The entangled Holocaust history of Roma and Jews throughout “Rain of Ash: Roma, Jews, and the Holocaust”, tells the untold stories of shared experiences and victimhood. Responding to “Who will tell the stories of the Romani Holocaust?”, Joskowicz acknowledges Roma's sufferings and highlights the uneven position of Roma in their pursuit of justice, as well as the lack of recognition, unequal resources, and uneven memorialization. Additionally, the book reflects the attitudes and narratives that are still being integrated across Europe, about Roma. The author acknowledges that scholars, activists, and lobbyists recognized the Romani genocide but also critically approaches the Romani scholarship. “Rain of Ash: Roma, Jews, and the Holocaust”, is an essential contribution to the Romani knowledge production and an invitation for Romani scholars and activists to engage further and question the past.
{"title":"Ari Joskowicz. 2023. Rain of Ash: Roma, Jews, and the Holocaust. Princeton NJ: Princeton University Press.","authors":"Maria Yordanova Atanasova","doi":"10.29098/crs.v5i2.189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29098/crs.v5i2.189","url":null,"abstract":"The entangled Holocaust history of Roma and Jews throughout “Rain of Ash: Roma, Jews, and the Holocaust”, tells the untold stories of shared experiences and victimhood. Responding to “Who will tell the stories of the Romani Holocaust?”, Joskowicz acknowledges Roma's sufferings and highlights the uneven position of Roma in their pursuit of justice, as well as the lack of recognition, unequal resources, and uneven memorialization. Additionally, the book reflects the attitudes and narratives that are still being integrated across Europe, about Roma. The author acknowledges that scholars, activists, and lobbyists recognized the Romani genocide but also critically approaches the Romani scholarship. “Rain of Ash: Roma, Jews, and the Holocaust”, is an essential contribution to the Romani knowledge production and an invitation for Romani scholars and activists to engage further and question the past.","PeriodicalId":32956,"journal":{"name":"Critical Romani Studies","volume":"47 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141101984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This essay delves into the representation and reclamation of Romani identity and experience in contemporary art, focusing on the work of Malgorzata Mirga-Tas, viewed from a Gitano point of view located in the South of Europe. Drawing on historical contexts and artistic movements, the essay examines the evolution of Romani portrayal in European art and the emergence of contemporary Romani art as a form of resistance and self-representation. Through an analysis of Mirga-Tas's artistic practice and its intersection with themes of coloniality, gender, and racialization, the essay explores how her work challenges dominant narratives and fosters a deeper understanding of Romani culture and history. Furthermore, the essay discusses the significance of Mirga-Tas's artistic interventions in reshaping perceptions of Romani identity and contributing to broader conversations about representation, power, and agency in the art world, including the cultural field of flamenco. Through a multidisciplinary approach encompassing art history, sociology, and cultural studies, this essay offers insights into the complexities of Romani contemporary art and its role in challenging entrenched stereotypes and advocating for social justice and recognition.
{"title":"On Romani Contemporaneity: Rethinking the Malgorzata Mirga-Tas Exhibition in Seville","authors":"Miguel Ángel Vargas","doi":"10.29098/crs.v6i1.191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29098/crs.v6i1.191","url":null,"abstract":"This essay delves into the representation and reclamation of Romani identity and experience in contemporary art, focusing on the work of Malgorzata Mirga-Tas, viewed from a Gitano point of view located in the South of Europe. Drawing on historical contexts and artistic movements, the essay examines the evolution of Romani portrayal in European art and the emergence of contemporary Romani art as a form of resistance and self-representation. Through an analysis of Mirga-Tas's artistic practice and its intersection with themes of coloniality, gender, and racialization, the essay explores how her work challenges dominant narratives and fosters a deeper understanding of Romani culture and history. Furthermore, the essay discusses the significance of Mirga-Tas's artistic interventions in reshaping perceptions of Romani identity and contributing to broader conversations about representation, power, and agency in the art world, including the cultural field of flamenco. Through a multidisciplinary approach encompassing art history, sociology, and cultural studies, this essay offers insights into the complexities of Romani contemporary art and its role in challenging entrenched stereotypes and advocating for social justice and recognition.","PeriodicalId":32956,"journal":{"name":"Critical Romani Studies","volume":"88 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141101161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Unlike many other nations, the Roma lacked their own written historical records; thus, our understanding of their history is exclusively derived from the documents of the communities and societal settings they interacted with. This interaction rarely yielded substantial documentary evidence about the Roma. When records did emerge, they were often in the context of criminal activities, employment, and more commonly, due to the policies of sovereigns regulating their settlement and everyday life throughout various historical periods. Consequently, analysing these records on a singular, individual basis can lead to a skewed perception, thereby failing to provide a comprehensive understanding of Roma history. The book under review, “A magyarországi cigányok/romák I-II,” offers an extensive collection of sources, contributing significantly to the understanding of the Roma past within Hungarian historiography. This work is part of the “Minorities in Hungary: National, Ethnic, and Religious Communities” (Magyarországi kisebbségek: nemzeti, nemzetiségi és vallási közösségek) series. The selection of sources, editing, and preparation were undertaken by Ernő Kállai, György Majtényi, Zsuzsanna Mikó, Péter Tóth, and organized by the National Archives of Hungary.
与许多其他民族不同，罗姆人没有自己的书面历史记录；因此，我们对其历史的了解完全来自于他们交往的社区和社会环境的文献。这种互动很少产生有关罗姆人的大量文献证据。即使有记录，也往往是在犯罪活动、就业的背景下出现的，更常见的是在各个历史时期，由于君主的政策对罗姆人的定居和日常生活进行管理而出现的。因此，对这些记录进行单一、个别的分析可能会导致认识上的偏差，从而无法全面了解罗姆人的历史。本次评述的《A magyarországi cigányok/romák I-II》一书收集了大量资料，为匈牙利历史学界了解罗姆人的过去做出了重要贡献。这部作品是 "匈牙利少数民族 "的一部分：Magyarországi kisebbségek: nemzeti, nemzetiségi és vallási közösségek）丛书的一部分。资料的选择、编辑和准备工作由 Ernő Kállai、György Majtényi、Zsuzsanna Mikó、Péter Tóth 负责，并由匈牙利国家档案馆组织。
{"title":"Kállai Ernő, György Majtényi, Zsuzsanna Mikó and Péter Tóth. 2022. The Hungarian Gypsies/ Roma I–II. Budapest: National Archives of Hungary.","authors":"Burak Akın","doi":"10.29098/crs.v6i1.190","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29098/crs.v6i1.190","url":null,"abstract":"Unlike many other nations, the Roma lacked their own written historical records; thus, our understanding of their history is exclusively derived from the documents of the communities and societal settings they interacted with. This interaction rarely yielded substantial documentary evidence about the Roma. When records did emerge, they were often in the context of criminal activities, employment, and more commonly, due to the policies of sovereigns regulating their settlement and everyday life throughout various historical periods. Consequently, analysing these records on a singular, individual basis can lead to a skewed perception, thereby failing to provide a comprehensive understanding of Roma history. The book under review, “A magyarországi cigányok/romák I-II,” offers an extensive collection of sources, contributing significantly to the understanding of the Roma past within Hungarian historiography. This work is part of the “Minorities in Hungary: National, Ethnic, and Religious Communities” (Magyarországi kisebbségek: nemzeti, nemzetiségi és vallási közösségek) series. The selection of sources, editing, and preparation were undertaken by Ernő Kállai, György Majtényi, Zsuzsanna Mikó, Péter Tóth, and organized by the National Archives of Hungary.","PeriodicalId":32956,"journal":{"name":"Critical Romani Studies","volume":"91 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141101418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Romanian State Secret Police (Securitate) files produced before 1989 can be accessed today through a lengthy process that requires official research authorization through a government office, the National Council for the Study of the Securitate Archives (Consiliul Național pentru Studierea Arhivelor Securității - CNSAS). The CNSAS General Document Fund includes large issue-related files under the umbrella of “The Gypsy Problem,” with thousands of pages of both national and county-level reports and recommendations. This paper teases out the granular documentary clues (spie, as Italian historian Carlo Ginzburg describes them) in some of the Securitate files to explore the way in which a pattern of documentary communication is built to frame Romani identity as idiosyncratically marginal, oriental, and parasitic. A particularly interesting aspect of the knowledge production imposed through these files is reflected by anecdotes that purportedly illustrate the character of the Roma. This study analyzes the relations of power built through hermeneutic devices and language choices which build “truth formulae” (Weir) that reify a particular view of Romani ethnicity, class, and gender. This archival (de)construction has implications for a long view of policy, political memory, and exclusionary societal attitudes today and in the future.
罗马尼亚国家秘密警察（Securitate）1989 年以前的档案如今可以通过一个漫长的过程来查阅，该过程需要通过一个政府办公室，即国家秘密警察档案研究理事会（Consiliul Național pentru Studierea Arhivelor Securității - CNSAS）获得官方研究授权。CNSAS 的一般文件基金包括 "吉普赛问题 "下与问题相关的大量文件，其中有数千页的国家级和县级报告和建议。本文从一些塞库拉提特档案中发现了一些细微的文献线索（意大利历史学家卡洛-金兹伯格称之为 "spie"），以探讨如何建立一种文献传播模式，将罗姆人的身份定格为特异的边缘人、东方人和寄生虫。通过这些档案强加的知识生产的一个特别有趣的方面反映在据称能说明罗姆人特征的轶事上。本研究分析了通过解释学手段和语言选择建立起来的权力关系，这些手段和语言选择建立了 "真理公式"（威尔语），重塑了对罗姆人种族、阶级和性别的特定看法。这种档案（去）建构对当今和未来的政策、政治记忆和排斥性社会态度具有长远的影响。
{"title":"The Text beyond Itself: Romani Social Construction in Romanian Secret Police Files","authors":"Delia Popescu","doi":"10.29098/crs.v6i1.168","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29098/crs.v6i1.168","url":null,"abstract":"Romanian State Secret Police (Securitate) files produced before 1989 can be accessed today through a lengthy process that requires official research authorization through a government office, the National Council for the Study of the Securitate Archives (Consiliul Național pentru Studierea Arhivelor Securității - CNSAS). The CNSAS General Document Fund includes large issue-related files under the umbrella of “The Gypsy Problem,” with thousands of pages of both national and county-level reports and recommendations. This paper teases out the granular documentary clues (spie, as Italian historian Carlo Ginzburg describes them) in some of the Securitate files to explore the way in which a pattern of documentary communication is built to frame Romani identity as idiosyncratically marginal, oriental, and parasitic. A particularly interesting aspect of the knowledge production imposed through these files is reflected by anecdotes that purportedly illustrate the character of the Roma. This study analyzes the relations of power built through hermeneutic devices and language choices which build “truth formulae” (Weir) that reify a particular view of Romani ethnicity, class, and gender. This archival (de)construction has implications for a long view of policy, political memory, and exclusionary societal attitudes today and in the future.","PeriodicalId":32956,"journal":{"name":"Critical Romani Studies","volume":"5 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141099703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article examines the representation of Romani migrants in the context of the 2016 debates to ban begging in Sweden, highlighting the ways in which media and political discourse misrepresented, simplified, or omitted the complexities surrounding this controversial policy. Drawing on Multimodal Critical Discourse Analysis (MCDA) of media reports from two leading Swedish newspapers, this article reveals that media and political discourse often decontextualize the ban by employing three key strategies: (1) generalization and polarization, (2) victimizing the general public, and (3) concealing the historical and global context of marginalization and poverty. By portraying begging as an undignified and harmful practice, media and political discourse deflect attention away from the systemic inequalities and socio-economic conditions that lead to begging. This article argues that this decontextualization serves to legitimize and reinforce the ban on begging, creating a self-perpetuating cycle that obstructs meaningful dialogue and prevents the implementation of more effective and compassionate policy solutions that address the root causes of begging in Sweden.
{"title":"Decontextualizing a Ban on Begging: A Multimodal Critical Analysis of Media and Political Discourse in Sweden","authors":"Petre Breazu","doi":"10.29098/crs.v5i2.171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29098/crs.v5i2.171","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines the representation of Romani migrants in the context of the 2016 debates to ban begging in Sweden, highlighting the ways in which media and political discourse misrepresented, simplified, or omitted the complexities surrounding this controversial policy. Drawing on Multimodal Critical Discourse Analysis (MCDA) of media reports from two leading Swedish newspapers, this article reveals that media and political discourse often decontextualize the ban by employing three key strategies: (1) generalization and polarization, (2) victimizing the general public, and (3) concealing the historical and global context of marginalization and poverty. By portraying begging as an undignified and harmful practice, media and political discourse deflect attention away from the systemic inequalities and socio-economic conditions that lead to begging. This article argues that this decontextualization serves to legitimize and reinforce the ban on begging, creating a self-perpetuating cycle that obstructs meaningful dialogue and prevents the implementation of more effective and compassionate policy solutions that address the root causes of begging in Sweden.","PeriodicalId":32956,"journal":{"name":"Critical Romani Studies","volume":"9 22","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141098917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mobilizing Romani Ethnicity: Romani Political Activism in Argentina, Colombia, and Spain uncovers an under-researched topic, Roma activism in South America, and compares this to Roma political activism in Spain. The trans-continental nature of the comparison is welcome as it reveals processes, institutions, and agency in diverse contexts and how these contexts create opportunities for Roma activism. Almost all studies of/on Roma communities focus on Europe, for obvious reasons, as this is where the largest Romani populations are to be found. Through its novel epistemology and methodology it challenges the Euro-centrism inherent in Romani Studies forcing us to look beyond our immediate surroundings.
{"title":"Anna Mirga-Kruszelnicka. 2022. Mobilizing Romani Ethnicity: Romani Political Activism in Argentina, Colombia, and Spain. Budapest: CEU Press.","authors":"Aidan McGarry","doi":"10.29098/crs.v6i1.198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29098/crs.v6i1.198","url":null,"abstract":"Mobilizing Romani Ethnicity: Romani Political Activism in Argentina, Colombia, and Spain uncovers an under-researched topic, Roma activism in South America, and compares this to Roma political activism in Spain. The trans-continental nature of the comparison is welcome as it reveals processes, institutions, and agency in diverse contexts and how these contexts create opportunities for Roma activism. Almost all studies of/on Roma communities focus on Europe, for obvious reasons, as this is where the largest Romani populations are to be found. Through its novel epistemology and methodology it challenges the Euro-centrism inherent in Romani Studies forcing us to look beyond our immediate surroundings. ","PeriodicalId":32956,"journal":{"name":"Critical Romani Studies","volume":"12 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141099774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article explores the underrepresentation of Romani perspectives and self-perceptions in historical research. It offers a methodological reflection on the role of petitions in Romani history before unearthing the contents of Germany’s compensation files. These state administrative files contain numerous acts of Romani self-assertion in the face of a rigid bureaucratic system. German Sinti and Roma countered majority society's practices of de-individualization through deliberate subjective action that challenged the authorities long before collective action in the late 1970s. The study reveals strategies that Roma developed to be entitled to the compensation due to Nazi victims. For example, they tried to provoke reaction through rhetorical stridency; organized help from third parties, professionals, and laypersons; or escalated to superiors. In doing so, the article reveals the complexity of the administrative practice of compensation for Nazi injustice, including actors such as the lawyers hired by Roma. Their ambivalent role and interests, which are sometimes supportive, sometimes less altruistic, hold potential for further research.
{"title":"Niches of Agency: Romani Voices and Romani Allies in Compensation Procedures after 1945","authors":"Joey Rauschenberger","doi":"10.29098/crs.v5i2.167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29098/crs.v5i2.167","url":null,"abstract":"The article explores the underrepresentation of Romani perspectives and self-perceptions in historical research. It offers a methodological reflection on the role of petitions in Romani history before unearthing the contents of Germany’s compensation files. These state administrative files contain numerous acts of Romani self-assertion in the face of a rigid bureaucratic system. German Sinti and Roma countered majority society's practices of de-individualization through deliberate subjective action that challenged the authorities long before collective action in the late 1970s. The study reveals strategies that Roma developed to be entitled to the compensation due to Nazi victims. For example, they tried to provoke reaction through rhetorical stridency; organized help from third parties, professionals, and laypersons; or escalated to superiors. In doing so, the article reveals the complexity of the administrative practice of compensation for Nazi injustice, including actors such as the lawyers hired by Roma. Their ambivalent role and interests, which are sometimes supportive, sometimes less altruistic, hold potential for further research.","PeriodicalId":32956,"journal":{"name":"Critical Romani Studies","volume":"14 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141099745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
On March 16, 2023, a documentary screening and discussion was organized by the Romani Studies Program of Central European University. Máté Fuchs's movie, Unprocessed introduces how Hungarian society dealt with the anti-Roma racist murders committed by neo-Nazis between 2008-2009. The screening was followed by a discussion with Máté Fuchs, Aladár Horváth, Manuela Horvath, and Angéla Kócze, during which the experts shared their insights about trauma and how to deal with it as a society, community, and individually in the Austrian and Hungarian context.
{"title":"Their Skin Was Their Only Sin: Anti-Roma Murders in Hungary and Austria","authors":"Blanka Szilasi, Lavinia Laluna Lucie Seidel","doi":"10.29098/crs.v5i2.172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29098/crs.v5i2.172","url":null,"abstract":"On March 16, 2023, a documentary screening and discussion was organized by the Romani Studies Program of Central European University. Máté Fuchs's movie, Unprocessed introduces how Hungarian society dealt with the anti-Roma racist murders committed by neo-Nazis between 2008-2009. The screening was followed by a discussion with Máté Fuchs, Aladár Horváth, Manuela Horvath, and Angéla Kócze, during which the experts shared their insights about trauma and how to deal with it as a society, community, and individually in the Austrian and Hungarian context.","PeriodicalId":32956,"journal":{"name":"Critical Romani Studies","volume":"90 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141101295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Using a combination of Jodie Matthews’ concepts of “The Gypsy Woman” as a product of successive trans-historical encounters (actual, literary, or visual) between Gypsy subject and non-Gypsy audience, formal Archival sources in the Scott MacFie Gypsy Collection at the University of Liverpool, Foucaultian archives of subjugated knowledges, and Miranda Fricker’s approaches to epistemic injustices, this article examines the life-narrative of a Romani woman, Esmeralda Lock, and her changing relationship with her Gypsilorist interlocutors over 70 years of her life. Following the example of Laura Ann Stoler, “factual stories” in Esmeralda’s life that re-affirm Gypsilorist fictions are also examined. Esmeralda was unique in that she was literate, and hence able to leave a small but important trail of correspondence spanning 62 years (including a hitherto unknown sketch and commentary) enabling a challenge to Gypsilorist (mis)representations of her life. Her correspondence also allows her changing epistemic value of Gypsilorists to be traced. Further analyses of epistemic injustices may offer new dimensions to understanding and explaining not just the construction of subordinating discourses, but also the mechanisms of Romani epistemic suppression.
{"title":"Visions of Esmeralda Lock: Epistemic Injustice, ‘The Gypsy Woman’, and Gypsilorism","authors":"Kenneth Lee","doi":"10.29098/crs.v5i1.163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29098/crs.v5i1.163","url":null,"abstract":"Using a combination of Jodie Matthews’ concepts of “The Gypsy Woman” as a product of successive trans-historical encounters (actual, literary, or visual) between Gypsy subject and non-Gypsy audience, formal Archival sources in the Scott MacFie Gypsy Collection at the University of Liverpool, Foucaultian archives of subjugated knowledges, and Miranda Fricker’s approaches to epistemic injustices, this article examines the life-narrative of a Romani woman, Esmeralda Lock, and her changing relationship with her Gypsilorist interlocutors over 70 years of her life. Following the example of Laura Ann Stoler, “factual stories” in Esmeralda’s life that re-affirm Gypsilorist fictions are also examined. Esmeralda was unique in that she was literate, and hence able to leave a small but important trail of correspondence spanning 62 years (including a hitherto unknown sketch and commentary) enabling a challenge to Gypsilorist (mis)representations of her life. Her correspondence also allows her changing epistemic value of Gypsilorists to be traced. Further analyses of epistemic injustices may offer new dimensions to understanding and explaining not just the construction of subordinating discourses, but also the mechanisms of Romani epistemic suppression.","PeriodicalId":32956,"journal":{"name":"Critical Romani Studies","volume":"130 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139340981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
With the beginning of the Second World War the highest policy authority in the Nazi regime ordered that all fortunetelling female Sinti and Roma were to be incarcerated in concentration camps. This article traces the genesis of gendered antigypsyist motifs from the first written documentation on Sinti and Roma in Europe in the late Medieval period through the Enlightenment and the specialized discourse of criminology and penology in the nineteenth century. Furthermore, it analyzes both how the state apparatus criminalized fortunetelling asa fraudulent profession and how the criminal police under the Nazi regime implemented an order to incarcerate female Sinti and Roma by attributing the criminalized activity of fortunetelling.
{"title":"Fortunetelling as a Fraudulent Profession?","authors":"Verena Meier","doi":"10.29098/crs.v5i1.162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29098/crs.v5i1.162","url":null,"abstract":"With the beginning of the Second World War the highest policy authority in the Nazi regime ordered that all fortunetelling female Sinti and Roma were to be incarcerated in concentration camps. This article traces the genesis of gendered antigypsyist motifs from the first written documentation on Sinti and Roma in Europe in the late Medieval period through the Enlightenment and the specialized discourse of criminology and penology in the nineteenth century. Furthermore, it analyzes both how the state apparatus criminalized fortunetelling asa fraudulent profession and how the criminal police under the Nazi regime implemented an order to incarcerate female Sinti and Roma by attributing the criminalized activity of fortunetelling.","PeriodicalId":32956,"journal":{"name":"Critical Romani Studies","volume":"98 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139340927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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