Hua Cui, Zhaohui Wang, Jianqing Wu, Ying Liu, Jin Zheng, Wenkai Xiao, Ping He, Yun Zhou, Jianye Wang, Pulin Yu, Cuntai Zhang, Jinhui Wu, Geriatrics Branch of the Chinese Medical Association
Sarcopenia is the age-related loss of skeletal muscle mass and muscle strength or physical function. It is most common in elderly individuals. Due to its high incidence, insidious onset, and extensive impact on the body, it has a huge impact on the family medical burden and the social public health expenditure in China. The understanding of sarcopenia in China is still lacking, and the recommendations for prevention, control, and intervention are not clear and unified. The purpose of this consensus report is to standardize the prevention, control, and intervention methods for sarcopenia in elderly patients in China; improve the efficacy of intervention; reduce complications during the intervention process; and reduce the risk of falls, fractures, disability, hospitalization, and even death in elderly individuals.
{"title":"Chinese expert consensus on prevention and intervention for elderly with sarcopenia (2023)","authors":"Hua Cui, Zhaohui Wang, Jianqing Wu, Ying Liu, Jin Zheng, Wenkai Xiao, Ping He, Yun Zhou, Jianye Wang, Pulin Yu, Cuntai Zhang, Jinhui Wu, Geriatrics Branch of the Chinese Medical Association","doi":"10.1002/agm2.12245","DOIUrl":"10.1002/agm2.12245","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Sarcopenia is the age-related loss of skeletal muscle mass and muscle strength or physical function. It is most common in elderly individuals. Due to its high incidence, insidious onset, and extensive impact on the body, it has a huge impact on the family medical burden and the social public health expenditure in China. The understanding of sarcopenia in China is still lacking, and the recommendations for prevention, control, and intervention are not clear and unified. The purpose of this consensus report is to standardize the prevention, control, and intervention methods for sarcopenia in elderly patients in China; improve the efficacy of intervention; reduce complications during the intervention process; and reduce the risk of falls, fractures, disability, hospitalization, and even death in elderly individuals.</p>","PeriodicalId":32862,"journal":{"name":"Aging Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/agm2.12245","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9590920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
To compare clinical outcomes between patients for whom their participation in inpatient rehabilitation was and was not impacted by dementia through matching patients reporting dementia (dementia group) with those not reporting dementia (non-dementia group).
Methods
Prospectively collected data held by the Australasian Rehabilitation Outcome Centre (AROC) were analyzed for patients aged 65 years or older receiving inpatient rehabilitation in public hospitals in Australia following a hip fracture and discharged between July 1, 2014, and June 30, 2019. Patients reported as having dementia impacting their rehabilitation program were matched to patients not reporting dementia based on age, admission motor Functional Independence Measure (FIM) score, and accommodation prior to rehabilitation. The matched cohorts were compared in relation to clinical outcomes (motor and cognitive FIM improvement, FIM efficiency, length of stay, and discharge destination) following participation in hospital-based rehabilitation using univariate analysis.
Results
Patients with dementia had significantly lower cognitive FIM scores on commencing rehabilitation (17.6 and 26.9, respectively, P < 0.001) and their median length of stay was 2 days shorter than those without dementia (21 and 23 days, respectively, P < 0.001). Relative change in FIM score and FIM efficiency (per week) were lower in the dementia group [relative FIM score change of dementia vs non-dementia, respectively, 26.2% vs. 44.0% (P < 0.001) and FIM efficiency, 6.5 vs. 8.9 (P < 0.001)]. Discharge destination between the two groups was statistically different, with 35.7% of patients with dementia being discharged to residential aged care facilities (RACFs) compared to 21.7% of those without dementia (P < 0.001). More patients with dementia had carers in their private residence in the post-rehabilitation phase, 82.2% vs. 57.6% (P < 0.001).
Conclusion
Patients with dementia who sustain a fractured hip benefit from inpatient rehabilitation, although their clinical outcomes are not as good as those without dementia. FIM change and FIM efficiency were lower in the dementia group. Length of stay in the hospital for patients with dementia was shorter due to earlier recognition for the need for placement in either an RACF or at home with carer support. The need for placement in an RACF or c
{"title":"The impact of dementia on rehabilitation outcomes following hip fracture","authors":"Yee Leng Loh, John Wicks, Tara Alexander","doi":"10.1002/agm2.12251","DOIUrl":"10.1002/agm2.12251","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To compare clinical outcomes between patients for whom their participation in inpatient rehabilitation was and was not impacted by dementia through matching patients reporting dementia (dementia group) with those not reporting dementia (non-dementia group).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Prospectively collected data held by the Australasian Rehabilitation Outcome Centre (AROC) were analyzed for patients aged 65 years or older receiving inpatient rehabilitation in public hospitals in Australia following a hip fracture and discharged between July 1, 2014, and June 30, 2019. Patients reported as having dementia impacting their rehabilitation program were matched to patients not reporting dementia based on age, admission motor Functional Independence Measure (FIM) score, and accommodation prior to rehabilitation. The matched cohorts were compared in relation to clinical outcomes (motor and cognitive FIM improvement, FIM efficiency, length of stay, and discharge destination) following participation in hospital-based rehabilitation using univariate analysis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Patients with dementia had significantly lower cognitive FIM scores on commencing rehabilitation (17.6 and 26.9, respectively, <i>P</i> < 0.001) and their median length of stay was 2 days shorter than those without dementia (21 and 23 days, respectively, <i>P</i> < 0.001). Relative change in FIM score and FIM efficiency (per week) were lower in the dementia group [relative FIM score change of dementia vs non-dementia, respectively, 26.2% <i>vs</i>. 44.0% (<i>P</i> < 0.001) and FIM efficiency, 6.5 <i>vs</i>. 8.9 (<i>P</i> < 0.001)]. Discharge destination between the two groups was statistically different, with 35.7% of patients with dementia being discharged to residential aged care facilities (RACFs) compared to 21.7% of those without dementia (<i>P</i> < 0.001). More patients with dementia had carers in their private residence in the post-rehabilitation phase, 82.2% <i>vs</i>. 57.6% (<i>P</i> < 0.001).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Patients with dementia who sustain a fractured hip benefit from inpatient rehabilitation, although their clinical outcomes are not as good as those without dementia. FIM change and FIM efficiency were lower in the dementia group. Length of stay in the hospital for patients with dementia was shorter due to earlier recognition for the need for placement in either an RACF or at home with carer support. The need for placement in an RACF or c","PeriodicalId":32862,"journal":{"name":"Aging Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/agm2.12251","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9598752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ho Lun Wong, Claire Weaver, Lauren Marsh, Khine Oo Mon, John M. Dapito, Fouad R. Amin, Rahul Chauhan, Amit K. J. Mandal, Constantinos G. Missouris
Introduction
Polypharmacy is a growing phenomenon associated with adverse effects in older adults. We assessed the potential confounding effects of cumulative anticholinergic burden (ACB) in patients who were hospitalized with falls.
Methods
A noninterventional, prospective cohort study of unselected, acute admissions aged ≥ 65 years. Data were derived from electronic patient health records. Results were analyzed to determine the frequency of polypharmacy and degree of ACB and their relationship to falls risk. Primary outcomes were polypharmacy, defined as prescription of 5 or more regular oral medications, and ACB score.
Key Results
Four hundred eleven (411) consecutive subjects were included, mean age 83.8 ± 8.0 years: 40.6% men. There were 38.4% patients who were admitted with falls. Incidence of polypharmacy was 80.8%, (88.0% and 76.3% among those admitted with and without fall, respectively). Incidence of ACB score of 0, 1, 2, ≥ 3 was 38.7%, 20.9%, 14.6%, and 25.8%, respectively. On multivariate analysis, age [odds ratio (OR) = 1.030, 95% CI:1.000 ~ 1.050, P = 0.049], ACB score (OR = 1.150, 95% CI:1.020 ~ 1.290, P = 0.025), polypharmacy (OR = 2.140, 95% CI:1.190 ~ 3.870, P = 0.012), but not Charlson Comorbidity Index (OR = 0.920, 95% CI:0.810 ~ 1.040, P = 0.172) were significantly associated with higher falls rate. Of patients admitted with falls, 29.8% had drug-related orthostatic hypotension, 24.7% had drug-related bradycardia, 37.3% were prescribed centrally acting drugs, and 12.0% were taking inappropriate hypoglycemic agents.
Conclusion
Polypharmacy results in cumulative ACB and both are significantly associated with falls risk in older adults. The presence of polypharmacy and each unit rise in ACB score have a stronger effect of increasing falls risk compared to age and comorbidities.
多药是一种日益增长的与老年人不良反应相关的现象。我们评估了因跌倒住院的患者累积抗胆碱能负荷(ACB)的潜在混杂效应。方法对年龄≥65岁的未选择急性入院患者进行非干预性前瞻性队列研究。数据来源于电子患者健康记录。对结果进行分析，确定多药发生频率、ACB程度及其与跌倒风险的关系。主要结局是多药，定义为处方5种或更多常规口服药物，以及ACB评分。纳入411例连续受试者，平均年龄83.8±8.0岁，男性占40.6%。38.4%的患者因跌倒入院。多药的发生率为80.8%(住院时伴有跌倒的占88.0%，未伴有跌倒的占76.3%)。ACB评分为0、1、2、≥3的发生率分别为38.7%、20.9%、14.6%、25.8%。多因素分析显示，年龄[比值比(OR) = 1.030, 95% CI:1.000 ~ 1.050, P = 0.049]、ACB评分(OR = 1.150, 95% CI:1.020 ~ 1.290, P = 0.025)、多药治疗(OR = 2.140, 95% CI:1.190 ~ 3.870, P = 0.012)与较高的跌倒率相关，而Charlson合病指数(OR = 0.920, 95% CI:0.810 ~ 1.040, P = 0.172)与较高的跌倒率无关。在因跌倒入院的患者中，29.8%的患者有药物相关性直立性低血压，24.7%的患者有药物相关性心动过缓，37.3%的患者使用中央作用药物，12.0%的患者使用不适当的降糖药。结论多种药物导致累积ACB，两者与老年人跌倒风险显著相关。与年龄和合并症相比，多药的存在和ACB评分每增加一个单位对增加跌倒风险的影响更大。
{"title":"Polypharmacy and cumulative anticholinergic burden in older adults hospitalized with fall","authors":"Ho Lun Wong, Claire Weaver, Lauren Marsh, Khine Oo Mon, John M. Dapito, Fouad R. Amin, Rahul Chauhan, Amit K. J. Mandal, Constantinos G. Missouris","doi":"10.1002/agm2.12250","DOIUrl":"10.1002/agm2.12250","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Polypharmacy is a growing phenomenon associated with adverse effects in older adults. We assessed the potential confounding effects of cumulative anticholinergic burden (ACB) in patients who were hospitalized with falls.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A noninterventional, prospective cohort study of unselected, acute admissions aged ≥ 65 years. Data were derived from electronic patient health records. Results were analyzed to determine the frequency of polypharmacy and degree of ACB and their relationship to falls risk. Primary outcomes were polypharmacy, defined as prescription of 5 or more regular oral medications, and ACB score.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Key Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Four hundred eleven (411) consecutive subjects were included, mean age 83.8 ± 8.0 years: 40.6% men. There were 38.4% patients who were admitted with falls. Incidence of polypharmacy was 80.8%, (88.0% and 76.3% among those admitted with and without fall, respectively). Incidence of ACB score of 0, 1, 2, ≥ 3 was 38.7%, 20.9%, 14.6%, and 25.8%, respectively. On multivariate analysis, age [odds ratio (OR) = 1.030, 95% CI:1.000 ~ 1.050, <i>P</i> = 0.049], ACB score (OR = 1.150, 95% CI:1.020 ~ 1.290, <i>P</i> = 0.025), polypharmacy (OR = 2.140, 95% CI:1.190 ~ 3.870, <i>P</i> = 0.012), but not Charlson Comorbidity Index (OR = 0.920, 95% CI:0.810 ~ 1.040, <i>P</i> = 0.172) were significantly associated with higher falls rate. Of patients admitted with falls, 29.8% had drug-related orthostatic hypotension, 24.7% had drug-related bradycardia, 37.3% were prescribed centrally acting drugs, and 12.0% were taking inappropriate hypoglycemic agents.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Polypharmacy results in cumulative ACB and both are significantly associated with falls risk in older adults. The presence of polypharmacy and each unit rise in ACB score have a stronger effect of increasing falls risk compared to age and comorbidities.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":32862,"journal":{"name":"Aging Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/13/61/AGM2-6-116.PMC10242266.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9590918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jun Dai, Daniel Kam Yin Chan, Richard O. Chan, Vasant Hirani, Ying Hua Xu, Nady Braidy
Background
Inflammation and altered lipid dyshomeostasis have been implicated in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia.
Objective
To determine if there are any associations between dietary patterns, plasma lipid profiles, and inflammatory potential in a vascular dementia cohort.
Methods
One hundred fifty participants (36 subjects with Vascular Dementia and 114 healthy controls) from two Australian teaching hospitals completed a cross-sectional survey examining their dietary and lifestyle patterns. Each participant's diet was further evaluated using the Empirical Dietary Inflammatory Index. Some participants also donated blood samples for lipidomic analysis.
Results
After adjusting for age, education, and socioeconomic status, participants with vascular dementia tend to have higher lipid profiles, do less exercise, and engage less frequently in social interaction, educational, or reading activities. They also tend to consume more deep-fried food and full-fat dairy compared to control subjects. However, there was no difference in Empirical Dietary Inflammatory Index between the two groups after adjusting for age, education, and socioeconomic status.
Conclusion
Our findings suggest a graded inverse association between healthy lifestyle factors and vascular dementia.
{"title":"The association between dietary patterns, plasma lipid profiles, and inflammatory potential in a vascular dementia cohort","authors":"Jun Dai, Daniel Kam Yin Chan, Richard O. Chan, Vasant Hirani, Ying Hua Xu, Nady Braidy","doi":"10.1002/agm2.12249","DOIUrl":"10.1002/agm2.12249","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Inflammation and altered lipid dyshomeostasis have been implicated in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To determine if there are any associations between dietary patterns, plasma lipid profiles, and inflammatory potential in a vascular dementia cohort.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>One hundred fifty participants (36 subjects with Vascular Dementia and 114 healthy controls) from two Australian teaching hospitals completed a cross-sectional survey examining their dietary and lifestyle patterns. Each participant's diet was further evaluated using the Empirical Dietary Inflammatory Index. Some participants also donated blood samples for lipidomic analysis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>After adjusting for age, education, and socioeconomic status, participants with vascular dementia tend to have higher lipid profiles, do less exercise, and engage less frequently in social interaction, educational, or reading activities. They also tend to consume more deep-fried food and full-fat dairy compared to control subjects. However, there was no difference in Empirical Dietary Inflammatory Index between the two groups after adjusting for age, education, and socioeconomic status.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our findings suggest a graded inverse association between healthy lifestyle factors and vascular dementia.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":32862,"journal":{"name":"Aging Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/agm2.12249","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9598746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cancer incidence is expected to increase with population aging, making the availability of places for treating patients with terminal cancer a pressing issue. However, little is known about the actual state of home end-of-life care (HEC) in Japan.
Objective
The objective of this study was to examine the real-world state of HEC for older adults with cancer.
Methods
The Yokohama Original Medical Database was used to identify the cohort. Data of target patients was extracted based on three criteria: age ≥65 years, malignant neoplasm diagnosis, and having a specific billing code of HEC. Multivariable linear and logistic regression models were used to evaluate the association between age groups and HEC services or outcome indexes.
Results
Overall, 1323 people (554 and 769 aged < 80 and ≥ 80 years, respectively; men, 59.2%) had planned to receive HEC. The < 80 years group had more frequent emergent home visits than the ≥ 80-year group (P < 0.001), but the number of monthly home visits was similar between the two groups (P = 0.267). The rate of emergent admission was 5.9% in the ≥ 80-year group, which was higher than that in the < 80-year group (3.1%; P = 0.018). Conversely, the rates of central venous nutrition and opioid use were higher in the < 80-year group than those in the ≥ 80-year group.
Conclusions
This study reported patterns of use of HEC among older adults with cancer in the terminal stage. Our findings may provide the basis for providing HEC for older adults with cancer.
{"title":"Real-world data on home end-of-life care for older adults with cancer: A retrospective claims data analysis","authors":"Yukio Suzuki, Soshi Dohmae, Kohei Ohyama, Taiga Chiba, Sachiko Nakagami, Etsuko Miyagi, Jun Shuri","doi":"10.1002/agm2.12246","DOIUrl":"10.1002/agm2.12246","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Cancer incidence is expected to increase with population aging, making the availability of places for treating patients with terminal cancer a pressing issue. However, little is known about the actual state of home end-of-life care (HEC) in Japan.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The objective of this study was to examine the real-world state of HEC for older adults with cancer.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The Yokohama Original Medical Database was used to identify the cohort. Data of target patients was extracted based on three criteria: age ≥65 years, malignant neoplasm diagnosis, and having a specific billing code of HEC. Multivariable linear and logistic regression models were used to evaluate the association between age groups and HEC services or outcome indexes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Overall, 1323 people (554 and 769 aged < 80 and ≥ 80 years, respectively; men, 59.2%) had planned to receive HEC. The < 80 years group had more frequent emergent home visits than the ≥ 80-year group (<i>P</i> < 0.001), but the number of monthly home visits was similar between the two groups (<i>P</i> = 0.267). The rate of emergent admission was 5.9% in the ≥ 80-year group, which was higher than that in the < 80-year group (3.1%; <i>P</i> = 0.018). Conversely, the rates of central venous nutrition and opioid use were higher in the < 80-year group than those in the ≥ 80-year group.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study reported patterns of use of HEC among older adults with cancer in the terminal stage. Our findings may provide the basis for providing HEC for older adults with cancer.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":32862,"journal":{"name":"Aging Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/agm2.12246","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9597277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lucas Lima Galvão, Rízia Rocha Silva, Daniela de Jesus Costa, Sheilla Tribess, Douglas Assis Teles Santos, Jair Sindra Virtuoso Júnior
Objective
To estimate the hypothetical effects of substituting time spent in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and time spent in sedentary behavior (SB) and their associations with diabetes.
Methods
A cross-sectional study using exploratory survey methods was performed in Alcobaça city in the state of Bahia, Brazil in the year 2015. A total of 473 older adults (aged ≥60 years) participated in the study. Diabetes mellitus, time MVPA, and SB were assessed in a self-reported manner. The Poisson regression was used to verify the hypothetical effects of the substitution of MVPA with SB on diabetes.
Results
The substitution of the time in MVPA with time in SB showed higher prevalence ratios of diabetes. Conversely, the substitution of the time in SB proved to be a protective factor, with risks reduced by between 4% and 19%.
Discussion
The substitution of the time spent in MVPA with the same amount of time spent on SB can lead to an increase in the probability of diabetes, and a longer reallocation time corresponded to a greater risk.
{"title":"Effects of relocation of sedentary time and physical activity in older adults with diabetes mellitus","authors":"Lucas Lima Galvão, Rízia Rocha Silva, Daniela de Jesus Costa, Sheilla Tribess, Douglas Assis Teles Santos, Jair Sindra Virtuoso Júnior","doi":"10.1002/agm2.12248","DOIUrl":"10.1002/agm2.12248","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To estimate the hypothetical effects of substituting time spent in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and time spent in sedentary behavior (SB) and their associations with diabetes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A cross-sectional study using exploratory survey methods was performed in Alcobaça city in the state of Bahia, Brazil in the year 2015. A total of 473 older adults (aged ≥60 years) participated in the study. Diabetes mellitus, time MVPA, and SB were assessed in a self-reported manner. The Poisson regression was used to verify the hypothetical effects of the substitution of MVPA with SB on diabetes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The substitution of the time in MVPA with time in SB showed higher prevalence ratios of diabetes. Conversely, the substitution of the time in SB proved to be a protective factor, with risks reduced by between 4% and 19%.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Discussion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The substitution of the time spent in MVPA with the same amount of time spent on SB can lead to an increase in the probability of diabetes, and a longer reallocation time corresponded to a greater risk.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":32862,"journal":{"name":"Aging Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/fe/83/AGM2-6-170.PMC10242267.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9590923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Head trauma, a cause of serious morbidity and mortality in general, is among the most common causes of emergency department visits in geriatric patients. In this context, this study investigated the factors affecting prognosis and mortality in geriatric patients presenting with head trauma at the emergency department.
Methods
This retrospective cohort study included 842 patients aged 65 years and above who presented with head trauma to the emergency department between January 1, 2019, and December 31, 2019. Demographic and clinical data of the 622 patients included in the study were analyzed.
Results
A total of 622 geriatric patients with head trauma were included in this study. Of these, 54.2% (337/622) were men, and 45.8% (285/622) were women. The mean age of the patients was 75.3 ± 7.5 years. Antihypertensives were the most common medications taken by the patients. Subdural hematoma is the most frequently observed cranial pathology. A simple fall is the most observed mechanism for trauma. A total of 17.5% (109/622) of the patients were admitted to the hospital. Of these patients, 8.4% (52/622) were transferred to the intensive care unit and 2.6% (16/622) of the patients died.
Conclusion
Mortality would be expected to be higher in elderly patients with head trauma, hypotension, or high lactate levels. The need for intensive care unit transfer was higher in patients with coronary artery disease. The mortality rate of the patients increased with an increasing length of hospital stay.
{"title":"Evaluation of factors affecting prognosis and mortality in geriatric patients presented to the emergency service with head trauma","authors":"Sadettin Cagrı Eryurt, Taner Sahin, Sukru Oral","doi":"10.1002/agm2.12247","DOIUrl":"10.1002/agm2.12247","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Head trauma, a cause of serious morbidity and mortality in general, is among the most common causes of emergency department visits in geriatric patients. In this context, this study investigated the factors affecting prognosis and mortality in geriatric patients presenting with head trauma at the emergency department.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This retrospective cohort study included 842 patients aged 65 years and above who presented with head trauma to the emergency department between January 1, 2019, and December 31, 2019. Demographic and clinical data of the 622 patients included in the study were analyzed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 622 geriatric patients with head trauma were included in this study. Of these, 54.2% (337/622) were men, and 45.8% (285/622) were women. The mean age of the patients was 75.3 ± 7.5 years. Antihypertensives were the most common medications taken by the patients. Subdural hematoma is the most frequently observed cranial pathology. A simple fall is the most observed mechanism for trauma. A total of 17.5% (109/622) of the patients were admitted to the hospital. Of these patients, 8.4% (52/622) were transferred to the intensive care unit and 2.6% (16/622) of the patients died.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Mortality would be expected to be higher in elderly patients with head trauma, hypotension, or high lactate levels. The need for intensive care unit transfer was higher in patients with coronary artery disease. The mortality rate of the patients increased with an increasing length of hospital stay.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":32862,"journal":{"name":"Aging Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/04/96/AGM2-6-177.PMC10242263.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9590932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jianqing Wu, Bo Chen, Yongjun Mao, Siyuan Li, Weihong Zhao, Dianhuai Meng, Song Hu, Jianye Wang, Pulin Yu, Cuntai Zhang, Jinhui Wu, Geriatrics Branch, Chinese Medical Association, and the expert group of the Chinese Expert Consensus on Prevention and Control Interventions for Older Adults with Physical Functional Impairment
Older adults are at high risk for functional impairment, which is closely related to sarcopenia, falls, and frailty. This seriously affects their quality of life and health, and places a heavy burden on society and families. Although domestic and foreign sports recommendations and prevention and control guidelines/expert consensus have been issued for healthy older adults and functional impairment-related diseases, there is no guidance on prevention and control interventions for older adults with physical functional impairment. In China, there is insufficient understanding of the importance of prevention and control interventions for functional impairment in older adults, and there are many drawbacks, such as unstandardized diagnosis and treatment, and relatively simple intervention methods. Therefore, the consensus expert group formulated a consensus based on domestic and foreign guidelines related to functional impairment in older adults to provide guidance for Chinese medical professionals working in the field of geriatrics.
{"title":"Chinese expert consensus on prevention and control interventions for older adults with physical functional impairment (2022)","authors":"Jianqing Wu, Bo Chen, Yongjun Mao, Siyuan Li, Weihong Zhao, Dianhuai Meng, Song Hu, Jianye Wang, Pulin Yu, Cuntai Zhang, Jinhui Wu, Geriatrics Branch, Chinese Medical Association, and the expert group of the Chinese Expert Consensus on Prevention and Control Interventions for Older Adults with Physical Functional Impairment","doi":"10.1002/agm2.12242","DOIUrl":"10.1002/agm2.12242","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Older adults are at high risk for functional impairment, which is closely related to sarcopenia, falls, and frailty. This seriously affects their quality of life and health, and places a heavy burden on society and families. Although domestic and foreign sports recommendations and prevention and control guidelines/expert consensus have been issued for healthy older adults and functional impairment-related diseases, there is no guidance on prevention and control interventions for older adults with physical functional impairment. In China, there is insufficient understanding of the importance of prevention and control interventions for functional impairment in older adults, and there are many drawbacks, such as unstandardized diagnosis and treatment, and relatively simple intervention methods. Therefore, the consensus expert group formulated a consensus based on domestic and foreign guidelines related to functional impairment in older adults to provide guidance for Chinese medical professionals working in the field of geriatrics.</p>","PeriodicalId":32862,"journal":{"name":"Aging Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/00/24/AGM2-6-25.PMC10000255.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9471125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In hospitalized patients the prevalence of constipation is high, especially among elderly patients. Constipation impacts significantly the quality of life of patients and is associated with increased morbidity and length of hospital stay. This retrospective observational study intended to identify the prevalence of constipation in patients hospitalized in an internal medicine ward. In a sample of 80 patients, the median age was 79 years and 53% (n = 42) were women. We identified constipation in 68% (n = 56) of the patients during hospitalization. The medical team prescribed treatment only to 70% of those patients. Constipation was responsible for delirium in 11% of patients and 5% suffered urinary retention. This study shows constipation is prevalent among patients admitted in an internal medicine ward. Systematic assessment of this problem can improve the overall care of the patients, alleviate symptoms, and prevent complications.
{"title":"Prevalence of constipation on an internal medicine ward","authors":"Rita Rego, Daniela Barroso, Elga Freire","doi":"10.1002/agm2.12244","DOIUrl":"10.1002/agm2.12244","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In hospitalized patients the prevalence of constipation is high, especially among elderly patients. Constipation impacts significantly the quality of life of patients and is associated with increased morbidity and length of hospital stay. This retrospective observational study intended to identify the prevalence of constipation in patients hospitalized in an internal medicine ward. In a sample of 80 patients, the median age was 79 years and 53% (<i>n</i> = 42) were women. We identified constipation in 68% (<i>n</i> = 56) of the patients during hospitalization. The medical team prescribed treatment only to 70% of those patients. Constipation was responsible for delirium in 11% of patients and 5% suffered urinary retention. This study shows constipation is prevalent among patients admitted in an internal medicine ward. Systematic assessment of this problem can improve the overall care of the patients, alleviate symptoms, and prevent complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":32862,"journal":{"name":"Aging Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/a1/05/AGM2-6-98.PMC10000263.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9101394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ping Xiao, Zhangyue Shi, Chenang Liu, Darren E. Hagen
Objective
Aging is a complicated process that triggers age-related disease susceptibility through intercellular communication in the microenvironment. While the classic secretome of senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) including soluble factors, growth factors, and extracellular matrix remodeling enzymes are known to impact tissue homeostasis during the aging process, the effects of novel SASP components, extracellular small noncoding RNAs (sncRNAs), on human aging are not well established.
Methods
Here, by utilizing 446 small RNA-seq samples from plasma and serum of healthy donors found in the Extracellular RNA (exRNA) Atlas data repository, we correlated linear and nonlinear features between circulating sncRNAs expression and age by the maximal information coefficient (MIC) relationship determination. Age predictors were generated by ensemble machine learning methods (Adaptive Boosting, Gradient Boosting, and Random Forest) and core age-related sncRNAs were determined through weighted coefficients in machine learning models. Functional investigation was performed via target prediction of age-related miRNAs.
Results
We observed the number of highly expressed transfer RNAs (tRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) showed positive and negative associations with age respectively. Two-variable (sncRNA expression and individual age) relationships were detected by MIC and sncRNAs-based age predictors were established, resulting in a forecast performance where all R2 values were greater than 0.96 and root-mean-square errors (RMSE) were less than 3.7 years in three ensemble machine learning methods. Furthermore, important age-related sncRNAs were identified based on modeling and the biological pathways of age-related miRNAs were characterized by their predicted targets, including multiple pathways in intercellular communication, cancer and immune regulation.
Conclusion
In summary, this study provides valuable insights into circulating sncRNAs expression dynamics during human aging and may lead to advanced understanding of age-related sncRNAs functions with further elucidation.
{"title":"Characteristics of circulating small noncoding RNAs in plasma and serum during human aging","authors":"Ping Xiao, Zhangyue Shi, Chenang Liu, Darren E. Hagen","doi":"10.1002/agm2.12241","DOIUrl":"10.1002/agm2.12241","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Aging is a complicated process that triggers age-related disease susceptibility through intercellular communication in the microenvironment. While the classic secretome of senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) including soluble factors, growth factors, and extracellular matrix remodeling enzymes are known to impact tissue homeostasis during the aging process, the effects of novel SASP components, extracellular small noncoding RNAs (sncRNAs), on human aging are not well established.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Here, by utilizing 446 small RNA-seq samples from plasma and serum of healthy donors found in the Extracellular RNA (exRNA) Atlas data repository, we correlated linear and nonlinear features between circulating sncRNAs expression and age by the maximal information coefficient (MIC) relationship determination. Age predictors were generated by ensemble machine learning methods (Adaptive Boosting, Gradient Boosting, and Random Forest) and core age-related sncRNAs were determined through weighted coefficients in machine learning models. Functional investigation was performed via target prediction of age-related miRNAs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We observed the number of highly expressed transfer RNAs (tRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) showed positive and negative associations with age respectively. Two-variable (sncRNA expression and individual age) relationships were detected by MIC and sncRNAs-based age predictors were established, resulting in a forecast performance where all <i>R</i><sup>2</sup> values were greater than 0.96 and root-mean-square errors (RMSE) were less than 3.7 years in three ensemble machine learning methods. Furthermore, important age-related sncRNAs were identified based on modeling and the biological pathways of age-related miRNAs were characterized by their predicted targets, including multiple pathways in intercellular communication, cancer and immune regulation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In summary, this study provides valuable insights into circulating sncRNAs expression dynamics during human aging and may lead to advanced understanding of age-related sncRNAs functions with further elucidation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":32862,"journal":{"name":"Aging Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/agm2.12241","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9471127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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