Pub Date : 2022-11-15DOI: 10.5593/sgem2022/3.1/s14.45
D. Vasiliev, R. Stevens, R. Hazlett, L. Bornmalm
Forest restoration programmes take place globally and lay a pivotal role in addressing climate change and biodiversity loss. Often restoration programmes are based on simple plantation schemes, evenly planting trees that later on might contribute to economic activity. This, however, does not seem to be sufficient for supporting biodiversity. Recent research suggests that successful restorations should match original ecological patterns in any particular landscape, assuming that severe erosion and changing soil conditions have not taken place during disturbances. This means that understanding natural historic patterns is vital. However, achieving such understanding is often challenging, given the fact that historic satellite imagery is generally available only for relatively short time periods. It is therefore important, if possible, to model former landscape ecological patterns. Modelling might be based on different site-specific approaches and historical records. However, most powerful tools available today include deep learning and artificial intelligence. Construction and training of neural networks might allow simulation of historical forest patterns in cases when satellite imagery is not available for long time periods. Application of this technique is very likely to have important practical implications.
{"title":"NOVEL APPLICATIONS OF GIS AND ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN FOREST RESTORATION","authors":"D. Vasiliev, R. Stevens, R. Hazlett, L. Bornmalm","doi":"10.5593/sgem2022/3.1/s14.45","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5593/sgem2022/3.1/s14.45","url":null,"abstract":"Forest restoration programmes take place globally and lay a pivotal role in addressing climate change and biodiversity loss. Often restoration programmes are based on simple plantation schemes, evenly planting trees that later on might contribute to economic activity. This, however, does not seem to be sufficient for supporting biodiversity. Recent research suggests that successful restorations should match original ecological patterns in any particular landscape, assuming that severe erosion and changing soil conditions have not taken place during disturbances. This means that understanding natural historic patterns is vital. However, achieving such understanding is often challenging, given the fact that historic satellite imagery is generally available only for relatively short time periods. It is therefore important, if possible, to model former landscape ecological patterns. Modelling might be based on different site-specific approaches and historical records. However, most powerful tools available today include deep learning and artificial intelligence. Construction and training of neural networks might allow simulation of historical forest patterns in cases when satellite imagery is not available for long time periods. Application of this technique is very likely to have important practical implications.","PeriodicalId":331146,"journal":{"name":"SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference� EXPO Proceedings","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122759879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-15DOI: 10.5593/sgem2022/5.1/s20.002
A. Jurca, Mihaela Părăian, M. Radu, Mihai Cătălin Popa, D. Gabor
Many processes involving dusts, suspended or accumulated, have the potential to lead to fire, explosion or decomposition in the presence of oxygen and an ignition source. The risk of dust explosions increases as more and more products take the form of dusts or require the use of dusts during manufacture. In spite of extensive research and development to prevent and mitigate dust explosions in the process industries, this phenomenon continues to represent a constant hazard to industries including manufacturing, using and handling of combustible dust material. The purpose of explosion preventing and protection measures is to prevent explosion occurrence, by eliminating or avoiding the conditions leading to explosions. The dust explosion and combustion characteristics are required to be known, in order to suitably choose and draw up the preventive and protection measures. Once known, the protection/prevention measures can be correlated with the safety characteristics. The aim of this paper is to analyze of explosion and combustion characteristics of wood dust clouds in dependence of the particle size distribution. The paper shows the importance of knowing the explosive characteristics of dusts and identifying the factors of influence in obtaining the results.
{"title":"ANALYSE OF EXPLOSION CHARACTERISTICS OF WOOD DUST CLOUDS IN DEPENDENCE OF THE PARTICLE SIZE DISTRIBUTION","authors":"A. Jurca, Mihaela Părăian, M. Radu, Mihai Cătălin Popa, D. Gabor","doi":"10.5593/sgem2022/5.1/s20.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5593/sgem2022/5.1/s20.002","url":null,"abstract":"Many processes involving dusts, suspended or accumulated, have the potential to lead to fire, explosion or decomposition in the presence of oxygen and an ignition source. The risk of dust explosions increases as more and more products take the form of dusts or require the use of dusts during manufacture. In spite of extensive research and development to prevent and mitigate dust explosions in the process industries, this phenomenon continues to represent a constant hazard to industries including manufacturing, using and handling of combustible dust material. \u0000The purpose of explosion preventing and protection measures is to prevent explosion occurrence, by eliminating or avoiding the conditions leading to explosions. The dust explosion and combustion characteristics are required to be known, in order to suitably choose and draw up the preventive and protection measures. Once known, the protection/prevention measures can be correlated with the safety characteristics. \u0000The aim of this paper is to analyze of explosion and combustion characteristics of wood dust clouds in dependence of the particle size distribution. The paper shows the importance of knowing the explosive characteristics of dusts and identifying the factors of influence in obtaining the results.","PeriodicalId":331146,"journal":{"name":"SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference� EXPO Proceedings","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122533589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-15DOI: 10.5593/sgem2022/4.1/s18.29
Ş. Şefu, B. Tudor, L. Dumitrescu, Ionela Baciu
In this article, the authors analyzed the importance of recycling and reusing components in hydraulic drive equipment in line with the principles of the circular economy. The circular economy is also based on the principle of 3R, Reduction, Reuse, Recycling and attempts are being made to implement this principle in all areas, in order to protect existing resources, which are limited. Unlike the economy of consumer goods where in time was used the principle of linear economy, where after manufacture and consumption the goods were disposed, in hydraulic drive principles were used and still used as reuse, repair, maintenance, factory. Due to the fact that hydraulic equipment is expensive to purchase new, and its maintenance is not cheap at all, market trends have always been to repair or reuse hydraulic components, to the detriment of their purchase by us. Practically, in this field of hydraulic drives, the beneficiaries turned themselves to these principles of the circular economy, without the need for them to be imposed by anyone, as has happened in other areas. The authors point out that in the field of hydraulic drives the importance of recycling and reuse has taken a significant place, so in this field it is much easier to successfully apply the principles of the circular economy, thus reducing raw material consumption and pressure on existing resources.
{"title":"RECYCLING AND REUSE OF HYDRAULIC COMPONENTS AND MATERIALS, COMPONENT PRINCIPLES OF THE CIRCULAR ECONOMY","authors":"Ş. Şefu, B. Tudor, L. Dumitrescu, Ionela Baciu","doi":"10.5593/sgem2022/4.1/s18.29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5593/sgem2022/4.1/s18.29","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, the authors analyzed the importance of recycling and reusing components in hydraulic drive equipment in line with the principles of the circular economy. The circular economy is also based on the principle of 3R, Reduction, Reuse, Recycling and attempts are being made to implement this principle in all areas, in order to protect existing resources, which are limited. Unlike the economy of consumer goods where in time was used the principle of linear economy, where after manufacture and consumption the goods were disposed, in hydraulic drive principles were used and still used as reuse, repair, maintenance, factory. Due to the fact that hydraulic equipment is expensive to purchase new, and its maintenance is not cheap at all, market trends have always been to repair or reuse hydraulic components, to the detriment of their purchase by us. Practically, in this field of hydraulic drives, the beneficiaries turned themselves to these principles of the circular economy, without the need for them to be imposed by anyone, as has happened in other areas. The authors point out that in the field of hydraulic drives the importance of recycling and reuse has taken a significant place, so in this field it is much easier to successfully apply the principles of the circular economy, thus reducing raw material consumption and pressure on existing resources.","PeriodicalId":331146,"journal":{"name":"SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference� EXPO Proceedings","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122202038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-15DOI: 10.5593/sgem2022/4.1/s18.27
Vaclav Zyder, Marian Piecha, Daniela Mošová
Municipal waste is defined as waste from households and other sources, such as retail, administration, education, health, accommodation and food services and other services and activities, which is similar in nature and composition to household waste. Municipal waste should therefore include, inter alia, waste from park and garden maintenance, such as leaves, grass and tree clippings, and waste from market and street cleaning, such as the contents of rubbish bins and rubbish, with the exception of materials such as sand, stones, mud or dust. The rules and guidelines for municipal waste management are, of course, set by the relevant legal regulations, first of all the regulations and directives of the European Union, then the laws, government regulations and decrees. The Czech Republic is obliged to implement all EU regulations. The number of regulations adopted at the level of the European Union has been so great in recent years that they no longer even "roll over" into Czech Act No. 1852001 Coll. on waste, but only references to the relevant EU standards are inserted. The aim of the presented article is to define the procedures for waste treatment of a selected municipal company operating in the city of Havirov.
{"title":"PROCESSING AND DISPOSAL OF MUNICIPAL WASTE OF A SELECTED COMPANY","authors":"Vaclav Zyder, Marian Piecha, Daniela Mošová","doi":"10.5593/sgem2022/4.1/s18.27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5593/sgem2022/4.1/s18.27","url":null,"abstract":"Municipal waste is defined as waste from households and other sources, such as retail, administration, education, health, accommodation and food services and other services and activities, which is similar in nature and composition to household waste. Municipal waste should therefore include, inter alia, waste from park and garden maintenance, such as leaves, grass and tree clippings, and waste from market and street cleaning, such as the contents of rubbish bins and rubbish, with the exception of materials such as sand, stones, mud or dust. The rules and guidelines for municipal waste management are, of course, set by the relevant legal regulations, first of all the regulations and directives of the European Union, then the laws, government regulations and decrees. The Czech Republic is obliged to implement all EU regulations. The number of regulations adopted at the level of the European Union has been so great in recent years that they no longer even \"roll over\" into Czech Act No. 1852001 Coll. on waste, but only references to the relevant EU standards are inserted. The aim of the presented article is to define the procedures for waste treatment of a selected municipal company operating in the city of Havirov.","PeriodicalId":331146,"journal":{"name":"SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference� EXPO Proceedings","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116679247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-15DOI: 10.5593/sgem2022/1.1/s02.011
Tomas Macan, O. Machel, J. Grosek
The California Bearing Ratio (CBR) is a test designed to measure the bearing capacity of the subgrade during a construction of roads. It has also been used as a baring capacity test for unpaved aircraft runways and other transport areas. Nowadays, CBR is used as a proof and control test in evaluating the bearing capacity of subgrade and structural layers of roads. A distinction is made between the laboratory test and the in-situ test, which is nowadays no longer widely used. This is due to several reasons. It is primarily about the physical demands of performing the test. Another limiting factor is that it can only be used in case of fine-grained materials. This paper deals with the development of an automatic lightweight dynamic cone penetrometer, verification of its functionality in the laboratory geotechnical field, describing the progress and results of comparative measurements with mechanical DCP. Also, the CBR values obtained by the classical way from the collected samples and the CBR obtained by recalculation from the measured values by the automatic DCP in-situ will be compared.
{"title":"AUTOMATION AND APPLICATION OF LIGHTWEIGHT DYNAMIC CONE PENETROMETER (DCP) FOR PAVEMENT BEARING CAPACITY TESTING","authors":"Tomas Macan, O. Machel, J. Grosek","doi":"10.5593/sgem2022/1.1/s02.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5593/sgem2022/1.1/s02.011","url":null,"abstract":"The California Bearing Ratio (CBR) is a test designed to measure the bearing capacity of the subgrade during a construction of roads. It has also been used as a baring capacity test for unpaved aircraft runways and other transport areas. Nowadays, CBR is used as a proof and control test in evaluating the bearing capacity of subgrade and structural layers of roads. A distinction is made between the laboratory test and the in-situ test, which is nowadays no longer widely used. This is due to several reasons. It is primarily about the physical demands of performing the test. Another limiting factor is that it can only be used in case of fine-grained materials. \u0000This paper deals with the development of an automatic lightweight dynamic cone penetrometer, verification of its functionality in the laboratory geotechnical field, describing the progress and results of comparative measurements with mechanical DCP. Also, the CBR values obtained by the classical way from the collected samples and the CBR obtained by recalculation from the measured values by the automatic DCP in-situ will be compared.","PeriodicalId":331146,"journal":{"name":"SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference� EXPO Proceedings","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129747999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-15DOI: 10.5593/sgem2022/3.1/s15.47
Andrey Sergeevich Mikhaylov, A. Mikhaylova
From time immemorial, the oceans, seas and their coasts have been the cradle of human civilization and still play a vital role in the lives of millions of people, indirectly affecting all of humanity. The phenomenon of coastalization suggests that our reliance on and dependence from marine and maritime sectors will grow, and their sustainable development is a topical challenge. The Blue growth strategy addresses this issue on a Pan-European level, fostering research and innovation with regards to marine environments. Building on the conceptual grounds of knowledge and innovation studies, we hypothesize that countries and regions within a common sea basin will achieve the highest efficiency in research collaboration and knowledge exchange. By using bibliometric data from the Scopus abstract and citation database, we track scholarly output, co-authorship, and citations in the framework of the Blue growth strategy affiliated to the institutions of the Baltic Sea basin. The visualization of the research landscape is done in VOSviewer software at the level of bibliographic coupling, cocitation, and co-authorship relations. Our study evaluates maritime research networks and knowledge flows between the coastal cities of the Baltic Sea basin countries. Findings suggest that sea-related challenges act as an integrating factor in research, driving cooperative initiatives in achieving sustainable development at the macro-region with that solving national objectives.
{"title":"MARITIME AGENDA AS AN ANCHOR OF RESEARCH COLLABORATION IN THE BALTIC SEA BASIN","authors":"Andrey Sergeevich Mikhaylov, A. Mikhaylova","doi":"10.5593/sgem2022/3.1/s15.47","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5593/sgem2022/3.1/s15.47","url":null,"abstract":"From time immemorial, the oceans, seas and their coasts have been the cradle of human civilization and still play a vital role in the lives of millions of people, indirectly affecting all of humanity. The phenomenon of coastalization suggests that our reliance on and dependence from marine and maritime sectors will grow, and their sustainable development is a topical challenge. The Blue growth strategy addresses this issue on a Pan-European level, fostering research and innovation with regards to marine environments. Building on the conceptual grounds of knowledge and innovation studies, we hypothesize that countries and regions within a common sea basin will achieve the highest efficiency in research collaboration and knowledge exchange. By using bibliometric data from the Scopus abstract and citation database, we track scholarly output, co-authorship, and citations in the framework of the Blue growth strategy affiliated to the institutions of the Baltic Sea basin. The visualization of the research landscape is done in VOSviewer software at the level of bibliographic coupling, cocitation, and co-authorship relations. Our study evaluates maritime research networks and knowledge flows between the coastal cities of the Baltic Sea basin countries. Findings suggest that sea-related challenges act as an integrating factor in research, driving cooperative initiatives in achieving sustainable development at the macro-region with that solving national objectives.","PeriodicalId":331146,"journal":{"name":"SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference� EXPO Proceedings","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129877253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-15DOI: 10.5593/sgem2022/1.1/s03.028
Ľ. Ambriško
The properties of the basic materials of conveyor belts and adhesion between these materials affect the proper functionality and service life of conveyor belts. Their reliability depends on the adhesive force between their structural components. The purpose of this paper was to investigate into the quality of adhesion of the rubber cover layers to the carcass, and of the adhesion between the adjacent textile plies in a rubbertextile conveyor belt. The experiments were aimed at measuring the adhesive force using the tensile testing machine with a constant rate of traverse. The investigation was carried out with 4 conveyor belts with carcasses made of the same material. The experiments were carried out in compliance with the recommendations of the ISO 252:2007 standard and the results were verified according to the ISO 14890:2013 standard. The strength of adhesion between textile plies of the carcass and rubber is very important in the both production and applications of rubber-textile conveyor belts.
{"title":"DETERMINATION OF THE STRENGTH OF ADHESION BETWEEN THE STRUCTURAL COMPONENTS OF CONVEYOR BELTS","authors":"Ľ. Ambriško","doi":"10.5593/sgem2022/1.1/s03.028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5593/sgem2022/1.1/s03.028","url":null,"abstract":"The properties of the basic materials of conveyor belts and adhesion between these materials affect the proper functionality and service life of conveyor belts. Their reliability depends on the adhesive force between their structural components. The purpose of this paper was to investigate into the quality of adhesion of the rubber cover layers to the carcass, and of the adhesion between the adjacent textile plies in a rubbertextile conveyor belt. The experiments were aimed at measuring the adhesive force using the tensile testing machine with a constant rate of traverse. The investigation was carried out with 4 conveyor belts with carcasses made of the same material. The experiments were carried out in compliance with the recommendations of the ISO 252:2007 standard and the results were verified according to the ISO 14890:2013 standard. The strength of adhesion between textile plies of the carcass and rubber is very important in the both production and applications of rubber-textile conveyor belts.","PeriodicalId":331146,"journal":{"name":"SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference� EXPO Proceedings","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128211435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-15DOI: 10.5593/sgem2022/1.1/s03.046
Alicja Kot-Niewiadomska, K. Galos, Katarzyna Guzik
The economic results of many dynamically developing European countries largely depend on the availability of mineral raw materials. For this reason, securing their supplies from import must be supported by a committed foreign policy as well as a sustainable raw materials policy in the field of their obtaining from domestic sources, both from mineral deposits, as well as secondary and waste sources. Raw material security must be based on the diversification of supply sources and minimizing supply risks. The results of analyses show that the European Union relies heavily on imported raw materials, especially in industries recognized as strategic (renewable Energy - wind & PV; grids, Li-ion batteries (LIB), electric vehicles (EVs), Robotics and defense). Moreover, most of the import sources are countries with high or very high risk of supply. Recently, these risks are higher due to unstable political situation in Eastern Europe. Taking into account above, the European Union should consider the possibility of further development of its own mining industry, based on its own resources. The raw material potential of European countries is significant, but recently problems related to the possibility of launching new mining projects have been increasing. Social, environmental and spatial conditions play a decisive role. In this context, particular attention should be paid to the properly implemented policy of mineral deposits safeguarding which provides access to primary sources of raw materials (deposits), thus reducing dependence from unstable import sources.
{"title":"SAFEGUARDING OF MINERAL DEPOSITS AS THE BASIS OF EUROPEAN UNION RAW MATERIALS SECURITY IN THE ERA OF UNSTABLE GEOPOLITICAL CONDITIONS","authors":"Alicja Kot-Niewiadomska, K. Galos, Katarzyna Guzik","doi":"10.5593/sgem2022/1.1/s03.046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5593/sgem2022/1.1/s03.046","url":null,"abstract":"The economic results of many dynamically developing European countries largely depend on the availability of mineral raw materials. For this reason, securing their supplies from import must be supported by a committed foreign policy as well as a sustainable raw materials policy in the field of their obtaining from domestic sources, both from mineral deposits, as well as secondary and waste sources. Raw material security must be based on the diversification of supply sources and minimizing supply risks. \u0000The results of analyses show that the European Union relies heavily on imported raw materials, especially in industries recognized as strategic (renewable Energy - wind & PV; grids, Li-ion batteries (LIB), electric vehicles (EVs), Robotics and defense). Moreover, most of the import sources are countries with high or very high risk of supply. Recently, these risks are higher due to unstable political situation in Eastern Europe. Taking into account above, the European Union should consider the possibility of further development of its own mining industry, based on its own resources. The raw material potential of European countries is significant, but recently problems related to the possibility of launching new mining projects have been increasing. Social, environmental and spatial conditions play a decisive role. In this context, particular attention should be paid to the properly implemented policy of mineral deposits safeguarding which provides access to primary sources of raw materials (deposits), thus reducing dependence from unstable import sources.","PeriodicalId":331146,"journal":{"name":"SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference� EXPO Proceedings","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128300326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-15DOI: 10.5593/sgem2022/4.1/s19.35
Dimitar Nikolov, C. Dimitrov
Snow cover is an indicator of the fluctuating climate, resulting from the change in the regime of winter precipitations and air temperatures. Our previous study has revealed significant decreasing of the snow cover in the high altitudes of Vitosha mountain. The current sturdy is now focused on these two meteorological variable � the type and amount of the winter precipitations and the seasonal change of the air temperature. Monthly and seasonal values of precipitation amounts, number of days with different type of precipitation and mean air temperature from 6 meteorological stations in Vitosha and Stara planina have been used in this survey. The main period of investigation is 1960-2021 and the stations altitudes range from 1000 up to 2376 m. Statistical analysis is performed in order to assess the variability and possible differences in the investigated characteristics from long-term data series for two main climatological periods 1961-90 and 1991-2020. Statistically significant decreasing tendencies in the precipitation amounts have been discovered for all stations. Increasing trend of the mean seasonal air temperature is also observed, however manifestly only for the highest regions where remarkable rising tendency could be determined in the beginning of the 1990-es. Number of days with snowfalls also shows declining behavior in agreement with the general precipitation amount tendency. Recently increasing days with rain could be find out only in the high altitude regions of Stara planina. This investigation is part of a common project for investigation of the current variability of the snow cover and winter precipitations in the mountain regions of Austria and Bulgaria and is funded by the Bulgarian National Science Fund and the Austria's Agency for Education and Internationalisation in the call of the bilateral program Scientific and Technological Cooperation between both countries.
{"title":"ANALYSIS OF THE VARIABILITY OF THE WINTER PRECIPITATIONS AND TEMPERATURES IN TWO MOUNTAIN REGIONS OF BULGARIA","authors":"Dimitar Nikolov, C. Dimitrov","doi":"10.5593/sgem2022/4.1/s19.35","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5593/sgem2022/4.1/s19.35","url":null,"abstract":"Snow cover is an indicator of the fluctuating climate, resulting from the change in the regime of winter precipitations and air temperatures. Our previous study has revealed significant decreasing of the snow cover in the high altitudes of Vitosha mountain. The current sturdy is now focused on these two meteorological variable � the type and amount of the winter precipitations and the seasonal change of the air temperature. Monthly and seasonal values of precipitation amounts, number of days with different type of precipitation and mean air temperature from 6 meteorological stations in Vitosha and Stara planina have been used in this survey. The main period of investigation is 1960-2021 and the stations altitudes range from 1000 up to 2376 m. \u0000Statistical analysis is performed in order to assess the variability and possible differences in the investigated characteristics from long-term data series for two main climatological periods 1961-90 and 1991-2020. Statistically significant decreasing tendencies in the precipitation amounts have been discovered for all stations. Increasing trend of the mean seasonal air temperature is also observed, however manifestly only for the highest regions where remarkable rising tendency could be determined in the beginning of the 1990-es. Number of days with snowfalls also shows declining behavior in agreement with the general precipitation amount tendency. Recently increasing days with rain could be find out only in the high altitude regions of Stara planina. \u0000This investigation is part of a common project for investigation of the current variability of the snow cover and winter precipitations in the mountain regions of Austria and Bulgaria and is funded by the Bulgarian National Science Fund and the Austria's Agency for Education and Internationalisation in the call of the bilateral program Scientific and Technological Cooperation between both countries.","PeriodicalId":331146,"journal":{"name":"SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference� EXPO Proceedings","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128267724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-15DOI: 10.5593/sgem2022/1.1/s03.042
A. Gireadă, Daniel Pupazan, Cosmin Ilie, Alin Irimia, L. Toth
Managing emergencies is a complex task, which involves precise coordination of many activities and people, as well as fast decision-making in environments in which critical, vital information can often be lacking. From a technical and technological point of view, in spite of all advances encountered in most industrial branches, accidents with human casualties and material damage can still occur. For this reason, the presence of special intervention and rescue teams within certain industrial/ economic units is essential, because they can ensure a quick and efficient response to limit or eliminate damage that generates aggressive toxic or chemical environments and rescue people affected by such events. Research to date has shown that in the event of an explosion or fire, its management by the economic/industrial operator, in the first phase, is difficult because there is no available structure, capable of ensuring an effective and fast response to such situations. In this context, the paper aims to highlight the serious consequences that may occur in the event that response time is delayed and to establish activities such as theoretical and practical training, equipment, intervention procedures, which must be completed by economic agents in order to increase the degree of resilience to damage in dangerous environments.
{"title":"RESEARCH ON INCREASING INTERVENTION AND RESCUE CAPACITY OF BUSINESSES IN CASE OF EMERGENCIES","authors":"A. Gireadă, Daniel Pupazan, Cosmin Ilie, Alin Irimia, L. Toth","doi":"10.5593/sgem2022/1.1/s03.042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5593/sgem2022/1.1/s03.042","url":null,"abstract":"Managing emergencies is a complex task, which involves precise coordination of many activities and people, as well as fast decision-making in environments in which critical, vital information can often be lacking. \u0000From a technical and technological point of view, in spite of all advances encountered in most industrial branches, accidents with human casualties and material damage can still occur. For this reason, the presence of special intervention and rescue teams within certain industrial/ economic units is essential, because they can ensure a quick and efficient response to limit or eliminate damage that generates aggressive toxic or chemical environments and rescue people affected by such events. \u0000Research to date has shown that in the event of an explosion or fire, its management by the economic/industrial operator, in the first phase, is difficult because there is no available structure, capable of ensuring an effective and fast response to such situations. \u0000In this context, the paper aims to highlight the serious consequences that may occur in the event that response time is delayed and to establish activities such as theoretical and practical training, equipment, intervention procedures, which must be completed by economic agents in order to increase the degree of resilience to damage in dangerous environments.","PeriodicalId":331146,"journal":{"name":"SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference� EXPO Proceedings","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128683764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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