Plants are new sources of antioxidative and antimicrobial agents, hence the need to determine and evaluate the antibacterial, antifungal properties and antioxidant activity of medicinal plants. The aim of this study was to investigate antioxidant and antimicrobial potentials of methanol extract of Icacina trichantha. Oliv. (Icacinaceae) seed. In this research work, antioxidant study was done by using various in vitro methods such as: 1-Dipheny-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2-azinobis (3-ethylbenzthiazoline)-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), nitric oxide (NO) scavenging, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) scavenging, ferric reducing antioxidant power, superoxide radical scavenging and hydroxyl radical scavenging assays. Antimicrobial properties were determined using agar cup diffusion method on MRSA, P. aeruginosa, S. typhi, C. krusei, S. dysenteriae, S. pyrogenes, E. coli, K. pneumoniae, C. albicans, and C. tropicalis. The extract of the studied plant exhibited pronounced antioxidant activities in the various antioxidant activity assay tested. Also, the extract had remarkable susceptibility effect on the tested microorganism with the exception of P. aeruginosa, S. typhi and C. tropicalis that were resistant. The findings indicate that the extract was found to be effective free radical quencher, a potent source of natural antioxidants and antimicrobial agents, thus justifying its traditional use in green therapeutics.
{"title":"Studies on In-vitro Bioactivity of Icacina trichantha Methanol Seed Extract","authors":"Ojatula Orimisan, Tawose Olakunle, E. Morenikeji","doi":"10.57233/ijsgs.v9i1.403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57233/ijsgs.v9i1.403","url":null,"abstract":"Plants are new sources of antioxidative and antimicrobial agents, hence the need to determine and evaluate the antibacterial, antifungal properties and antioxidant activity of medicinal plants. The aim of this study was to investigate antioxidant and antimicrobial potentials of methanol extract of Icacina trichantha. Oliv. (Icacinaceae) seed. In this research work, antioxidant study was done by using various in vitro methods such as: 1-Dipheny-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2-azinobis (3-ethylbenzthiazoline)-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), nitric oxide (NO) scavenging, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) scavenging, ferric reducing antioxidant power, superoxide radical scavenging and hydroxyl radical scavenging assays. Antimicrobial properties were determined using agar cup diffusion method on MRSA, P. aeruginosa, S. typhi, C. krusei, S. dysenteriae, S. pyrogenes, E. coli, K. pneumoniae, C. albicans, and C. tropicalis. The extract of the studied plant exhibited pronounced antioxidant activities in the various antioxidant activity assay tested. Also, the extract had remarkable susceptibility effect on the tested microorganism with the exception of P. aeruginosa, S. typhi and C. tropicalis that were resistant. The findings indicate that the extract was found to be effective free radical quencher, a potent source of natural antioxidants and antimicrobial agents, thus justifying its traditional use in green therapeutics.","PeriodicalId":332500,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Science for Global Sustainability","volume":"155 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124255350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Security of Rivest, Shamir and Adleman Cryptosystem known as RSA and its variants rely on the difficulty of integer factorization problem. This paper presents a short decryption exponent attack on RSA variant based on the key equation where prime difference was carefully analyzed and came up with an approximation of as which enabled us to obtain an improved bound that led to the polynomial time factorization of the variant .
{"title":"Cryptanalysis Attacks on Multi Prime Power Modulus Through Analyzing Prime Difference","authors":"","doi":"10.57233/ijsgs.v9i1.405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57233/ijsgs.v9i1.405","url":null,"abstract":"The Security of Rivest, Shamir and Adleman Cryptosystem known as RSA and its variants rely on the difficulty of integer factorization problem. This paper presents a short decryption exponent attack on RSA variant based on the key equation where prime difference was carefully analyzed and came up with an approximation of as which enabled us to obtain an improved bound that led to the polynomial time factorization of the variant .","PeriodicalId":332500,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Science for Global Sustainability","volume":"268 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114565681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Potassium bromate is widely used by bakers to enhance bread elasticity, functionality, and quality. However, due to its toxicity, the use of potassium bromate in bread production in Nigeria was banned by the National Agency for Food and Drug Administration and Control (NAFDAC); the regulatory agency for food and pharmaceutical products in 2003. Despite the ban, a review aimed at assessing the compliance levels of potassium bromate used in the production of low and high-cost bread consumed across Nigeria revealed that most of the bread sold and consumed in Nigeria still contained potassium bromate in quantities above the permissible limit. This implies that many bread sold in Nigeria are unsafe for human consumption. Bread makers are advised to opt for other safe alternative dough conditioners. hence the need for formulating a safer and economically effective potassium bromate replacer (PBR). Seventy-two (72) Potassium bromate replacer (PBR) from a “safe” oxidant (ascorbic acid; 80-200ppm) and food acid (citric acid) were formulated and tested for their effectiveness in replacing potassium bromate in the bakery industries. Chemical composition (Fe, Zn and Cu) and organoleptic evaluation (volume, texture, color, taste and general acceptability) of the bread samples were used to compare the effectiveness of the different PBR. Result shows that volume, texture and general acceptability, to a greater extent, increase with increase in the concentration of the PBR, however, no clear trend was observed for color, taste and mineral composition of the bread.
{"title":"Ascorbic Acid: A Safe Alternative to Potassium Bromate in Bread Production","authors":"Z. Bello, N. Sani","doi":"10.57233/ijsgs.v9i1.395","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57233/ijsgs.v9i1.395","url":null,"abstract":"Potassium bromate is widely used by bakers to enhance bread elasticity, functionality, and quality. However, due to its toxicity, the use of potassium bromate in bread production in Nigeria was banned by the National Agency for Food and Drug Administration and Control (NAFDAC); the regulatory agency for food and pharmaceutical products in 2003. Despite the ban, a review aimed at assessing the compliance levels of potassium bromate used in the production of low and high-cost bread consumed across Nigeria revealed that most of the bread sold and consumed in Nigeria still contained potassium bromate in quantities above the permissible limit. This implies that many bread sold in Nigeria are unsafe for human consumption. Bread makers are advised to opt for other safe alternative dough conditioners. hence the need for formulating a safer and economically effective potassium bromate replacer (PBR). Seventy-two (72) Potassium bromate replacer (PBR) from a “safe” oxidant (ascorbic acid; 80-200ppm) and food acid (citric acid) were formulated and tested for their effectiveness in replacing potassium bromate in the bakery industries. Chemical composition (Fe, Zn and Cu) and organoleptic evaluation (volume, texture, color, taste and general acceptability) of the bread samples were used to compare the effectiveness of the different PBR. Result shows that volume, texture and general acceptability, to a greater extent, increase with increase in the concentration of the PBR, however, no clear trend was observed for color, taste and mineral composition of the bread.","PeriodicalId":332500,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Science for Global Sustainability","volume":"7 7","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133042012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study investigates seasonal variations in the Physico-Chemical Parameters of Bakolori Dam, Zamfara State, Nigeria. Data for period from July 2015 to February 2016 for selected physico-chemical parameters were collected. Four sampling stations were selected, and standard procedures were adopted for determination of physico-chemical parameters. The parameters analyzed were, atmospheric temperature values which ranged from 26.36 to 28.810C, water temperature 24.26 to 24.910C, total dissolved solids 34.63 to 41.38ppm, electrical conductivity 67.63 to 82.60µs/cm, water transparency 2.05 to 2.81cm, dissolved oxygen was between 4.45 to 4.91mg/l, pH varied from 8.29 to 8.56, total alkalinity 0.63 to 0.70mg/l, chloride ranged from 0.81 to 0.98mg/l, nitrogen 0.66 to 0.68mg/l, ammonium 0.45 to 0.48mg/l, nitrate 0.66 to 0.76mg/l and phosphorus was between 0.14 to 0.21mg/l, and there was no significant difference (p>0.05) between the means of these parameters with respect to stations. Apart from the water transparency, seasonal variations observed between the parameters studied in Bakolori Dam in wet and dry seasons were found to be within the optimum ranges required for fish culture and domestic use hence the Dam was mildly polluted.
{"title":"Assessment of Seasonal Variations In The Physico-Chemical Parameters Of Bakolori Dam, Zamfara State, Nigeria","authors":"Muhammed Mukaribu, A. Mu’azu","doi":"10.57233/ijsgs.v9i1.409","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57233/ijsgs.v9i1.409","url":null,"abstract":"The study investigates seasonal variations in the Physico-Chemical Parameters of Bakolori Dam, Zamfara State, Nigeria. Data for period from July 2015 to February 2016 for selected physico-chemical parameters were collected. Four sampling stations were selected, and standard procedures were adopted for determination of physico-chemical parameters. The parameters analyzed were, atmospheric temperature values which ranged from 26.36 to 28.810C, water temperature 24.26 to 24.910C, total dissolved solids 34.63 to 41.38ppm, electrical conductivity 67.63 to 82.60µs/cm, water transparency 2.05 to 2.81cm, dissolved oxygen was between 4.45 to 4.91mg/l, pH varied from 8.29 to 8.56, total alkalinity 0.63 to 0.70mg/l, chloride ranged from 0.81 to 0.98mg/l, nitrogen 0.66 to 0.68mg/l, ammonium 0.45 to 0.48mg/l, nitrate 0.66 to 0.76mg/l and phosphorus was between 0.14 to 0.21mg/l, and there was no significant difference (p>0.05) between the means of these parameters with respect to stations. Apart from the water transparency, seasonal variations observed between the parameters studied in Bakolori Dam in wet and dry seasons were found to be within the optimum ranges required for fish culture and domestic use hence the Dam was mildly polluted.","PeriodicalId":332500,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Science for Global Sustainability","volume":"75 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116593696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this study, we looked at some novel statistics on the -non deranged permutation group, a symmetric group subgroup. We analyzed and redefined some of the statistic namely Lmap, Lmal, Rmip, Rmil and Rmal on -non deranged permutations. We found that in all -non deranged permutations, Lmap is equivalent to Lmal. In addition, we observed that Rmal of is empty for any and other combinatorial features.
{"title":"A Study of Some New Statistics on the - non-Deranged Permutations","authors":"M. Ibrahim, A. Musa","doi":"10.57233/ijsgs.v9i1.406","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57233/ijsgs.v9i1.406","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, we looked at some novel statistics on the -non deranged permutation group, a symmetric group subgroup. We analyzed and redefined some of the statistic namely Lmap, Lmal, Rmip, Rmil and Rmal on -non deranged permutations. We found that in all -non deranged permutations, Lmap is equivalent to Lmal. In addition, we observed that Rmal of is empty for any and other combinatorial features.","PeriodicalId":332500,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Science for Global Sustainability","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131403999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Muhammad, A. Galadima, A. Muhammad, A. Lawal, K. Usman, O. Muraza
The aim of this work is to investigate the potential petroleum shales of Dukamaje formation in Sokoto basin for their petroleum potentials. A total of sixteen samples were obtained from different parts of the basin. The samples were subjected to sohxlet extraction to extract the bitumen. The bitumen was subjected to column chromatography and aliphatic and aromatic fractions were collected from each sample by using DCM and n-hexane as solvents. The fractions were subjected to GC/MS analyses with the application of SIM method (selected ion monitoring) which revealed the wide variety of hydrocarbons compounds including n-alkanes, hopanes, sterenes, phenanthrenes, methyl-phenanthrenes and triaromatic steroids. Interpretation biomarker parameters revealed that the rocks under studies are endowed with organic matter. Also biomarker correlation parameters were employed to compute the quantity of organic matter, type of organic matter, thermal maturity of the organic matter and to assess the depositional environment of the rocks samples. The biomarker parameters indicated that the source organic matter is mostly from marine environment, the depositional condition found to be anoxic reducing condition. The shales are reach in organic matter and the shales are found to be partially matured.
{"title":"n-AlKanes Base Exploration as Potential Petroleum Source Rocks in ILullemmeden Basin (Sokoto Basin) North west Nigeria","authors":"R. Muhammad, A. Galadima, A. Muhammad, A. Lawal, K. Usman, O. Muraza","doi":"10.57233/ijsgs.v9i1.400","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57233/ijsgs.v9i1.400","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this work is to investigate the potential petroleum shales of Dukamaje formation in Sokoto basin for their petroleum potentials. A total of sixteen samples were obtained from different parts of the basin. The samples were subjected to sohxlet extraction to extract the bitumen. The bitumen was subjected to column chromatography and aliphatic and aromatic fractions were collected from each sample by using DCM and n-hexane as solvents. The fractions were subjected to GC/MS analyses with the application of SIM method (selected ion monitoring) which revealed the wide variety of hydrocarbons compounds including n-alkanes, hopanes, sterenes, phenanthrenes, methyl-phenanthrenes and triaromatic steroids. Interpretation biomarker parameters revealed that the rocks under studies are endowed with organic matter. Also biomarker correlation parameters were employed to compute the quantity of organic matter, type of organic matter, thermal maturity of the organic matter and to assess the depositional environment of the rocks samples. The biomarker parameters indicated that the source organic matter is mostly from marine environment, the depositional condition found to be anoxic reducing condition. The shales are reach in organic matter and the shales are found to be partially matured.","PeriodicalId":332500,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Science for Global Sustainability","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131748655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A 112days feed trial on West Africa Dwarf (WAD)goats fed cassava peels (CPM) and poultry droppings (PDM) with varying inclusion levels of enzymes on their growth performance and blood indices.Five dietary treatments levels based on the different percentage body weights per treatment were fed with varying levels of Roxazyme G2® at 4.4g, 4.6g, 4.8g and 5.0g which serves as T2, T3, T4 and T5 respectively per kg of CPM + PDMThe moisture, dry matter, ash, crude fibre, ether extracts, crude protein and Nitrogen free extracts of the diets were 10.76-12.06%, 87.94-90.34%, 8.27-9.25%, 12.68-13.62%, 5.26-5.46%, 14.21-14.95 and 45.69-46.73% respectively.Data collected on the growth parameters and bloodindices of the goats were analysed, while the means were separated with Duncan Multiple Range Test. Results on the general performance of WAD fed poultry dropping with varying inclusion levels showed that T5 have superior mean values on the weight gain, daily weight gain and better FCR. On the blood indices of WAD goats fed enzyme showed increase values on the parameters evaluated at higher inclusion levels. It was concluded that higher inclusion levels of enzymes resulted to a better growth performance with increase immunity to fight infection as observed at higher concentrations on their blood profile.
{"title":"A Preliminary Survey on The Enzymatic Effects of Roxylene on West Africa Dwarf (Wad) Goat Fed Cassava Peels and Poultry Droppings","authors":"","doi":"10.57233/ijsgs.v9i1.396","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57233/ijsgs.v9i1.396","url":null,"abstract":"A 112days feed trial on West Africa Dwarf (WAD)goats fed cassava peels (CPM) and poultry droppings (PDM) with varying inclusion levels of enzymes on their growth performance and blood indices.Five dietary treatments levels based on the different percentage body weights per treatment were fed with varying levels of Roxazyme G2® at 4.4g, 4.6g, 4.8g and 5.0g which serves as T2, T3, T4 and T5 respectively per kg of CPM + PDMThe moisture, dry matter, ash, crude fibre, ether extracts, crude protein and Nitrogen free extracts of the diets were 10.76-12.06%, 87.94-90.34%, 8.27-9.25%, 12.68-13.62%, 5.26-5.46%, 14.21-14.95 and 45.69-46.73% respectively.Data collected on the growth parameters and bloodindices of the goats were analysed, while the means were separated with Duncan Multiple Range Test. Results on the general performance of WAD fed poultry dropping with varying inclusion levels showed that T5 have superior mean values on the weight gain, daily weight gain and better FCR. On the blood indices of WAD goats fed enzyme showed increase values on the parameters evaluated at higher inclusion levels. It was concluded that higher inclusion levels of enzymes resulted to a better growth performance with increase immunity to fight infection as observed at higher concentrations on their blood profile.","PeriodicalId":332500,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Science for Global Sustainability","volume":"99 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115535764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Permutation groups have played important roles in method of enumerating combinatorial objects in recent times. However, the study of the applicability AUNU permutation groups using group action is challenging. In this paper, a new method of constructing group action using the subsequences of (123)- avoiding of AUNU Permutation patterns is provided. The method used the generating function of AUNU groups in the construction to obtain some geometric structures of orbits resembling to lattice. The research further established some algebraic properties of group action as well as orbit and stabilizer in permutation groups which are relevant to the study of finite group structures. The paper also providedsome motivations for the study of group action in an abstract domain.
{"title":"Algebraic Theories of AUNU Permutation Using Group Action with Non- Prime Order","authors":"A. Dogondaji, A. Ibrahim","doi":"10.57233/ijsgs.v9i1.397","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57233/ijsgs.v9i1.397","url":null,"abstract":"Permutation groups have played important roles in method of enumerating combinatorial objects in recent times. However, the study of the applicability AUNU permutation groups using group action is challenging. In this paper, a new method of constructing group action using the subsequences of (123)- avoiding of AUNU Permutation patterns is provided. The method used the generating function of AUNU groups in the construction to obtain some geometric structures of orbits resembling to lattice. The research further established some algebraic properties of group action as well as orbit and stabilizer in permutation groups which are relevant to the study of finite group structures. The paper also providedsome motivations for the study of group action in an abstract domain.","PeriodicalId":332500,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Science for Global Sustainability","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132351803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In order to ensure energy security and environmental sustainability, transition to renewable energy sources is required. One of the most viable and sustainable renewable energy sources is solar. However, developing solar energy systems requires solar radiation data which is scarce for most locations including Northwest Nigeria. In order to address this challenge, solar radiation is usually estimated from the available meteorological parameters. Several previous studies have used various methods including geospatial techniques and machine learning to predict monthly and yearly solar radiation, while few studies have focused on the estimation of daily solar radiation. Meanwhile, providing daily solar radiation data is necessary for the development of solar energy systems. Deep learning has been shown to be effective in solar radiation forecasting. To evaluate the performance of the deep learning method for daily solar radiation prediction, a Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) based deep learning model was developed in this study. The forecasting model was created using daily solar radiation data collected over a 21-year period by the Nigerian Meteorological Agency in three major towns in North West Nigeria: Kano, Kaduna, and Katsina. The model was evaluated using two statistical indicators: coefficient of determination (R2) and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE). Results showed that R2 of 0.79 and 0.78 were obtained for the training and testing datasets respectively, while RMSE of 0.46 and 0.47 were obtained for the training and testing datasets respectively. Overall, the LSTM deep learning model has been proven to be effective in forecasting daily solar radiation.
{"title":"Daily Solar Radiation Forecasting for Northwest Nigeria Using Long Short-Term Memory","authors":"","doi":"10.57233/ijsgs.v9i1.407","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57233/ijsgs.v9i1.407","url":null,"abstract":"In order to ensure energy security and environmental sustainability, transition to renewable energy sources is required. One of the most viable and sustainable renewable energy sources is solar. However, developing solar energy systems requires solar radiation data which is scarce for most locations including Northwest Nigeria. In order to address this challenge, solar radiation is usually estimated from the available meteorological parameters. Several previous studies have used various methods including geospatial techniques and machine learning to predict monthly and yearly solar radiation, while few studies have focused on the estimation of daily solar radiation. Meanwhile, providing daily solar radiation data is necessary for the development of solar energy systems. Deep learning has been shown to be effective in solar radiation forecasting. To evaluate the performance of the deep learning method for daily solar radiation prediction, a Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) based deep learning model was developed in this study. The forecasting model was created using daily solar radiation data collected over a 21-year period by the Nigerian Meteorological Agency in three major towns in North West Nigeria: Kano, Kaduna, and Katsina. The model was evaluated using two statistical indicators: coefficient of determination (R2) and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE). Results showed that R2 of 0.79 and 0.78 were obtained for the training and testing datasets respectively, while RMSE of 0.46 and 0.47 were obtained for the training and testing datasets respectively. Overall, the LSTM deep learning model has been proven to be effective in forecasting daily solar radiation.","PeriodicalId":332500,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Science for Global Sustainability","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121292129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Garba, N. Fatima, A. Bashir, Umar Mukhtar Danmusa, A. Kassim
Vegetables containing micronutrients such as manganese and copper are widely consumed due to their essential role in the human body. Human activities due to environmental pollution significantly contribute to high levels of manganese and copper in the human body, which can lead to toxic effects. The research is aimed at determining the level of manganese and copper in selected vegetables (Lactuca sativa, Telfairia occidentalis, Vernonia amygdalina, Spinacia olaracea and Adansonia digitata) marketed in Kaduna metropolis. The selected vegetables were processed and digested using a tri-acid mixture (HNO3:HClO4:H2SO4 = 5:1:1) and the Cu and Mn content of the digests obtained was determined by Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (AAS). The results obtained indicated that Spinacia olaracea had the highest (0.336 ± 0.001) level of Mn while Telfairia occidentalis had the least (0.018 ± 0.013). The highest (0.139 ± 0.0002) level of Cu was recorded in Vernonia amygdalina and the lowest level (0.068±0.005) was found in Lactuca sativa. All the concentrations recorded are within the official WHO permissible limit of 5mg/kg for manganese and 4mg/kg for copper in vegetable plant materials. Therefore, these values may suggest that the selected vegetables are safe for human consumption.
{"title":"Level of Manganese and Copper in Selected Vegetables Marketed in Kaduna Metropolis","authors":"M. Garba, N. Fatima, A. Bashir, Umar Mukhtar Danmusa, A. Kassim","doi":"10.57233/ijsgs.v9i1.398","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57233/ijsgs.v9i1.398","url":null,"abstract":"Vegetables containing micronutrients such as manganese and copper are widely consumed due to their essential role in the human body. Human activities due to environmental pollution significantly contribute to high levels of manganese and copper in the human body, which can lead to toxic effects. The research is aimed at determining the level of manganese and copper in selected vegetables (Lactuca sativa, Telfairia occidentalis, Vernonia amygdalina, Spinacia olaracea and Adansonia digitata) marketed in Kaduna metropolis. The selected vegetables were processed and digested using a tri-acid mixture (HNO3:HClO4:H2SO4 = 5:1:1) and the Cu and Mn content of the digests obtained was determined by Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (AAS). The results obtained indicated that Spinacia olaracea had the highest (0.336 ± 0.001) level of Mn while Telfairia occidentalis had the least (0.018 ± 0.013). The highest (0.139 ± 0.0002) level of Cu was recorded in Vernonia amygdalina and the lowest level (0.068±0.005) was found in Lactuca sativa. All the concentrations recorded are within the official WHO permissible limit of 5mg/kg for manganese and 4mg/kg for copper in vegetable plant materials. Therefore, these values may suggest that the selected vegetables are safe for human consumption.","PeriodicalId":332500,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Science for Global Sustainability","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128607211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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