Pub Date : 2019-03-13DOI: 10.1109/IBCAST.2019.8667234
Muhammad Saqib, M. Arif, Rehan Akmal
Technologies and topologies used in the design and fabrication of high power amplifiers are considered deciding factor in the size, cost and performance of Transmit / Receive modules (TRMs) of modern Active Electronically Scanned Array (AESA) radar. In this paper, a survey of contemporary semiconductor technologies like Si, SiC, GaAs, GaN, SiGe and InP for the design and fabrication of transmit path of TRM has been presented. TRM architectures and packaging technologies are also reviewed in terms of ease of implementation with optimum outcome. GaN MMIC has been found as the latest trending technology for TRM transmit path due to higher power densities, reliability, lower cost per watt production, and higher efficiencies with ease of implementation. Multiple MMICs integrated in suitable packaging technology-based hybrid approach has been found as one of the cost-effective solutions with high end results in the design of TRM.
{"title":"Comparative Survey of Techniques and Technologies Used in Transmit Path of Transmit Receive Module of AESA Radar","authors":"Muhammad Saqib, M. Arif, Rehan Akmal","doi":"10.1109/IBCAST.2019.8667234","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IBCAST.2019.8667234","url":null,"abstract":"Technologies and topologies used in the design and fabrication of high power amplifiers are considered deciding factor in the size, cost and performance of Transmit / Receive modules (TRMs) of modern Active Electronically Scanned Array (AESA) radar. In this paper, a survey of contemporary semiconductor technologies like Si, SiC, GaAs, GaN, SiGe and InP for the design and fabrication of transmit path of TRM has been presented. TRM architectures and packaging technologies are also reviewed in terms of ease of implementation with optimum outcome. GaN MMIC has been found as the latest trending technology for TRM transmit path due to higher power densities, reliability, lower cost per watt production, and higher efficiencies with ease of implementation. Multiple MMICs integrated in suitable packaging technology-based hybrid approach has been found as one of the cost-effective solutions with high end results in the design of TRM.","PeriodicalId":335329,"journal":{"name":"2019 16th International Bhurban Conference on Applied Sciences and Technology (IBCAST)","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121259599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.1109/IBCAST.2019.8667213
B. Shaukat, H. Ameen, S. Husain, M. Farooq Zafar, A. Nigar
Currently, nanocomposites are at the forefront of research due to the synergistic effect of combined components, large surface area, and higher thermal stability. Zinc oxide (ZnO) is an interesting material which in combination with alumina (Al2O3), can provide good photocatalytic properties along with optical properties. This study focuses on the synthesis and characterization of aluminum modified ZnO powder using chemical precipitation method. Three samples were synthesized each with varying mole ratios of Al2O3 and ZnO. X-ray diffraction (XRD) was conducted on three samples which confirmed the presence of ZnO along with Al2O3. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) was performed to observe the morphologies of the samples. It was revealed that the ZnO nanoparticles and nanorods were clustered together to form microspheres and brush like structures, respectively. Elemental composition of the composite sample was obtained through energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) which determined the varying aluminum percentage in different structures. It was determined that the aluminum doping resulted in poor crystallinity of ZnO nanoparticles while allowing higher absorption in UV range.
{"title":"Synthesis and characterization of aluminum modified zinc oxide powder","authors":"B. Shaukat, H. Ameen, S. Husain, M. Farooq Zafar, A. Nigar","doi":"10.1109/IBCAST.2019.8667213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IBCAST.2019.8667213","url":null,"abstract":"Currently, nanocomposites are at the forefront of research due to the synergistic effect of combined components, large surface area, and higher thermal stability. Zinc oxide (ZnO) is an interesting material which in combination with alumina (Al2O3), can provide good photocatalytic properties along with optical properties. This study focuses on the synthesis and characterization of aluminum modified ZnO powder using chemical precipitation method. Three samples were synthesized each with varying mole ratios of Al2O3 and ZnO. X-ray diffraction (XRD) was conducted on three samples which confirmed the presence of ZnO along with Al2O3. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) was performed to observe the morphologies of the samples. It was revealed that the ZnO nanoparticles and nanorods were clustered together to form microspheres and brush like structures, respectively. Elemental composition of the composite sample was obtained through energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) which determined the varying aluminum percentage in different structures. It was determined that the aluminum doping resulted in poor crystallinity of ZnO nanoparticles while allowing higher absorption in UV range.","PeriodicalId":335329,"journal":{"name":"2019 16th International Bhurban Conference on Applied Sciences and Technology (IBCAST)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116922591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.1109/IBCAST.2019.8667230
A. Riaz, Ajmal Shah, A. Basit, M. Iqbal
In this paper, variation of local heat transfer coefficient from the surface of cylindrical heat source both in vertical as well as horizontal configuration has been determined through experimentation. Fourteen experiments were performed in an air quiescent medium in the laminar range to completely expedite the problem. Each experiment was repeated thrice to calculate precision of the data under steady state condition. This study includes the designing and manufacturing of heat sources, calibration of sensors, installation of thermocouples to measure surface temperature and obtaining of experimental results in the form of local dimensionless numbers. For experimentation, aluminum cylindrical heat source having 5.1 cm diameter and 31 cm lengths was employed. During experimentation, convective heat flux was varied from 9.39 w⁄m−2 to 638.99 w ⁄m−2 and maximum recorded temperature difference was 87.24 K for vertical heat source configuration and 116.49 K for horizontal configuration. Study shows that for vertical heat source configuration, local Nusselt number decreases from bottom to certain height and then increases; this is due to end losses. While in horizontal configuration of heat source, local Nusselt number is found maximum at the bottom and minimum at the top of the heat source. At the end, results were compared with the published data and were found satisfactory.
本文通过实验确定了圆柱热源表面在垂直和水平两种构型下的局部换热系数的变化规律。在层流范围内的空气静态介质中进行了14次实验，以完全简化问题。每个实验重复三次，计算稳态条件下数据的精度。本研究包括热源的设计与制造、传感器的校准、热电偶的安装以测量表面温度以及以局部无量纲数形式获得实验结果。实验采用直径5.1 cm、长31 cm的铝圆柱热源。实验过程中，对流热流密度在9.39 ~ 638.99 w / m−2之间变化，垂直热源配置的最大温差为87.24 K，水平热源配置的最大温差为116.49 K。研究表明，对于垂直热源配置，局部努塞尔数从底部到一定高度先减小后增大;这是由于期末损失。水平热源配置时，局部努塞尔数在热源底部最大，在热源顶部最小。最后，将结果与已发表的数据进行了比较，结果令人满意。
{"title":"Experimental Study of Laminar Natural Convection Heat Transfer from Slender Circular Cylinder in Air Quiescent Medium","authors":"A. Riaz, Ajmal Shah, A. Basit, M. Iqbal","doi":"10.1109/IBCAST.2019.8667230","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IBCAST.2019.8667230","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, variation of local heat transfer coefficient from the surface of cylindrical heat source both in vertical as well as horizontal configuration has been determined through experimentation. Fourteen experiments were performed in an air quiescent medium in the laminar range to completely expedite the problem. Each experiment was repeated thrice to calculate precision of the data under steady state condition. This study includes the designing and manufacturing of heat sources, calibration of sensors, installation of thermocouples to measure surface temperature and obtaining of experimental results in the form of local dimensionless numbers. For experimentation, aluminum cylindrical heat source having 5.1 cm diameter and 31 cm lengths was employed. During experimentation, convective heat flux was varied from 9.39 w⁄m−2 to 638.99 w ⁄m−2 and maximum recorded temperature difference was 87.24 K for vertical heat source configuration and 116.49 K for horizontal configuration. Study shows that for vertical heat source configuration, local Nusselt number decreases from bottom to certain height and then increases; this is due to end losses. While in horizontal configuration of heat source, local Nusselt number is found maximum at the bottom and minimum at the top of the heat source. At the end, results were compared with the published data and were found satisfactory.","PeriodicalId":335329,"journal":{"name":"2019 16th International Bhurban Conference on Applied Sciences and Technology (IBCAST)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125530682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.1109/IBCAST.2019.8667117
M. Zahid, I. Hussain, M. F. Iqbal
Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is the foremost parameter which provides insight into the design and performance of any receiver. The pulse parameters accuracy and probability of detection of a receiver are directly estimated by calculating the SNR. Measurement of SNRRf (SNR at RF level) and SNRvideo(SNR at video level) in analog receivers has brought much disagreement among different authors. This paper presents a straightforward methodology for estimating the SNRRf and SNRvideo in microwave receivers in both theoretical and practical sense. The calculations and practical experiments are performed by employing successive detector log video amplifier (SDLVA) receiver which is the basic component used in electronic warfare (EW) systems for transforming radio frequency (RF) signals into a baseband (video) signals. The relation between SNRRf and SNRvideo is explained and a new formulation is proposed for the noise limited case of SDLVA. The proposed methodology is validated by using a broadband SDLVA receiver having an operational frequency as 2 - 18 GHz, video logging slope as 50 mV/dB, and dynamic range as 75 dB. In general, the proposed method can be employed to estimate SNR of any microwave receiver.
{"title":"Realistic Estimation of Signal-to-Noise Ratio in Microwave Receivers","authors":"M. Zahid, I. Hussain, M. F. Iqbal","doi":"10.1109/IBCAST.2019.8667117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IBCAST.2019.8667117","url":null,"abstract":"Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is the foremost parameter which provides insight into the design and performance of any receiver. The pulse parameters accuracy and probability of detection of a receiver are directly estimated by calculating the SNR. Measurement of SNRRf (SNR at RF level) and SNRvideo(SNR at video level) in analog receivers has brought much disagreement among different authors. This paper presents a straightforward methodology for estimating the SNRRf and SNRvideo in microwave receivers in both theoretical and practical sense. The calculations and practical experiments are performed by employing successive detector log video amplifier (SDLVA) receiver which is the basic component used in electronic warfare (EW) systems for transforming radio frequency (RF) signals into a baseband (video) signals. The relation between SNRRf and SNRvideo is explained and a new formulation is proposed for the noise limited case of SDLVA. The proposed methodology is validated by using a broadband SDLVA receiver having an operational frequency as 2 - 18 GHz, video logging slope as 50 mV/dB, and dynamic range as 75 dB. In general, the proposed method can be employed to estimate SNR of any microwave receiver.","PeriodicalId":335329,"journal":{"name":"2019 16th International Bhurban Conference on Applied Sciences and Technology (IBCAST)","volume":"286 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116559213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.1109/IBCAST.2019.8667226
Muhammad Muzamil, Jianjun Wu, M. Samiuddin, A. Majeed, Ali Waqas
It is evident for heat treatable aluminum alloys, that a great reduction in mechanical properties was reported against the fusion arc welding process. This is considered an utmost industrial issue and direct usage of critical components in the automobile and aerospace industries are not acceptable without performing any post process that reclaims the properties up to a certain limit. The AA6061 aluminum alloy was considered as a base material and ER4047 as filler utilized in the GTAW process at constant parameters. After welding, all the specimens were solution treated at 500°C for 2 hours, age hardening cycle was performed at different temperatures ranging from 135-195°C at an interval of 30°C difference with considering prolong aging time of 7, 10 and 13 hours. A microstructure based comparison has been presented in the welded zone (WZ) at each combination of aging temperature and time. A change in mechanical properties has been observed due to dissolution and aging of precipitates in the WZ and heat affected zone (HAZ). A stage-wise comparison of hardness in the WZ and HAZ represented the gradual recovery in mechanical properties. Higher values of hardness and recovery were concluded in HAZ which is actually a heat treatable sensitive (AA6061) region and, up to 80.2% in contrast to BM was recorded. A significant improvement in WZ against the age hardening is also reported, up to 71% of hardness recorded but still less than HAZ. Therefore, it is considered to be an effective strategy to regain the acceptable range of mechanical properties in the affected zones.
{"title":"Effect of age hardening to reclaim mechanical properties at different levels of temperature with prolong holding time on GTAW weldments","authors":"Muhammad Muzamil, Jianjun Wu, M. Samiuddin, A. Majeed, Ali Waqas","doi":"10.1109/IBCAST.2019.8667226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IBCAST.2019.8667226","url":null,"abstract":"It is evident for heat treatable aluminum alloys, that a great reduction in mechanical properties was reported against the fusion arc welding process. This is considered an utmost industrial issue and direct usage of critical components in the automobile and aerospace industries are not acceptable without performing any post process that reclaims the properties up to a certain limit. The AA6061 aluminum alloy was considered as a base material and ER4047 as filler utilized in the GTAW process at constant parameters. After welding, all the specimens were solution treated at 500°C for 2 hours, age hardening cycle was performed at different temperatures ranging from 135-195°C at an interval of 30°C difference with considering prolong aging time of 7, 10 and 13 hours. A microstructure based comparison has been presented in the welded zone (WZ) at each combination of aging temperature and time. A change in mechanical properties has been observed due to dissolution and aging of precipitates in the WZ and heat affected zone (HAZ). A stage-wise comparison of hardness in the WZ and HAZ represented the gradual recovery in mechanical properties. Higher values of hardness and recovery were concluded in HAZ which is actually a heat treatable sensitive (AA6061) region and, up to 80.2% in contrast to BM was recorded. A significant improvement in WZ against the age hardening is also reported, up to 71% of hardness recorded but still less than HAZ. Therefore, it is considered to be an effective strategy to regain the acceptable range of mechanical properties in the affected zones.","PeriodicalId":335329,"journal":{"name":"2019 16th International Bhurban Conference on Applied Sciences and Technology (IBCAST)","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121988627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.1109/IBCAST.2019.8666963
M. Jawad, Yasir Iqbal, Nouman Sarwar, F. Siddiqui
The Complex Low Probability of Intercept (LPI) radars use different pulse modulation schemes as an effective antijamming feature. A bandwidth based modulation recognition algorithm was proposed in literature, which relies on bandwidths comparison of the intercepted signal and its mth order. This paper develops an improved algorithm to find the optimized data segment length for high performance of bandwidth based modulation recognition algorithm. For real time estimations, only a segment of the long intercepted pulse is processed. The chosen length of the data segment highly depends on the specified range of pulse compression ratio and pulse width. The improved algorithm analyzes the impact of chirp rate on selection of the data segment length and attains high detection performance by proposing a limiting condition. It has been concluded through simulations that if the proposed limiting condition on chosen data segment length and signal’s bandwidth is satisfied, high probability of modulation recognition is achieved.
{"title":"Modulation Characteristics Analysis of the LPI Radar Pulses under non-Cooperative Estimation","authors":"M. Jawad, Yasir Iqbal, Nouman Sarwar, F. Siddiqui","doi":"10.1109/IBCAST.2019.8666963","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IBCAST.2019.8666963","url":null,"abstract":"The Complex Low Probability of Intercept (LPI) radars use different pulse modulation schemes as an effective antijamming feature. A bandwidth based modulation recognition algorithm was proposed in literature, which relies on bandwidths comparison of the intercepted signal and its mth order. This paper develops an improved algorithm to find the optimized data segment length for high performance of bandwidth based modulation recognition algorithm. For real time estimations, only a segment of the long intercepted pulse is processed. The chosen length of the data segment highly depends on the specified range of pulse compression ratio and pulse width. The improved algorithm analyzes the impact of chirp rate on selection of the data segment length and attains high detection performance by proposing a limiting condition. It has been concluded through simulations that if the proposed limiting condition on chosen data segment length and signal’s bandwidth is satisfied, high probability of modulation recognition is achieved.","PeriodicalId":335329,"journal":{"name":"2019 16th International Bhurban Conference on Applied Sciences and Technology (IBCAST)","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128335207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.1109/IBCAST.2019.8667256
Muhammad Tayyab Ehsan, A. Anwar, Faaiz Ahsan, M. A. Ur Rehman, M. Kamran
The electricity has become vital source of energy to almost every kind of load existing in nature, hence a need arises to provide energy to load at its full potential without the wastage of power. In order to achieve such, we need to improve power factor which occurs due to phase shift between voltage and current. This article includes a new implementation method to improve power factor for both leading and lagging loads using PIC Microcontroller after determining their zero crossing locations of voltage and current waveforms by zero cross detectors (ZCD). Capacitive and inductive banks are used for the compensation of power factor according to nature of load which is determined based on microcontroller algorithm. After power factor compensation the proposed method improved apparent power approximately from 18 to 40 percent.
{"title":"Pic Microcontroller Based Power Factor Correction for both Leading and Lagging Loads using Compensation Method","authors":"Muhammad Tayyab Ehsan, A. Anwar, Faaiz Ahsan, M. A. Ur Rehman, M. Kamran","doi":"10.1109/IBCAST.2019.8667256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IBCAST.2019.8667256","url":null,"abstract":"The electricity has become vital source of energy to almost every kind of load existing in nature, hence a need arises to provide energy to load at its full potential without the wastage of power. In order to achieve such, we need to improve power factor which occurs due to phase shift between voltage and current. This article includes a new implementation method to improve power factor for both leading and lagging loads using PIC Microcontroller after determining their zero crossing locations of voltage and current waveforms by zero cross detectors (ZCD). Capacitive and inductive banks are used for the compensation of power factor according to nature of load which is determined based on microcontroller algorithm. After power factor compensation the proposed method improved apparent power approximately from 18 to 40 percent.","PeriodicalId":335329,"journal":{"name":"2019 16th International Bhurban Conference on Applied Sciences and Technology (IBCAST)","volume":"10868 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114513022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.1109/IBCAST.2019.8667190
A. Durrani, M. Khurram, H. R. Khan
With changing climate, heatstroke has proved to be disastrous for few countries especially. The dwellers of different areas are not warned of the consequences to come specifically in their areas as they are told the average of the whole city, while temperature varies at different altitudes and over short distances. The solution provided in the paper, is a smart weather station that not only monitor weather data but also predict it and generate instant alerts for dwellers of different areas, to help them be warned of the future hazard, using the combination of Internet of things and Machine Learning. It is deployed with different sensors that collect weather data from the environment, which are sent to cloud, where predictions are made, for which certain neural network models have been compared to find out which gives the most accurate results. Those values, as well as the real-time values can be displayed on the mobile Application 24/7. Also, alerts are generated in the form of Tweets, which are accessible to everyone, as shown in Figure-1. It is also discovered that Nonlinear Autoregressive Exogenous Neural Network (NARXNET) Algorithm is the best to be implemented for prediction of Weather, with the mean squared error of 0.084% in 1.55 seconds for training a model and producing predictions for next 24 hours.
{"title":"Smart Weather Alert System for dwellers of different Areas","authors":"A. Durrani, M. Khurram, H. R. Khan","doi":"10.1109/IBCAST.2019.8667190","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IBCAST.2019.8667190","url":null,"abstract":"With changing climate, heatstroke has proved to be disastrous for few countries especially. The dwellers of different areas are not warned of the consequences to come specifically in their areas as they are told the average of the whole city, while temperature varies at different altitudes and over short distances. The solution provided in the paper, is a smart weather station that not only monitor weather data but also predict it and generate instant alerts for dwellers of different areas, to help them be warned of the future hazard, using the combination of Internet of things and Machine Learning. It is deployed with different sensors that collect weather data from the environment, which are sent to cloud, where predictions are made, for which certain neural network models have been compared to find out which gives the most accurate results. Those values, as well as the real-time values can be displayed on the mobile Application 24/7. Also, alerts are generated in the form of Tweets, which are accessible to everyone, as shown in Figure-1. It is also discovered that Nonlinear Autoregressive Exogenous Neural Network (NARXNET) Algorithm is the best to be implemented for prediction of Weather, with the mean squared error of 0.084% in 1.55 seconds for training a model and producing predictions for next 24 hours.","PeriodicalId":335329,"journal":{"name":"2019 16th International Bhurban Conference on Applied Sciences and Technology (IBCAST)","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131692383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.1109/IBCAST.2019.8667218
Muhammad Khalid Riaz, Fan Yangyu, I. Akhtar
In Mobile Adhoc Networks (MANETs) during the process of routing the consumption of energy remains a challenge as mobile nodes have limited battery. We propose method for increasing the lifetime of the network and minimizing the link breakages by choosing the paths for routing, with more available energy. In this paper we propose two schemes based on Adhoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV), a reactive routing protocol. In both these schemes, to reduce the control packets overhead, limited mobile nodes can be the part of the routing process. This limitation is based on the received signal strength. The energy efficient available path in terms of residual energy is selected either by the destination node or by intermediate node locally. The simulation results show that our proposed schemes results in the energy efficient routing as compared to traditional AODV.
{"title":"Energy Aware Path Selection based Efficient AODV for MANETs","authors":"Muhammad Khalid Riaz, Fan Yangyu, I. Akhtar","doi":"10.1109/IBCAST.2019.8667218","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IBCAST.2019.8667218","url":null,"abstract":"In Mobile Adhoc Networks (MANETs) during the process of routing the consumption of energy remains a challenge as mobile nodes have limited battery. We propose method for increasing the lifetime of the network and minimizing the link breakages by choosing the paths for routing, with more available energy. In this paper we propose two schemes based on Adhoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV), a reactive routing protocol. In both these schemes, to reduce the control packets overhead, limited mobile nodes can be the part of the routing process. This limitation is based on the received signal strength. The energy efficient available path in terms of residual energy is selected either by the destination node or by intermediate node locally. The simulation results show that our proposed schemes results in the energy efficient routing as compared to traditional AODV.","PeriodicalId":335329,"journal":{"name":"2019 16th International Bhurban Conference on Applied Sciences and Technology (IBCAST)","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127050943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.1109/IBCAST.2019.8667252
Yuezheng Gong, Qi Hong
In this paper, we develop a linear-implicit energy-preserving Fourier pseudospectral method for the sine-Gordon equation. Based on (invariant) energy quadratization technique, we first reformulate the sine-Gordon equation to an equivalent form with a quadratic energy functional. Then the reformulated system is discretized by the Fourier pseudospectral method in space and the linear-implicit Crank-Nicolson method in time. The new fully discrete scheme is proved to preserve the modified energy conservation law in the full-discrete level, and the linear system resulting from the scheme is shown to be uniquely solvable. Numerical examples are conducted to demonstrate the conservation of energy and the numerical performance of the scheme.
{"title":"A linearly energy-preserving Fourier pseudospectral method based on energy quadratization for the sine-Gordon equation","authors":"Yuezheng Gong, Qi Hong","doi":"10.1109/IBCAST.2019.8667252","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IBCAST.2019.8667252","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we develop a linear-implicit energy-preserving Fourier pseudospectral method for the sine-Gordon equation. Based on (invariant) energy quadratization technique, we first reformulate the sine-Gordon equation to an equivalent form with a quadratic energy functional. Then the reformulated system is discretized by the Fourier pseudospectral method in space and the linear-implicit Crank-Nicolson method in time. The new fully discrete scheme is proved to preserve the modified energy conservation law in the full-discrete level, and the linear system resulting from the scheme is shown to be uniquely solvable. Numerical examples are conducted to demonstrate the conservation of energy and the numerical performance of the scheme.","PeriodicalId":335329,"journal":{"name":"2019 16th International Bhurban Conference on Applied Sciences and Technology (IBCAST)","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115767956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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