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Low prevalence of borderline oxacillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (BORSA) in a tertiary care hospital in South Carolina 南卡罗来纳州一家三级护理医院中耐受奥沙西林的金黄色葡萄球菌(BORSA)的低流行率
IF 1.8 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2024-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.infpip.2024.100414
Prompt treatment for Staphylococcus aureus bloodstream infections is often dependent on known diagnostic testing modalities to differentiate between methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA). Borderline-oxacillin resistant S. aureus (BORSA), a rare, non-mecA mediated phenotype, has unclear resistance mechanisms but potentially significant consequences as it is frequently misidentified as MSSA but behaves more like MRSA. A retrospective analysis was performed of MSSA bloodstream infections to determine the prevalence of BORSA. Our institution found BORSA prevalence of 0.1%, consistent with literature. Though prevalence is low, due to unclear mechanisms and unreliable detection methods, BORSA may pose a therapeutic and epidemiological threat.
金黄色葡萄球菌血流感染的及时治疗通常取决于已知的诊断检测方法,以区分甲氧西林敏感金黄色葡萄球菌(MSSA)和耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)。耐边界奥沙西林金黄色葡萄球菌(BORSA)是一种罕见的、非mecA介导的表型,其耐药机制尚不清楚,但可能会产生重大影响,因为它经常被误认为是MSSA,但表现得更像MRSA。我们对 MSSA 血流感染进行了回顾性分析,以确定 BORSA 的流行率。我院发现 BORSA 感染率为 0.1%,与文献报道一致。虽然流行率较低,但由于机制不明确和检测方法不可靠,BORSA 可能会对治疗和流行病学构成威胁。
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引用次数: 0
Assessing the state of infection prevention and control in cameroon: a cross-sectional workshop evaluation using socioecological models 评估喀麦隆的感染预防和控制状况:利用社会生态模型进行跨部门讲习班评估
IF 1.8 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2024-10-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.infpip.2024.100408

Objectives

Infection prevention and control (IPC) contributes to the reduction of healthcare associated infections. Notwithstanding the global attention with available guidelines and tools, low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) still struggle to put into place effective IPC programmes. Here, we use a socioecological approach to summarize the findings of a recent workshop on the implementation of IPC activities in Cameroon.

Study design

We conducted a cross-sectional study on the assessment of the IPC in Cameroon.

Methods

Experts and key stakeholders involved in IPC in Cameroon evaluated the implementation of infection prevention and control during a 4-day workshop. Detailed summaries of workshop discussions and recommendations were created. Data were clustered into themes guided by the WHO core component of IPC. Results were analyzed using the socioecological model of Bronfenbrenner, McLeroy and the theory of Grol and Wensing on successful implementation of practices in healthcare settings.

Results

Cameroon does not have an effective IPC programme in place but has developed some areas of the World Health Organization (WHO) IPC core components across the guideline level, the individual level, the organizational level, and the political level.

Conclusion

Cameroon is still far from the norms and standards laid out by the WHO. The evidence generated from the current analysis should contribute to improve policies and strategies towards an effective IPC programme in Cameroon and other LMICs.
感染预防与控制(IPC)有助于减少医疗相关感染。尽管全球都在关注现有的指南和工具,但中低收入国家(LMICs)仍在努力实施有效的 IPC 计划。在此,我们采用社会生态学的方法总结了最近在喀麦隆举办的关于实施 IPC 活动的研讨会的结果。研究设计我们对喀麦隆的 IPC 评估进行了横断面研究。编写了研讨会讨论和建议的详细摘要。在世界卫生组织 IPC 核心内容的指导下,对数据进行了主题分组。采用布朗芬布伦纳(Bronfenbrenner)、麦克勒罗伊(McLeroy)的社会生态模型以及格罗尔(Grol)和温辛格(Wensing)关于在医疗机构成功实施实践的理论对结果进行了分析。结果喀麦隆尚未制定有效的 IPC 计划,但已在指南层面、个人层面、组织层面和政治层面发展了世界卫生组织(WHO)IPC 核心组成部分的某些领域。当前分析得出的证据应有助于改进政策和战略,从而在喀麦隆和其他低收入和中等收入国家实施有效的 IPC 计划。
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引用次数: 0
‘The Law of Unintended Consequences’ – Staphylococcus aureus bloodstream infection complicating peripheral intravascular cannulation in an epilepsy monitoring unit 意外后果法则"--癫痫监护病房外周血管内插管并发金黄色葡萄球菌血流感染
IF 1.8 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2024-10-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.infpip.2024.100412
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引用次数: 0
Successful control of an outbreak of Panton–Valentine leucocidin positive meticillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus in a National Burns Unit through early detection by whole genome sequencing 通过全基因组测序及早发现耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌,成功控制国家烧伤科爆发潘通-瓦伦丁白细胞介素阳性耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌疫情
IF 1.8 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2024-09-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.infpip.2024.100400
We report an outbreak of PVL-producing MRSA in the Irish National Burns Unit in 2022 involving seven patients, two staff members and two positive environmental samples. This outbreak was successfully controlled using a range of measures including staff screening, environmental screening and enhanced cleaning. The use of real time whole genome sequencing (WGS) allowed for rapid identification of relatedness and for a rapid outbreak response. We share our successful approach to control this outbreak.
我们报告了 2022 年爱尔兰国家烧伤科爆发的 PVL 产 MRSA疫情,涉及 7 名患者、2 名工作人员和 2 份阳性环境样本。我们采取了一系列措施,包括员工筛查、环境筛查和加强清洁,成功控制了疫情。实时全基因组测序 (WGS) 的使用可快速识别相关性并快速应对疫情。我们分享了控制疫情的成功方法。
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引用次数: 0
Susceptibility patterns of Candida species collected from intensive care units in Portugal: a prospective study in 2020–2022 从葡萄牙重症监护室采集的念珠菌菌种的易感性模式:2020-2022 年前瞻性研究
IF 1.8 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2024-09-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.infpip.2024.100403

Background

For Candida infections antifungal therapy is often empirical and mainly depends on locally antifungal surveillance data, which differs between geographic regions.

Aims

To monitor the epidemiology and antifungal susceptibility of Candida spp. from combined axillar-groin samples in intensive care unit (ICU) patients on admission (day1, D1), day 5 (D5) and day 8 (D8).

Methods

From 2020 to 2022, 675 patients from three ICUs were enrolled. Candida isolates were identified by MALDI-TOF MS and PCR. In vitro antifungals susceptibility tests (AFST) were performed for fluconazole, voriconazole, amphotericin B and anidulafungin, by concentration gradient Etest® strip technique.

Results

Out of 988 swabs, 355 isolates were identified as Candida species from 232 patients, being 89 isolates retrieved from patients that remained colonised at D5 and D8. AFST was conducted for all Candida isolates. The overall rate of resistance to fluconazole was 2.7%, with 3 out of 133 C. albicans, 2 out of 89 C. parapsilosis and 2 out of 24 C. glabrata isolates identified as resistant. Voriconazole susceptibility was observed in 99.2% of the isolates, with only one C. albicans isolate identified as resistant to this triazole. All isolates were susceptible to amphotericin B and 98.5% to anidulafungin. Three Candida spp. exhibited resistance to anidulafungin, C. albicans, C. tropicalis, and C. parapsilosis.

Conclusions

This study highlights the importance of C. albicans as a frequent coloniser and showed that antifungal resistance remains uncommon among Candida isolates from ICUs in Portugal. The results may contribute to better management within institutions to guide therapeutic decision making.
Aims To monitor the epidemiology and antifungal susceptibility of Candida spp.从重症监护病房(ICU)患者入院(第1天,D1)、第5天(D5)和第8天(D8)的腋窝-胃液联合样本中监测念珠菌属的流行病学和抗真菌敏感性。通过 MALDI-TOF MS 和 PCR 鉴定念珠菌分离物。结果在 988 份拭子中,232 名患者的 355 份分离物被鉴定为念珠菌,其中 89 份分离物来自在第 5 天和第 8 天仍有定植的患者。对所有念珠菌分离物进行了 AFST 检测。对氟康唑的总体耐药率为 2.7%,133 个白色念珠菌分离株中有 3 个、89 个副丝状念珠菌分离株中有 2 个、24 个格氏念珠菌分离株中有 2 个被鉴定为耐药。99.2%的分离株对伏立康唑有敏感性,只有一个白僵菌分离株对该三唑类药物有抗药性。所有分离株都对两性霉素 B 敏感,98.5%对阿尼芬净敏感。该研究强调了白念珠菌作为一种常见定植菌的重要性,并表明抗真菌耐药性在葡萄牙重症监护病房分离出的念珠菌中仍不常见。研究结果可能有助于改善医疗机构的管理,为治疗决策提供指导。
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引用次数: 0
Antibiotic prophylaxis practice in gastrointestinal surgery in five hospitals in southern Benin 贝宁南部五家医院胃肠道手术中的抗生素预防措施
IF 1.8 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2024-09-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.infpip.2024.100405

Background

Benin's healthcare system is characterized by a lack of local guidelines for surgical antibiotic prophylaxis (SAP), which is essential to prevent surgical site infection.

Aim

To audit compliance for SAP practices in gastrointestinal surgery.

Methods

Data were prospectively collected from gastrointestinal surgery departments in five hospitals. Over a four month period, SAP was assessed using five conventional criteria (indication, choice of antibiotic, dosage, timing, and duration of administration) among patients admitted for Altemeier class 1 or 2 procedures. Three guidelines were used as reference: World Health Organization (WHO), American Society of Health-System Pharmacists (ASHP)and French Society of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine (SFAR).

Findings

Of 68 surgical interventions, overall compliance with WHO, ASHP, and SFAR was observed in zero (0.0%), one case (1.5%) and two cases (2.9%), respectively. Compliance with indication varied according to the guidelines: 65 (95.6%) were compliant with WHO and ASHP and 47 cases (69.11%) with SFAR. Among compliant cases, the antibiotics administered were rarely selected according to guidelines: WHO, 2 (2.9%) and ASHP, 2 (2.9%), and SFAR, 3 (4.4%). Drug dosage compliance varied from 20 (29.4%) (SFAR) to 49 (72.0%) (ASHP). Timings were respected in 47 (69.1%; WHO), 45 (66.2%; ASHP) and 9 cases (13.2%; SFAR). The number of cases compliant with antibiotic prophylaxis duration were 13 (19.1%; WHO), 17 (25.0%; ASHP) and 16 (23.5%; SFAR).

Conclusion

The SAP compliance rate in gastrointestinal surgery based on the five conventional criteria was very low. SAP guidelines must be implemented appropriately for local bacteriological epidemiology.
背景贝宁医疗系统的特点是缺乏手术抗生素预防(SAP)的地方指南,而这对于预防手术部位感染至关重要。在四个月的时间内,采用五项常规标准(适应症、抗生素选择、剂量、给药时间和持续时间)对接受 Altemeier 1 级或 2 级手术的患者进行 SAP 评估。参考了三份指南:在 68 例手术干预中,符合世界卫生组织(WHO)、美国卫生系统药剂师协会(ASHP)和法国麻醉与重症监护医学会(SFAR)标准的病例分别为 0 例(0.0%)、1 例(1.5%)和 2 例(2.9%)。不同指南对适应症的遵守情况各不相同:65例(95.6%)符合WHO和ASHP标准,47例(69.11%)符合SFAR标准。在符合要求的病例中,很少根据指南选择抗生素:符合 WHO 和 ASHP 标准的病例分别为 2 例(2.9%)和 2 例(2.9%),符合 SFAR 标准的病例为 3 例(4.4%)。遵守药物剂量规定的情况从 20 例(29.4%)(SFAR)到 49 例(72.0%)(ASHP)不等。47例(69.1%;WHO)、45例(66.2%;ASHP)和9例(13.2%;SFAR)遵守了用药时间。符合抗生素预防期限的病例数分别为 13 例(19.1%;WHO)、17 例(25.0%;ASHP)和 16 例(23.5%;SFAR)。必须根据当地的细菌流行病学情况适当执行 SAP 指南。
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引用次数: 0
Changes in entire acute bronchiolitis seasons before, during, and after the COVID-19 pandemic in Spain 西班牙 COVID-19 大流行之前、期间和之后整个急性支气管炎季节的变化
IF 1.8 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2024-09-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.infpip.2024.100399

Background

Paediatric acute bronchiolitis normally occurs from October to April in the temperate northern hemisphere, peaking in January. Nonpharmacological measures to control the spread of COVID-19 resulted in a decrease in the number of cases of bronchiolitis during the 2020–21 season. The discontinuation of these measures created an uncertain scenario.

Aim

To describe the epidemiological evolution of acute bronchiolitis seasons and the changes in the demographics of the affected population before, during, and after the implementation of nonpharmacological interventions for COVID-19 in Spain.

Methods

This was a multicentre and descriptive study. A total of 6,334 infants aged up to 12 months who were diagnosed with acute bronchiolitis were recruited from sixteen Spanish hospitals. We collected data from participants from September 1st, 2021, through August 31st, 2023, as part of the ECEALHBA research project. The study periods were before (P1), during (P2), and after (P3) the COVID-19 pandemic.

Findings

In P2 and after the discontinuation of nonpharmacological interventions, an unexpected increase in the number of acute bronchiolitis cases was observed from June–August 2021, resulting in an out-of-season peak. A subsequent peak was observed in November 2021, earlier than expected for the 2021-22 season. In the 2022-23 season, admissions followed a historical trend, with a greater number of cases than in the two previous seasons. Statistically significant differences in the length of stay (p<0.001), number of RSV infections (p=0.021), and number of paediatric intensive care unit admissions (p<0.001) were observed among the periods.

Conclusions

Two out-of-season peaks in the number of acute bronchiolitis cases were observed in 2020–2021 and 2021–2022. However, following the relaxation of nonpharmacological intervention measures, the peak observed in 2022–2023, although occurring 2–6 weeks earlier, was more similar to the peaks observed in the prepandemic seasons. Additionally, increased case severity was observed during these periods.
背景小儿急性支气管炎通常发生在北半球温带地区的10月至次年4月,在1月达到高峰。为控制 COVID-19 的传播而采取的非药物措施导致 2020-21 年度支气管炎病例数减少。目的描述在西班牙对 COVID-19 实施非药物干预措施之前、期间和之后,急性支气管炎季节的流行病学演变和受影响人群的人口统计学变化。我们从西班牙 16 家医院共招募了 6334 名被诊断患有急性支气管炎的 12 个月以下婴儿。作为 ECEALHBA 研究项目的一部分,我们收集了 2021 年 9 月 1 日至 2023 年 8 月 31 日期间参与者的数据。研究期间分别为 COVID-19 大流行之前(P1)、期间(P2)和之后(P3)。研究结果在 P2 和停止非药物干预之后,2021 年 6 月至 8 月期间急性支气管炎病例数量意外增加,形成季节外高峰。随后在 2021 年 11 月又出现了一个高峰,早于 2021-22 年度的预期。在 2022-23 季度,入院病例数沿袭了历史趋势,多于前两个季度。不同时期的住院时间(p<0.001)、RSV 感染人数(p=0.021)和儿科重症监护室入院人数(p<0.001)均存在统计学差异。然而,在放宽非药物干预措施后,2022-2023 年观察到的高峰虽然提前了 2-6 周,但与流行前季节观察到的高峰更为相似。此外,在这些时期还观察到病例严重程度增加。
{"title":"Changes in entire acute bronchiolitis seasons before, during, and after the COVID-19 pandemic in Spain","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.infpip.2024.100399","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.infpip.2024.100399","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Paediatric acute bronchiolitis normally occurs from October to April in the temperate northern hemisphere, peaking in January. Nonpharmacological measures to control the spread of COVID-19 resulted in a decrease in the number of cases of bronchiolitis during the 2020–21 season. The discontinuation of these measures created an uncertain scenario.</div></div><div><h3>Aim</h3><div>To describe the epidemiological evolution of acute bronchiolitis seasons and the changes in the demographics of the affected population before, during, and after the implementation of nonpharmacological interventions for COVID-19 in Spain.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This was a multicentre and descriptive study. A total of 6,334 infants aged up to 12 months who were diagnosed with acute bronchiolitis were recruited from sixteen Spanish hospitals. We collected data from participants from September 1st, 2021, through August 31st, 2023, as part of the ECEALHBA research project. The study periods were before (P1), during (P2), and after (P3) the COVID-19 pandemic.</div></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><div>In P2 and after the discontinuation of nonpharmacological interventions, an unexpected increase in the number of acute bronchiolitis cases was observed from June–August 2021, resulting in an out-of-season peak. A subsequent peak was observed in November 2021, earlier than expected for the 2021-22 season. In the 2022-23 season, admissions followed a historical trend, with a greater number of cases than in the two previous seasons. Statistically significant differences in the length of stay (p&lt;0.001), number of RSV infections (p=0.021), and number of paediatric intensive care unit admissions (p&lt;0.001) were observed among the periods.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Two out-of-season peaks in the number of acute bronchiolitis cases were observed in 2020–2021 and 2021–2022. However, following the relaxation of nonpharmacological intervention measures, the peak observed in 2022–2023, although occurring 2–6 weeks earlier, was more similar to the peaks observed in the prepandemic seasons. Additionally, increased case severity was observed during these periods.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":33492,"journal":{"name":"Infection Prevention in Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142422317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Nosocomial meningitis diagnostic test characteristics: a systematic review 非典型脑膜炎诊断测试的特点:系统综述
IF 1.8 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2024-09-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.infpip.2024.100402

Background

The incidence of nosocomial meningitis, and utility of lumbar puncture, is unclear in hospitalized patients without preceding neurosurgery or head trauma.

Aim

We planned for a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate accuracy of clinical features and diagnostic utility of lumbar puncture in nosocomial meningitis.

Methods

We searched MEDLINE, MEDLINE In-Process/ePubs, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and Web of Science from inception until June 5, 2024. We included studies evaluating utility of clinical features, or lumbar puncture, to rule out nosocomial meningitis in patients without preceding neurosurgery or head trauma. We excluded studies examining community acquired meningitis, outbreaks, HIV positive individuals, and case reports. Outcomes included incidence, risk factors and diagnostic accuracy of clinical features for nosocomial meningitis, and lumbar puncture complications. Given few included studies and heterogeneity, we could only summarize incidence of nosocomial meningitis.

Findings

Of 13,302 citations, we reviewed 197 manuscripts and included 6. There were 23 of 333 (6.9%, very low certainty) positive lumbar punctures among individuals who underwent lumbar puncture to rule out nosocomial meningitis.

Conclusions

There were insufficient data to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of lumbar puncture in nosocomial meningitis in patients without preceding neurosurgery or head trauma. Very low certainty evidence indicates the incidence of nosocomial meningitis is low in this population. Given complications and costs associated with lumbar puncture, future studies should evaluate its utility in nosocomial meningitis. In the meantime, it may be reasonable to reserve lumbar puncture to instances of high suspicion.
背景在没有接受过神经外科手术或头部外伤的住院患者中,院内脑膜炎的发病率和腰椎穿刺的效用尚不明确。目的我们计划进行一项系统综述和荟萃分析,以评估临床特征的准确性和腰椎穿刺在院内脑膜炎中的诊断效用。方法我们检索了从开始到 2024 年 6 月 5 日的 MEDLINE、MEDLINE In-Process/ePubs、EMBASE、Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials、Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 和 Web of Science。我们纳入的研究评估了临床特征或腰椎穿刺对排除未接受过神经外科手术或头部外伤患者的鼻源性脑膜炎的效用。我们排除了对社区获得性脑膜炎、疫情爆发、HIV 阳性个体以及病例报告进行研究的结果。研究结果包括鼻疽性脑膜炎的发病率、风险因素、临床特征诊断的准确性以及腰椎穿刺并发症。由于纳入的研究较少且存在异质性,我们只能总结出鼻疽性脑膜炎的发病率。研究结果在 13,302 篇引文中,我们审阅了 197 篇手稿,纳入了 6 篇。结论没有足够的数据评估腰椎穿刺对既往未接受过神经外科手术或头部外伤的患者患上院内脑膜炎的诊断准确性。确定性极低的证据表明,这类人群的鼻腔脑膜炎发病率较低。考虑到腰椎穿刺的并发症和成本,未来的研究应评估其在非病原性脑膜炎中的作用。同时,在高度怀疑的情况下保留腰椎穿刺可能是合理的。
{"title":"Nosocomial meningitis diagnostic test characteristics: a systematic review","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.infpip.2024.100402","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.infpip.2024.100402","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The incidence of nosocomial meningitis, and utility of lumbar puncture, is unclear in hospitalized patients without preceding neurosurgery or head trauma.</div></div><div><h3>Aim</h3><div>We planned for a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate accuracy of clinical features and diagnostic utility of lumbar puncture in nosocomial meningitis.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We searched MEDLINE, MEDLINE In-Process/ePubs, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and Web of Science from inception until June 5, 2024. We included studies evaluating utility of clinical features, or lumbar puncture, to rule out nosocomial meningitis in patients without preceding neurosurgery or head trauma. We excluded studies examining community acquired meningitis, outbreaks, HIV positive individuals, and case reports. Outcomes included incidence, risk factors and diagnostic accuracy of clinical features for nosocomial meningitis, and lumbar puncture complications. Given few included studies and heterogeneity, we could only summarize incidence of nosocomial meningitis.</div></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><div>Of 13,302 citations, we reviewed 197 manuscripts and included 6. There were 23 of 333 (6.9%, very low certainty) positive lumbar punctures among individuals who underwent lumbar puncture to rule out nosocomial meningitis.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>There were insufficient data to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of lumbar puncture in nosocomial meningitis in patients without preceding neurosurgery or head trauma. Very low certainty evidence indicates the incidence of nosocomial meningitis is low in this population. Given complications and costs associated with lumbar puncture, future studies should evaluate its utility in nosocomial meningitis. In the meantime, it may be reasonable to reserve lumbar puncture to instances of high suspicion.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":33492,"journal":{"name":"Infection Prevention in Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142422316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Water, sanitation, hygiene, and waste management in primary healthcare facilities in war-torn Tigray, Ethiopia: implications for infection prevention and control 埃塞俄比亚受战争蹂躏的提格雷地区初级保健设施中的水、环境卫生、个人卫生和废物管理:对感染预防和控制的影响
IF 1.8 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2024-09-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.infpip.2024.100397

Background

Water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) and infection prevention and control (IPC) are compromised during emergencies and in the post-conflict period. The IPC-WASH status of primary healthcare facilities in Tigray, Ethiopia, is not known. The aim of the study was to assess the IPC-WASH status of facilities in war-torn Tigray, Ethiopia.

Methods

As part of a cross-sectional study, data were collected from January to February 2024 in 32 randomly selected primary healthcare facilities using an electronic Open Data Kit (ODK) based on a questionnaire. A descriptive analysis was conducted to describe the IPC-WASH services. The analyzed data were compared with the Joint Monitoring Program (JMP) service ladders and presented in texts, figures and tables.

Results

Nearly seven out of ten primary healthcare facilities had improved water sources, nine out of ten had latrines with limited sanitation facilities, and four out of ten had handwashing facilities. Eight out of ten facilities had no access to personal protective equipment, and most facilities surveyed had very limited waste management services, IPC capacity building and IPC committee. According to JMP service ladders, almost one in four primary healthcare facilities had basic water supply, one in ten had basic sanitation, basic hygiene and basic waste disposal.

Conclusions

The overall result of the study shows that access to IPC-WASH is low in primary healthcare facilities in war-torn Tigray, Ethiopia. Collaborative efforts to improve access to basic IPC-WASH facilities and IPC capacity building are essential to improve the quality of care.
背景水、环境卫生和个人卫生(WASH)以及感染预防和控制(IPC)在紧急情况下和冲突后时期受到损害。埃塞俄比亚提格雷地区初级卫生保健设施的 IPC-WASH 状况尚不清楚。作为横断面研究的一部分,研究人员于 2024 年 1 月至 2 月使用基于调查问卷的电子开放数据包 (ODK) 收集了 32 家随机抽取的初级医疗保健机构的数据。研究人员对IPC-WASH服务进行了描述性分析。分析数据与联合监测计划(JMP)的服务阶梯进行了比较,并以文字、数字和表格的形式呈现。十家医疗机构中有八家没有个人防护设备,接受调查的大多数医疗机构的废物管理服务、IPC 能力建设和 IPC 委员会都非常有限。根据 JMP 服务阶梯,几乎每四家初级医疗保健机构中就有一家拥有基本的供水设施,每十家中就有一家拥有基本的卫生设施、基本的个人卫生和基本的废物处理设施。为改善基本的 IPC-WASH 设施和 IPC 能力建设所做的共同努力对于提高医疗质量至关重要。
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引用次数: 0
Determinants of transmission prevention behavior among Tuberculosis patients in Surabaya, Indonesia 印度尼西亚泗水肺结核患者预防传播行为的决定因素
IF 1.8 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2024-09-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.infpip.2024.100404

Background

Tuberculosis (TB) is associated with significant morbidity and mortality, causing significant health challenges globally. Meanwhile, Indonesia ranks second worldwide in terms of TB prevalence, with East Java being among the most affected provinces. Surabaya, in particular, a major city reported approximately 4.628 cases in 2021, underscoring the urgent need to prevent transmission through behavior of patients. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze determinants of transmission behavior among TB patients in Surabaya, Indonesia.

Methods

The methodology used in this study was a cross-sectional design and the participants were 144 TB patients at three community health centers in Surabaya, selected using simple random sampling. Variables including knowledge level, supportive behavior, and medication adherence were analyzed and data collection was carried out using a structured questionnaire. Additionally, data analysis was performed with statistical methods to determine the significance of variables.

Results

The results showed that knowledge (P-value = <0.001), supportive behavior (P-value = 0.001), and medication adherence (P-value = 0.004) had a significant effect on transmission prevention behavior among TB patients.

Conclusion

Based on our results, it was concluded that higher knowledge level, supportive behavior, and medication adherence had a significant correlation with increased social support provided by patients in preventing and controlling TB transmission. Therefore, there is a need to implement targeted programs to enhance prevention behavior.
背景肺结核(TB)与严重的发病率和死亡率相关,在全球范围内造成了重大的健康挑战。与此同时,印度尼西亚的结核病发病率在全球排名第二,东爪哇省是受影响最严重的省份之一。尤其是泗水,这座大城市在 2021 年报告了约 4628 例病例,这凸显了通过患者行为预防传播的迫切性。因此,本研究旨在分析印度尼西亚泗水肺结核患者传播行为的决定因素。方法本研究采用横断面设计,参与者为泗水三个社区医疗中心的 144 名肺结核患者,采用简单随机抽样法选出。研究分析了包括知识水平、支持行为和服药依从性在内的变量,并使用结构化问卷进行了数据收集。结果结果显示,知识水平(P 值 = <0.001)、支持行为(P 值 = 0.001)和服药依从性(P 值 = 0.004)对肺结核患者的传播预防行为有显著影响。因此,有必要实施有针对性的计划来加强预防行为。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Infection Prevention in Practice
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