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The Temporal Dynamic of Young Fish Communities in the Water Bodies of the �Dnipro-Orylskiy� Nature Reserve 河口水体中幼鱼群落的时间动态�Dnipro Orylskiy� 自然保护区
Pub Date : 2020-06-09 DOI: 10.32819/020017
D. Bondarev, M. Fedyushko, N. Gubanova, O. Zhukov
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引用次数: 1
Agrotechnological Efficiency of Growing of Clary Sage Inflorescences in the Conditions of the Southern Steppe of Ukraine 乌克兰南部草原条件下鼠尾草花序种植的农业技术效率
Pub Date : 2020-06-09 DOI: 10.32819/020021
V. Ushkarenko, V. Chaban, S. Lavrenko
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引用次数: 1
Potential for the Utilization of Biofuel Plant of the Second Generation of Miscanthus Giganteus for Phytoremediation of Oil-Contaminated Lands 二代芒草生物燃料植物在石油污染土地植物修复中的应用潜力
Pub Date : 2020-06-09 DOI: 10.32819/020015
P. Pysarenko, V. Bezsonova
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引用次数: 2
Influence of Growing Conditions and Seed of Different Qualities on Yielding Capacity and Protein Content in Winter Wheat Grain 生长条件和不同品质种子对冬小麦产量和蛋白质含量的影响
Pub Date : 2020-06-09 DOI: 10.32819/020019
O. Onopriienko, M. Kulyk, A. Taranenko, S. Taranenko
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引用次数: 1
Estimation of the Level of Recreational Transformation of Public Green Spaces by Indicators of Soil Penetration Resistance 用土壤渗透阻力指标估算公共绿地休闲改造水平
Pub Date : 2020-06-09 DOI: 10.32819/020020
P. Teluk, N. Yorkina, A. Umerova, V. Budakova, N. Nydion, O. Zhukov
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引用次数: 2
Morphometric Indices of Plants as a Basis for Determination of Biomass Yield of Switch Grass 植物形态计量指标作为测定开关草生物量产量的依据
Pub Date : 2020-06-09 DOI: 10.32819/020018
M. Gumentyk, V. Kvak, G. Goncharuk
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引用次数: 1
Features of autumn development of winter wheat depending on the main tillage in the Luhansk region 卢甘斯克地区主要耕作方式对冬小麦秋季发育的影响
Pub Date : 2020-04-01 DOI: 10.32819/020010
S. V. Masliev, A. Beseda, I. Yarchuk, D. V. Tsyganok, S. S. Romashenko
. Today, in the scientific and practical field, as well as a long time later, much atten - tion is paid to improving the quality and quantity of yield. To obtain the desired results, we con-sidered various systems of basic soil tillage in the growing of winter wheat, namely, determined the influence of basic soil tillage systems on the autumn development of winter wheat in the Luhansk region. The results of research of the influence of the basic soil tillage and the forecrop on the density and content of productive moisture in the soil layer of ordinary chernozems and on the autumn phases of development of winter wheat variety “Antara” are discussed. The research was performed in 2018‒2020 in the fields of the department of scientific and technical training in agronomy and farms located in the north-central moderately arid subzone of Luhansk region. Three methods of soil tillage have been studied by us: moldboard ploughing ‒ depth 22 cm; moldboard- less disking ploughing ‒ depth 10 cm; moldboard-free subsurface cultivation ‒ depth 12 cm. Forecrops: occupied fallow, sunflower, maize. The research was performed according to generally accepted methods. By means of research was established the advantage of moldboard ploughing over moldboardless ploughing. Moldboard soil ploughing contributed to the creation of lower density in the arable horizon under different forecrops, greater microbiological activity of the soil, better water supply during the autumn vegetative season. Moldboard ploughing increased access to nutrients such as potassium and nitrogen, and moldboardless ploughing accumulated available phosphorus. Improving the agrophysical properties of the soil contributed to the forma-tion of better biometric indices in the autumn vegetative season. The height of the plants where the soil was plowed to the depth 22 cm was higher compared to the height of the plants with moldboard- less disking ploughing to the depth 10 cm. This affected the number of stems, which also increased, the number of leaves and roots increased, respectively. The depth of the tillering node increased relative to the increase in the depth of soil tillage, the weight of 100 absolutely dry plants increased, respectively, almost three to four times. Thus, the basic soil tillage improves the agrophysical properties, increases the microbiological activity of the soil and improves the biometric indices of plants.
. 无论是在今天的科学和实践领域,还是在很长一段时间以后,提高产量的质量和数量都受到了人们的重视。为了获得预期的结果,我们考虑了冬小麦生长中的各种基本土壤耕作制度,即确定了基本土壤耕作制度对卢甘斯克地区冬小麦秋季发育的影响。讨论了基本耕作和前作对普通黑钙土土层生产水分密度和含量以及冬小麦品种“安塔拉”秋季生育期影响的研究结果。该研究于2018-2020年在位于卢甘斯克地区中北部中度干旱分区的农学和农场科学技术培训部的领域进行。我们研究了三种土壤耕作方法:模板耕深22厘米;犁板-无盘式耕作-深度10厘米;地下免耕-深达12厘米。农作物:被占用的休耕、向日葵、玉米。研究是按照公认的方法进行的。通过研究,确立了有板耕作相对于无板耕作的优越性。垄作有助于在不同作物条件下形成较低密度的耕地层,土壤微生物活性较高,秋季营养期水分供应较好。模板耕作增加了对钾和氮等养分的获取,而无模板耕作积累了有效磷。改善土壤的农业物理性质有助于形成较好的秋季营养期生物特征指标。耕至22厘米深度的植株的高度比不耕至10厘米深度的植株的高度高。这影响了茎的数量,茎的数量也增加了,叶和根的数量分别增加了。分蘖节深相对于土壤耕作深度的增加而增加,100株绝对干株的重量分别增加了近3 ~ 4倍。因此,土壤基本耕作改善了土壤的农业物理特性,提高了土壤的微生物活性,改善了植物的生物特征指标。
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引用次数: 1
Ecological and floristic characteristics of Cyanophyceae of Pryazovskyi National Nature Park 普里亚佐夫斯基国家自然公园蓝藻科生态与区系特征
Pub Date : 2020-04-01 DOI: 10.32819/020009
L. Arabadzhy-Tipenko
. The north-western coast of the Sea of Azov is a set of natural systems that are characterized by a high level of biological diversity, economic value and have a high recreational potential. The harmonization of nature protection goals, optimization of economic efficiency and maintenance of recreational value are extremely complex scientific and scientific-practical tasks. The development of a strategy for the rational use of nature should be based on the study of natural complexes that are within the protected areas as reference areas. In addition to the role of markers of the level of biological diversity, the objects of the nature reserve fund act as factors of functional stability of natural complexes in general. Therefore, the study of ecological features of Cyanoprokaryota Priazovsky National Nature Park is an important scientific problem. There were 9 experimental landfills on the territory of Priazovsky Park, which covered steppe areas or slopes, salt marshes, coastal sandy soils (bars) and reservoirs (rivers, lakes, estuaries, sea bays, lagoons). As a result of research, 124 species of cyanoprokaryotes were identified, which include 127 intraspecific taxa. According to the systematic structure, the found species of cyanoproka- ryotes belong to the class Cyanophyceae Sachs, within which 3 subclasses, 6 orders, 18 families and sharply in freshwater. According to Pielow, the diversity grows within this range and reaches the highest level in freshwater. Prospects for further research include assessing the systematic nature of the taxonomic structure of flora depending on the type of ecosystems, the study of ecototype groups of Cyanophyceae in the context of their preferences for habitat types and salinity conditions. the flora of Cyanophyceae is represented by a much smaller number of genera compared to other types of biogeocenoses. According to the Shannon index, diversity increases in the series steppe → salt marsh → psammophytic stations → salt water and decreases sharply in freshwater. According to Pielow, the diversity grows within this range and reaches the highest level in freshwater. Prospects for further research include assessing the systematic nature of the taxonomic structure of flora depending on the type of eco systems, the study of ecototype groups of Cyanophyceae in the context of their preferences for habitat types and salinity conditions. According to Pielow, the diversity grows within this range and reaches the highest level in freshwater. Prospects for further research include assessing the systematic nature of the taxonomic structure of flora depending on the type of ecosystems, the study of ecototype groups of Cyanophyceae in the context of their preferences for habitat types and salinity conditions.
.亚速海西北海岸是一组具有高度生物多样性、经济价值和娱乐潜力的自然系统。协调自然保护目标、优化经济效率和保持娱乐价值是极其复杂的科学和科学实践任务。制定合理利用自然的战略应以研究作为参考区的保护区内的自然综合体为基础。除了生物多样性水平的标志物的作用外,自然保护基金的对象总体上也是自然综合体功能稳定性的因素。因此,研究普里亚佐夫斯基蓝原核生物国家自然公园的生态特征是一个重要的科学问题。普里亚佐夫斯基公园有9个实验性垃圾填埋场,覆盖草原地区或斜坡、盐沼、沿海沙质土壤(坝)和水库(河流、湖泊、河口、海湾、泻湖)。研究结果表明,共鉴定出124种蓝原核生物,其中包括127个种内分类群。根据系统结构,已发现的蓝核藻属蓝藻门(Cyanophyceae Sachs),其中有3个亚纲,6目,18科,在淡水中分布较广。根据Pielow的说法,这种多样性在这个范围内增长,并在淡水中达到最高水平。进一步研究的前景包括根据生态系统的类型评估植物区系分类结构的系统性,根据其对栖息地类型和盐度条件的偏好研究蓝藻科的生态类型群。与其他类型的生物地理学相比,蓝藻科植物区系的属数要少得多。根据香农指数,该系列草原的多样性增加→ 盐沼→ 沙生植物站→ 盐水,在淡水中急剧减少。根据Pielow的说法,这种多样性在这个范围内增长,并在淡水中达到最高水平。进一步研究的前景包括根据生态系统的类型评估植物区系分类结构的系统性,根据其对栖息地类型和盐度条件的偏好研究蓝藻科的生态类型群。根据Pielow的说法,这种多样性在这个范围内增长,并在淡水中达到最高水平。进一步研究的前景包括根据生态系统的类型评估植物区系分类结构的系统性,根据其对栖息地类型和盐度条件的偏好研究蓝藻科的生态类型群。
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引用次数: 1
Efficiency of influence of foliar treatment by plant growth regulators on the parameters of miscanthus biomass 植物生长调节剂叶面处理对芒草生物量参数影响的效果
Pub Date : 2020-02-12 DOI: 10.32819/020003
Квантум Голд
Cite this article: Katelevsky, V. M. (2020). Efficiency of influence of foliar treatment by plant growth regulators on the parameters of miscanthus biomass. Agrology, 3(1), 19‒24. doi: 10.32819/020003 Abstract. Growing of highly productive perennial plants becomes the guarantee of opportunity of stable provision with raw materials for the production of solid biofuels in modern conditions. The purpose of the research was to increase yielding capacity of Miscanthus biomass at the expense of the nutritional background and foliar top dressing. Four-year observations of the condition of Miscanthus plantations were performed at Station in the Forest-steppe zone of Ukraine during 2016‒2019. Over the years of observations, a noticeable effect of background nutrition in combination with foliar feeding, plant growth regulators and growth stimulants and their one-time and double treatments has been revealed. The highest result was obtained in 2016 with an excessive amount of moisture during the growing season ‒ 392 mm. In the first variant of factor A with the one-time treatment by means of preparation Quantum Gold the leaf surface was 46.7 thousand m2/ha; on the nutritional background N30P30K30 with one-time treatment by means of preparation Vympel-K ‒ 45.6 thousand m2/ha; with increase of the dose of mineral fertilizers on the nutritional background twice (N60P60K60) at one-time treatment with the preparation Vympel-K the leaf surface was 45 thousand m2/ha. The lowest results were obtained in 2017, when 183 mm of precipitation was registered during the entire growing season. In the first variant of the same factor A at one-time treatment with the preparation Quantum Gold the leaf surface was 3.8 thousand m2/ha, in the second variant, when treated with the preparation Vympel-K, its leaf surface was 7.4 thousand m2/ha, in the third variant (control) ‒ 11.4 thousand m2/ha. In the control variants of factor B, the leaf surface area with the application of mineral fertilizers (second and third variants of factor A) increased. In consideration of the data obtained, it can be argued that the application of mineral fertilizers had the positive effect on plant growth and development, even with a critically minimal amount of precipitations. The application of the preparation Quantum Gold significantly affects the growth and development of the aboveground part of the Miscanthus gigantic. The application of the preparation Vympel-K stimulates the development of the root system and increases the yielding capacity of the investigated crop.
引用本文:Katelevsky,V.M.(2020)。植物生长调节剂叶面处理对芒草生物量参数影响的效率。农学,3(1),19-24。doi:10.32819/002003摘要。种植高产多年生植物是在现代条件下稳定提供生产固体生物燃料原材料的机会的保证。本研究的目的是以牺牲营养背景和叶面追肥为代价,提高芒草生物量的产量。2016年至2019年,在乌克兰森林草原区的Station对芒属植物种植园的状况进行了为期四年的观测。经过多年的观察,背景营养与叶面喂养、植物生长调节剂和生长刺激剂及其一次性和双重处理相结合,已经显示出显著的效果。最高的结果是在2016年,生长季节水分过多——392毫米。在因子A的第一个变体中,通过制备Quantum Gold进行一次性处理,叶片表面为467000平方米/公顷;在营养背景N30P30K30上,通过制剂Vympel-K-456000 m2/ha一次性处理;随着营养背景下两次(N60P60K60)矿物肥料用量的增加,用制剂Vympel-K一次性处理的叶面面积为4.5万m2/ha。2017年的结果最低,当时整个生长季节的降雨量为183毫米。在同一因子A的第一个变体中,用Quantum Gold制剂一次性处理时,叶片表面为380 000 m2/ha,在第二个变体中用制剂Vympel-K处理时,其叶片表面为740 000 m2/ha;在第三个变体(对照)中为114000 m2/ha。在因子B的对照变体中,随着施用矿物肥料(因子A的第二和第三变体),叶表面积增加。考虑到所获得的数据,可以说矿物肥料的施用对植物的生长和发育产生了积极影响,即使降水量非常少。量子金制剂的应用对芒属植物地上部分的生长发育有显著影响。制剂Vympel-K的施用刺激了根系的发育,并提高了所研究作物的产量。
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引用次数: 3
Biological method as a constituent of integrated plant protection in modern conditions 生物方法作为现代条件下植物综合保护的组成部分
Pub Date : 2020-02-12 DOI: 10.32819/020007
I. Mostoviak
. The current state of application of the biological method in integrated plant protection in the world, and in the Ukraine in particular, is analyzed and generalized. The biological method is recognized as a strategic ecological and biological method of control of hazardous organisms in modern agricultural production of many countries of the world, the European Union and аlso it is consolidated at legislative level. The biological method of plant protection is used on an area of more than 30 million hectares in the world. It is conditioned by its environmental safety for agricultural producers and consumers of agricultural products and for natural environment. Due to natural origin and high specificity for a particular type of pests, biological methods of plant protection have a high degree of environmental safety, ensure the conservation and expansion of biodiversity to support ecosystem services in agro-ecosystems, as well as positively impact on soil biota, promote the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions, in comparison with the traditional technologies, in which one chemical pes-ticides are used. According to the forecasts of international experts, by 2020 the market for biopesticides will reach the level 6 billion US dollars. The situation in the Ukraine today is completely different: the dominance of the chemical method of plant protection with a small part (4-5%) of the application of the biological method and biological preparations, the lack of state control and strategy for the introduction of biological preparations. And this requires radical changes in the current legislation of the country. The available data on the application of the biological method of plant protection are summarized. The world production of biopesticides used in the integrated plant protection for control of harmful organisms, which insure environmental safety in agrocenoses, quality and safety of agricultural products, is analyzed. The positive aspects of the application of the biological method of plant protection in the system of integrated plant protection as еру basis for support of balanced development and ecological safety of agrocenoses are determined.
。对国际上特别是乌克兰生物方法在植物综合保护中的应用现状进行了分析和综述。生物方法是世界上许多国家公认的控制现代农业生产中有害生物的战略生态和生物方法,欧洲联盟和欧盟也在立法层面加以巩固。世界上有3000多万公顷的土地采用生物方法进行植物保护。它以农业生产者、农产品消费者和自然环境的环境安全为条件。与使用一种化学杀虫剂的传统技术相比,生物植物保护方法具有高度的环境安全性,确保保护和扩大生物多样性,以支持农业生态系统中的生态系统服务,并对土壤生物群产生积极影响,促进减少温室气体排放。据国际专家预测,到2020年,生物农药的市场规模将达到60亿美元。乌克兰今天的情况完全不同:植物保护的化学方法占主导地位,生物方法和生物制剂的应用占一小部分(4-5%),缺乏国家对生物制剂的引进控制和战略。这需要对该国现行立法进行彻底改革。对生物方法在植物保护中的应用进行了综述。分析了用于防治有害生物的综合植物保护用生物农药的世界生产情况,保证了农田环境安全和农产品质量安全。确定了生物保护方法在综合植物保护体系中应用的积极方面,作为支持农业平衡发展和生态安全的基础。
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引用次数: 0
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Agrology
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