首页 > 最新文献

Infection Prevention in Practice最新文献

英文 中文
An outbreak of Burkholderia cepacia complex exit site infection among peritoneal dialysis patients caused by contaminated spray dressing 腹膜透析患者因喷洒敷料污染而爆发伯克霍尔德氏菌复合体出口部位感染病例
Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2024-03-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.infpip.2024.100359
Lily Shui-Kuen Cheng , Sandy Ka-Yee Chau , Wai-Shan Chan , Jonathan Hon-Kwan Chen , Barry Kin-Chung Wong , Kitty Sau-Chun Fung

Background

Wound dressing is intended to provide a physical barrier from microorganisms. Spray dressing is convenient and can be applied to wounds of various contours. In July 2020, a cluster of four Burkholderia cepacia complex (BCC) exit site infections was identified among peritoneal dialysis patients in a regional hospital in Hong Kong. In response, our hospital infection control team conducted an epidemiologic investigation.

Methods

We conducted a retrospective cohort study of peritoneal dialysis patients with culture-confirmed BCC exit site infections from January 2011 to July 2020. Outbreak investigations, including case finding, molecular typing and post-outbreak surveillance, were performed.

Discussion

A substantial increase in BCC exit site infections has been observed since 2013, rising from 0.23 in 2012 to 1.09 episodes per 100 patient-year in 2015, with the number of cases in the first half of 2020 already surpassing the total from 2019. The potential source had been traced to a spray dressing introduced to exit site care in December 2012. Burkholderia cepacia complex was isolated from both the unopened and in-use sprays from the same lot. Multilocus sequence typing analysis confirmed their genetic relatedness. The spray dressing was subsequently removed from exit site care. Post-outbreak surveillance over two years showed a marked and sustained decrease in BCC exit site infection.

Conclusion

Water-based spray dressing can be a source of BCC causing wound infections. The use of contaminated spray dressing, especially in chronic wounds with proximity to indwelling catheters, may pose an inherent risk to patients.

背景伤口敷料的作用是提供物理屏障,防止微生物侵入。喷雾敷料使用方便,可用于各种轮廓的伤口。2020 年 7 月,香港一家地区医院发现腹膜透析患者出现四例伯克霍尔德氏菌复合体(BCC)出口部位感染。我们对 2011 年 1 月至 2020 年 7 月期间腹膜透析患者中经培养证实的 BCC 出口部位感染病例进行了回顾性队列研究。讨论自2013年以来,BCC出口部位感染大幅增加,从2012年的每100名患者年0.23例增加到2015年的1.09例,2020年上半年的病例数已经超过了2019年的总数。潜在的病源已被追溯到 2012 年 12 月在出院护理中引入的一种喷雾敷料。从同一批次未开封和使用中的喷雾剂中分离出了伯克霍尔德氏菌复合菌。多焦点序列分型分析证实了它们的遗传相关性。喷洒敷料随后被从出口场所护理中移除。疫情爆发后两年的监测显示,BCC 出口部位感染率明显持续下降。使用受污染的喷雾敷料,尤其是在靠近留置导管的慢性伤口中使用,可能会给患者带来固有的风险。
{"title":"An outbreak of Burkholderia cepacia complex exit site infection among peritoneal dialysis patients caused by contaminated spray dressing","authors":"Lily Shui-Kuen Cheng ,&nbsp;Sandy Ka-Yee Chau ,&nbsp;Wai-Shan Chan ,&nbsp;Jonathan Hon-Kwan Chen ,&nbsp;Barry Kin-Chung Wong ,&nbsp;Kitty Sau-Chun Fung","doi":"10.1016/j.infpip.2024.100359","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.infpip.2024.100359","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Wound dressing is intended to provide a physical barrier from microorganisms. Spray dressing is convenient and can be applied to wounds of various contours. In July 2020, a cluster of four <em>Burkholderia cepacia</em> complex (BCC) exit site infections was identified among peritoneal dialysis patients in a regional hospital in Hong Kong. In response, our hospital infection control team conducted an epidemiologic investigation.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We conducted a retrospective cohort study of peritoneal dialysis patients with culture-confirmed BCC exit site infections from January 2011 to July 2020. Outbreak investigations, including case finding, molecular typing and post-outbreak surveillance, were performed.</p></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><p>A substantial increase in BCC exit site infections has been observed since 2013, rising from 0.23 in 2012 to 1.09 episodes per 100 patient-year in 2015, with the number of cases in the first half of 2020 already surpassing the total from 2019. The potential source had been traced to a spray dressing introduced to exit site care in December 2012. <em>Burkholderia cepacia</em> complex was isolated from both the unopened and in-use sprays from the same lot. Multilocus sequence typing analysis confirmed their genetic relatedness. The spray dressing was subsequently removed from exit site care. Post-outbreak surveillance over two years showed a marked and sustained decrease in BCC exit site infection.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Water-based spray dressing can be a source of BCC causing wound infections. The use of contaminated spray dressing, especially in chronic wounds with proximity to indwelling catheters, may pose an inherent risk to patients.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":33492,"journal":{"name":"Infection Prevention in Practice","volume":"6 2","pages":"Article 100359"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590088924000234/pdfft?md5=c76af1fce2fca4361fe4281f69a2c9c3&pid=1-s2.0-S2590088924000234-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140191167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Biocide resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae: a narrative review 肺炎克雷伯氏菌对杀菌剂的耐药性:叙述性综述
Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2024-03-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.infpip.2024.100360
Pearl Ntshonga , Irene Gobe , Garesego Koto , Jonathan Strysko , Giacomo Maria Paganotti

Klebsiella pneumoniae is among the World Health Organization's list of priority pathogens, notorious for its role in causing healthcare-associated infections and neonatal sepsis globally. Containment of K. pneumoniae transmission depends on the continued effectiveness of antimicrobials and of biocides used for topical antisepsis and surface disinfection. Klebsiella pneumoniae is known to disseminate antimicrobial resistance (AMR) through a large auxiliary genome made up of plasmids, transposons and integrons, enabling it to evade antimicrobial killing through the use of efflux systems and biofilm development. Because AMR mechanisms are also known to impart tolerance to biocides, AMR is frequently linked with biocide resistance (BR). However, despite extensive research on AMR, there is a gap in knowledge about BR and the extent to which AMR and BR mechanisms overlap remains debatable. The aim of this paper is to review and summarise the current knowledge on the determinants of BR in K. pneumoniae and highlight content areas that require further inquiry.

肺炎克雷伯氏菌是世界卫生组织重点关注的病原体之一,因其在全球范围内导致医疗相关感染和新生儿败血症而臭名昭著。肺炎克雷伯菌传播的遏制取决于抗菌药物以及用于局部防腐和表面消毒的杀菌剂的持续有效性。众所周知,肺炎克雷伯氏菌通过由质粒、转座子和整合子组成的大型辅助基因组传播抗菌药耐药性(AMR),使其能够利用外排系统和生物膜的发展逃避抗菌药的杀灭。据了解,AMR 机制还能赋予生物杀灭剂耐受性,因此,AMR 经常与生物杀灭剂耐药性 (BR) 联系在一起。然而,尽管对 AMR 进行了广泛的研究,但有关 BR 的知识仍存在空白,AMR 和 BR 机制的重叠程度仍有待商榷。本文旨在回顾和总结有关肺炎克氏菌耐药性决定因素的现有知识,并强调需要进一步研究的内容领域。
{"title":"Biocide resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae: a narrative review","authors":"Pearl Ntshonga ,&nbsp;Irene Gobe ,&nbsp;Garesego Koto ,&nbsp;Jonathan Strysko ,&nbsp;Giacomo Maria Paganotti","doi":"10.1016/j.infpip.2024.100360","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.infpip.2024.100360","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><em>Klebsiella pneumoniae</em> is among the World Health Organization's list of priority pathogens, notorious for its role in causing healthcare-associated infections and neonatal sepsis globally. Containment of <em>K. pneumoniae</em> transmission depends on the continued effectiveness of antimicrobials and of biocides used for topical antisepsis and surface disinfection. <em>Klebsiella pneumoniae</em> is known to disseminate antimicrobial resistance (AMR) through a large auxiliary genome made up of plasmids, transposons and integrons, enabling it to evade antimicrobial killing through the use of efflux systems and biofilm development. Because AMR mechanisms are also known to impart tolerance to biocides, AMR is frequently linked with biocide resistance (BR). However, despite extensive research on AMR, there is a gap in knowledge about BR and the extent to which AMR and BR mechanisms overlap remains debatable. The aim of this paper is to review and summarise the current knowledge on the determinants of BR in <em>K. pneumoniae</em> and highlight content areas that require further inquiry.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":33492,"journal":{"name":"Infection Prevention in Practice","volume":"6 2","pages":"Article 100360"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590088924000246/pdfft?md5=58e2fb5790255f32f2fbc28373ed416f&pid=1-s2.0-S2590088924000246-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140275153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Hand hygiene knowledge among nurses and nursing students–a descriptive cross-sectional comparative survey using the WHO's “Hand Hygiene Knowledge Questionnaire” 护士和护理专业学生的手卫生知识--使用世界卫生组织 "手卫生知识问卷 "进行的描述性横断面比较调查
Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2024-03-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.infpip.2024.100358
Per-Ola Blomgren , Christine Leo Swenne , Birgitta Lytsy , Katarina Hjelm

Aim

To determine the level of knowledge and explore the difference of hand hygiene between nursing students and nurses.

Background

Annually, 3.8 million people in Europe acquire healthcare-associated infections, highlighting the importance of hand hygiene. Despite WHO's emphasis on the fact that greater hand hygiene knowledge correlates with improved hand hygiene compliance, several studies have shown knowledge gaps among nurses and nursing students regarding hand hygiene.

Design

Descriptive cross-sectional comparative survey.

Methods

A version of the WHO “Hand Hygiene Knowledge Questionnaire”, translated into Swedish, was used for data collection among nursing students in the first and last semester, and registered nurses from a university and associated hospital. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, and comparison between groups with Fisher's exact test, one-way ANOVA, and post-hoc tests (Pairwise Z-Tests, Tukey HSD).

Results

The survey, conducted between December 2020 and January 2021, received responses from 201 participants, including 71 first semester students, 46 last semester students and 84 registered nurses, showing moderate (55.7% [50–74% correct answers]) to good (43.8% [75–100% correct answers]) knowledge levels. First-semester students scored lower (17.0 ± 2.1) than last-semester students (18.8 ± 1.8) and registered nurses (18.3 ± 2.1) out of 25 questions.

Discussion

It is necessary for all groups to receive proper education on hand hygiene knowledge and to have an educational program that does not separate the groups but combines them with continuing education, since the students will someday be influencing future hand hygiene knowledge as a peer, together with the nurse.

目的确定护理专业学生和护士的手部卫生知识水平,并探讨两者之间的差异。背景欧洲每年有 380 万人感染与医疗保健相关的疾病,这凸显了手部卫生的重要性。尽管世卫组织强调手部卫生知识越丰富,手部卫生依从性越高,但多项研究表明,护士和护理专业学生对手部卫生的认识存在差距。调查于 2020 年 12 月至 2021 年 1 月进行,共收到 201 名参与者的回答,其中包括 71 名第一学期的学生、46 名最后一学期的学生和 84 名注册护士,他们的知识水平为中等(55.7% [50-74%正确答案])至良好(43.8% [75-100%正确答案])。在 25 个问题中,第一学期学生的得分(17.0 ± 2.1)低于最后一学期学生(18.8 ± 1.8)和注册护士(18.3 ± 2.1)。讨论有必要让所有群体都接受适当的手卫生知识教育,并且有必要制定一项教育计划,不将各群体分开,而是将其与继续教育结合起来,因为有朝一日学生将作为同龄人与护士一起影响未来的手卫生知识。
{"title":"Hand hygiene knowledge among nurses and nursing students–a descriptive cross-sectional comparative survey using the WHO's “Hand Hygiene Knowledge Questionnaire”","authors":"Per-Ola Blomgren ,&nbsp;Christine Leo Swenne ,&nbsp;Birgitta Lytsy ,&nbsp;Katarina Hjelm","doi":"10.1016/j.infpip.2024.100358","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.infpip.2024.100358","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aim</h3><p>To determine the level of knowledge and explore the difference of hand hygiene between nursing students and nurses.</p></div><div><h3>Background</h3><p>Annually, 3.8 million people in Europe acquire healthcare-associated infections, highlighting the importance of hand hygiene. Despite WHO's emphasis on the fact that greater hand hygiene knowledge correlates with improved hand hygiene compliance, several studies have shown knowledge gaps among nurses and nursing students regarding hand hygiene.</p></div><div><h3>Design</h3><p>Descriptive cross-sectional comparative survey.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A version of the WHO “Hand Hygiene Knowledge Questionnaire”, translated into Swedish, was used for data collection among nursing students in the first and last semester, and registered nurses from a university and associated hospital. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, and comparison between groups with Fisher's exact test, one-way ANOVA, and post-hoc tests (Pairwise Z-Tests, Tukey HSD).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The survey, conducted between December 2020 and January 2021, received responses from 201 participants, including 71 first semester students, 46 last semester students and 84 registered nurses, showing moderate (55.7% [50–74% correct answers]) to good (43.8% [75–100% correct answers]) knowledge levels. First-semester students scored lower (17.0 ± 2.1) than last-semester students (18.8 ± 1.8) and registered nurses (18.3 ± 2.1) out of 25 questions.</p></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><p>It is necessary for all groups to receive proper education on hand hygiene knowledge and to have an educational program that does not separate the groups but combines them with continuing education, since the students will someday be influencing future hand hygiene knowledge as a peer, together with the nurse.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":33492,"journal":{"name":"Infection Prevention in Practice","volume":"6 2","pages":"Article 100358"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590088924000222/pdfft?md5=56d7ef59019519d6b50c85708b4d0d74&pid=1-s2.0-S2590088924000222-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140276822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Impact of supportive supervision visits on the availability of World Health Organization infection prevention and control core components in health facilities in Southwestern Uganda 支持性督导访问对乌干达西南部医疗机构提供世界卫生组织感染预防和控制核心内容的影响
Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2024-03-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.infpip.2024.100355
Cozie Gwaikolo , Bongomin Bodo , Doreen Nabawanuka , Michael Mukiibi , Emmanuel Seremba , Paul Muyinda , Andrew Bakainaga , Yonas Tegegn Woldemariam , Christopher C. Moore , Richard Ssekitoleko

Background

In sub-Saharan Africa, the provision of infection prevention and control (IPC) measures are often limited by resource constraints.

Aim

To determine the association of supportive supervision activities with the availability of the WHO core components for IPC at health facilities in Southwestern Uganda.

Methods

We employed a before and after quality improvement study design. We conducted a baseline assessment of the availability of the WHO IPC core components and provided supportive supervision activities, which was followed by a second IPC assessment. We included health centers II-IV, which have increasing clinical care capacity, and regional hospitals.

Findings

Of 244 regional health facilities, baseline assessment occurred at 111 (45%) of which 23 (21%) were reassessed. The number of facilities in the Red (<70%) category for each core component stayed the same or decreased at each facility type, but there was an increase from five to six health center III facilities scoring Red (<70%) for PPE. The number of facilities in the Green (>85%) category for each core component stayed the same or was increased at each facility type, but there was a decrease from four to two health center III facilities scoring Green (>85%) for instrument processing. There was an increase in the median (interquartile range [IQR]) overall score for all facilities (65 [54–72] vs 75 [68–83], P=0.0001).

Conclusion

Supportive supervision activities were associated with improved availability of the core components of IPC at health facilities in Southwestern Uganda. PPE should be prioritized in health care facilities in Southwestern Uganda.

背景在撒哈拉以南的非洲地区,提供感染预防和控制(IPC)措施往往受到资源限制。目的确定支持性监督活动与乌干达西南部医疗机构提供世界卫生组织 IPC 核心内容的关联。我们对世界卫生组织 IPC 核心内容的可用性进行了基线评估,并提供了支持性监督活动,随后进行了第二次 IPC 评估。在 244 家地区医疗机构中,111 家(45%)进行了基线评估,其中 23 家(21%)进行了重新评估。每类医疗机构中,每项核心内容均为红色(70%)的医疗机构数量保持不变或有所减少,但PPE为红色(70%)的三级医疗中心医疗机构从五家增加到六家。每种设施类型的每项核心内容中,绿色(85%)类别的设施数量保持不变或有所增加,但在器械处理方面,绿色(85%)类别的三级医疗中心设施数量从四家减少到两家。所有医疗机构的总分中位数(四分位数间距 [IQR])均有所上升(65 [54-72] vs 75 [68-83],P=0.0001)。乌干达西南部的医疗机构应优先考虑个人防护设备。
{"title":"Impact of supportive supervision visits on the availability of World Health Organization infection prevention and control core components in health facilities in Southwestern Uganda","authors":"Cozie Gwaikolo ,&nbsp;Bongomin Bodo ,&nbsp;Doreen Nabawanuka ,&nbsp;Michael Mukiibi ,&nbsp;Emmanuel Seremba ,&nbsp;Paul Muyinda ,&nbsp;Andrew Bakainaga ,&nbsp;Yonas Tegegn Woldemariam ,&nbsp;Christopher C. Moore ,&nbsp;Richard Ssekitoleko","doi":"10.1016/j.infpip.2024.100355","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.infpip.2024.100355","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>In sub-Saharan Africa, the provision of infection prevention and control (IPC) measures are often limited by resource constraints.</p></div><div><h3>Aim</h3><p>To determine the association of supportive supervision activities with the availability of the WHO core components for IPC at health facilities in Southwestern Uganda.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We employed a before and after quality improvement study design. We conducted a baseline assessment of the availability of the WHO IPC core components and provided supportive supervision activities, which was followed by a second IPC assessment. We included health centers II-IV, which have increasing clinical care capacity, and regional hospitals.</p></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><p>Of 244 regional health facilities, baseline assessment occurred at 111 (45%) of which 23 (21%) were reassessed. The number of facilities in the Red (&lt;70%) category for each core component stayed the same or decreased at each facility type, but there was an increase from five to six health center III facilities scoring Red (&lt;70%) for PPE. The number of facilities in the Green (&gt;85%) category for each core component stayed the same or was increased at each facility type, but there was a decrease from four to two health center III facilities scoring Green (&gt;85%) for instrument processing. There was an increase in the median (interquartile range [IQR]) overall score for all facilities (65 [54–72] vs 75 [68–83], <em>P</em>=0.0001).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Supportive supervision activities were associated with improved availability of the core components of IPC at health facilities in Southwestern Uganda. PPE should be prioritized in health care facilities in Southwestern Uganda.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":33492,"journal":{"name":"Infection Prevention in Practice","volume":"6 2","pages":"Article 100355"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590088924000192/pdfft?md5=63773e08ec431d08bb68602bdb2518e8&pid=1-s2.0-S2590088924000192-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140275036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Stewardship: it's going viral 管理:它正在病毒式传播
Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2024-03-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.infpip.2024.100356
Abigail Jenkins , Jubeyr Ahmed , Andrew Bosworth , I Michael Kidd , Husam Osman , Sowsan F. Atabani

Introduction

Historically, antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) has considered the judicious use of antibiotics. AMS is widely adopted across Europe and the US; recently antifungal AMS is gaining momentum but antiviral AMS has been little described. Here we describe the introduction of AMS virology reviews at University Hospitals Birmingham (UHBFT); a novel concept and an opportunity to broaden the beneficial aspects of AMS to virology, termed anti-viral stewardship (AVS).

Method

In June 2022, a UK supply issue with aciclovir injection (ACV IV) was announced. In order to review and preserve parenteral ACV for those in greatest need, UHBFT pharmacist and virologists implemented a specialist review for patients prescribed more than 48 hours of treatment. This review initially lasted 10 weeks and data was collected on the advice offered, whether it was accepted, and time required completing the review.

Results

AVS rounds halved IV ACV consumption, compared to pre or post intervention levels, with more than half of patients advised to stop or switch to oral therapy. Diagnostics and sampling guidance was offered in one quarter of reviews, whilst the remaining interventions were more stewardship focused. In almost all cases stewardship advice was readily accepted by clinical teams. Due to positive feedback from clinicians and its effective management of supply, the anti-viral stewardship (AVS) programme was re-introduced in June 2023.

Conclusions

Antiviral AMS rounds provide an opportunity to optimise sampling, diagnosis and improve patient management. Introduction of regular AVS at UHBFT are now well established and plan to be implemented in other hospitals.

导言从历史上看,抗菌药物管理(AMS)就是对抗生素的合理使用。抗菌药物管理制度在欧洲和美国被广泛采用;最近,抗真菌药物管理制度的发展势头越来越好,但对抗病毒药物管理制度的描述却很少。方法 2022 年 6 月,英国宣布阿昔洛韦注射液(ACV IV)出现供应问题。为了审查并为最需要的患者保留肠外 ACV,UHBFT 的药剂师和病毒学家对处方治疗时间超过 48 小时的患者实施了专家审查。这种审查最初持续 10 周,并收集了有关所提供建议、建议是否被接受以及完成审查所需时间的数据。结果与干预前或干预后的水平相比,AVS 查房使静脉注射 ACV 的消耗量减少了一半,一半以上的患者被建议停止或改用口服疗法。四分之一的复查提供了诊断和采样指导,而其余的干预措施则更加注重监管。几乎在所有情况下,临床团队都欣然接受了监管建议。由于临床医生的积极反馈及其对供应的有效管理,抗病毒药物管理(AVS)计划于 2023 年 6 月再次引入。在英国伯明翰大学附属医院定期开展的抗病毒药物管理计划现已成熟,并计划在其他医院实施。
{"title":"Stewardship: it's going viral","authors":"Abigail Jenkins ,&nbsp;Jubeyr Ahmed ,&nbsp;Andrew Bosworth ,&nbsp;I Michael Kidd ,&nbsp;Husam Osman ,&nbsp;Sowsan F. Atabani","doi":"10.1016/j.infpip.2024.100356","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.infpip.2024.100356","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Historically, antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) has considered the judicious use of antibiotics. AMS is widely adopted across Europe and the US; recently antifungal AMS is gaining momentum but antiviral AMS has been little described. Here we describe the introduction of AMS virology reviews at University Hospitals Birmingham (UHBFT); a novel concept and an opportunity to broaden the beneficial aspects of AMS to virology, termed anti-viral stewardship (AVS).</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>In June 2022, a UK supply issue with aciclovir injection (ACV IV) was announced. In order to review and preserve parenteral ACV for those in greatest need, UHBFT pharmacist and virologists implemented a specialist review for patients prescribed more than 48 hours of treatment. This review initially lasted 10 weeks and data was collected on the advice offered, whether it was accepted, and time required completing the review.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>AVS rounds halved IV ACV consumption, compared to pre or post intervention levels, with more than half of patients advised to stop or switch to oral therapy. Diagnostics and sampling guidance was offered in one quarter of reviews, whilst the remaining interventions were more stewardship focused. In almost all cases stewardship advice was readily accepted by clinical teams. Due to positive feedback from clinicians and its effective management of supply, the anti-viral stewardship (AVS) programme was re-introduced in June 2023.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Antiviral AMS rounds provide an opportunity to optimise sampling, diagnosis and improve patient management. Introduction of regular AVS at UHBFT are now well established and plan to be implemented in other hospitals.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":33492,"journal":{"name":"Infection Prevention in Practice","volume":"6 2","pages":"Article 100356"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590088924000209/pdfft?md5=67e6537e6f6be35f70cd2e7f6c8de0bd&pid=1-s2.0-S2590088924000209-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140191166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Occupational exposure to Hepatitis B virus, disease burden and pathways for postexposure prophylaxis management: recommendations for healthcare workers in highly endemic settings 乙型肝炎病毒的职业暴露、疾病负担和暴露后预防管理途径:针对高流行地区医护人员的建议
Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2024-03-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.infpip.2024.100354
Vivian Efua Senoo-Dogbey , Lillian Akorfa Ohene , Delali Adwoa Wuaku

Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) was recognized many decades ago as an important occupational hazard for Health Care Workers (HCWs) globally. HCWs who are directly involved in patient care and are in continuous contact with blood or body fluids have an increased risk of occupationally acquiring the virus. The risk of HCWs in highly endemic areas is greater due to the greater prevalence of infection in the general population. Recommendations are available to guide HBV prevention activities or practices among HCWs. These include the use of the hepatitis B vaccine as a preexposure prophylaxis and the use of hepatitis B immunoglobulin alone or hepatitis B immunoglobulin plus the vaccine as postexposure prophylaxis. The uptake of preexposure prophylaxis has been observed to be low in resource-poor settings where the disease is highly endemic. Postexposure prophylaxis has become the remedy for preventing occupational transmission of HBV in these settings.

This review aimed to summarize the available evidence on the risk of transmission of HBV infection, the burden of infection and recommendations for pre- and postexposure prophylaxis for the prevention of occupational acquisition of HBV among HCWs. We conducted a narrative review to summarize the evidence available on the recommended steps of HBV exposure management and the utilization of post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) for HBV. A comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed, Science Direct, Google Scholar, and Africa Journals Online (AJOL) databases. The keywords used were hepatitis B, hepatitis B virus postexposure prophylaxis, occupational exposures, and recommendations for postexposure to hepatitis B virus. We gleaned evidence from the literature sources and summarized the concepts related to exposure forms, postexposure prophylaxis management pathways and recommendations for the utilization of postexposure prophylaxis among exposed healthcare workers.

From the synthesis of evidence, we conclude that HBV infection is a life-threatening condition. However, the disease is preventable by using the HBV vaccine as a preexposure prophylaxis measure. An effective postexposure prophylaxis management program is also available, and the last resort to preventing occupational transmission of HBV among HCWs who non-responders are, or who fail to vaccinate completely against HBV. Irrespective of the availability of these lifesaving interventions, the use of pre- and post-exposure prophylaxis among HCWs in highly endemic regions is suboptimal. Many barriers operating at the individual HCW and health facility levels have been identified as impacting the successful use of HBV preventive measures.

几十年前,乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)就被认为是全球医护人员(HCWs)的一个重要职业危害。直接参与病人护理并持续接触血液或体液的医护人员因职业原因感染病毒的风险会增加。在病毒高度流行的地区,由于普通人群的感染率更高,医护人员的风险也更大。目前已有一些建议可用于指导高危职业人群的 HBV 预防活动或实践。这些建议包括使用乙型肝炎疫苗作为暴露前预防,以及单独使用乙型肝炎免疫球蛋白或乙型肝炎免疫球蛋白加疫苗作为暴露后预防。据观察,在疾病高度流行、资源匮乏的环境中,接触前预防措施的使用率很低。本综述旨在总结有关 HBV 感染传播风险、感染负担以及接触前和接触后预防建议的现有证据,以预防高危行业工人因职业原因感染 HBV。我们进行了一项叙述性综述,总结了有关 HBV 暴露管理的建议步骤和使用 HBV 暴露后预防 (PEP) 的现有证据。我们在 PubMed、Science Direct、Google Scholar 和 Africa Journals Online (AJOL) 等数据库中进行了全面检索。使用的关键词包括乙型肝炎、乙型肝炎病毒暴露后预防、职业暴露和乙型肝炎病毒暴露后建议。我们从文献资料中收集了证据,并总结了与暴露形式、暴露后预防管理途径相关的概念,以及对暴露于乙肝病毒的医护人员使用暴露后预防的建议。然而,通过使用 HBV 疫苗作为暴露前预防措施,该疾病是可以预防的。此外,还可以实施有效的暴露后预防管理计划,这也是防止无应答者或未能完全接种 HBV 疫苗的高危工人感染 HBV 的最后手段。尽管有这些挽救生命的干预措施,但在疾病高度流行的地区,高危职业人群接触前和接触后预防措施的使用情况并不理想。已发现在医护人员个人和医疗机构层面存在许多障碍,影响了 HBV 预防措施的成功使用。
{"title":"Occupational exposure to Hepatitis B virus, disease burden and pathways for postexposure prophylaxis management: recommendations for healthcare workers in highly endemic settings","authors":"Vivian Efua Senoo-Dogbey ,&nbsp;Lillian Akorfa Ohene ,&nbsp;Delali Adwoa Wuaku","doi":"10.1016/j.infpip.2024.100354","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.infpip.2024.100354","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) was recognized many decades ago as an important occupational hazard for Health Care Workers (HCWs) globally. HCWs who are directly involved in patient care and are in continuous contact with blood or body fluids have an increased risk of occupationally acquiring the virus. The risk of HCWs in highly endemic areas is greater due to the greater prevalence of infection in the general population. Recommendations are available to guide HBV prevention activities or practices among HCWs. These include the use of the hepatitis B vaccine as a preexposure prophylaxis and the use of hepatitis B immunoglobulin alone or hepatitis B immunoglobulin plus the vaccine as postexposure prophylaxis. The uptake of preexposure prophylaxis has been observed to be low in resource-poor settings where the disease is highly endemic. Postexposure prophylaxis has become the remedy for preventing occupational transmission of HBV in these settings.</p><p>This review aimed to summarize the available evidence on the risk of transmission of HBV infection, the burden of infection and recommendations for pre- and postexposure prophylaxis for the prevention of occupational acquisition of HBV among HCWs. We conducted a narrative review to summarize the evidence available on the recommended steps of HBV exposure management and the utilization of post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) for HBV. A comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed, Science Direct, Google Scholar, and Africa Journals Online (AJOL) databases. The keywords used were hepatitis B, hepatitis B virus postexposure prophylaxis, occupational exposures, and recommendations for postexposure to hepatitis B virus. We gleaned evidence from the literature sources and summarized the concepts related to exposure forms, postexposure prophylaxis management pathways and recommendations for the utilization of postexposure prophylaxis among exposed healthcare workers.</p><p>From the synthesis of evidence, we conclude that HBV infection is a life-threatening condition. However, the disease is preventable by using the HBV vaccine as a preexposure prophylaxis measure. An effective postexposure prophylaxis management program is also available, and the last resort to preventing occupational transmission of HBV among HCWs who non-responders are, or who fail to vaccinate completely against HBV. Irrespective of the availability of these lifesaving interventions, the use of pre- and post-exposure prophylaxis among HCWs in highly endemic regions is suboptimal. Many barriers operating at the individual HCW and health facility levels have been identified as impacting the successful use of HBV preventive measures.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":33492,"journal":{"name":"Infection Prevention in Practice","volume":"6 2","pages":"Article 100354"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590088924000180/pdfft?md5=7888ecc92290368e439aaca01451b9e7&pid=1-s2.0-S2590088924000180-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140195759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Infection prevention control in practice: a survey of healthcare professionals' knowledge and experiences 实践中的感染预防控制:医护人员的知识和经验调查
Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2024-03-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.infpip.2024.100357
Isabella Centeleghe , Philip Norville , Jean-Yves Maillard , Louise Hughes

Background

Laboratory experiments are crucial in understanding efficacy of disinfectant products, but without compliance and appropriate application, the effectiveness of products is compromised. This study aims to understand current perceptions and knowledge of healthcare professionals (HCPs) to common cleaning and disinfection routines and microbial contamination, including biofilms, in healthcare environments.

Methods

An online survey, including open and closed questions, was developed. Non-probability convenience and purposive sampling were used: those currently or previously in a healthcare profession were eligible. Survey responses were taken over 24 months, including the COVID-19 pandemic.

Discussion

137 participants completed the survey; over 50% were nurses. Surface cleaning frequency increased post COVID-19 from ‘twice a day’ to ‘three/more times a day’. Disinfection frequency reduced from ‘between every patient’ before COVID-19 to ‘twice a day’ afterwards. A multimethod approach to cleaning and disinfection (70.8%) was predominant when considering the best method to deliver infection control. Most areas of clinical settings were identified as high risk (13/19). Most (87.6%) participants had heard the term ‘biofilm’, mainly at conference/study days (60%). 39.1% said they were aware of dry surface biofilms (DSB) in the healthcare environment.

Conclusions

There remain mixed views on surface cleaning and disinfection within healthcare. Education is important for understanding microbial contamination and tackling problems. More people than expected had heard the term DSB. Infection control practices seemed consistent across responses, however whether this is reality is unknown. This study provides an initial insight into current opinions/knowledge of HCPs and can form basis for further in-depth investigation.

背景实验室实验对于了解消毒剂产品的功效至关重要,但如果不遵守规定并适当使用,产品的功效就会大打折扣。本研究旨在了解医疗保健专业人员(HCPs)目前对医疗保健环境中常见清洁和消毒常规以及微生物污染(包括生物膜)的看法和知识。采用了非概率方便抽样和有目的抽样:目前或以前从事医疗保健行业的人员均符合条件。讨论137名参与者完成了调查,其中50%以上是护士。COVID-19 后,表面清洁频率从 "每天两次 "增加到 "每天三次/多次"。消毒频率从 COVID-19 之前的 "每名患者之间 "减少到 COVID-19 之后的 "每天两次"。在考虑实施感染控制的最佳方法时,采用多种方法进行清洁和消毒(70.8%)是最主要的方法。临床环境的大多数区域被确定为高风险区域(13/19)。大多数参与者(87.6%)听说过 "生物膜 "一词,主要是在会议/学习日(60%)。39.1%的人表示他们了解医疗环境中的干表面生物膜 (DSB)。教育对于了解微生物污染和解决问题非常重要。听说过干性微生物菌群(DSB)一词的人比预期的要多。感染控制的做法在不同的回答中似乎是一致的,但现实情况是否如此还不得而知。本研究提供了对保健从业人员当前观点/知识的初步了解,可作为进一步深入调查的基础。
{"title":"Infection prevention control in practice: a survey of healthcare professionals' knowledge and experiences","authors":"Isabella Centeleghe ,&nbsp;Philip Norville ,&nbsp;Jean-Yves Maillard ,&nbsp;Louise Hughes","doi":"10.1016/j.infpip.2024.100357","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.infpip.2024.100357","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Laboratory experiments are crucial in understanding efficacy of disinfectant products, but without compliance and appropriate application, the effectiveness of products is compromised. This study aims to understand current perceptions and knowledge of healthcare professionals (HCPs) to common cleaning and disinfection routines and microbial contamination, including biofilms, in healthcare environments.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>An online survey, including open and closed questions, was developed. Non-probability convenience and purposive sampling were used: those currently or previously in a healthcare profession were eligible. Survey responses were taken over 24 months, including the COVID-19 pandemic.</p></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><p>137 participants completed the survey; over 50% were nurses. Surface cleaning frequency increased post COVID-19 from ‘twice a day’ to ‘three/more times a day’. Disinfection frequency reduced from ‘between every patient’ before COVID-19 to ‘twice a day’ afterwards. A multimethod approach to cleaning and disinfection (70.8%) was predominant when considering the best method to deliver infection control. Most areas of clinical settings were identified as high risk (13/19). Most (87.6%) participants had heard the term ‘biofilm’, mainly at conference/study days (60%). 39.1% said they were aware of dry surface biofilms (DSB) in the healthcare environment.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>There remain mixed views on surface cleaning and disinfection within healthcare. Education is important for understanding microbial contamination and tackling problems. More people than expected had heard the term DSB. Infection control practices seemed consistent across responses, however whether this is reality is unknown. This study provides an initial insight into current opinions/knowledge of HCPs and can form basis for further in-depth investigation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":33492,"journal":{"name":"Infection Prevention in Practice","volume":"6 2","pages":"Article 100357"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590088924000210/pdfft?md5=fa12b81c6a82d71b76fbf0816451b4d5&pid=1-s2.0-S2590088924000210-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140283074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Environmental surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 for COVID-19 outbreak detection in hospital: a single-centre prospective study 为检测 COVID-19 在医院的爆发而进行的 SARS-CoV-2 环境监测:一项单中心前瞻性研究
Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2024-03-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.infpip.2024.100353
Prachi Ray , Bryant Lim , Katarina Zorcic , Jennie Johnstone , Aaron Hinz , Alexandra M.A. Hicks , Alex Wong , Derek R. MacFadden , Caroline Nott , Lucas Castellani , Rees Kassen , Michael Fralick
{"title":"Environmental surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 for COVID-19 outbreak detection in hospital: a single-centre prospective study","authors":"Prachi Ray ,&nbsp;Bryant Lim ,&nbsp;Katarina Zorcic ,&nbsp;Jennie Johnstone ,&nbsp;Aaron Hinz ,&nbsp;Alexandra M.A. Hicks ,&nbsp;Alex Wong ,&nbsp;Derek R. MacFadden ,&nbsp;Caroline Nott ,&nbsp;Lucas Castellani ,&nbsp;Rees Kassen ,&nbsp;Michael Fralick","doi":"10.1016/j.infpip.2024.100353","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.infpip.2024.100353","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":33492,"journal":{"name":"Infection Prevention in Practice","volume":"6 2","pages":"Article 100353"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590088924000179/pdfft?md5=98cca928b2d622f2d55c43fa92a8e802&pid=1-s2.0-S2590088924000179-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140134029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The effect of taurolidine on the time-to-positivity of blood cultures 妥洛尼定对血液培养物阳性反应时间的影响
Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2024-02-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.infpip.2024.100352
C.H. van den Bosch , J.E.P. Moree , S. Peeters , M. Lankheet , A.F.W. van der Steeg , M.H.W.A. Wijnen , M.D. van de Wetering , J.T. van der Bruggen

Background

Taurolidine containing lock solutions (TL) are a promising method for the prevention of central line associated bloodstream infections. Per accident, the TL may not always be aspirated from the central venous catheter (CVC) before blood cultures are obtained. The TL could, unintentionally, end up in a blood culture vial, possibly altering the results. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the TLs on the detection of microbial growth in blood culture vials.

Methods

Different lock solutions (taurolidine-citrate-heparin (TCHL), taurolidine, heparin, citrate or NaCl) were added to BD BACTECTM blood culture vials (Plus Aerobic/F, Lytic/10 Anaerobic/F or Peds Plus/F) before spiking with Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 29213 or a clinical strain) or Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922 or a clinical strain) in the presence and absence of blood. Subsequently, blood culture vials were incubated in the BD BACTEC FX instrument with Time-to-positivity (TTP) as primary outcome. In addition, the effect of the TCHL on a variety of other micro-organisms was tested.

Discussion

In the presence of taurolidine, the TTP was considerably delayed or vials even remained negative as compared to vials containing heparin, citrate or NaCl. This effect was dose-dependent. The delayed TTP was much less pronounced in the presence of blood, but still notable.

Conclusion

This study stresses the clinical importance of discarding TLs from the CVC before obtaining a blood culture.

背景含有妥洛尼定的锁定溶液(TL)是预防中心静脉导管相关血流感染的有效方法。由于意外情况,在进行血液培养之前,中心静脉导管 (CVC) 中的 TL 可能并不总是被吸出。TL 可能无意中进入血培养瓶,从而可能改变结果。本研究旨在探讨 TL 对检测血培养瓶中微生物生长的影响。方法在BD BACTECTM血液培养瓶(Plus Aerobic/F、Lytic/10 Anaerobic/F或Peds Plus/F)中加入不同的锁定溶液(牛磺酸肝素(TCHL)、牛磺酸肝素、肝素、柠檬酸盐或氯化钠),然后在有血和无血的情况下加入金黄色葡萄球菌(ATCC 29213或临床菌株)或大肠杆菌(ATCC 25922或临床菌株)。随后,血液培养瓶在 BD BACTEC FX 仪器中进行培养,以阳性时间(TTP)为主要结果。讨论 与含有肝素、枸橼酸盐或氯化钠的培养瓶相比,在有妥洛尼定存在的情况下,TTP 明显延迟,甚至保持阴性。这种效应与剂量有关。本研究强调了在进行血液培养之前从 CVC 中丢弃 TL 的临床重要性。
{"title":"The effect of taurolidine on the time-to-positivity of blood cultures","authors":"C.H. van den Bosch ,&nbsp;J.E.P. Moree ,&nbsp;S. Peeters ,&nbsp;M. Lankheet ,&nbsp;A.F.W. van der Steeg ,&nbsp;M.H.W.A. Wijnen ,&nbsp;M.D. van de Wetering ,&nbsp;J.T. van der Bruggen","doi":"10.1016/j.infpip.2024.100352","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.infpip.2024.100352","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Taurolidine containing lock solutions (TL) are a promising method for the prevention of central line associated bloodstream infections. Per accident, the TL may not always be aspirated from the central venous catheter (CVC) before blood cultures are obtained. The TL could, unintentionally, end up in a blood culture vial, possibly altering the results. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the TLs on the detection of microbial growth in blood culture vials.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Different lock solutions (taurolidine-citrate-heparin (TCHL), taurolidine, heparin, citrate or NaCl) were added to BD BACTEC<sup>TM</sup> blood culture vials (Plus Aerobic/F, Lytic/10 Anaerobic/F or Peds Plus/F) before spiking with <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> (ATCC 29213 or a clinical strain) or <em>Escherichia coli</em> (ATCC 25922 or a clinical strain) in the presence and absence of blood. Subsequently, blood culture vials were incubated in the BD BACTEC FX instrument with Time-to-positivity (TTP) as primary outcome. In addition, the effect of the TCHL on a variety of other micro-organisms was tested.</p></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><p>In the presence of taurolidine, the TTP was considerably delayed or vials even remained negative as compared to vials containing heparin, citrate or NaCl. This effect was dose-dependent. The delayed TTP was much less pronounced in the presence of blood, but still notable.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>This study stresses the clinical importance of discarding TLs from the CVC before obtaining a blood culture.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":33492,"journal":{"name":"Infection Prevention in Practice","volume":"6 2","pages":"Article 100352"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590088924000167/pdfft?md5=25754565e2c56c4b9d5e99e5f9fda658&pid=1-s2.0-S2590088924000167-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140113146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Status of infection prevention and control (IPC) as per the WHO standardised Infection Prevention and Control Assessment Framework (IPCAF) tool: existing evidence and its implication 根据世界卫生组织标准化感染预防和控制评估框架(IPCAF)工具进行感染预防和控制(IPC)的现状:现有证据及其影响
Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2024-02-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.infpip.2024.100351
Akeza Awealom Asgedom

Healthcare settings have a high prevalence of infectious agents. This narrative review examines the existing evidence regarding infection prevention and control (IPC) using the WHO Infection Prevention and Control Assessment Framework (IPCAF) tool in healthcare facilities. A total of 13 full length papers from Africa, Asia and Europe were considered for this review. The findings showed that there are discrepancies in the IPCAF values from insufficient to advanced level. The current review shows an advanced IPCAF level in middle income and high income countries. Low income countries showed a lower IPCAF score. There is a need to enhance the IPC capacity building and to supply infection prevention resources to prevent healthcare associated infection (HAI) with a focus on low income countries.

医疗机构是传染病的高发区。这篇叙述性综述利用世界卫生组织感染预防与控制评估框架(IPCAF)工具,研究了医疗机构感染预防与控制(IPC)方面的现有证据。本综述共考虑了来自非洲、亚洲和欧洲的 13 篇长篇论文。研究结果表明,从不足级到高级级,IPCAF 的数值存在差异。本次审查显示,中等收入和高收入国家的 IPCAF 水平较高。低收入国家的 IPCAF 分数较低。有必要加强 IPC 能力建设并提供感染预防资源,以预防医疗相关感染 (HAI),重点关注低收入国家。
{"title":"Status of infection prevention and control (IPC) as per the WHO standardised Infection Prevention and Control Assessment Framework (IPCAF) tool: existing evidence and its implication","authors":"Akeza Awealom Asgedom","doi":"10.1016/j.infpip.2024.100351","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.infpip.2024.100351","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Healthcare settings have a high prevalence of infectious agents. This narrative review examines the existing evidence regarding infection prevention and control (IPC) using the WHO Infection Prevention and Control Assessment Framework (IPCAF) tool in healthcare facilities. A total of 13 full length papers from Africa, Asia and Europe were considered for this review. The findings showed that there are discrepancies in the IPCAF values from insufficient to advanced level. The current review shows an advanced IPCAF level in middle income and high income countries. Low income countries showed a lower IPCAF score. There is a need to enhance the IPC capacity building and to supply infection prevention resources to prevent healthcare associated infection (HAI) with a focus on low income countries.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":33492,"journal":{"name":"Infection Prevention in Practice","volume":"6 2","pages":"Article 100351"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590088924000155/pdfft?md5=78c78745f3a70e9d2a5cc64607222b7b&pid=1-s2.0-S2590088924000155-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140031108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
期刊
Infection Prevention in Practice
全部 Acc. Chem. Res. ACS Applied Bio Materials ACS Appl. Electron. Mater. ACS Appl. Energy Mater. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces ACS Appl. Nano Mater. ACS Appl. Polym. Mater. ACS BIOMATER-SCI ENG ACS Catal. ACS Cent. Sci. ACS Chem. Biol. ACS Chemical Health & Safety ACS Chem. Neurosci. ACS Comb. Sci. ACS Earth Space Chem. ACS Energy Lett. ACS Infect. Dis. ACS Macro Lett. ACS Mater. Lett. ACS Med. Chem. Lett. ACS Nano ACS Omega ACS Photonics ACS Sens. ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng. ACS Synth. Biol. Anal. Chem. BIOCHEMISTRY-US Bioconjugate Chem. BIOMACROMOLECULES Chem. Res. Toxicol. Chem. Rev. Chem. Mater. CRYST GROWTH DES ENERG FUEL Environ. Sci. Technol. Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett. Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. IND ENG CHEM RES Inorg. Chem. J. Agric. Food. Chem. J. Chem. Eng. Data J. Chem. Educ. J. Chem. Inf. Model. J. Chem. Theory Comput. J. Med. Chem. J. Nat. Prod. J PROTEOME RES J. Am. Chem. Soc. LANGMUIR MACROMOLECULES Mol. Pharmaceutics Nano Lett. Org. Lett. ORG PROCESS RES DEV ORGANOMETALLICS J. Org. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. A J. Phys. Chem. B J. Phys. Chem. C J. Phys. Chem. Lett. Analyst Anal. Methods Biomater. Sci. Catal. Sci. Technol. Chem. Commun. Chem. Soc. Rev. CHEM EDUC RES PRACT CRYSTENGCOMM Dalton Trans. Energy Environ. Sci. ENVIRON SCI-NANO ENVIRON SCI-PROC IMP ENVIRON SCI-WAT RES Faraday Discuss. Food Funct. Green Chem. Inorg. Chem. Front. Integr. Biol. J. Anal. At. Spectrom. J. Mater. Chem. A J. Mater. Chem. B J. Mater. Chem. C Lab Chip Mater. Chem. Front. Mater. Horiz. MEDCHEMCOMM Metallomics Mol. Biosyst. Mol. Syst. Des. Eng. Nanoscale Nanoscale Horiz. Nat. Prod. Rep. New J. Chem. Org. Biomol. Chem. Org. Chem. Front. PHOTOCH PHOTOBIO SCI PCCP Polym. Chem.
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
0
微信
客服QQ
Book学术公众号 扫码关注我们
反馈
×
意见反馈
请填写您的意见或建议
请填写您的手机或邮箱
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
现在去查看 取消
×
提示
确定
Book学术官方微信
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术
文献互助 智能选刊 最新文献 互助须知 联系我们:info@booksci.cn
Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。
Copyright © 2023 Book学术 All rights reserved.
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号 京ICP备2023020795号-1