Pub Date : 2016-07-01DOI: 10.4103/0331-3131.206214
D. Suleiman
Mental health disorders are not uncommon, and the global burden of mental health disorders is projected to reach 15% by the year 2020. By this time, it is estimated that common mental disorders such as depression, anxiety, and substance abuse‐related disorders, will disable more people than complications arising from AIDS, heart disease, accidents, and wars combined![1] This is an astonishing statistic and poses serious questions as to why mental health disorders are not given much more attention that it currently receives.
{"title":"Mental health disorders in Nigeria: A highly neglected disease","authors":"D. Suleiman","doi":"10.4103/0331-3131.206214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/0331-3131.206214","url":null,"abstract":"Mental health disorders are not uncommon, and the global burden of mental health disorders is projected to reach 15% by the year 2020. By this time, it is estimated that common mental disorders such as depression, anxiety, and substance abuse‐related disorders, will disable more people than complications arising from AIDS, heart disease, accidents, and wars combined![1] This is an astonishing statistic and poses serious questions as to why mental health disorders are not given much more attention that it currently receives.","PeriodicalId":331118,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Nigerian Medicine","volume":"127 4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123240753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-07-01DOI: 10.4103/0331-3131.206213
B. Nongo, T. Agida, Ufuoma Oghenebuk, T. Yunusa
Background: Pregnant women infected with hepatitis B virus (HBV) can transmit the infection to their fetuses and newborns. Despite the above, screening of antenatal attendees is not yet done as a routine in many Nigerian Hospitals that offer antenatal services, inclusive of University of Abuja Teaching Hospital. Aim: The aim of the study was to determine the seroprevalence of HBV infection among antenatal attendees at the University of Abuja Teaching Hospital. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of 200 consecutive antenatal attendees at the University of Abuja Teaching Hospital. Rapid Test; Quick profile™; by Lumiquick Diagnostics: Santa Clara, California, USA, was used. All materials and specimen (plasma) were brought to room temperature. Results: The seroprevalence of HBV among antenatal attendee was 7.0%. Conclusion: The prevalence of HBV among antenatal attendees at the University of Abuja Teaching Hospital, Nigeria, is on the high side. It is hereby recommended that routine screening for hepatitis B surface antigen should be offered to all antenatal clinic attendees.
{"title":"Seroprevalence of hepatitis B virus among antenatal attendees at the University of Abuja Teaching Hospital, Nigeria","authors":"B. Nongo, T. Agida, Ufuoma Oghenebuk, T. Yunusa","doi":"10.4103/0331-3131.206213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/0331-3131.206213","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Pregnant women infected with hepatitis B virus (HBV) can transmit the infection to their fetuses and newborns. Despite the above, screening of antenatal attendees is not yet done as a routine in many Nigerian Hospitals that offer antenatal services, inclusive of University of Abuja Teaching Hospital. Aim: The aim of the study was to determine the seroprevalence of HBV infection among antenatal attendees at the University of Abuja Teaching Hospital. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of 200 consecutive antenatal attendees at the University of Abuja Teaching Hospital. Rapid Test; Quick profile™; by Lumiquick Diagnostics: Santa Clara, California, USA, was used. All materials and specimen (plasma) were brought to room temperature. Results: The seroprevalence of HBV among antenatal attendee was 7.0%. Conclusion: The prevalence of HBV among antenatal attendees at the University of Abuja Teaching Hospital, Nigeria, is on the high side. It is hereby recommended that routine screening for hepatitis B surface antigen should be offered to all antenatal clinic attendees.","PeriodicalId":331118,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Nigerian Medicine","volume":"94 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122847988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-07-01DOI: 10.4103/0331-3131.206212
B. Nair, U. Raju, R. Mehrishi
Background: The study of anthropometric measurements of newborns at birth allows rapid evaluation of the neonate who has suffered abnormal intrauterine growth. Thus, neonates at increased risk of postnatal complications can be followed-up and given greater care. Objective: The aim of our study was to identify a simple anthropometric measurement which can act as a surrogate to birth weight (BW) in a resource-poor country like India where the weight of majority of the newborns is not taken. Materials and Methods: We studied all consecutive singleton newborns with gestational age between 28 weeks and 42 weeks delivered at a large hospital in North India between January 2015 and December 2015. The total number of new-borns included in the study was 3000. All data were entered and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 15.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). Results: The mean BW of 3000 neonates was 2387 g (standard deviation - 560). The mean crown heel length, head circumference, chest circumference (CC), mid-upper arm circumference, mid-calf circumference, and mid-thigh circumference were 45.9 ± 3.4 cm, 32.6.5 ± 2.3 cm, 29.5 ± 2.7 cm, 10.1 ± 1.3 cm, 10.5 ± 1.3, and 14.1 ± 1.2 cm, respectively. There was a positive correlation of BW to all such anthropometric measurements with the highest correlation coefficient for CC (r = 0.73). The optimal cutoff points for CC and arm circumference to identify low BW (LBW) newborns were ≥29.5 cm and ≥10.1 cm, respectively. Conclusion: Measurement of CC is a simple, easy, cheap, and reliable method for identification of LBW. Hence, it can be easily made use of identifying high-risk newborns by our health-care workers in rural settings of developing countries like India.
背景:新生儿出生时的人体测量研究可以快速评估患有异常宫内生长的新生儿。因此，可以对产后并发症风险增加的新生儿进行随访并给予更多的护理。目的:我们研究的目的是确定一种简单的人体测量方法，可以在印度这样的资源贫乏的国家作为出生体重(BW)的替代品，因为大多数新生儿的体重都没有被测量。材料与方法:研究2015年1月至2015年12月在印度北部一家大型医院连续分娩的28周至42周的单胎新生儿。参与研究的新生儿总数为3000人。所有数据输入并使用Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 15.0 (SPSS Inc.， Chicago, IL, USA)进行分析。结果:3000例新生儿平均体重为2387 g(标准差- 560)。平均冠跟长、头围、胸围(CC)、上臂中围、小腿中围和大腿中围分别为45.9±3.4 cm、32.6.5±2.3 cm、29.5±2.7 cm、10.1±1.3 cm、10.5±1.3 cm和14.1±1.2 cm。体重与所有这些人体测量值呈正相关，其中CC的相关系数最高(r = 0.73)。判定低体重新生儿CC和臂围的最佳分界点分别为≥29.5 cm和≥10.1 cm。结论:测定CC是一种简便、廉价、可靠的鉴别白藜芦醇的方法。因此，在印度等发展中国家的农村环境中，我们的保健工作者可以很容易地利用它来识别高危新生儿。
{"title":"Identification of a surrogate anthropometric measurement to birth weight in high-risk low birth weight newborns in a developing country","authors":"B. Nair, U. Raju, R. Mehrishi","doi":"10.4103/0331-3131.206212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/0331-3131.206212","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The study of anthropometric measurements of newborns at birth allows rapid evaluation of the neonate who has suffered abnormal intrauterine growth. Thus, neonates at increased risk of postnatal complications can be followed-up and given greater care. Objective: The aim of our study was to identify a simple anthropometric measurement which can act as a surrogate to birth weight (BW) in a resource-poor country like India where the weight of majority of the newborns is not taken. Materials and Methods: We studied all consecutive singleton newborns with gestational age between 28 weeks and 42 weeks delivered at a large hospital in North India between January 2015 and December 2015. The total number of new-borns included in the study was 3000. All data were entered and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 15.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). Results: The mean BW of 3000 neonates was 2387 g (standard deviation - 560). The mean crown heel length, head circumference, chest circumference (CC), mid-upper arm circumference, mid-calf circumference, and mid-thigh circumference were 45.9 ± 3.4 cm, 32.6.5 ± 2.3 cm, 29.5 ± 2.7 cm, 10.1 ± 1.3 cm, 10.5 ± 1.3, and 14.1 ± 1.2 cm, respectively. There was a positive correlation of BW to all such anthropometric measurements with the highest correlation coefficient for CC (r = 0.73). The optimal cutoff points for CC and arm circumference to identify low BW (LBW) newborns were ≥29.5 cm and ≥10.1 cm, respectively. Conclusion: Measurement of CC is a simple, easy, cheap, and reliable method for identification of LBW. Hence, it can be easily made use of identifying high-risk newborns by our health-care workers in rural settings of developing countries like India.","PeriodicalId":331118,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Nigerian Medicine","volume":"396 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132706538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-07-01DOI: 10.4103/0331-3131.206211
R. Yadav, Abhay Kumar
Functional imaging is an important step in the diagnostic approach of patients with pheochromocytoma (PCC). Metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) scintigraphy (single-photon emission computed tomography) is currently the most widely used functional imaging modality for evaluating a case of PCC. However, it has some limitations and poor sensitivity, especially in cases of malignant PCC (MPCC). Positron emission tomography (PET) scanning with gallium-68 (68Ga)-DOTA-coupled somatostatin analogs is the newer upcoming modality with some superiority over MIBG scan. We present a case of MPCC with unusual invasion and metastasis positive on DOTANOC PET scan along with relevant review of literature.
{"title":"68Gallium-DOTANOC positron emission tomography/computed tomography scintigraphy for an unusual case of malignant pheochromocytoma: Findings and review of literature","authors":"R. Yadav, Abhay Kumar","doi":"10.4103/0331-3131.206211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/0331-3131.206211","url":null,"abstract":"Functional imaging is an important step in the diagnostic approach of patients with pheochromocytoma (PCC). Metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) scintigraphy (single-photon emission computed tomography) is currently the most widely used functional imaging modality for evaluating a case of PCC. However, it has some limitations and poor sensitivity, especially in cases of malignant PCC (MPCC). Positron emission tomography (PET) scanning with gallium-68 (68Ga)-DOTA-coupled somatostatin analogs is the newer upcoming modality with some superiority over MIBG scan. We present a case of MPCC with unusual invasion and metastasis positive on DOTANOC PET scan along with relevant review of literature.","PeriodicalId":331118,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Nigerian Medicine","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130131619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-07-01DOI: 10.4103/0331-3131.206210
J. Faruk
Asymptomatic malaria parasitemia has been documented in donor blood in West Africa. However, donated blood is not routinely screened for malaria parasites (MPs). A literature search was conducted using PubMed and Google Scholar engines, with the search terms “malaria” and “transfusion.” The search results were perused and studies relevant to the subject matter and that available in full text were retrieved. The retrieved studies were then grouped, based on the type of study, into systematic reviews, original articles, and case reports. Commentaries and letters to editors were excluded from the study. Finally, the studies were synthesized based on their themes; detection of MPs in blood donors, studies on MPs in blood recipients, prevention of transfusion-transmitted infections and malaria. In each category, studies from Nigeria and other malaria-endemic African countries were analyzed first, then Asian studies, followed by European and American studies. From the reviewed literature, the overall occurrence of blood transfusion malaria in transfusion recipients is low despite the fact that the potential risk of transmission is quite high as evidenced by the large proportion of blood donors harboring MPs. While several methods are being utilized to reduce the risk of transmission of transfusion malaria, their cost-effectiveness limits wide-range application. However, the riboflavin-ultraviolet light-based parasite reduction system has the potential to revolutionize the incidence of transfusion-transmitted malaria. Therefore, malaria control and eradication interventions need to be strengthened to reduce the rate of infection in the potential blood donors.
{"title":"Blood transfusion malaria: A literature review","authors":"J. Faruk","doi":"10.4103/0331-3131.206210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/0331-3131.206210","url":null,"abstract":"Asymptomatic malaria parasitemia has been documented in donor blood in West Africa. However, donated blood is not routinely screened for malaria parasites (MPs). A literature search was conducted using PubMed and Google Scholar engines, with the search terms “malaria” and “transfusion.” The search results were perused and studies relevant to the subject matter and that available in full text were retrieved. The retrieved studies were then grouped, based on the type of study, into systematic reviews, original articles, and case reports. Commentaries and letters to editors were excluded from the study. Finally, the studies were synthesized based on their themes; detection of MPs in blood donors, studies on MPs in blood recipients, prevention of transfusion-transmitted infections and malaria. In each category, studies from Nigeria and other malaria-endemic African countries were analyzed first, then Asian studies, followed by European and American studies. From the reviewed literature, the overall occurrence of blood transfusion malaria in transfusion recipients is low despite the fact that the potential risk of transmission is quite high as evidenced by the large proportion of blood donors harboring MPs. While several methods are being utilized to reduce the risk of transmission of transfusion malaria, their cost-effectiveness limits wide-range application. However, the riboflavin-ultraviolet light-based parasite reduction system has the potential to revolutionize the incidence of transfusion-transmitted malaria. Therefore, malaria control and eradication interventions need to be strengthened to reduce the rate of infection in the potential blood donors.","PeriodicalId":331118,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Nigerian Medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125787009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-07-01DOI: 10.4103/0331-3131.177953
R. Muhammad, M. Jamda, L. Langnap
Aim: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of presbyopia in rural Gwagwalada, Abuja, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: A population-based cross-sectional study was conducted, using cluster random sampling to select 15 clusters of 40 participants each. The examination consisted of distance visual acuity measurement using the LogMAR chart at 4 m in ambient light, subjective distance refraction, and ophthalmoscopy. Near visual acuity was assessed at 40 cm with distance correction on for those who required it. Spherical plus lenses in increments of 0.5 diopter were added until the participant was able to read N8 or no further improvement occurred. A participant was defined as having presbyopia if he or she required an addition of at least 1.00 D in either eye to improve near vision to at least N8 or the participant was unable to read N8 at 40 cm with the distance correction in place if required. Results: The prevalence of presbyopia in all age groups was 53.4% [95% confidence interval (CI): 48.9-57.9]. On multivariate analysis, female gender [odds ratio (OR): 2.37, 95% CI: 1.58-3.56] and increasing age (OR: 3.42, 95% CI: 1.65-7.10) were associated with presbyopia. Analysis of degree of presbyopia by gender showed that females had more severe presbyopia than males (mean 2.46D vs 2.17D, respectively; P = 0.001). Conclusion: This study revealed the high magnitude of presbyopia among communities where reading is uncommon in rural Nigeria. This study further emphasizes the need for provision of near vision spectacles not only to literate communities, but also to communities where reading is uncommon, as forms of near work other than reading, such as threading a needle, cutting fingernails, and sorting out grains, are commonly performed.
{"title":"Prevalence of presbyopia in rural Abuja, Nigeria","authors":"R. Muhammad, M. Jamda, L. Langnap","doi":"10.4103/0331-3131.177953","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/0331-3131.177953","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of presbyopia in rural Gwagwalada, Abuja, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: A population-based cross-sectional study was conducted, using cluster random sampling to select 15 clusters of 40 participants each. The examination consisted of distance visual acuity measurement using the LogMAR chart at 4 m in ambient light, subjective distance refraction, and ophthalmoscopy. Near visual acuity was assessed at 40 cm with distance correction on for those who required it. Spherical plus lenses in increments of 0.5 diopter were added until the participant was able to read N8 or no further improvement occurred. A participant was defined as having presbyopia if he or she required an addition of at least 1.00 D in either eye to improve near vision to at least N8 or the participant was unable to read N8 at 40 cm with the distance correction in place if required. Results: The prevalence of presbyopia in all age groups was 53.4% [95% confidence interval (CI): 48.9-57.9]. On multivariate analysis, female gender [odds ratio (OR): 2.37, 95% CI: 1.58-3.56] and increasing age (OR: 3.42, 95% CI: 1.65-7.10) were associated with presbyopia. Analysis of degree of presbyopia by gender showed that females had more severe presbyopia than males (mean 2.46D vs 2.17D, respectively; P = 0.001). Conclusion: This study revealed the high magnitude of presbyopia among communities where reading is uncommon in rural Nigeria. This study further emphasizes the need for provision of near vision spectacles not only to literate communities, but also to communities where reading is uncommon, as forms of near work other than reading, such as threading a needle, cutting fingernails, and sorting out grains, are commonly performed.","PeriodicalId":331118,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Nigerian Medicine","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125537194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-07-01DOI: 10.4103/0331-3131.177955
B. Usman, Abdullahi Mohammed
Introduction: Carcinomas are an important cause of morbidity and mortality among adults but are relatively uncommon in children. However, a significant number of carcinomas do occur in children, with debilitating consequences. Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective study of all the carcinoma diagnoses in children aged 15 years and below during the 17 years′ study period. Laboratory records from the Department of Pathology, Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Zaria, Nigeria were extracted and reviewed. The findings were compared with similar studies elsewhere. Results: There were 41 children with confirmed cases of carcinoma, with 24 males and 17 females. The male-to-female ratio was 1.4:1. The peak age of incidence was 11-15 years. Patients aged less than 6 years constituted only 9.8% of cases. The commonest sites were the skin (29.3%), colon (22.0%), nasopharynx (14.6%), and major and minor salivary glands (14.6%). Conclusion: Carcinomas in children do occur, but are rare. These tumors are diverse and site-specific in their epidemiology, histogenesis, natural history, biologic behavior, morphology, and prognosis.
{"title":"Carcinoma in children at Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital Zaria","authors":"B. Usman, Abdullahi Mohammed","doi":"10.4103/0331-3131.177955","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/0331-3131.177955","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Carcinomas are an important cause of morbidity and mortality among adults but are relatively uncommon in children. However, a significant number of carcinomas do occur in children, with debilitating consequences. Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective study of all the carcinoma diagnoses in children aged 15 years and below during the 17 years′ study period. Laboratory records from the Department of Pathology, Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Zaria, Nigeria were extracted and reviewed. The findings were compared with similar studies elsewhere. Results: There were 41 children with confirmed cases of carcinoma, with 24 males and 17 females. The male-to-female ratio was 1.4:1. The peak age of incidence was 11-15 years. Patients aged less than 6 years constituted only 9.8% of cases. The commonest sites were the skin (29.3%), colon (22.0%), nasopharynx (14.6%), and major and minor salivary glands (14.6%). Conclusion: Carcinomas in children do occur, but are rare. These tumors are diverse and site-specific in their epidemiology, histogenesis, natural history, biologic behavior, morphology, and prognosis.","PeriodicalId":331118,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Nigerian Medicine","volume":"263 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123912372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-07-01DOI: 10.4103/0331-3131.177957
S. Salami, O. Olusunmade
Arthroscopy is playing an increasing role in the management of tibia plateau fractures. We present its use in a Nigerian patient with malunited tibia plateau fracture. A 37-yearold male teacher with a 4-month-old left tibia plateau fracture presented with pain, instability, and deformity. He had arthroscopic evaluation followed by medial opening wedge corrective osteotomy. At 4 months follow-up, he was pain free and had a stable knee. Arthroscopy can be successfully used and is beneficial in the treatment of a malunited tibia plateau fracture. This case highlights the possible benefits of arthroscopy in case of this very complex injury. As the practice of arthroscopy and other minimally invasive surgeries becomes more widespread in Nigeria, we hope that more surgeons will incorporate this in their practice.
{"title":"Arthroscopically assisted treatment of a malunited tibia plateau fracture: A case report","authors":"S. Salami, O. Olusunmade","doi":"10.4103/0331-3131.177957","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/0331-3131.177957","url":null,"abstract":"Arthroscopy is playing an increasing role in the management of tibia plateau fractures. We present its use in a Nigerian patient with malunited tibia plateau fracture. A 37-yearold male teacher with a 4-month-old left tibia plateau fracture presented with pain, instability, and deformity. He had arthroscopic evaluation followed by medial opening wedge corrective osteotomy. At 4 months follow-up, he was pain free and had a stable knee. Arthroscopy can be successfully used and is beneficial in the treatment of a malunited tibia plateau fracture. This case highlights the possible benefits of arthroscopy in case of this very complex injury. As the practice of arthroscopy and other minimally invasive surgeries becomes more widespread in Nigeria, we hope that more surgeons will incorporate this in their practice.","PeriodicalId":331118,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Nigerian Medicine","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128970860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-07-01DOI: 10.4103/0331-3131.177958
O. Adenuga, O. Odugbo, Mercy O. Adejoh, F. Oyediji, Folushade I Adeyemi
Central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) is an ocular emergency that may result in significant functional morbidity. Emboli of cardiac origin are an uncommon cause of retinal artery occlusion and a variety of cardiac disorders including dilated cardiomyopathies may be the source. We present a case of sudden unilateral vision loss in a 38-year-old man with alcoholic cardiomyopathy (ACM). Ocular examination revealed symptoms of a right CRAO. His visual outcome was poor despite emergency measures taken at presentation. This case should increase the awareness of CRAO as a possible embolic complication in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy.
{"title":"Unilateral central retinal artery occlusion in alcoholic cardiomyopathy","authors":"O. Adenuga, O. Odugbo, Mercy O. Adejoh, F. Oyediji, Folushade I Adeyemi","doi":"10.4103/0331-3131.177958","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/0331-3131.177958","url":null,"abstract":"Central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) is an ocular emergency that may result in significant functional morbidity. Emboli of cardiac origin are an uncommon cause of retinal artery occlusion and a variety of cardiac disorders including dilated cardiomyopathies may be the source. We present a case of sudden unilateral vision loss in a 38-year-old man with alcoholic cardiomyopathy (ACM). Ocular examination revealed symptoms of a right CRAO. His visual outcome was poor despite emergency measures taken at presentation. This case should increase the awareness of CRAO as a possible embolic complication in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy.","PeriodicalId":331118,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Nigerian Medicine","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115746539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-07-01DOI: 10.4103/0331-3131.177941
D. Suleiman
It is no longer news that in most tertiary health institutions in Nigeria, hospital/clinical autopsy is for all intents and purposes, dead. What is most shocking, however, is that it appears that absolutely nothing is being done about it by relevant stakeholders. If this unpalatable situation is allowed to continue, a time will come when even the pathologist who possess the necessary skill to perform autopsies will become extinct, leaving the future practice of medicine blind to the many adverse consequences of clinical actions or omissions.[1] The importance of autopsies, especially hospital autopsies are well-documented. In addition to determining the cause of death, the autopsy remains a veritable tool for elucidating the changing spectrum of diseases; it allows confirmation, classification, and correction of antemortem diagnosis as well as identification of new and reemerging diseases. Beyond these, autopsy can serve as a quality assurance tool to assess the standards of clinical practice and can help grieving families in the psychological healing process by providing clearer explanations on the processes that led to the death of their loved ones. The discovery of hitherto unrecognized genetic diseases enable family counseling and prevention of serious consequences in family members.[1,2] Finally, the educational benefits of clinical autopsy are second to none; it provides a very unique learning opportunity where all interested parties, including the pathologist who performed the autopsy, to gain new insights into the disease process that led to the demise of the deceased.
{"title":"Reviving hospital autopsy in Nigeria: An urgent call for action","authors":"D. Suleiman","doi":"10.4103/0331-3131.177941","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/0331-3131.177941","url":null,"abstract":"It is no longer news that in most tertiary health institutions in Nigeria, hospital/clinical autopsy is for all intents and purposes, dead. What is most shocking, however, is that it appears that absolutely nothing is being done about it by relevant stakeholders. If this unpalatable situation is allowed to continue, a time will come when even the pathologist who possess the necessary skill to perform autopsies will become extinct, leaving the future practice of medicine blind to the many adverse consequences of clinical actions or omissions.[1] The importance of autopsies, especially hospital autopsies are well-documented. In addition to determining the cause of death, the autopsy remains a veritable tool for elucidating the changing spectrum of diseases; it allows confirmation, classification, and correction of antemortem diagnosis as well as identification of new and reemerging diseases. Beyond these, autopsy can serve as a quality assurance tool to assess the standards of clinical practice and can help grieving families in the psychological healing process by providing clearer explanations on the processes that led to the death of their loved ones. The discovery of hitherto unrecognized genetic diseases enable family counseling and prevention of serious consequences in family members.[1,2] Finally, the educational benefits of clinical autopsy are second to none; it provides a very unique learning opportunity where all interested parties, including the pathologist who performed the autopsy, to gain new insights into the disease process that led to the demise of the deceased.","PeriodicalId":331118,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Nigerian Medicine","volume":"81 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121703307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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