French Studies: A Quarterly Review最新文献

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Against the Grain: The Poetics of Non-Normative Masculinity in Decadent French Literature by Mathew Rickard (review) 反主流:法国颓废文学中非规范男性气质的诗学(书评)

French Studies: A Quarterly Review

Pub Date : 2023-02-02 DOI: 10.1093/fs/knad020

Michael E. Lucey

In this book, Mathew Rickard capably and enthusiastically studies ‘the literary representation of non-normative masculinity at a time when masculinity was perceived to be in crisis’ (p. 18). For Rickard, the fin-de-siècle masculinity crisis ‘ironically allowed greater representation of alternative behaviours and identities precisely due to the questioning of masculinity that was occurring’ (p. 18). Are there places and times when masculinity is not in crisis for someone? How are we to decide if one individual’s masculinity crisis is of wider consequence? Rickard, who situates his writers in the context of the loss of the Franco-Prussian War, concerns about depopulation, struggles for women’s emancipation, and a new sexological interest in ‘perversity’, wonders if masculinity is ‘inherently toxic’ or if ‘queerer, intersectional, even healthier forms of masculinity [can] flourish’ (p. 13). Do all non-normative forms of masculinity array themselves on the side of the queer? Is the queer always a ‘healthier’ or more progressive option? Rickard’s book joins a fascinating body of recent work addressing these difficult questions. Marlon B. Ross’s Sissy Insurgencies: A Racial Anatomy of Unfit Manliness (Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2022), for instance, is interesting to read in parallel with Rickard’s volume. At one point, Ross tellingly juxtaposes James Baldwin and Truman Capote. Baldwin is Ross’s exemplar of successful insurgency. Capote’s masculinity, for all its non-normative misfittedness, is one some might qualify as counter-insurgent. ‘Sissiness is manifested differently in different racial formations’, Ross suggests (Sissy Insurgencies, p. 29). Racial formations per se do not come up in Rickard’s study, but he mentions, for instance, ‘the intersection of class and masculinity’ (Against the Grain, p. 46). I might tend to surmise that at least one or two of the four figures Rickard studies fall mostly on the Capote side of things (non-normative masculinity being a privilege aligned with other social entitlements) rather than the Baldwin one, but perhaps Rickard would have a different view. Clusters of interrelated social variables specific to different socio-cultural contexts are crucial to the evaluation of any instance of non-normative masculinity. Forms of ‘hegemonic masculinity’ are themselves plural in most historical contexts. When Jean Lorrain and Joris-Karl Huysmans, from their very different social locations, engage with ‘masculinity’, are they engaging with the same thing? Are all people who exhibit non-normative masculinity ‘adversely affected by the laws of the Patriarchy’ (p. 11) to the same degree and in the same way? Rickard begins his demonstration with Huysmans’s À rebours (1884), exploring how ‘non-normative men can appropriate a hegemonic identity through engaging with literature’ (p. 60). He then examines how, in Lorrain’s Monsieur de Phocas (1901), ‘the representation of witchcraft [...] links to the presentation of non-n

在这本书中，马修·里卡德(Mathew Rickard)出色而热情地研究了“在男性气概被认为处于危机之中的时代，非规范男性气概的文学表现”(第18页)。对于里卡德来说，“最后关头”的男性气质危机“讽刺的是，正是由于对男性气质的质疑，才使得更多的另类行为和身份得到了体现”(第18页)。对于一个人来说，有什么地方和时间的男子气概没有危机吗?我们如何判断一个人的男子气概危机是否会产生更广泛的影响?里卡德把他的作家置于普法战争失败的背景下，关注人口减少，争取妇女解放，以及对“变态”的新的性学兴趣，想知道男性气概是否“天生有毒”，或者“奇怪的，交叉的，甚至更健康的男性气概形式(可以)蓬勃发展”(第13页)。所有非规范形式的男性气概都站在酷儿一边吗?酷儿总是一个“更健康”或更进步的选择吗?里卡德的书加入了最近一系列解决这些难题的迷人作品。例如，马龙·b·罗斯的《娘腔叛乱:不合格男子气概的种族剖析》(北卡罗来纳州达勒姆:杜克大学出版社，2022年)，与里卡德的书并列阅读很有趣。罗斯一度把詹姆斯·鲍德温(James Baldwin)和杜鲁门·卡波特(Truman Capote)放在一起娓娓道来。鲍德温是罗斯笔下成功叛乱的典范。卡波特的阳刚之气，尽管不符合规范，但有些人可能会认为他是反叛乱分子。“娘娘腔在不同的种族中表现得不同”，罗斯说(《娘娘腔的叛乱》，第29页)。种族形成本身并没有出现在里卡德的研究中，但他提到，例如，“阶级和男子气概的交集”(《反对谷物》，第46页)。我可能倾向于猜测，在里卡德研究的四个数字中，至少有一两个主要属于卡波特一方(非规范的男性气概是与其他社会权利相一致的特权)，而不是鲍德温一方，但也许里卡德会有不同的观点。特定于不同社会文化背景的相互关联的社会变量集群对于评估任何非规范男性气质的实例至关重要。在大多数历史背景下，“霸道男子气概”的形式本身是多元的。当Jean Lorrain和Joris-Karl Huysmans来自截然不同的社会地位，与“男子气概”打交道时，他们是在做同样的事情吗?是否所有表现出非规范男子气概的人都以同样的程度和方式“受到父权制法律的不利影响”(第11页)?里卡德以Huysmans的À rebours(1884)开始他的论证，探索“非规范的人如何通过参与文学来获得霸权身份”(第60页)。然后，他研究了洛兰的《福卡斯先生》(1901)中“巫术的表现……[通过与边缘实践的可比接触，将非规范男性气质的呈现联系起来](第65页)。第三章研究了Rachilde的《mr vacimnus》(1884)和《La Tour d’amour》(1899)，并展示了在Rachilde的作品中，如何在“被动”的男人和一些女人身上找到一种重新配置的男性气质。在最后一章，关于奥克塔夫·米尔博的《苦难》(1886)，里卡德探讨了阳痿的话题(字面上的和比喻上的，真实的和虚构的)，以探索文本(以及现实生活)中的“男性作者”可能是什么样的成就(第170页)。有时里卡德写道，事物“本质上是奇怪的”(第69、119页;我的重点):比如洛林那一章中的文化，或者，在拉希尔德狡猾的手中，规范的男子气概本身。我想知道，里卡德为他的读者提供了如此丰富的细节，这些材料是否会鼓励我们从关系上思考，并逐渐理解，并非所有不符合规范的立场都一定能被称为酷儿、反叛或进步。

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引用次数: 0

Les Normes de prononciation du français: une étude perceptive panfrancophone par Marc Chalier (review) 法语发音标准:马克·查利耶的泛法语感知研究(综述)

French Studies: A Quarterly Review

Pub Date : 2022-12-17 DOI: 10.1093/fs/knac224

David Hornsby

fecundity of the allegorical castle in literature, and the close links between architectural and textual poetics. This inspiring volume is complemented by a thematically arranged bibliography of both recent and landmark works on all topics related to allegorical theory and practice encompassed within the range of this book

寓言城堡在文学中的繁盛，以及建筑诗学与文本诗学的密切联系。这个鼓舞人心的卷是由一个主题安排的参考书目最近和具有里程碑意义的作品在所有主题相关的寓言理论和实践包含在这本书的范围内

引用次数: 0

France in the Second World War: Collaboration, Resistance, Holocaust, Empire by Chris Millington (review) 《第二次世界大战中的法国:合作、抵抗、大屠杀和帝国》作者:克里斯·米林顿

French Studies: A Quarterly Review

Pub Date : 2022-10-14 DOI: 10.1093/fs/knac216

D. Drake

引用次数: 0

Le Privilège des livres: bilinguisme et concurrence culturelle dans le 'Roman de Fauvel' remanié et dans les gloses au premier livre de l''Ovide moralisé' par Thibaut Radomme (review) 《书的特权:双语主义与文化竞争》(the privilege of books:双语主义与文化竞争)，作者:蒂博·拉多姆(Thibaut Radomme)

French Studies: A Quarterly Review

Pub Date : 2022-10-14 DOI: 10.1093/fs/knac220

J. Ducos

引用次数: 0

Illegibility: Blanchot and Hegel by William S. Allen (review) 《难以辨认:布朗肖与黑格尔》威廉·s·艾伦著(书评)

French Studies: A Quarterly Review

Pub Date : 2022-10-14 DOI: 10.1093/fs/knac225

M. Holland

引用次数: 0

Artificial Generation: Photogenic French Literature and the Prehistory of Cinematic Modernity by Christina Parker-Flynn (review) 《人工生成:上镜的法国文学与电影现代性的史前史》克里斯蒂娜·帕克-弗林著(书评)

French Studies: A Quarterly Review

Pub Date : 2022-10-14 DOI: 10.1093/fs/knac217

P. ffrench

引用次数: 1

Poétiques de la filiation. Clément Marot et ses maîtres: Jean Marot, Jean Lemaire et Guillaume Cretin par Ellen Delvallée (review) 父系的诗学。clement Marot和他的老师:Jean Marot, Jean Lemaire和Guillaume Cretin by Ellen delvallee(评论)

French Studies: A Quarterly Review

Pub Date : 2022-09-29 DOI: 10.1093/fs/knac209

Anton Bruder

引用次数: 0

Life as Creative Constraint: Autobiography and the Oulipo by Anna Kemp (review) 作为创造性约束的生活:安娜·坎普的自传和奥利波(书评)

French Studies: A Quarterly Review

Pub Date : 2022-09-10 DOI: 10.1093/fs/knac203

D. Bellos

引用次数: 0

Politics and 'Politiques' in Sixteenth-Century France: A Conceptual History by Emma Claussen (review) 16世纪法国的政治与“政治”:艾玛·克劳森的概念史

French Studies: A Quarterly Review

Pub Date : 2022-09-06 DOI: 10.1093/fs/knac206

R. Boone

génie français, an assessment shared down the centuries by authors from La Fontaine to Sainte-Beuve. Yet his immediate successors as court poets, the Pléiade, deplored Marot for his perceived over-attachment to traditional poetics and his inability to craft a suitably distinct poetic voice. Recent scholarship has undermined the Pléiade’s disingenuous critique, and champions instead Marot’s role as an unprecedented innovator in French poetry, whose revolutionary poetics demarcates a literary-historical boundary between medieval and (early) modern. However, by cutting Marot off from his predecessors in order to place him at the threshold of modernity, Delvallée contends that modern scholarship risks obscuring the poet’s true genius almost as much as the Pléiade’s account, which made Marot the last of the so-called Grands Rhétoriqueurs. In Delvallée’s own words, therefore, ‘[à] l’idée de rupture nette ou de révolution esthétique, il suffit d’opposer celle de dette ou de filiation’ (p. 11). To this end, and over the course of nearly a thousand pages, the author subjects Marot’s œuvre to close analysis, placing it in relation to those of his immediate predecessors and acknowledged masters in the poetic art, such as his father Jean Marot, the polymathic Jean Lemaire de Belges, and the court poet Guillaume Cretin. In the course of this analysis, Marot’s poetry reveals itself to be deeply engaged in a process of appropriating and transforming these models, simultaneously honouring and dissimulating his debts to his poetic fathers. Delvallée concludes that Marot’s poetry is characterized by not one but a multiplicity of ‘poétiques de la filiation, constamment repensées selon les genres ou les objectifs rhétoriques’ of the work in question (p. 889).

这是几个世纪以来从拉封丹到圣伯夫的作家们共同的评估。然而，作为宫廷诗人，他的后继者，plimimiade，对马罗过分依恋传统诗学和无法创作出适当独特的诗歌声音感到遗憾。最近的学术研究已经削弱了plimimiade的虚伪批评，转而支持马罗作为法国诗歌中前所未有的创新者的角色，他的革命性诗学划定了中世纪和(早期)现代之间的文学历史界限。然而，通过将马罗从他的前辈中分离出来，将他置于现代性的门槛，delvallsamade认为，现代学术冒着掩盖诗人真正天才的风险，就像plimiade的描述一样，这使得马罗成为最后一个所谓的“大马罗”。因此，用德尔瓦尔·萨默自己的话来说，“[com] l ' idsame de rupture nette ou de reacimvolution esthacimtique，将满足d ' opposer cell de dette ou de filie”(第11页)。为此，在近一千页的篇幅里，作者对马罗的œuvre进行了细致的分析，将其与他的前任和公认的诗歌艺术大师的作品联系起来，比如他的父亲让·马罗、博学的让·勒梅尔·德·比利时和宫廷诗人纪尧姆·克雷廷。在这一分析过程中，马罗的诗歌揭示了自己深深参与了一个挪用和改造这些模式的过程，同时尊重和掩饰他对他的诗歌父亲的债务。delvallsamade总结道，马罗诗歌的特点不只是一个，而是多重的“归依、悔恨、懊悔、体裁、目的”(第889页)。

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引用次数: 0

Writing Queer Identities in Morocco: Abdellah Taïa and Moroccan Committed Literature by Tina Dransfeldt Christensen (review) 在摩洛哥书写酷儿身份:Abdellah Taïa与摩洛哥忠诚文学蒂娜·德兰菲尔德·克里斯滕森(书评)

French Studies: A Quarterly Review

Pub Date : 2022-08-11 DOI: 10.1093/fs/knac145

Siham Bouamer

引用次数: 2

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