Pub Date : 2023-04-01DOI: 10.17727/jmsr.2023/11-26
Mangrola N, P. K, Patel Pk, Chauhan D, P. N
Adolescence is considered as critical period for the development of obesity. The frequency of childhood obesity has increased over the last 3 decades, and it has emerged as a public health concern in multiple places around the world. A number of factors interact in a complex way to cause obesity, which is still not fully understood. Therefore, the purpose of this review was to identify and assess the scientific literature on the prevalence of obesity, and behavioural, contextual and biological factors associated with obesity in adolescents. The search was carried out using PubMed, Web of Science, Embase and Scopus considering articles published from the establishment of the databanks until December, 2022. Data on the prevalence of overweight and obesity among children and adolescents, and articles on the determinants and factors affecting obesity were reviewed. The results obtained and the association observed among the factors studied will be helpful to support the planning, implementation and evaluation of preventive activities and interventions. Keywords: adolescents; childhood; intervention; obesity; overweight
青春期被认为是肥胖发展的关键时期。在过去的30年里，儿童肥胖的频率有所增加，并在世界各地的许多地方成为一个公共卫生问题。许多因素以一种复杂的方式相互作用，导致肥胖，这一点仍未完全了解。因此，本综述的目的是识别和评估有关青少年肥胖患病率以及与肥胖相关的行为、环境和生物学因素的科学文献。检索使用PubMed、Web of Science、Embase和Scopus进行，考虑了从数据库建立到2022年12月发表的文章。回顾了儿童和青少年中超重和肥胖流行率的数据，以及影响肥胖的决定因素和因素的文章。所获得的结果和所研究的因素之间的联系将有助于支持预防活动和干预措施的规划、实施和评价。关键词:青少年;童年;干预;肥胖;超重
{"title":"Prevalence and determinants of obesity among school going adolescents: A systematic review","authors":"Mangrola N, P. K, Patel Pk, Chauhan D, P. N","doi":"10.17727/jmsr.2023/11-26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17727/jmsr.2023/11-26","url":null,"abstract":"Adolescence is considered as critical period for the development of obesity. The frequency of childhood obesity has increased over the last 3 decades, and it has emerged as a public health concern in multiple places around the world. A number of factors interact in a complex way to cause obesity, which is still not fully understood. Therefore, the purpose of this review was to identify and assess the scientific literature on the prevalence of obesity, and behavioural, contextual and biological factors associated with obesity in adolescents. The search was carried out using PubMed, Web of Science, Embase and Scopus considering articles published from the establishment of the databanks until December, 2022. Data on the prevalence of overweight and obesity among children and adolescents, and articles on the determinants and factors affecting obesity were reviewed. The results obtained and the association observed among the factors studied will be helpful to support the planning, implementation and evaluation of preventive activities and interventions. Keywords: adolescents; childhood; intervention; obesity; overweight","PeriodicalId":32890,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical and Scientific Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46295336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-01DOI: 10.17727/jmsr.2023/11-23
Krishnamurthy ha, Bharathi S, Roja gT
Introduction: The acute ischemic infarction is associated with significant damage to brain parenchyma, where the high degree of acute inflammation is found. This work aimed to study the predictive value of ratio between blood WBCs and serum albumin levels in assessing the functional outcome in subjects with acute ischemic stroke. Materials and methods: A prospective observational study was conducted on 223 subjects from February 2022 to August 2022 at K.R. Hospital, Mysore. The data collected from patients of acute ischemic stroke, with the onset of stroke within 24 hours. Severity of stroke was assessed by using National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) at the time of admission. Data was collected using a pretested proforma meeting the objectives of the study. Results: The study has 124(55.6%) male and 99(44.4%) of female patients. Most of the patients (65%) were in the age group of more than 66 years. Most of the patients i.e., 66 (29.6%) had moderate to severe stroke at presentation as assessed by NIHSS stroke scale. At the end of third month of follow up, the acute ischemic stroke patients with MRS of >3 had WBCs count/serum albumin ratio of 4361.1 (p value - 0.001). Conclusion: The significant acute inflammation is found in acute ischemic stroke and it may be one of the causes of poor outcome and disability in so many ischemic stroke patients. This study once again endorses the use of high intensive statins and adequate dose of antiplatelet agents as early as possible in acute ischemic stroke patients. Keywords: acute ischemic stroke; WBCs; Modified Rankin Scale; NIHSS; serum albumin
{"title":"The predictive significance of ratio between white blood cells count and serum albumin in assessing the functional outcome of acute ischemic stroke","authors":"Krishnamurthy ha, Bharathi S, Roja gT","doi":"10.17727/jmsr.2023/11-23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17727/jmsr.2023/11-23","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The acute ischemic infarction is associated with significant damage to brain parenchyma, where the high degree of acute inflammation is found. This work aimed to study the predictive value of ratio between blood WBCs and serum albumin levels in assessing the functional outcome in subjects with acute ischemic stroke. Materials and methods: A prospective observational study was conducted on 223 subjects from February 2022 to August 2022 at K.R. Hospital, Mysore. The data collected from patients of acute ischemic stroke, with the onset of stroke within 24 hours. Severity of stroke was assessed by using National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) at the time of admission. Data was collected using a pretested proforma meeting the objectives of the study. Results: The study has 124(55.6%) male and 99(44.4%) of female patients. Most of the patients (65%) were in the age group of more than 66 years. Most of the patients i.e., 66 (29.6%) had moderate to severe stroke at presentation as assessed by NIHSS stroke scale. At the end of third month of follow up, the acute ischemic stroke patients with MRS of >3 had WBCs count/serum albumin ratio of 4361.1 (p value - 0.001). Conclusion: The significant acute inflammation is found in acute ischemic stroke and it may be one of the causes of poor outcome and disability in so many ischemic stroke patients. This study once again endorses the use of high intensive statins and adequate dose of antiplatelet agents as early as possible in acute ischemic stroke patients. Keywords: acute ischemic stroke; WBCs; Modified Rankin Scale; NIHSS; serum albumin","PeriodicalId":32890,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical and Scientific Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43726349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-01DOI: 10.17727/jmsr.2023/11-13
Thomas J, Oommen An, M. J, A. V., Joy Rr
Timing of laparoscopic cholecystectomy, a widely used treatment modality for acute cholecystitis remains controversial. This prospective observational comparative study investigated patient outcomes for early (ELC) and interval laparoscopic cholecystectomy (ILC) in patients with acute cholecystitis admitted to the General Surgery Department at a tertiary care centre in Thrissur, Kerala, between December 2018 and June 2020. Of 67 patients, 34 were assigned to ELC and 33 to ILC groups and followed up for 2 weeks post-surgery. Patient characteristics, clinical features, investigations, intra operative details and post operative outcomes were tabulated. Comparison of age was statistically analyzed using student’s ‘t’ test, demographics and morbidity data using Fisher’s exact test/ Chi-square test and length of hospital stay using Mann Whitney U test. Mean age was significantly higher in the ILC group. 66% of study participants were females with a higher proportion of females observed in the ILC group. Post-surgical complications were not significantly higher in ELC group compared to ILC group. Total length of hospital stay was significantly longer in the ILC group than in ELC group (10.2 ±4.5 vs. 7.1 ±3.0) days, p value: 0.001). Duration of hospital stay for the laparoscopic cholecystectomy procedure taken separately, was longer in ELC group comparatively, 7 ±3.01 versus 4 ±-2.38, (p value: <0.001). There was no mortality. It was observed in the present study that ELC is preferable to ILC for acute cholecystitis with added benefit of shorter hospital stay. Further large randomized trials would be valuable to make recommendations for future management. Keywords: acute cholecystitis; laparoscopic cholecystectomy; hospital stay; conversion rate
{"title":"Outcomes of early and interval laparoscopic cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis at a teaching hospital in Kerala: A prospective observational comparative study","authors":"Thomas J, Oommen An, M. J, A. V., Joy Rr","doi":"10.17727/jmsr.2023/11-13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17727/jmsr.2023/11-13","url":null,"abstract":"Timing of laparoscopic cholecystectomy, a widely used treatment modality for acute cholecystitis remains controversial. This prospective observational comparative study investigated patient outcomes for early (ELC) and interval laparoscopic cholecystectomy (ILC) in patients with acute cholecystitis admitted to the General Surgery Department at a tertiary care centre in Thrissur, Kerala, between December 2018 and June 2020. Of 67 patients, 34 were assigned to ELC and 33 to ILC groups and followed up for 2 weeks post-surgery. Patient characteristics, clinical features, investigations, intra operative details and post operative outcomes were tabulated. Comparison of age was statistically analyzed using student’s ‘t’ test, demographics and morbidity data using Fisher’s exact test/ Chi-square test and length of hospital stay using Mann Whitney U test. Mean age was significantly higher in the ILC group. 66% of study participants were females with a higher proportion of females observed in the ILC group. Post-surgical complications were not significantly higher in ELC group compared to ILC group. Total length of hospital stay was significantly longer in the ILC group than in ELC group (10.2 ±4.5 vs. 7.1 ±3.0) days, p value: 0.001). Duration of hospital stay for the laparoscopic cholecystectomy procedure taken separately, was longer in ELC group comparatively, 7 ±3.01 versus 4 ±-2.38, (p value: <0.001). There was no mortality. It was observed in the present study that ELC is preferable to ILC for acute cholecystitis with added benefit of shorter hospital stay. Further large randomized trials would be valuable to make recommendations for future management. Keywords: acute cholecystitis; laparoscopic cholecystectomy; hospital stay; conversion rate","PeriodicalId":32890,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical and Scientific Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45983443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-01DOI: 10.17727/jmsr.2023/11-16
P. S, Khade M, A. S, K. S, S. D
Introduction: SARS-COV-2 infection (COVID-19) may be associated with wide range of bacterial and fungal infections. Mucormycosis is a common and potentially life threatening opportunistic fungal infection responsible for morbidity and mortality. Many factors like diabetes mellitus, hypertension and corticosteroid therapy might have been a role in the immunocompromised state of the patients. The aim of present study was to know the predisposing factors and role of histopathology in diagnosis and assessing the prognosis of post COVID-19 mucormycosis cases. Material and methods: It is a prospective observational study conducted in tertiary care hospital over a period of 6 months from April 2021 to September 2021. Functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) and maxillectomy samples from 157 post COVID-19 mucormycosis suspected cases were studied and details regarding history of diabetes mellitus, hypertension and corticosteroid therapy were retrieved. All tissue samples were examined under H&E stain and special fungal stain (PAS). Results: On histopathological examination, out of total 157 cases, 94 cases were found to be positive for mucormycosis. Of these 94 cases, 63 were males and 31 were females. Age range was from 23 to 75 years. 5 cases showed mixed mucormycosis and aspergillosis infection. Also out of 94 post COVID mucormycosis cases, 72 were diabetic, 21 were hypertensive and 68 had a history of corticosteroid intake for treatment of COVID-19 infection. Conclusion: Histopathology plays a pivotal role in accurate diagnosis and assessing the severity and invasiveness of mucormycosis. Diabetes mellitus and corticosteroid use are the important associated factors. Keywords: post COVID -19; mucormycosis; daibetes; steroid therapy
{"title":"Post COVID-19 mucormycosis- histopathology and associated factors","authors":"P. S, Khade M, A. S, K. S, S. D","doi":"10.17727/jmsr.2023/11-16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17727/jmsr.2023/11-16","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: SARS-COV-2 infection (COVID-19) may be associated with wide range of bacterial and fungal infections. Mucormycosis is a common and potentially life threatening opportunistic fungal infection responsible for morbidity and mortality. Many factors like diabetes mellitus, hypertension and corticosteroid therapy might have been a role in the immunocompromised state of the patients. The aim of present study was to know the predisposing factors and role of histopathology in diagnosis and assessing the prognosis of post COVID-19 mucormycosis cases. Material and methods: It is a prospective observational study conducted in tertiary care hospital over a period of 6 months from April 2021 to September 2021. Functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) and maxillectomy samples from 157 post COVID-19 mucormycosis suspected cases were studied and details regarding history of diabetes mellitus, hypertension and corticosteroid therapy were retrieved. All tissue samples were examined under H&E stain and special fungal stain (PAS). Results: On histopathological examination, out of total 157 cases, 94 cases were found to be positive for mucormycosis. Of these 94 cases, 63 were males and 31 were females. Age range was from 23 to 75 years. 5 cases showed mixed mucormycosis and aspergillosis infection. Also out of 94 post COVID mucormycosis cases, 72 were diabetic, 21 were hypertensive and 68 had a history of corticosteroid intake for treatment of COVID-19 infection. Conclusion: Histopathology plays a pivotal role in accurate diagnosis and assessing the severity and invasiveness of mucormycosis. Diabetes mellitus and corticosteroid use are the important associated factors. Keywords: post COVID -19; mucormycosis; daibetes; steroid therapy","PeriodicalId":32890,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical and Scientific Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46687533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-01DOI: 10.17727/jmsr.2023/11-22
Amit A, Shubhangi V, A. D., Neel C, Kasturi B
Background: Dyslipidemia is one of the most prevalent risk factors contributing to atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Clinical trials have demonstrated that treatment of dyslipidemia reduces cardiovascular events. Fenugreek seed powder supplementation has lipid-lowering activity, but has not been studied extensively. In light of this, we undertook the present study at tertiary care hospital in Amravati, Maharashtra, with the aim of studying the effect of fenugreek seed powder on serum lipid profile in patients with dyslipidemia & to determine the adverse effects of it. Methods: The study was a single blind placebo controlled study conducted on 60 patients with dyslipidemia from June 2022 to November 2022, after meeting inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: It was found significant decrease in serum total cholesterol (237.32 to 204.51mg/dl) p value <0.001, serum LDL cholesterol (154.69 to 133.88 mg/dl) p value < 0.001 & serum triglycerides (196.95 to 165.09 mg/dl) p <0.01 with no effect on serum HDL cholesterol (41.11 to 38.92mg/dl) p >0.05, without any major side effects. Conclusion: Fenugreek seed powder significantly lowers serum total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and triglyceride levels in dyslipidemia patients, with no effect on serum HDL cholesterol levels. fenugreek seed powder supplementation considerably improves lipid Profile. Hence it could be well-thought-out as an effective lipid lowering nutritional supplement. Further high quality & large scale studies are needed to decisively establish the clinical efficacy of fenugreek seed powder. Keywords: fenugreek seed powder; dyslipidemia; lipid profile; cholesterol; LDL; triglycerides; HDL
{"title":"Effect of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) seed powder on lipid profile: A single blind placebo controlled study","authors":"Amit A, Shubhangi V, A. D., Neel C, Kasturi B","doi":"10.17727/jmsr.2023/11-22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17727/jmsr.2023/11-22","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Dyslipidemia is one of the most prevalent risk factors contributing to atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Clinical trials have demonstrated that treatment of dyslipidemia reduces cardiovascular events. Fenugreek seed powder supplementation has lipid-lowering activity, but has not been studied extensively. In light of this, we undertook the present study at tertiary care hospital in Amravati, Maharashtra, with the aim of studying the effect of fenugreek seed powder on serum lipid profile in patients with dyslipidemia & to determine the adverse effects of it. Methods: The study was a single blind placebo controlled study conducted on 60 patients with dyslipidemia from June 2022 to November 2022, after meeting inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: It was found significant decrease in serum total cholesterol (237.32 to 204.51mg/dl) p value <0.001, serum LDL cholesterol (154.69 to 133.88 mg/dl) p value < 0.001 & serum triglycerides (196.95 to 165.09 mg/dl) p <0.01 with no effect on serum HDL cholesterol (41.11 to 38.92mg/dl) p >0.05, without any major side effects. Conclusion: Fenugreek seed powder significantly lowers serum total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and triglyceride levels in dyslipidemia patients, with no effect on serum HDL cholesterol levels. fenugreek seed powder supplementation considerably improves lipid Profile. Hence it could be well-thought-out as an effective lipid lowering nutritional supplement. Further high quality & large scale studies are needed to decisively establish the clinical efficacy of fenugreek seed powder. Keywords: fenugreek seed powder; dyslipidemia; lipid profile; cholesterol; LDL; triglycerides; HDL","PeriodicalId":32890,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical and Scientific Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43430127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-01DOI: 10.17727/jmsr.2023/11-21
Takalkar Yp, Ban Sb, Annabathina R, Shinde Ph, Pramod S, Diwewar V, C. A., Rajesha K
Introduction: COVID-19 is a serious respiratory disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, aside from the respiratory system, the gastrointestinal system is the most common site of SARS-COV-2 infection. The study aimed to assess relation between COVID and ischemic bowel disease by analysing length of hospital stay and mortality rates between COVID and non-COVID groups. Methods: The study was conducted from June 2020 to November 2021 in the surgical wards of Seth GS Medical College and KEM Hospital, Mumbai. Included patients presented to emergency room with acute abdomen which diagnosed as acute ischemic bowel disease during the period of study and then compared the outcomes between COVID and non-COVID groups. Results: Out of 40 patients, 16 had no history of COVID and remaining 24 had either previous history of COVID or diagnosed presently with COVID. In both COVID and non-COVID population, distribution of comorbidities were almost equal exception being stroke, where both the cases had previous history of COVID, diabetes was the most common comorbidity in both the groups followed by hypertension. Patients with active COVID infection had higher mortality of 75% (3 out of 4) followed by patients with past history of infection with mortality rate of 65% (13 out of 20) whereas the mortality rate in non-COVID patients were 37.5% (6 out of 16). Conclusion: Ischemic bowel disease among COVID-19 patients is rare, but its association with high mortality rates and prolonged length of stay necessitates clinical suspicion and prompt intervention. Keywords: COVID-19; ischemic bowel disease; acute mesenteric ischemia
{"title":"Relation of COVID-19 with acute ischemic bowel disease: A retrospective observational study","authors":"Takalkar Yp, Ban Sb, Annabathina R, Shinde Ph, Pramod S, Diwewar V, C. A., Rajesha K","doi":"10.17727/jmsr.2023/11-21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17727/jmsr.2023/11-21","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: COVID-19 is a serious respiratory disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, aside from the respiratory system, the gastrointestinal system is the most common site of SARS-COV-2 infection. The study aimed to assess relation between COVID and ischemic bowel disease by analysing length of hospital stay and mortality rates between COVID and non-COVID groups. Methods: The study was conducted from June 2020 to November 2021 in the surgical wards of Seth GS Medical College and KEM Hospital, Mumbai. Included patients presented to emergency room with acute abdomen which diagnosed as acute ischemic bowel disease during the period of study and then compared the outcomes between COVID and non-COVID groups. Results: Out of 40 patients, 16 had no history of COVID and remaining 24 had either previous history of COVID or diagnosed presently with COVID. In both COVID and non-COVID population, distribution of comorbidities were almost equal exception being stroke, where both the cases had previous history of COVID, diabetes was the most common comorbidity in both the groups followed by hypertension. Patients with active COVID infection had higher mortality of 75% (3 out of 4) followed by patients with past history of infection with mortality rate of 65% (13 out of 20) whereas the mortality rate in non-COVID patients were 37.5% (6 out of 16). Conclusion: Ischemic bowel disease among COVID-19 patients is rare, but its association with high mortality rates and prolonged length of stay necessitates clinical suspicion and prompt intervention. Keywords: COVID-19; ischemic bowel disease; acute mesenteric ischemia","PeriodicalId":32890,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical and Scientific Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45154735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-01DOI: 10.17727/jmsr.2023/11-29
Sahu S, P. P, Gafurjiwala Sm, Panigrahi M, Kumar Y, Nirupama Ay
{"title":"COVID-19 associated mucormycosis at territory care hospital in South India - A retrospective study","authors":"Sahu S, P. P, Gafurjiwala Sm, Panigrahi M, Kumar Y, Nirupama Ay","doi":"10.17727/jmsr.2023/11-29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17727/jmsr.2023/11-29","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":32890,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical and Scientific Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49343274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-01DOI: 10.17727/jmsr.2023/11-25
Shanthi Ak, Binoy S, Biju S, Kumar Ka, Shibu R
Background: Surgical treatment is often needed for Charcot neuroarthropathy (CN) of foot. Even though good outcomes were reported with tibiotalocalcaneal arthrodesis (TTCA) in CN patients, the choice of implant is still an issue. The aim of the study was to evaluate the outcomes of TTCA with retrograde intramedullary nail, in patients with CN. Materials and methods: A prospective observational study was done with 41 consecutive patients treated with TTCA with hindfoot retrograde IM nail. The American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) score was used for the outcome evaluation, one year after surgery. Results: The mean age was 67.4(±8.7) years, with 63.5% females. Most common cause was diabetes mellitus (75.6%), followed by post-traumatic CN (19.5%) and chronic alcoholism (4.9%). Eleven (26.8%) had good score at the end of 1 year compared to five (12.2%) pre-op and twenty (48.8%) had fair score compared to fifteen (36.6%). The AOFAS score increased one year after surgery (p value 0.001). In twenty (48.8%) patients, the time taken for union was more than 6 months; and in 15 (36.6%) union occurred within 6 months of surgery. Six (14.6%) patients had non-union. Two (4.9%) had deep infection along with non-union. Hardware failure was seen in 3 (7.3%) patients. Hardware failure with non-union was reported in one (2.4%). Four (9.8%) patients had superficial wound infection and amputation done in one (2.4%) patient. Conclusion: Tibiotalocalcaneal arthrodesis with retrograde intramedullary nail is an acceptable and safe procedure with good clinical outcomes in patients with Charcot arthropathy which obviates the need for amputation. Keywords: Charcot neuroarthropathy; tibiotalocalcaneal arthrodesis; intramedullary nail; amputation
{"title":"Tibiotalocalcaneal arthrodesis with retrograde intramedullary nail for Charcot neuroarthropathy of foot - A prospective observational study","authors":"Shanthi Ak, Binoy S, Biju S, Kumar Ka, Shibu R","doi":"10.17727/jmsr.2023/11-25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17727/jmsr.2023/11-25","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Surgical treatment is often needed for Charcot neuroarthropathy (CN) of foot. Even though good outcomes were reported with tibiotalocalcaneal arthrodesis (TTCA) in CN patients, the choice of implant is still an issue. The aim of the study was to evaluate the outcomes of TTCA with retrograde intramedullary nail, in patients with CN. Materials and methods: A prospective observational study was done with 41 consecutive patients treated with TTCA with hindfoot retrograde IM nail. The American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) score was used for the outcome evaluation, one year after surgery. Results: The mean age was 67.4(±8.7) years, with 63.5% females. Most common cause was diabetes mellitus (75.6%), followed by post-traumatic CN (19.5%) and chronic alcoholism (4.9%). Eleven (26.8%) had good score at the end of 1 year compared to five (12.2%) pre-op and twenty (48.8%) had fair score compared to fifteen (36.6%). The AOFAS score increased one year after surgery (p value 0.001). In twenty (48.8%) patients, the time taken for union was more than 6 months; and in 15 (36.6%) union occurred within 6 months of surgery. Six (14.6%) patients had non-union. Two (4.9%) had deep infection along with non-union. Hardware failure was seen in 3 (7.3%) patients. Hardware failure with non-union was reported in one (2.4%). Four (9.8%) patients had superficial wound infection and amputation done in one (2.4%) patient. Conclusion: Tibiotalocalcaneal arthrodesis with retrograde intramedullary nail is an acceptable and safe procedure with good clinical outcomes in patients with Charcot arthropathy which obviates the need for amputation. Keywords: Charcot neuroarthropathy; tibiotalocalcaneal arthrodesis; intramedullary nail; amputation","PeriodicalId":32890,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical and Scientific Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46232547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-01DOI: 10.17727/jmsr.2023/11-24
B. V, Saral Jn, K. M, Sureshbabu K, S. R.
Background: The major advantage of ultrasound guided technique over the traditional landmark technique in bilateral superficial cervical plexus block is that, it helps to minimize the injury to cervical muscle, fascia and nerves. The study aimed to compare the effectiveness between landmark technique and ultrasound guided technique with respect to the post-operative analgesia, intra-operative hemodynamics and the complication rate of the procedure. Methodology: A total of 100 patients were included as our study sample which was divided into two groups of 50 each. Group A patients received Superficial Cervical Plexus Block (SCPB) using the landmark based technique and Group B patients received SCPB under ultrasound guided technique. Parameters such as success of the procedure performance time, time of onset of action, block pain score, post-operative pain score, intra-operative hemodynamics and complication rate were compared between the two groups. Results: The success rate of the block was found to be 72% in the landmark technique group compared to 90% in the ultrasound guided group. The onsite time of analgesia was found to be much earlier in ultrasound guided group (16.2 vs 11.1 mins). The hemodynamic parameters were found to be slightly higher among the landmark group compared to ultrasound guided group. Post-operative pain score was significantly better and the incidence of complication rate was nil among ultrasound guided group. Conclusion: Ultrasound guided technique is a better alternate for landmark technique for providing bilateral superficial cervical plexus block while performing thyroidectomy surgery. Keywords: cervical plexus block; landmark technique; ultrasound technique; thyroidectomy
{"title":"Comparison between ultrasound guided and landmark – based technique for superficial cervical plexus block in patients undergoing thyroid surgery","authors":"B. V, Saral Jn, K. M, Sureshbabu K, S. R.","doi":"10.17727/jmsr.2023/11-24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17727/jmsr.2023/11-24","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The major advantage of ultrasound guided technique over the traditional landmark technique in bilateral superficial cervical plexus block is that, it helps to minimize the injury to cervical muscle, fascia and nerves. The study aimed to compare the effectiveness between landmark technique and ultrasound guided technique with respect to the post-operative analgesia, intra-operative hemodynamics and the complication rate of the procedure. Methodology: A total of 100 patients were included as our study sample which was divided into two groups of 50 each. Group A patients received Superficial Cervical Plexus Block (SCPB) using the landmark based technique and Group B patients received SCPB under ultrasound guided technique. Parameters such as success of the procedure performance time, time of onset of action, block pain score, post-operative pain score, intra-operative hemodynamics and complication rate were compared between the two groups. Results: The success rate of the block was found to be 72% in the landmark technique group compared to 90% in the ultrasound guided group. The onsite time of analgesia was found to be much earlier in ultrasound guided group (16.2 vs 11.1 mins). The hemodynamic parameters were found to be slightly higher among the landmark group compared to ultrasound guided group. Post-operative pain score was significantly better and the incidence of complication rate was nil among ultrasound guided group. Conclusion: Ultrasound guided technique is a better alternate for landmark technique for providing bilateral superficial cervical plexus block while performing thyroidectomy surgery. Keywords: cervical plexus block; landmark technique; ultrasound technique; thyroidectomy","PeriodicalId":32890,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical and Scientific Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43213272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-01DOI: 10.17727/jmsr.2023/11-27
Kanugula S, Pasam Y, Baddula D
Background: Hydatid disease, or cystic echinococcosis, is a parasitic infection caused by a tapeworm. Pulmonary hydatid infection is the second common manifestation of hydatid disease. We present a patient who was diagnosed with recurrent hydatid cyst in lung and later diagnosed with brucellosis, which is a highly contagious zoonotic disease. Case presentation: A 47-years-old male was diagnosed with pulmonary hydatid disease after a computed tomography (CT) chest-plain was done. As the patient had high intermittent fever for 4 months which could not be explained by an intact cyst in the followup, the patient was diagnosed with brucellosis with both IgG and IgM antibodies positive. Conclusions: Hydatid cyst present with varied symptomatology. A high degree of clinical suspicion combined with meticulous history and clinical examination supported by laboratory investigations are required for its diagnosis. This case highlights the importance of considering brucella as a differential diagnosis. Keywords: hydatid cyst; brucellosis; co-infection; HIV; echinococcus
{"title":"A rare association of brucellosis and pulmonary hydatid cyst in a patient with human immunodeficiency virus","authors":"Kanugula S, Pasam Y, Baddula D","doi":"10.17727/jmsr.2023/11-27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17727/jmsr.2023/11-27","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Hydatid disease, or cystic echinococcosis, is a parasitic infection caused by a tapeworm. Pulmonary hydatid infection is the second common manifestation of hydatid disease. We present a patient who was diagnosed with recurrent hydatid cyst in lung and later diagnosed with brucellosis, which is a highly contagious zoonotic disease. Case presentation: A 47-years-old male was diagnosed with pulmonary hydatid disease after a computed tomography (CT) chest-plain was done. As the patient had high intermittent fever for 4 months which could not be explained by an intact cyst in the followup, the patient was diagnosed with brucellosis with both IgG and IgM antibodies positive. Conclusions: Hydatid cyst present with varied symptomatology. A high degree of clinical suspicion combined with meticulous history and clinical examination supported by laboratory investigations are required for its diagnosis. This case highlights the importance of considering brucella as a differential diagnosis. Keywords: hydatid cyst; brucellosis; co-infection; HIV; echinococcus","PeriodicalId":32890,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical and Scientific Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47175021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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