Pub Date : 2022-04-28DOI: 10.20473/jkl.v14i2.2022.130-138
M. Ridha, Liestiana Indriyati, Juhairiyah Juhairiyah, Harninda Kusumaningtyas
Introduction: Malaria is still a worldwide health problem, which includes Indonesia. Vector-borne diseases are climate-sensitive and this has raised extended concern over the implications of global climate change on future disease risk. This study aims to analyze the relationship between climate factors and malaria cases in East Kalimantan Province as an illustration to assist the malaria elimination program. Methods: Laboratory confirmation of malaria cases 2014-2020 was analyzed for trends derived from the E-Sismal data. Decomposition analysis was performed to assess seasonality. Climatic data (humidity, temperature, and rainfall) were analyzed with the incidence of malaria using Spearman rank correlation and model analysis with Poisson regression. Results and Discussion: The API value did not decrease significantly, which was only 0.07% from 2014 to 2020, but there was a change in the number based on the type of parasite from Plasmodium falciparum to vivax, which means that program intervention efforts have occurred, while Plasmodium vivax can relapse. There was a seasonal trend decomposition of monthly Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax from December to March. Relative humidity shows a positive correlation while monthly temperature shows a negative correlation with P. vivax malaria cases each month. Conclusion: The outputs from this study are going to be useful at numerous levels of decision-making, for example, in fitting associate early warning and property methods for temperature change and climate change adaptation for malaria infection management programs in East Kalimantan.
{"title":"Malaria Incidence Trends and Their Association with Climatic Variables in East Kalimantan, Indonesia, 2014–2020","authors":"M. Ridha, Liestiana Indriyati, Juhairiyah Juhairiyah, Harninda Kusumaningtyas","doi":"10.20473/jkl.v14i2.2022.130-138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20473/jkl.v14i2.2022.130-138","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Malaria is still a worldwide health problem, which includes Indonesia. Vector-borne diseases are climate-sensitive and this has raised extended concern over the implications of global climate change on future disease risk. This study aims to analyze the relationship between climate factors and malaria cases in East Kalimantan Province as an illustration to assist the malaria elimination program. Methods: Laboratory confirmation of malaria cases 2014-2020 was analyzed for trends derived from the E-Sismal data. Decomposition analysis was performed to assess seasonality. Climatic data (humidity, temperature, and rainfall) were analyzed with the incidence of malaria using Spearman rank correlation and model analysis with Poisson regression. Results and Discussion: The API value did not decrease significantly, which was only 0.07% from 2014 to 2020, but there was a change in the number based on the type of parasite from Plasmodium falciparum to vivax, which means that program intervention efforts have occurred, while Plasmodium vivax can relapse. There was a seasonal trend decomposition of monthly Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax from December to March. Relative humidity shows a positive correlation while monthly temperature shows a negative correlation with P. vivax malaria cases each month. Conclusion: The outputs from this study are going to be useful at numerous levels of decision-making, for example, in fitting associate early warning and property methods for temperature change and climate change adaptation for malaria infection management programs in East Kalimantan.","PeriodicalId":32974,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48657840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-28DOI: 10.20473/jkl.v14i2.2022.82-89
C. O. Handayani, E. Martono, R. Harini
Introduction: Shallots are one of the horticultural products in great demand by the public. Excessive heavy metal content in shallot will affect people's health who consume it. This study examines the health risks of the people who consume shallot products produced in Srigading Village. Methods: Determination of sampling locations was carried out by purposive sampling method on shallot cultivation land that was ready to harvest, as many as 30 points, in September 2021. Soil and shallot samples were tested for the heavy metal content of Pb, Cd, Co, and Ni. The public health risk assessment was analyzed by looking at the Transfer Factor (TF) value, daily intake, health risk index, hazard index, and cancer risk. Results and Discussion: The concentration of heavy metals in shallots is Pb 19.14 – 30.04 mg kg-1, Cd 1.03 – 2.21 mg kg-1, Co 8.58 – 15.08 ppm, and Ni 6.00 – 10.09 mg kg-1. The average value of Transfer Factor (TF) shows metal uptake by shallots with metal levels Cd (1.07) > Pb (1.03) > Ni (0.73) > Co (0.46). The average daily dose shows that the daily consumption in children is higher than the daily dose for adults. Conclusion: Children are more at risk of being exposed to heavy metals compared to adults in consuming shallots based on the hazard index value. The continuous use of chemical fertilizers and chemical pesticides in shallot farming must be controlled to prevent the increase of accumulation of heavy metals in land and agricultural products.
{"title":"Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Shallot, Bantul Regency","authors":"C. O. Handayani, E. Martono, R. Harini","doi":"10.20473/jkl.v14i2.2022.82-89","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20473/jkl.v14i2.2022.82-89","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Shallots are one of the horticultural products in great demand by the public. Excessive heavy metal content in shallot will affect people's health who consume it. This study examines the health risks of the people who consume shallot products produced in Srigading Village. Methods: Determination of sampling locations was carried out by purposive sampling method on shallot cultivation land that was ready to harvest, as many as 30 points, in September 2021. Soil and shallot samples were tested for the heavy metal content of Pb, Cd, Co, and Ni. The public health risk assessment was analyzed by looking at the Transfer Factor (TF) value, daily intake, health risk index, hazard index, and cancer risk. Results and Discussion: The concentration of heavy metals in shallots is Pb 19.14 – 30.04 mg kg-1, Cd 1.03 – 2.21 mg kg-1, Co 8.58 – 15.08 ppm, and Ni 6.00 – 10.09 mg kg-1. The average value of Transfer Factor (TF) shows metal uptake by shallots with metal levels Cd (1.07) > Pb (1.03) > Ni (0.73) > Co (0.46). The average daily dose shows that the daily consumption in children is higher than the daily dose for adults. Conclusion: Children are more at risk of being exposed to heavy metals compared to adults in consuming shallots based on the hazard index value. The continuous use of chemical fertilizers and chemical pesticides in shallot farming must be controlled to prevent the increase of accumulation of heavy metals in land and agricultural products.","PeriodicalId":32974,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46782095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-28DOI: 10.20473/jkl.v14i2.2022.99-105
Nurrobikha Nurrobikha, N. Novrikasari, Y. Windusari, M. Misnaniarti, Ikhsan Ikhsan, Andries Lionardo, A. Affandi, Henni Febriawati, Pitri Noviadi
Introduction: Bengkulu is located on an active collision zone between two tectonic plates, namely the Eurasian Plate and the Indo-Australian Plate. As the result, earthquakes, floods, landslides, and tidal waves are common in Bengkulu. Sepang Bay is part of Bengkulu Province adjacent to the ocean, making it vulnerable to earthquakes and tsunamis. This study aims to examine the relationship between the residential environment and natural disaster preparedness in Sepang Bay, Bengkulu Regency. Methods: The type of research used is analytical observation with cross-sectional design. Data are collected from interviews, questionnaires, observations, and documentation from a total of 100 respondents selected by proportional random selection from each neighborhood in Sepang Bay Village, based on the proportion of heads of family in each neighborhood. Results and Discussion: When an earthquake occurs, there is a relationship between the residential environment and the community’s preparedness. As the existing supporting infrastructure is not properly utilized, people who live in substandard settlements do not have adequate equipment to deal with seismic disasters. When an earthquake occurs, there is a relationship between the settlement environment and the community’s preparedness. Because the existing supporting infrastructure is not being used properly, people who live in poor settlements have poor preparedness as well. Conclusion: The Sepang Bay Village Community, Bengkulu, which is located along the Panjang Beach, found a relationship between the settlement environment and earthquake preparedness (p = 0.021, PR 2.127).
{"title":"Community Preparedness for Earthquakes Based on Settlement Environment Analysis.","authors":"Nurrobikha Nurrobikha, N. Novrikasari, Y. Windusari, M. Misnaniarti, Ikhsan Ikhsan, Andries Lionardo, A. Affandi, Henni Febriawati, Pitri Noviadi","doi":"10.20473/jkl.v14i2.2022.99-105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20473/jkl.v14i2.2022.99-105","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Bengkulu is located on an active collision zone between two tectonic plates, namely the Eurasian Plate and the Indo-Australian Plate. As the result, earthquakes, floods, landslides, and tidal waves are common in Bengkulu. Sepang Bay is part of Bengkulu Province adjacent to the ocean, making it vulnerable to earthquakes and tsunamis. This study aims to examine the relationship between the residential environment and natural disaster preparedness in Sepang Bay, Bengkulu Regency. Methods: The type of research used is analytical observation with cross-sectional design. Data are collected from interviews, questionnaires, observations, and documentation from a total of 100 respondents selected by proportional random selection from each neighborhood in Sepang Bay Village, based on the proportion of heads of family in each neighborhood. Results and Discussion: When an earthquake occurs, there is a relationship between the residential environment and the community’s preparedness. As the existing supporting infrastructure is not properly utilized, people who live in substandard settlements do not have adequate equipment to deal with seismic disasters. When an earthquake occurs, there is a relationship between the settlement environment and the community’s preparedness. Because the existing supporting infrastructure is not being used properly, people who live in poor settlements have poor preparedness as well. Conclusion: The Sepang Bay Village Community, Bengkulu, which is located along the Panjang Beach, found a relationship between the settlement environment and earthquake preparedness (p = 0.021, PR 2.127).","PeriodicalId":32974,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46267861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-28DOI: 10.20473/jkl.v14i2.2022.90-98
Istianah Surury, M. Azizah, Nastiti Dyah Prastiwi
Introduction: Acute respiratory infection (ARI) is a health problem causing global morbidity and mortality in Indonesia, with 18.8 billion cases and more than six million deaths observed in 2016. Between 2013 and 2018, the diagnosis of ARI prevalence reportedly experienced a 10% decrease from 12.5-2.5%, within 10 provinces, including DKI Jakarta, Indonesia. Methods: This study aims to identify the spatial analysis of ARI events using an ecological method, based on the Air Pollution Standard Index (PSI) at DKI Jakarta between 2018 and 2019. Results and Discussion: Data analysis was performed by mapping case description through Quantum GIS, correlation assessment, as well as linear regression with SPSS scatter plot. Based on the bivariate analysis, the correlation assessment and linear regression of the ARI event with PM10 had positive regression in 2018 and 2019, at (R)0.649 and (R)0.0630, respectively. Conclusion: The highest PM10 values in Kelapa Gading and Cipayung districts increased the case of ARI fluctuations within two years. Therefore, the environmental health service office focused on the air quality evaluation and prevention control of ARI cases.
{"title":"Spatial Analysis of Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI) Based On the Air Pollution Standard Index (PSI) at DKI Jakarta Region in 2018-2019","authors":"Istianah Surury, M. Azizah, Nastiti Dyah Prastiwi","doi":"10.20473/jkl.v14i2.2022.90-98","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20473/jkl.v14i2.2022.90-98","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Acute respiratory infection (ARI) is a health problem causing global morbidity and mortality in Indonesia, with 18.8 billion cases and more than six million deaths observed in 2016. Between 2013 and 2018, the diagnosis of ARI prevalence reportedly experienced a 10% decrease from 12.5-2.5%, within 10 provinces, including DKI Jakarta, Indonesia. Methods: This study aims to identify the spatial analysis of ARI events using an ecological method, based on the Air Pollution Standard Index (PSI) at DKI Jakarta between 2018 and 2019. Results and Discussion: Data analysis was performed by mapping case description through Quantum GIS, correlation assessment, as well as linear regression with SPSS scatter plot. Based on the bivariate analysis, the correlation assessment and linear regression of the ARI event with PM10 had positive regression in 2018 and 2019, at (R)0.649 and (R)0.0630, respectively. Conclusion: The highest PM10 values in Kelapa Gading and Cipayung districts increased the case of ARI fluctuations within two years. Therefore, the environmental health service office focused on the air quality evaluation and prevention control of ARI cases.","PeriodicalId":32974,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46959729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-28DOI: 10.20473/jkl.v14i2.2022.71-81
Andika Agus Iryanto, Yura Witsqa Firmansyah, W. Widyantoro, Annisa Zolanda
Introduction: The Padang City Health Office reported 9,452 diarrhea cases in 2019, 2,248 in toddlers. The Pauh District reported 413 diarrhea cases, 110 of which occurred in toddlers. Spatial analysis was used to assess environmental sanitation as determinant of toddlers’ diarrhea incidence in Pauh District, Padang City. Methods: This observational study used a cross-sectional approach. The population was 4,653 toddlers, and the sample was 100 toddlers. The independent variables in this study include environmental sanitation factors such as the quality of clean water (presence of Escherichia coli), the condition and quality of the waste container, the quality and condition of sewerage, and the density of flies in the trash and household sewerage. The spatial analysis used was Moran Index I to examine the distribution pattern of variables. Results and Discussion: The incidence of diarrhea in toddlers, unstandardized household waste containers, unqualified waste sewerage, high fly density in household trash bins, and high fly density in sewerage was randomly distributed with a Moran index consecutively -0.130524; 0.315524; 0.153129; -0.174424; -0.025798. Then, clean water quality, waste management, and sewerage conditions that did not meet the requirements were randomly distributed with a Moran index of -0.158512; -0.160688; -0.117502. Conclusion: The spatial pattern of environmental sanitation factors as determinants of the incidence of diarrhea in toddlers was randomly distributed, and there was no autocorrelation found among the villages in Pauh District.
巴东市卫生局2019年报告了9452例腹泻病例，其中2248例为幼儿。保华区报告了413例腹泻病例，其中110例发生在幼儿中。采用空间分析方法评价环境卫生是巴东市保保区幼儿腹泻发病的决定因素。方法:本观察性研究采用横断面方法。总体是4653名幼儿，样本是100名幼儿。本研究的自变量包括环境卫生因素，如净水质量(大肠杆菌的存在)，废物容器的状况和质量，污水的质量和状况，垃圾和生活污水中的苍蝇密度。空间分析采用Moran Index I来检验变量的分布格局。结果与讨论:幼儿腹泻、生活垃圾容器不规范、生活污水不合格、生活垃圾桶蝇密度高、污水蝇密度高发生率随机分布，Moran指数依次为-0.130524;0.315524;0.153129;-0.174424;-0.025798。然后将不符合要求的洁净水质、废弃物管理和排污条件随机分布，Moran指数为-0.158512;-0.160688;-0.117502。结论:环境卫生因素作为幼儿腹泻发病的决定因素的空间格局是随机分布的，各村之间不存在自相关关系。
{"title":"Spatial Patterns of Environmental Sanitation Factors as Determinants of Toddlers’ Diarrhea in Pauh District, Padang City in 2021","authors":"Andika Agus Iryanto, Yura Witsqa Firmansyah, W. Widyantoro, Annisa Zolanda","doi":"10.20473/jkl.v14i2.2022.71-81","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20473/jkl.v14i2.2022.71-81","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The Padang City Health Office reported 9,452 diarrhea cases in 2019, 2,248 in toddlers. The Pauh District reported 413 diarrhea cases, 110 of which occurred in toddlers. Spatial analysis was used to assess environmental sanitation as determinant of toddlers’ diarrhea incidence in Pauh District, Padang City. Methods: This observational study used a cross-sectional approach. The population was 4,653 toddlers, and the sample was 100 toddlers. The independent variables in this study include environmental sanitation factors such as the quality of clean water (presence of Escherichia coli), the condition and quality of the waste container, the quality and condition of sewerage, and the density of flies in the trash and household sewerage. The spatial analysis used was Moran Index I to examine the distribution pattern of variables. Results and Discussion: The incidence of diarrhea in toddlers, unstandardized household waste containers, unqualified waste sewerage, high fly density in household trash bins, and high fly density in sewerage was randomly distributed with a Moran index consecutively -0.130524; 0.315524; 0.153129; -0.174424; -0.025798. Then, clean water quality, waste management, and sewerage conditions that did not meet the requirements were randomly distributed with a Moran index of -0.158512; -0.160688; -0.117502. Conclusion: The spatial pattern of environmental sanitation factors as determinants of the incidence of diarrhea in toddlers was randomly distributed, and there was no autocorrelation found among the villages in Pauh District.","PeriodicalId":32974,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42473063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-28DOI: 10.20473/jkl.v14i2.2022.114-121
M. M. Simatupang, E. Veronika, A. Irfandi, R. Garmini
Introduction: Online motorcycle taxi drivers spend most of their time outside as either driving or waiting for their customers. Therefore, chances of exposure to various air pollutants are higher and may cause various health problems, especially the respiratory problems. Methods: This is a descriptive study that used the Environmental Health Risk Analysis method to estimate the Risk Quotient (RQ) from exposure to PM10, SO2, CO, O3, and NO2 in drivers. The RQ was calculated based on exposure concentrations from the Special Capital Region of Jakarta Environment Agency; daily working hours, working days in a year, and working period obtained from interviews; additionally, body weight measurement, reference concentration (RfC), and the default value of inhalation intake were also collected. The population of this study was adult online motorcycle taxi drivers who operate around areas which become the air quality measurement stations in the Special Capital Region of Jakarta with a total sample of 81 people. Results and Discussion: The RQ for all minimum, average, and maximum concentrations of SO2, CO, and NO2 were <1. While for the average and maximum concentrations of PM10 and the maximum concentration of O3, the RQ was >1. The safe concentrations, work duration, and the number of working days also surpassed the maximum safety limit levels. Conclusion: PM10 and O3 ambient exposures are categorized unsafe for drivers. Environmental health efforts are necessary to reduce the concentration of air pollutants, and the guidelines to reduce pollutants exposure should be provided for drivers.
{"title":"Environmental Health Risk Assessment of Air Pollutants in Online Motorcycle Taxi Drivers in the Special Capital Region of Jakarta","authors":"M. M. Simatupang, E. Veronika, A. Irfandi, R. Garmini","doi":"10.20473/jkl.v14i2.2022.114-121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20473/jkl.v14i2.2022.114-121","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Online motorcycle taxi drivers spend most of their time outside as either driving or waiting for their customers. Therefore, chances of exposure to various air pollutants are higher and may cause various health problems, especially the respiratory problems. Methods: This is a descriptive study that used the Environmental Health Risk Analysis method to estimate the Risk Quotient (RQ) from exposure to PM10, SO2, CO, O3, and NO2 in drivers. The RQ was calculated based on exposure concentrations from the Special Capital Region of Jakarta Environment Agency; daily working hours, working days in a year, and working period obtained from interviews; additionally, body weight measurement, reference concentration (RfC), and the default value of inhalation intake were also collected. The population of this study was adult online motorcycle taxi drivers who operate around areas which become the air quality measurement stations in the Special Capital Region of Jakarta with a total sample of 81 people. Results and Discussion: The RQ for all minimum, average, and maximum concentrations of SO2, CO, and NO2 were <1. While for the average and maximum concentrations of PM10 and the maximum concentration of O3, the RQ was >1. The safe concentrations, work duration, and the number of working days also surpassed the maximum safety limit levels. Conclusion: PM10 and O3 ambient exposures are categorized unsafe for drivers. Environmental health efforts are necessary to reduce the concentration of air pollutants, and the guidelines to reduce pollutants exposure should be provided for drivers.","PeriodicalId":32974,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48080194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-26DOI: 10.20473/jkl.v14i1.2022.1-10
Nanda Inas Fauziyah, R. Azizah, Lailia Ayu Rachmawati, A. Aris, A. Sumantri, S. N. A. Jauharoh, D. B. Agusdinata
Introduction: About 11 million workers are welders worldwide, and more than 110 million workers are exposed to welding-related jobs. As many as 75.6% of welding workers in Pontianak, West Kalimantan, Indonesia, suffer from abnormal pulmonary function due to exposure to welding fumes. This study analyzed some risk factors and their sensitivity of abnormal pulmonary function in welding workers. Methods: This study is a meta-analysis article. Data sources were obtained from articles published online on Google Scholar, Science Direct, Pubmed, and Springerfrom 2010 to 2020. A total of 15 articles were selected for meta-analysis using JASP version 0.9.2 software. Results and Discussion: Results showed pooled prevalence ratio (PR) values of long-exposure variables of 1.954 (95% CI = 0.31– 1.03), smoking habits of 2.159 (95% CI = 0.33–1.22), USE of PPE 1.491 (95% CI = -0.50–1.30) and exposure to welding fumes 2.271 (95% CI = 0.52–1.12) in welding workers with abnormal pulmonary function. Conclusion: Exposure to welding fumes and smoking habits are the highest risk factors causing abnormal pulmonary function in welding workers. For workers, it is expected to reduce or stop smoking and always use PPE at work. For industry, control efforts are required by rotating work, conducting periodic worker medical examinations, providing exhaust with blowers in the workspace, and reinforcing the use of PPE at work.
{"title":"A Meta-Analysis of Risk Factors of Length of Exposure, Smoking Habits, Use of Personal Protection Equipment (PPE), and Exposure to Welding Fumes in Welding Workers with Abnormal Pulmonary Function (A Perspective of Sustainable Public Health)","authors":"Nanda Inas Fauziyah, R. Azizah, Lailia Ayu Rachmawati, A. Aris, A. Sumantri, S. N. A. Jauharoh, D. B. Agusdinata","doi":"10.20473/jkl.v14i1.2022.1-10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20473/jkl.v14i1.2022.1-10","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: About 11 million workers are welders worldwide, and more than 110 million workers are exposed to welding-related jobs. As many as 75.6% of welding workers in Pontianak, West Kalimantan, Indonesia, suffer from abnormal pulmonary function due to exposure to welding fumes. This study analyzed some risk factors and their sensitivity of abnormal pulmonary function in welding workers. Methods: This study is a meta-analysis article. Data sources were obtained from articles published online on Google Scholar, Science Direct, Pubmed, and Springerfrom 2010 to 2020. A total of 15 articles were selected for meta-analysis using JASP version 0.9.2 software. Results and Discussion: Results showed pooled prevalence ratio (PR) values of long-exposure variables of 1.954 (95% CI = 0.31– 1.03), smoking habits of 2.159 (95% CI = 0.33–1.22), USE of PPE 1.491 (95% CI = -0.50–1.30) and exposure to welding fumes 2.271 (95% CI = 0.52–1.12) in welding workers with abnormal pulmonary function. Conclusion: Exposure to welding fumes and smoking habits are the highest risk factors causing abnormal pulmonary function in welding workers. For workers, it is expected to reduce or stop smoking and always use PPE at work. For industry, control efforts are required by rotating work, conducting periodic worker medical examinations, providing exhaust with blowers in the workspace, and reinforcing the use of PPE at work.","PeriodicalId":32974,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44997248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-26DOI: 10.20473/jkl.v14i1.2022.21-26
Poppi Nastasia Yunita Dewi, N. Nurjazuli, B. Budiyono
Introduction: Farmers apply pesticides to control pests on vegetable farming in Semarang regency. One of the active ingredients of pesticides is cadmium (Cd), and exposure to cadmium in humans can interfere with kidney function. High exposure to Cd may cause the effects of chronic kidney failure. If there are a lot of free Cd ions in the body, the ability of the kidneys to produce metallothionein will be reduced. Thus, it may damage the kidney tubules as it results in high levels of urinary Cd which can be toxic. This study aimed to analyze an association between the levels of urinary Cd and impaired kidney function in farmers. Methods: This study was analytic observational and used design a cross-sectional study design. The population in this study was all farmers as many as 406 people in Gintungan village, Bandungan district, Semarang regency. There were 60 people selected as samples through purposive sampling. Results and Discussion: The level of urinary Cd in farmers on average was 0.958 µg/L with a standard deviation of 0.570 µg/L. The highest level of Cd was 5.390 µg/L and the lowest was < 0.100 µg/L. The results of the statistical chi-square test showed there was an association between levels of urinary Cd and impaired kidney function (p = 0.041). Conclusion: Impaired kidney function in farmers in Gintungan might be caused by the level of urinary Cd. Further research should measure creatinine in the blood to ensure a decrease in the glomerular filtration rate in the kidneys of the farmers.
{"title":"Urinary Cadmium Level Causing Impaired Kidney Function in Farmers in Gintungan Village, Bandungan District","authors":"Poppi Nastasia Yunita Dewi, N. Nurjazuli, B. Budiyono","doi":"10.20473/jkl.v14i1.2022.21-26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20473/jkl.v14i1.2022.21-26","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Farmers apply pesticides to control pests on vegetable farming in Semarang regency. One of the active ingredients of pesticides is cadmium (Cd), and exposure to cadmium in humans can interfere with kidney function. High exposure to Cd may cause the effects of chronic kidney failure. If there are a lot of free Cd ions in the body, the ability of the kidneys to produce metallothionein will be reduced. Thus, it may damage the kidney tubules as it results in high levels of urinary Cd which can be toxic. This study aimed to analyze an association between the levels of urinary Cd and impaired kidney function in farmers. Methods: This study was analytic observational and used design a cross-sectional study design. The population in this study was all farmers as many as 406 people in Gintungan village, Bandungan district, Semarang regency. There were 60 people selected as samples through purposive sampling. Results and Discussion: The level of urinary Cd in farmers on average was 0.958 µg/L with a standard deviation of 0.570 µg/L. The highest level of Cd was 5.390 µg/L and the lowest was < 0.100 µg/L. The results of the statistical chi-square test showed there was an association between levels of urinary Cd and impaired kidney function (p = 0.041). Conclusion: Impaired kidney function in farmers in Gintungan might be caused by the level of urinary Cd. Further research should measure creatinine in the blood to ensure a decrease in the glomerular filtration rate in the kidneys of the farmers.","PeriodicalId":32974,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49642979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-26DOI: 10.20473/jkl.v14i1.2022.37-44
Sari Arlinda, M. Riviwanto, B. Muslim, Awalia Gusti, Defriani Dwi Yanti
Introduction: The age group that is susceptible to disease and must get balanced nutrition to avoid stunting is the age group of infants under five years old (toddlers). Toddlers with stunting are caused by many factors, including parenting patterns, health services that can be reached by toddlers, environmental conditions where toddlers live, food consumption as food security for toddlers. The purpose of this research was to know the determinants of stunting in The West Pasaman Regency. Methods: The design of this study was a cross-sectional survey by interviewing 1,156 respondents in West Pasaman Regency which were selected using a simple randomized method. A structured questionnaire that has passed validity and reliability tests was used to collect data. Generalized Structural Equation Modeling was used to determine these determinants. Results and Discussion: The study showed that 30.8% of children under five years old in West Pasaman were stunted with the disease being diarrhea, which was 18.8%. Most of the children under five live in families with a low socioeconomic level, namely 53.9%, with a low education of 58.2%. The results of the re-specification of the model show that the variable that has the greatest indirect influence on the incidence of stunting is the diet variable (path coefficient = 0.90) compared to parenting and environment. Conclusion: Infectious diseases are a direct cause of stunting in toddlers. Parenting behavior factors, eating behavior factors, and environmental factors are indirect causes, but these factors play a very important role in causing stunting in toddlers. Preventive activities are needed, such as counseling for child growth and development, formation of caring for neighbors, a social gathering for nutritious food and pre-marital counseling which discusses parenting, eating patterns, and a sanitary environment
{"title":"Determinant Factors of Stunting in West Pasaman District, West Sumatera Indonesia","authors":"Sari Arlinda, M. Riviwanto, B. Muslim, Awalia Gusti, Defriani Dwi Yanti","doi":"10.20473/jkl.v14i1.2022.37-44","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20473/jkl.v14i1.2022.37-44","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The age group that is susceptible to disease and must get balanced nutrition to avoid stunting is the age group of infants under five years old (toddlers). Toddlers with stunting are caused by many factors, including parenting patterns, health services that can be reached by toddlers, environmental conditions where toddlers live, food consumption as food security for toddlers. The purpose of this research was to know the determinants of stunting in The West Pasaman Regency. Methods: The design of this study was a cross-sectional survey by interviewing 1,156 respondents in West Pasaman Regency which were selected using a simple randomized method. A structured questionnaire that has passed validity and reliability tests was used to collect data. Generalized Structural Equation Modeling was used to determine these determinants. Results and Discussion: The study showed that 30.8% of children under five years old in West Pasaman were stunted with the disease being diarrhea, which was 18.8%. Most of the children under five live in families with a low socioeconomic level, namely 53.9%, with a low education of 58.2%. The results of the re-specification of the model show that the variable that has the greatest indirect influence on the incidence of stunting is the diet variable (path coefficient = 0.90) compared to parenting and environment. Conclusion: Infectious diseases are a direct cause of stunting in toddlers. Parenting behavior factors, eating behavior factors, and environmental factors are indirect causes, but these factors play a very important role in causing stunting in toddlers. Preventive activities are needed, such as counseling for child growth and development, formation of caring for neighbors, a social gathering for nutritious food and pre-marital counseling which discusses parenting, eating patterns, and a sanitary environment","PeriodicalId":32974,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41683756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-26DOI: 10.20473/jkl.v14i1.2022.11-20
Anwar Rovik, A. Pratama, Ayu Rahayu
Introduction: Indonesia is ranked the 4th most populous country in the world. Since Covid19 is highly transmissible from human to human, Indonesia might suffer a long period of the Covid19 pandemic than other less-populous countries. This study aimed to find the correlations of tropical climate, population density and confounding factors with Covid19 progression in Indonesia from March to August 2020. Methods: The climatological data, population density, laboratory testing, and the confirmed Covid19 cases were statistically analyzed. The correlations between each data were performed with Pearson’s Correlation Coefficient using a Statistical Package for the Social Sciences. The values of statistical significance were considered at 95% and 99% confidence intervals. Results and Discussion: Indonesia recorded more than 1,315 confirmed Covid19 cases in almost all provinces (30 out of 34) during the dry season (March to August 2020). During the early pandemic, DKI Jakarta and East Java have been the epicenters of the pandemic in Indonesia. Humidity and precipitation have a weak negative correlation, while the temperatures have a weak positive correlation. Population density and laboratory testing have a strong positive and significant correlation with the cumulative confirmed Covid19 cases. Conclusion: Our study indicates that tropical climate less affects the cumulative Covid19 case in Indonesia than population density and laboratory testing capacity.
{"title":"Tropical Climate Less Affects Covid19 Transmission than Population Density: Perspective of Indonesia","authors":"Anwar Rovik, A. Pratama, Ayu Rahayu","doi":"10.20473/jkl.v14i1.2022.11-20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20473/jkl.v14i1.2022.11-20","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Indonesia is ranked the 4th most populous country in the world. Since Covid19 is highly transmissible from human to human, Indonesia might suffer a long period of the Covid19 pandemic than other less-populous countries. This study aimed to find the correlations of tropical climate, population density and confounding factors with Covid19 progression in Indonesia from March to August 2020. Methods: The climatological data, population density, laboratory testing, and the confirmed Covid19 cases were statistically analyzed. The correlations between each data were performed with Pearson’s Correlation Coefficient using a Statistical Package for the Social Sciences. The values of statistical significance were considered at 95% and 99% confidence intervals. Results and Discussion: Indonesia recorded more than 1,315 confirmed Covid19 cases in almost all provinces (30 out of 34) during the dry season (March to August 2020). During the early pandemic, DKI Jakarta and East Java have been the epicenters of the pandemic in Indonesia. Humidity and precipitation have a weak negative correlation, while the temperatures have a weak positive correlation. Population density and laboratory testing have a strong positive and significant correlation with the cumulative confirmed Covid19 cases. Conclusion: Our study indicates that tropical climate less affects the cumulative Covid19 case in Indonesia than population density and laboratory testing capacity.","PeriodicalId":32974,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49325402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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