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IF 3.1 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2026-01-01
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引用次数: 0
IF 3.1 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2026-01-01
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引用次数: 0
IF 3.1 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2026-01-01
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引用次数: 0
IF 3.1 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2026-01-01
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引用次数: 0
When ethical duties to ensure patient health and to minimise environmental impacts conflict in hospital design: Lessons from an Australian case study 在医院设计中,当确保病人健康和尽量减少环境影响的道德责任发生冲突时:来自澳大利亚案例研究的经验教训
IF 3.1 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2025-12-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.glt.2025.12.002
Bridget Pratt , David G. Kirchhoffer
Healthcare systems have an ethical duty to ensure equal access to high-quality healthcare as a matter of social justice. In their pursuit of that duty, they generate substantial environmental harms. For that reason, healthcare systems also have an ethical duty to minimise their environmental impacts as a matter of environmental justice and ecological justice. Many countries are already transitioning to less environmentally harmful healthcare. This study investigates whether the two duties come into tension when designing new green hospitals and how such tensions (if found to eventuate) are navigated in practice. We conducted case study research in collaboration with an Australian hospital network, with one of the network's new public hospital builds comprising our case of focus. We undertook semi-structured interviews between March and June 2023 with those responsible for making design decisions in relation to the new public hospital being built. We analysed interview data thematically and report three main themes: separating the clinical and the environmental; tensions; and addressing tensions. We conclude by providing analysis of what is at stake in identified tensions using theories of justice, offering lessons that can help other hospitals mitigate against such tensions arising, and considering whether and when the moral reasoning employed in the case-under-study should be used to navigate the tensions. This study provides those responsible for green hospital design with a better understanding of what tensions they are likely to encounter between health, social, and environmental goods and how to reduce those tensions' occurrence. That understanding will help them to identify and avoid such tensions in their practice, but further work is needed to develop ethical guidance on how they should navigate the tensions when they occur.
卫生保健系统有道德责任确保平等获得高质量的卫生保健,这是社会正义的问题。在履行这一义务的过程中,它们造成了巨大的环境危害。因此,出于环境正义和生态正义的考虑,医疗保健系统也有道德责任将其对环境的影响降到最低。许多国家已经在向对环境危害较小的医疗保健过渡。本研究探讨在设计新的绿色医院时,这两项职责是否会产生紧张关系,以及在实践中如何处理这种紧张关系(如果发现这种紧张关系最终发生)。我们与一家澳大利亚医院网络合作进行了案例研究,其中一家网络新建的公立医院构成了我们的重点案例。我们在2023年3月至6月期间与负责制定新公立医院设计决策的人员进行了半结构化访谈。我们对访谈数据进行了主题分析,并报告了三个主题:分离临床和环境;紧张局势;解决紧张局势。最后,我们通过使用正义理论分析确定的紧张关系中的利害关系,提供可以帮助其他医院减轻这种紧张关系的经验教训,并考虑是否以及何时应该使用正在研究的案例中使用的道德推理来应对紧张关系。本研究为绿色医院设计的负责人提供了一个更好的理解,他们可能会遇到健康、社会和环境产品之间的紧张关系,以及如何减少这些紧张关系的发生。这种理解将有助于他们在实践中识别和避免这种紧张关系,但还需要进一步的工作来制定道德指导,指导他们在紧张关系发生时如何应对。
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引用次数: 0
An integrative model of public sphere environmental behaviors: The association between motivational and socio-political factors 公共领域环境行为的综合模型:动机与社会政治因素之间的关联
IF 3.1 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2025-12-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.glt.2025.12.001
Piyapong Janmaimool , Surapong Chudech , Jaruwan Chontanawat , Kriengsak Thamma-aphiphol
Citizens’ active engagement in public sphere environmental behaviors (e.g., environmental policy support and environmental activism) can drive sustainable policy development and implementation. This study aims to assess how motivational and socio-political factors predict the public sphere environmental behaviors, and to evaluate how motivational factors (e.g., norms, attitude, and environmental concerns) and socio-political factors (e.g., social and institutional trust) are associated. The target population is well-educated people living in Bangkok city of Thailand as their active participation in the behaviors can powerfully encourage other entities or organizations to act environmentally. Questionnaire surveys were conducted with 540 well-educated residents living in Bangkok city. First, model measurement was assessed via confirmatory factor analysis; subsequently, a path analysis was performed to test causal associations among the variables predicting public-sphere environmental behaviors. The results revealed that social and institutional trust were significantly associated with a motivational factor (the attitude toward public sphere environmental behaviors) and the attitude could subsequently predict the behaviors. There were also significant associations between motivational factors, and these associations had a significant power to explain public sphere environmental behaviors. Both social norms and personal norms were significantly associated with the attitude. Social norms could also significantly predict the behaviors, but personal norms could not. Personal norms had only an indirect influence on the behaviors via the attitude. Moreover, local environmental concerns were a weak predictor as they had only a significant indirect influence on the behaviors via the attitude. Global environmental concerns could directly and indirectly predict the behaviors. Thus, educating the public with global environmental issues and promoting the attitude and social norms could be powerful in promoting public sphere environmental behaviors. To promote a positive attitude towards the behaviors, both institutional and social trust could play an important role.
公民积极参与公共领域环境行为(如环境政策支持和环境行动主义)可以推动可持续政策的制定和实施。本研究旨在评估动机因素和社会政治因素如何预测公共领域的环境行为,并评估动机因素(如规范、态度和环境问题)和社会政治因素(如社会和制度信任)如何相互关联。目标人群是居住在泰国曼谷市的受过良好教育的人,因为他们积极参与这些行为可以有力地鼓励其他实体或组织采取环保行动。对540名居住在曼谷市的受过良好教育的居民进行了问卷调查。首先,通过验证性因子分析对模型测量进行评估;随后,进行通径分析,检验预测公共领域环境行为的变量之间的因果关系。结果表明,社会信任和制度信任与激励因素(对公共领域环境行为的态度)显著相关,态度可以预测行为。动机因素之间也存在显著的关联,这些关联对解释公共领域环境行为具有显著的作用。社会规范和个人规范都与态度显著相关。社会规范也能显著预测行为,但个人规范不能。个人规范仅通过态度对行为产生间接影响。此外,当地环境问题是一个弱的预测因素,因为它们通过态度对行为只有显着的间接影响。全球环境问题可以直接或间接地预测这些行为。因此,对公众进行全球环境问题教育,促进态度和社会规范,可以有力地促进公共领域的环境行为。为了促进对行为的积极态度,制度信任和社会信任都可以发挥重要作用。
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引用次数: 0
Hydrogen energy storage for healthcare resilience 氢能源储存的医疗弹性
IF 3.1 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2025-11-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.glt.2025.11.001
Alfan Sarifudin , Hwai Chyuan Ong , Long Chiau Ming
Frequent and prolonged energy outages remain a critical challenge for healthcare facilities, jeopardizing patient safety and disrupting essential medical services. To ensure reliable and sustainable operations, there is an urgent need for alternative energy solutions with Hydrogen Energy Storage (HES) offering a promising pathway. This review explores the potential of HES in enhancing healthcare resilience which emphasizing its role in emergency preparedness, carbon footprint reduction, and energy stability. Drawing on systematic literature review, this study analyze existing applications, technological advancements, and the challenges of deploying HES in healthcare settings. Case studies from various geographical contexts demonstrate their versatility and efficacy in sustaining essential services. Although the potential of HES is evident, addressing economic barriers, regulatory obstacles, and infrastructure limitations is crucial for its extensive adoption. This study highlights the transformative capacity of HES to synchronize healthcare with global sustainability objectives, guaranteeing operational continuity and environmental responsibility.
频繁和长期的能源中断仍然是卫生保健设施面临的重大挑战,危及患者安全并扰乱基本医疗服务。为了确保可靠和可持续的运营,迫切需要替代能源解决方案,氢储能(HES)提供了一个有前途的途径。这篇综述探讨了HES在加强卫生保健复原力方面的潜力,强调其在应急准备、减少碳足迹和能源稳定方面的作用。通过系统的文献回顾,本研究分析了在医疗环境中部署HES的现有应用、技术进步和挑战。来自不同地理环境的案例研究证明了它们在维持基本服务方面的多功能性和有效性。尽管HES的潜力是显而易见的,但解决经济障碍、监管障碍和基础设施限制对其广泛采用至关重要。这项研究强调了HES的变革能力,使医疗保健与全球可持续性目标同步,保证业务连续性和环境责任。
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引用次数: 0
Performance of the large language model in general medicine 大语言模型在全科医学中的表现
IF 3.1 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2025-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.glt.2025.10.004
Liyuan Tao , Jue Liu , Xiaoqin Lu , Yali Zhao , Yifan Zhang , Zuyi Zhu , Ting Li , Zhishou Zhang , Yipin Zhang , Wenxin Yan , Min Liu , Wannian Liang

Background

Domain-specific large language models (LLMs) may aid primary care, but reliability and safety are uncertain, and general-practice evaluations remain limited.

Methods

Observational, exam-based comparison (Feb–May 2025) using standardized items from the Chinese General Practitioner Licensing Examination. A general-practice LLM (AIGP) was evaluated against 389 physicians on the same items under deterministic decoding. Each item was run 50 technical replicates. Outcomes: accuracy; stability (coefficient of variation, ICC(2,k)); and expert-rated potential clinical harm for incorrect outputs.

Results

AIGP achieved 88.41 % ± 1.87 accuracy vs physicians 72.12 % ± 4.97 (mean difference 16.29, 95 % CI 15.56–17.01; P < .001). Stability favored AIGP (CV 2.12 vs 6.89; agreement across replicates ICC(2,k) = 0.993, 95 % CI 0.991–0.995). Although overall errors were fewer, AIGP's mistakes were systematic and carried higher average harm ratings, clustering in red-flag contexts (pregnancy, pediatrics, anticoagulation, acute chest pain).

Conclusions

In a controlled test setting, AIGP outperformed physicians and showed excellent stability. Findings are exploratory and context-limited (exam-based, text-only) and reveal systematic higher-harm failure modes. AIGP is a starting point for decision support, not a deployable clinical tool without prospective real-world validation and safety guardrails (human-in-the-loop review, contraindication/dose checks, uncertainty-aware refusal).
领域特定的大型语言模型(llm)可能有助于初级保健,但可靠性和安全性是不确定的,并且一般实践评估仍然有限。方法观察性、基于考试的比较(2025年2月- 5月),采用中国全科医师执业资格考试的标准化试题。在确定性解码下,对一名全科执业LLM (AIGP)与389名医生在相同项目上进行了评估。每个项目都进行了50次技术重复。结果:准确;稳定性(变异系数,ICC(2,k));专家评估了不正确输出的潜在临床危害。结果saigp与医师的准确率分别为88.41%±1.87与72.12%±4.97(平均差16.29,95% CI 15.56 ~ 17.01; P < 0.001)。稳定性倾向于AIGP (CV 2.12 vs 6.89;重复间一致性ICC(2,k) = 0.993, 95% CI 0.991-0.995)。尽管总体错误较少,但AIGP的错误是系统性的,并且具有较高的平均危害等级,集中在红旗环境(怀孕,儿科,抗凝血,急性胸痛)。结论在对照试验环境下,AIGP表现优于内科医生,且具有良好的稳定性。研究结果是探索性的,上下文有限的(基于测试,仅限文本),揭示了系统性的高危害失效模式。AIGP是一个决策支持的起点,而不是一个可部署的临床工具,没有前瞻性的现实验证和安全护栏(人在环审查,禁忌症/剂量检查,不确定性意识拒绝)。
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引用次数: 0
Trajectory optimization for UAV-based medical delivery with temporal logic constraints and convex feasible set collision avoidance 基于时间逻辑约束和凸可行集避碰的无人机医疗配送轨迹优化
IF 3.1 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2025-10-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.glt.2025.10.002
Kaiyuan Chen , Yuhan Suo , Shaowei Cui , Yuanqing Xia , Wannian Liang , Shuo Wang
This paper addresses the problem of trajectory optimization for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) performing time-sensitive medical deliveries in urban environments. Specifically, we consider a single UAV with 3-degree-of-freedom dynamics tasked with delivering blood packages to multiple hospitals, each with a predefined time window and priority. Mission objectives are encoded using Signal Temporal Logic (STL), enabling the formal specification of spatial-temporal constraints. To ensure safety, city buildings are modeled as 3D convex obstacles, and obstacle avoidance is handled through a Convex Feasible Set (CFS) method. The entire planning problem—combining UAV dynamics, STL satisfaction, and collision avoidance—is formulated as a convex optimization problem that ensures tractability and can be solved efficiently using standard convex programming techniques. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method generates dynamically feasible, collision-free trajectories that satisfy temporal mission goals, providing a scalable and reliable approach for autonomous UAV-based medical logistics.
本文研究了在城市环境中执行时间敏感型医疗交付的无人机的轨迹优化问题。具体来说,我们考虑一架具有3自由度动力学的无人机,其任务是向多家医院运送血液包裹,每家医院都有预定义的时间窗口和优先级。任务目标使用信号时序逻辑(STL)编码,实现了时空约束的正式规范。为了保证安全,将城市建筑物建模为三维凸障碍物,并通过凸可行集(convex viable Set, CFS)方法进行避障处理。整个规划问题-结合无人机动力学、STL满足和避免碰撞-被制定为一个凸优化问题,确保可跟踪性,并可以使用标准凸规划技术有效地解决。仿真结果表明,该方法能够生成动态可行、无碰撞、满足时间任务目标的轨迹,为自主无人机医疗物流提供了一种可扩展、可靠的方法。
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引用次数: 0
Transforming health systems in Vietnam's demographic transition: sarcopenia screening thresholds 越南人口转型中的卫生系统转型:肌肉减少症筛查阈值
IF 3.1 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2025-10-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.glt.2025.10.003
Hien Thi Nguyen , Charuai Suwanbamrung , Apichai Wattanapisit , Thang Nguyen , Warapone Satheannoppakao , Dung Tam Nguyen Huynh , Tam Thai Thanh Tran , Khanh Hoang Pham , Cua Ngoc Le

Introduction

Vietnam is undergoing a rapid demographic transition, with an increasingly aging population, posing new challenges for the healthcare system. Sarcopenia, an important contributor to frailty, functional decline, and disability in older adults, remains underdiagnosed due to the inconvenience of standardized assessment tools and the lack of validated anthropometric thresholds for specific populations.

Methods

We conducted a cross-sectional study involving 416 community-dwelling individuals aged ≥60 years in Can Tho, Vietnam. Sarcopenia was diagnosed based on the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia 2019 (AWGS 2019) criteria. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to identify optimal cutoff values for body mass index (BMI), calf circumference (CC), arm circumference (AC), and waist circumference (WC), with the Youden index applied to determine the most accurate thresholds.

Results

The identified Vietnam-specific anthropometric thresholds for sarcopenia were: BMI ≤22.6 kg/m2 for men and ≤21.2 kg/m2 for women; CC ≤ 34.5 cm and ≤32.0 cm; AC ≤26.0 cm and ≤24.0 cm; WC ≤ 85.0 cm and ≤78.0 cm, respectively. These localized thresholds improved diagnostic accuracy, with BMI showing the strongest performance. CC and AC were less reliable among women, while WC offered high specificity but lower sensitivity.

Conclusion

Our results endorse Vietnam-specific anthropometric cutoffs, particularly BMI, as a practical, cost-effective sarcopenia screening tool for under-resourced primary care. Integrating these thresholds into national guidelines can accelerate universal health coverage and sustainable aging by enabling early detection and community-based interventions to avert functional decline in Vietnam's aging population.
越南正在经历快速的人口转型,人口老龄化日益严重,对医疗保健系统提出了新的挑战。骨骼肌减少症是老年人身体虚弱、功能下降和残疾的重要原因,由于标准化评估工具的不便和缺乏特定人群的有效人体测量阈值,骨骼肌减少症仍未得到充分诊断。方法我们对越南芹苴地区416名年龄≥60岁的社区居民进行了横断面研究。肌少症是根据2019年亚洲肌少症工作组(AWGS 2019)的标准诊断的。采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析确定体重指数(BMI)、小腿围(CC)、臂围(AC)和腰围(WC)的最佳临界值,并应用约登指数确定最准确的阈值。结果越南特有的肌肉减少症人体测量阈值为:男性BMI≤22.6 kg/m2,女性BMI≤21.2 kg/m2;CC≤34.5 cm和≤32.0 cm;交流≤26.0 cm和≤24.0 cm;WC≤85.0 cm,≤78.0 cm。这些局部阈值提高了诊断的准确性,BMI表现出最强的表现。CC和AC在女性中的可靠性较差,而WC具有高特异性但灵敏度较低。结论:我们的研究结果支持越南特定的人体测量截断值,特别是BMI,作为资源不足的初级保健中实用且具有成本效益的肌肉减少症筛查工具。将这些阈值纳入国家指导方针,可以通过早期发现和以社区为基础的干预措施来避免越南老龄化人口的功能下降,从而加速全民健康覆盖和可持续老龄化。
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引用次数: 0
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Global Transitions
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