as did those who spent more time in sedentary behavior (PR: 1.81; 95% CI: 1.04–3.16), used three or more continuous medications (PR: 2.51; 95% CI: 1.29–4.89), or reported a negative self-perception of health (PR: 2.57; 95% CI: 1.03–5.80).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study identified several factors associated with diabesity in older women: insufficient physical activity, prolonged sedentary behavior, polypharmacy, and negative self-perception of health.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":32862,"journal":{"name":"Aging Medicine","volume":"7 5","pages":"588-595"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/agm2.12368","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142588020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yuanpeng Zhu, Haoran Zhang, Terry Jianguo Zhang, Nan Wu
<div> <section> <h3> Objectives</h3> <p>The burden of pain in middle-aged and older adults is considerable and significantly increases healthcare expenditures. We aimed to investigate the roles of handgrip strength (HGS) weakness and asymmetry in predicting pain across four nationally representative cohorts.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Methods</h3> <p>This longitudinal study utilized data from four major surveys: the Health and Retirement Study (HRS); the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA); the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE); and the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). Multivariable cubic regression splines were employed to visually explore the nonlinear associations between HGS and pain in each cohort. The Cox proportional hazard model was applied to analyze the independent and combined relationship between HGS weakness and asymmetry and pain risk.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Results</h3> <p>We included 41,171 participants in the final analysis, with a mean follow-up period of 4.68 ± 2.61 years (50.7% female, mean age 64.3 ± 9.3 years). No nonlinear relationship was found between HGS and pain incidence (nonlinear <i>p</i> < 0.05 in ELSA and SHARE; >0.05 in CHARLS and HRS). After adjustment, the highest quartile groups had a significantly reduced risk of pain compared to the lowest quartile groups across all cohorts, with hazard ratios of 0.81 (0.74, 0.89) in CHARLS, 0.86 (0.77, 0.97) in HRS, 0.88 (0.77, 0.98) in ELSA, and 0.78 (0.73, 0.84) in SHARE. Participants with normal HGS had approximately 20% lower risk of pain compared to those with weak HGS. Each 5 kg increase in HGS was associated with decreased hazard ratios for pain: 0.95 (0.93, 0.97) in CHARLS, 0.97 (0.94, 0.99) in HRS, 0.96 (0.94, 0.99) in ELSA, and 0.94 (0.92, 0.95) in SHARE. The association between HGS asymmetry and pain risk was significant only in a few cohorts (HRS at 10%, 1.10 (1.03, 1.18); SHARE at 30%, 1.12 (1.05, 1.21)). No interaction effect between HGS weakness and asymmetry on pain risk was observed (all <i>p</i>-values for interaction >0.05).</p> </section> <section> <h3> Conclusions</h3> <p>Our findings suggest that HGS can be used as an independent predictor of pain in middle-aged and older European, American, and Chinese populations. However, our results do not support the use of HGS asymmetry as an independent predictor of pain risk. It is necessary to establish appropriate criteria for HGS asymmetry across different populations. The use of both weak HGS and asymmetry as predictors of health outcom
{"title":"Association of handgrip strength weakness and asymmetry with later life pain risk in middle-aged and older individuals: Results from four prospective cohorts","authors":"Yuanpeng Zhu, Haoran Zhang, Terry Jianguo Zhang, Nan Wu","doi":"10.1002/agm2.12365","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/agm2.12365","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The burden of pain in middle-aged and older adults is considerable and significantly increases healthcare expenditures. We aimed to investigate the roles of handgrip strength (HGS) weakness and asymmetry in predicting pain across four nationally representative cohorts.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This longitudinal study utilized data from four major surveys: the Health and Retirement Study (HRS); the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA); the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE); and the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). Multivariable cubic regression splines were employed to visually explore the nonlinear associations between HGS and pain in each cohort. The Cox proportional hazard model was applied to analyze the independent and combined relationship between HGS weakness and asymmetry and pain risk.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We included 41,171 participants in the final analysis, with a mean follow-up period of 4.68 ± 2.61 years (50.7% female, mean age 64.3 ± 9.3 years). No nonlinear relationship was found between HGS and pain incidence (nonlinear <i>p</i> < 0.05 in ELSA and SHARE; >0.05 in CHARLS and HRS). After adjustment, the highest quartile groups had a significantly reduced risk of pain compared to the lowest quartile groups across all cohorts, with hazard ratios of 0.81 (0.74, 0.89) in CHARLS, 0.86 (0.77, 0.97) in HRS, 0.88 (0.77, 0.98) in ELSA, and 0.78 (0.73, 0.84) in SHARE. Participants with normal HGS had approximately 20% lower risk of pain compared to those with weak HGS. Each 5 kg increase in HGS was associated with decreased hazard ratios for pain: 0.95 (0.93, 0.97) in CHARLS, 0.97 (0.94, 0.99) in HRS, 0.96 (0.94, 0.99) in ELSA, and 0.94 (0.92, 0.95) in SHARE. The association between HGS asymmetry and pain risk was significant only in a few cohorts (HRS at 10%, 1.10 (1.03, 1.18); SHARE at 30%, 1.12 (1.05, 1.21)). No interaction effect between HGS weakness and asymmetry on pain risk was observed (all <i>p</i>-values for interaction >0.05).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our findings suggest that HGS can be used as an independent predictor of pain in middle-aged and older European, American, and Chinese populations. However, our results do not support the use of HGS asymmetry as an independent predictor of pain risk. It is necessary to establish appropriate criteria for HGS asymmetry across different populations. The use of both weak HGS and asymmetry as predictors of health outcom","PeriodicalId":32862,"journal":{"name":"Aging Medicine","volume":"7 5","pages":"596-605"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/agm2.12365","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142588017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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