Pub Date : 2022-01-24DOI: 10.1177/00225266221074759
Colin Pooley
{"title":"Book Review: Vagrants and Vagabonds: Poverty and Mobility in the Early American Republic by Kristin O’Brassill-Kulfan","authors":"Colin Pooley","doi":"10.1177/00225266221074759","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00225266221074759","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":336494,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Transport History","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129797880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-21DOI: 10.1177/00225266221074638
P. Norton
photographs, and advertisement. He also focuses on the ironical result that the disarmament treaties in 1922 and 1930 expanded the Japanese Navy with its aircraft carrier strategy. However, he does not fully scrutinize the development of international civil aviation in the 1930s, nor the problem of the dual use character of aircrafts at that era. We can think of aviation as a field that was unlikely to become a target for disarmament due to its promising technology. Considering that the development of civil aviation during the Great Depression was a major reason why countries hesitated to restrict aviation technology in the Geneva disarmament conference. This is one precedent where advanced technology will not be disarmed. So civil aviation in the 1930s would not be overlooked politically, economically, militarily, or geopolitically. I would very much like to hear the ideas of Melzer, a former Lufthansa pilot, on this point.
{"title":"Book Review: Moving Violations: Automobiles, Experts, and Regulations in the United States by Lee Vinsel","authors":"P. Norton","doi":"10.1177/00225266221074638","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00225266221074638","url":null,"abstract":"photographs, and advertisement. He also focuses on the ironical result that the disarmament treaties in 1922 and 1930 expanded the Japanese Navy with its aircraft carrier strategy. However, he does not fully scrutinize the development of international civil aviation in the 1930s, nor the problem of the dual use character of aircrafts at that era. We can think of aviation as a field that was unlikely to become a target for disarmament due to its promising technology. Considering that the development of civil aviation during the Great Depression was a major reason why countries hesitated to restrict aviation technology in the Geneva disarmament conference. This is one precedent where advanced technology will not be disarmed. So civil aviation in the 1930s would not be overlooked politically, economically, militarily, or geopolitically. I would very much like to hear the ideas of Melzer, a former Lufthansa pilot, on this point.","PeriodicalId":336494,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Transport History","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115426655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-13DOI: 10.1177/00225266211070213
G. Gopakumar
The mobility turn offers a rich terrain for research to investigate the exercise of politics and power in movement through attention to associated meanings and practices. Despite this, the ontologies that can anchor this research within a historical imagination remains largely uncharted. Happily for us, coming from the opposite direction history, and especially the field of transport history, has grappled with mobilizing history in the face of the mobility turn. Several scholars have offered “usable past” as a mode of mobilizing mobility cultures of the past to inform policy actors about future choices. But is the ontology of a usable past appropriate for countries enmeshed within pre/post/colonial histories of displacement in their society and culture? Employing a case of automobilization in the city of Bengaluru in India, this paper sketches an exposition of the “displaced past” in sedimented residues that continues to live and contest the enterprise of automobility.
{"title":"Placing automobility in postcolonial cities: Towards an ontology of a displaced past","authors":"G. Gopakumar","doi":"10.1177/00225266211070213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00225266211070213","url":null,"abstract":"The mobility turn offers a rich terrain for research to investigate the exercise of politics and power in movement through attention to associated meanings and practices. Despite this, the ontologies that can anchor this research within a historical imagination remains largely uncharted. Happily for us, coming from the opposite direction history, and especially the field of transport history, has grappled with mobilizing history in the face of the mobility turn. Several scholars have offered “usable past” as a mode of mobilizing mobility cultures of the past to inform policy actors about future choices. But is the ontology of a usable past appropriate for countries enmeshed within pre/post/colonial histories of displacement in their society and culture? Employing a case of automobilization in the city of Bengaluru in India, this paper sketches an exposition of the “displaced past” in sedimented residues that continues to live and contest the enterprise of automobility.","PeriodicalId":336494,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Transport History","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123052444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-06DOI: 10.1177/00225266211063771
C. Pooley
All travel generates a range of feelings, responses and emotions that can be stimulated by many factors but recovering such responses to everyday travel in the past is difficult. Few conventional sources provide information on the travellers’ experiences of movement and, not surprisingly, most transport histories focus mainly on matters of infrastructure, usage, and technological change. In contrast, contemporary mobilities studies that can talk directly to those who travel do explore the lived experiences of mobility in some detail. This paper shows how, by using a range of life writing drawn from the nineteenth- and twentieth-century Britain, it is possible to begin to recover at least some of the feelings and responses that past travellers experienced. I argue that such an approach provides an important additional perspective to research in transport history.
{"title":"Spotlight on the traveller: Individual experiences of routine journeys","authors":"C. Pooley","doi":"10.1177/00225266211063771","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00225266211063771","url":null,"abstract":"All travel generates a range of feelings, responses and emotions that can be stimulated by many factors but recovering such responses to everyday travel in the past is difficult. Few conventional sources provide information on the travellers’ experiences of movement and, not surprisingly, most transport histories focus mainly on matters of infrastructure, usage, and technological change. In contrast, contemporary mobilities studies that can talk directly to those who travel do explore the lived experiences of mobility in some detail. This paper shows how, by using a range of life writing drawn from the nineteenth- and twentieth-century Britain, it is possible to begin to recover at least some of the feelings and responses that past travellers experienced. I argue that such an approach provides an important additional perspective to research in transport history.","PeriodicalId":336494,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Transport History","volume":"633 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122948554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-06DOI: 10.1177/00225266211062820
A. Geurts
on travel experiences.
关于旅行体验。
{"title":"Book Review: Mobilities, Literature, Culture by Marian Aguiar, Charlotte Mathieson, Lynne Pearce","authors":"A. Geurts","doi":"10.1177/00225266211062820","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00225266211062820","url":null,"abstract":"on travel experiences.","PeriodicalId":336494,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Transport History","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126774877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-15DOI: 10.1177/00225266211066801
J. Shapiro
This article examines the history of road planning in the decades following the Second World War on the Navajo Nation. Federal highway planners and Navajo residents had conflicting ideas about the role of roads in the Nation's postwar development. The planners’ support for highways near uranium mines undermined efforts towards Navajo self-development and modernization. Federally planned and subsidized highways granted extractive industries control over large portions of the Nation. Those highways locked in a regime of environmental exploitation that caused severe and debilitating public health consequences for Navajo communities.
{"title":"Environmental control: charting a course for the Navajo reservation through road construction, 1945–1978","authors":"J. Shapiro","doi":"10.1177/00225266211066801","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00225266211066801","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines the history of road planning in the decades following the Second World War on the Navajo Nation. Federal highway planners and Navajo residents had conflicting ideas about the role of roads in the Nation's postwar development. The planners’ support for highways near uranium mines undermined efforts towards Navajo self-development and modernization. Federally planned and subsidized highways granted extractive industries control over large portions of the Nation. Those highways locked in a regime of environmental exploitation that caused severe and debilitating public health consequences for Navajo communities.","PeriodicalId":336494,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Transport History","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133607482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-15DOI: 10.1177/00225266211043419
Melanie Bassett
From their creation in the mid-nineteenth century in Britain railway excursions provided working people with the means to expand their horizons and create new opportunities for identity- and money-making. This article explores the role of the social entrepreneur and their affect on social mobility. It also re-evaluates working-class leisure in the south of England and challenges the notion that the working-classes were not proactive in establishing their own unique commercial leisure cultures. Using a case study of two dockyard excursion enterprises, which were operated as sideline ventures by skilled artisans of the Royal Dockyard in Portsmouth, Hampshire, UK, the article will demonstrate how local working-class access to travel and cultural experiences were broadened and transformed through their initiatives and analyse the role and influence of these men on their co-workers and in wider society.
{"title":"Negotiating Mobility: Royal Dockyard Workers as Railway Excursion Agents and Social Entrepreneurs, 1880–1918","authors":"Melanie Bassett","doi":"10.1177/00225266211043419","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00225266211043419","url":null,"abstract":"From their creation in the mid-nineteenth century in Britain railway excursions provided working people with the means to expand their horizons and create new opportunities for identity- and money-making. This article explores the role of the social entrepreneur and their affect on social mobility. It also re-evaluates working-class leisure in the south of England and challenges the notion that the working-classes were not proactive in establishing their own unique commercial leisure cultures. Using a case study of two dockyard excursion enterprises, which were operated as sideline ventures by skilled artisans of the Royal Dockyard in Portsmouth, Hampshire, UK, the article will demonstrate how local working-class access to travel and cultural experiences were broadened and transformed through their initiatives and analyse the role and influence of these men on their co-workers and in wider society.","PeriodicalId":336494,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Transport History","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125595681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-13DOI: 10.1177/00225266211067706
Simon Abernethy
{"title":"Book Review: Final Journey: The Untold Story of Funeral Trains by Nicholas Wheatley","authors":"Simon Abernethy","doi":"10.1177/00225266211067706","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00225266211067706","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":336494,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Transport History","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131228474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Reviewer list","authors":"","doi":"10.4269/ajtmh.92-1rev","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.92-1rev","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":336494,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Transport History","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122450374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-11DOI: 10.1177/0022526621992613a
L. Pearce
This impressive volume is the first to bring together historical research on the British Empire – from the late eighteenth century through to the early twentieth century – and mobilities studies. While the significance of transport, travel, communication, exploration, migration, embodied movement and the export/import of commodities may have featured in the work of numerous scholars working on Empire, moving mobility to the centre of such investigations yields valuable new insights: in particular, the way in which mobility practices, discourses, systems and infrastructures work together. As the editors outline in their comprehensive introduction, this systems-based approach to mobility builds upon the work of John Urry, Tim Cresswell and their followers; however, it is notable that it is their key concepts – “mobility/immobility”, “moorings”, “constellations” etc. – that have inspired the scholars here rather than the theories, methodologies and debates which gave rise to them. Although this juxtaposition of two fields means that this is a volume which will appeal to multiple readerships, for the purpose of this review I shall focus on what it offers scholars working in, or across, the history of transport and mobilities studies. My first observation in this regard is that it sends out a challenge to all those of us who have approached the recent past and/or emerging future of transport primarily through a theoretical and/or speculative lens. The richness of the painstaking historical research represented by every one of the substantive chapters included here is truly humbling for a cultural theorist such as myself, and a timely reminder of how ‘thin’ and hypothetical our observations on contemporary social and cultural trends often are. While transport is not the singular focus of any of the chapters, it features in all of them but embedded in the complex interactions of multiple human, economic, discursive and geographical agents. This also relates to the favoured methodology of five of the nine chapters (see Innes Keighton, Sarah Thomas, Natalie Cox, Nuala Johnson and Martin Book Reviews
这令人印象深刻的卷是第一个汇集了大英帝国的历史研究-从18世纪末到20世纪初-和流动性研究。虽然交通、旅行、通信、探索、移民、具体运动和商品进出口的重要性可能是许多研究帝国的学者的工作的特点，但将流动性转移到这些研究的中心会产生有价值的新见解:特别是流动性实践、话语、系统和基础设施协同工作的方式。正如编辑在他们的全面介绍中概述的那样，这种基于系统的流动性方法建立在约翰·厄里、蒂姆·克雷斯韦尔及其追随者的工作基础上;然而，值得注意的是，是他们的关键概念——“移动/不移动”、“系泊”、“星座”等——启发了这里的学者，而不是产生这些概念的理论、方法和辩论。虽然这两个领域的并列意味着这是一本将吸引多种读者的书，但为了这篇综述的目的，我将把重点放在它为从事或跨领域研究交通和流动性历史的学者提供的东西上。在这方面，我的第一个观察是，它向我们所有主要通过理论和/或投机的视角来看待交通的最近的过去和/或新兴的未来的人发出了挑战。本书每一章都包含了丰富的历史研究内容，这让像我这样的文化理论家感到谦卑，并及时提醒我们，我们对当代社会和文化趋势的观察往往是多么的“单薄”和假设。虽然交通不是任何章节的单一焦点，但它在所有章节中都有特色，并且嵌入在多种人类，经济，话语和地理因素的复杂相互作用中。这也与九章中的五章(见Innes Keighton, Sarah Thomas, Natalie Cox, Nuala Johnson和Martin Book Reviews)中最受欢迎的方法有关
{"title":"Book Review: David Lambert and Peter Merriman (eds.), Mobility and Empire in the Long Nineteenth Century","authors":"L. Pearce","doi":"10.1177/0022526621992613a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0022526621992613a","url":null,"abstract":"This impressive volume is the first to bring together historical research on the British Empire – from the late eighteenth century through to the early twentieth century – and mobilities studies. While the significance of transport, travel, communication, exploration, migration, embodied movement and the export/import of commodities may have featured in the work of numerous scholars working on Empire, moving mobility to the centre of such investigations yields valuable new insights: in particular, the way in which mobility practices, discourses, systems and infrastructures work together. As the editors outline in their comprehensive introduction, this systems-based approach to mobility builds upon the work of John Urry, Tim Cresswell and their followers; however, it is notable that it is their key concepts – “mobility/immobility”, “moorings”, “constellations” etc. – that have inspired the scholars here rather than the theories, methodologies and debates which gave rise to them. Although this juxtaposition of two fields means that this is a volume which will appeal to multiple readerships, for the purpose of this review I shall focus on what it offers scholars working in, or across, the history of transport and mobilities studies. My first observation in this regard is that it sends out a challenge to all those of us who have approached the recent past and/or emerging future of transport primarily through a theoretical and/or speculative lens. The richness of the painstaking historical research represented by every one of the substantive chapters included here is truly humbling for a cultural theorist such as myself, and a timely reminder of how ‘thin’ and hypothetical our observations on contemporary social and cultural trends often are. While transport is not the singular focus of any of the chapters, it features in all of them but embedded in the complex interactions of multiple human, economic, discursive and geographical agents. This also relates to the favoured methodology of five of the nine chapters (see Innes Keighton, Sarah Thomas, Natalie Cox, Nuala Johnson and Martin Book Reviews","PeriodicalId":336494,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Transport History","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123509989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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