Squinches have been historically employed to facilitate the smooth transition from a square base to a circular dome in the transition zone beneath a dome. Their origin dates back to ancient Iranian architecture, and they were invented to address the challenge of supporting a dome on a square base. The shouldered arch style of squinch was initially used in Sasanian architecture. Over time, in Iranian-Islamic architecture, the transition zone with shouldered arches evolved, with Seljuk buildings representing the epitome of this development. The architectural style that emerged during the Seljuk dynasty (1037-1194) in Iran is referred to as Seljuk architecture. This study focused on the transition zones of Seljuk structures with the shouldered arch style of the squinch, examining their typology. The features of the transition zones of eleven case studies were converted into matrices, and the MATLAB programming platform was used for analysis. The findings of this research identified six types of transition zones that are composed of shouldered arches in Iranian Seljuk structures.
{"title":"The Typology of Transition Zones with Shouldered Arches in Iranian Seljuk Structures","authors":"Elaheh Golzari, Péter Rabb","doi":"10.3311/ppar.22510","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3311/ppar.22510","url":null,"abstract":"Squinches have been historically employed to facilitate the smooth transition from a square base to a circular dome in the transition zone beneath a dome. Their origin dates back to ancient Iranian architecture, and they were invented to address the challenge of supporting a dome on a square base. The shouldered arch style of squinch was initially used in Sasanian architecture. Over time, in Iranian-Islamic architecture, the transition zone with shouldered arches evolved, with Seljuk buildings representing the epitome of this development. The architectural style that emerged during the Seljuk dynasty (1037-1194) in Iran is referred to as Seljuk architecture. This study focused on the transition zones of Seljuk structures with the shouldered arch style of the squinch, examining their typology. The features of the transition zones of eleven case studies were converted into matrices, and the MATLAB programming platform was used for analysis. The findings of this research identified six types of transition zones that are composed of shouldered arches in Iranian Seljuk structures.","PeriodicalId":33684,"journal":{"name":"Periodica Polytechnica Architecture","volume":"123 44","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135136992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The tessellation method, which is a mathematical concept used in geometric design, is also used in architecture and engineering, as in many other fields. In this study, it is aimed to investigate the tessellation configurations in structural systems within the scope of geometric design in architecture, to show the effectiveness of geometry in the architectural production in these structures and to highlight the tessellation-structure relationship. The number of studies emphasizing tessellation configurations in structural systems is limited. For this reason, the study will contribute to the literature. The research question of the study is how tessellation configurations are applied in structural systems and how this relationship is established. Depending on this research question, eight architectural buildings in different cities with different tessellation configurations were examined within the scope of this study. Content analysis was performed by looking at the architectural features of these structures, and a comparative analysis framework was created with the data obtained. Inferences were made on geometric and architectural features. As a result, it has been seen that tessellation patterns are used and will continue to be used on a wide scale in structural design.
{"title":"Geometric Design in Architecture: Examination of Tessellation Configurations in Structural Systems","authors":"Çağatay Takva, Fulya Gökşen Takva, Yenal Takva","doi":"10.3311/ppar.22824","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3311/ppar.22824","url":null,"abstract":"The tessellation method, which is a mathematical concept used in geometric design, is also used in architecture and engineering, as in many other fields. In this study, it is aimed to investigate the tessellation configurations in structural systems within the scope of geometric design in architecture, to show the effectiveness of geometry in the architectural production in these structures and to highlight the tessellation-structure relationship. The number of studies emphasizing tessellation configurations in structural systems is limited. For this reason, the study will contribute to the literature. The research question of the study is how tessellation configurations are applied in structural systems and how this relationship is established. Depending on this research question, eight architectural buildings in different cities with different tessellation configurations were examined within the scope of this study. Content analysis was performed by looking at the architectural features of these structures, and a comparative analysis framework was created with the data obtained. Inferences were made on geometric and architectural features. As a result, it has been seen that tessellation patterns are used and will continue to be used on a wide scale in structural design.","PeriodicalId":33684,"journal":{"name":"Periodica Polytechnica Architecture","volume":" 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135285707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Light pipes are innovative daylight lighting systems often used linearly which transmit light through reflections on carrying surfaces. However, in order for the system to be used in more complex buildings, it should be possible to integrate one or more elbows into the system if needed with the purpose of deliberately change the direction of light transmission. In this study, attention is drawn to the assumption that the light carried in the elbowed light pipes is related to the design of the elbow geometry as well as variables such as pipe length, diameter (aspect ratio), reflectance and transmittance values of the components, sky conditions, solar angles, latitude-longitude data, elbow angle, etc. The purpose of the study is to investigate the daylight performance of elbowed light pipe system and different elbow geometries. In this respect, the models used in scientific studies and commercial products were compared and new elbow models were proposed. Daylight levels (lux) and Daylight Factor (DF) achieved through a numerical simulation software based on a correct method and well-established algorithm were evaluated as performance measures. Whether the light levels reached as a result of the analyses alone are sufficient to illuminate the space varies depending on the dimensions, function and duration of use of the space.
{"title":"Daylight Performance of Elbow Geometry in Light Pipe Models","authors":"Fatmanur Atalay, Cüneyt Kurtay","doi":"10.3311/ppar.22503","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3311/ppar.22503","url":null,"abstract":"Light pipes are innovative daylight lighting systems often used linearly which transmit light through reflections on carrying surfaces. However, in order for the system to be used in more complex buildings, it should be possible to integrate one or more elbows into the system if needed with the purpose of deliberately change the direction of light transmission. In this study, attention is drawn to the assumption that the light carried in the elbowed light pipes is related to the design of the elbow geometry as well as variables such as pipe length, diameter (aspect ratio), reflectance and transmittance values of the components, sky conditions, solar angles, latitude-longitude data, elbow angle, etc. The purpose of the study is to investigate the daylight performance of elbowed light pipe system and different elbow geometries. In this respect, the models used in scientific studies and commercial products were compared and new elbow models were proposed. Daylight levels (lux) and Daylight Factor (DF) achieved through a numerical simulation software based on a correct method and well-established algorithm were evaluated as performance measures. Whether the light levels reached as a result of the analyses alone are sufficient to illuminate the space varies depending on the dimensions, function and duration of use of the space.","PeriodicalId":33684,"journal":{"name":"Periodica Polytechnica Architecture","volume":"239 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136098006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Walking is a fundamental and intuitive means of transportation both on an individual and urban scale, offering social and personal benefits like improved health, equity, and reduced greenhouse gas emissions. Despite these benefits, urban sprawl and increased car dependency remain significant challenges. To combat this trend, urban planners have emphasized walking as a way to reduce vehicle travel and emissions, while public health researchers recognize its potential to improve general health.This study explores the concept of walkability and its relationship to urban design, with a specific focus on two recently renovated areas in Budapest, namely Egyetem Square and Corvin Promenade. Utilizing space syntax analysis, a promising approach to developing a walkability index, this research investigates the functional aspects of these urban spaces and their impact on walkability.The study aims to demonstrate the potential of space syntax analysis in enhancing urban planning efforts aimed at promoting walkability. By analyzing the spatial configuration, visibility, and accessibility of the case studies, this research examines how the design and layout of these areas influence pedestrian movement patterns and the overall walkability experience.By demonstrating the potential of space syntax analysis in informing urban planning decisions, this study provides insights into the relationship between spatial configuration and walkability. The findings highlight the importance of well-connected street networks, clear pathways, and visually appealing urban elements in creating walkable environments. The results of the analysis contribute to the understanding of how urban design factors can be leveraged to enhance walkability and create sustainable, livable cities.
{"title":"Evaluating Walkability in Budapest through Space Syntax Analysis","authors":"Amir Hossein Sirjani, Árpád Szabó","doi":"10.3311/ppar.22198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3311/ppar.22198","url":null,"abstract":"Walking is a fundamental and intuitive means of transportation both on an individual and urban scale, offering social and personal benefits like improved health, equity, and reduced greenhouse gas emissions. Despite these benefits, urban sprawl and increased car dependency remain significant challenges. To combat this trend, urban planners have emphasized walking as a way to reduce vehicle travel and emissions, while public health researchers recognize its potential to improve general health.This study explores the concept of walkability and its relationship to urban design, with a specific focus on two recently renovated areas in Budapest, namely Egyetem Square and Corvin Promenade. Utilizing space syntax analysis, a promising approach to developing a walkability index, this research investigates the functional aspects of these urban spaces and their impact on walkability.The study aims to demonstrate the potential of space syntax analysis in enhancing urban planning efforts aimed at promoting walkability. By analyzing the spatial configuration, visibility, and accessibility of the case studies, this research examines how the design and layout of these areas influence pedestrian movement patterns and the overall walkability experience.By demonstrating the potential of space syntax analysis in informing urban planning decisions, this study provides insights into the relationship between spatial configuration and walkability. The findings highlight the importance of well-connected street networks, clear pathways, and visually appealing urban elements in creating walkable environments. The results of the analysis contribute to the understanding of how urban design factors can be leveraged to enhance walkability and create sustainable, livable cities.","PeriodicalId":33684,"journal":{"name":"Periodica Polytechnica Architecture","volume":"71 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136357461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The evaluation of housing study in the historical areas brings to important issues such as the tendencies of the users in housing preferences and purchasing emerge. Determining housing preferences in historical areas is important to ensure socio-spatial sustainability and the protection-usage balance in these areas, which have a unique settlement pattern. The aim of the study is to determine which factors shape the housing preferences of the users in these areas. Also, it is aimed to evaluate whether registered and traditional residences are a reason for preference by individuals. Kilitbahir located within the boundaries of Çanakkale Gallipoli Historical Site has been determined as the case area. In this study, in which descriptive survey model was used, the main and sub-factors were analyzed to determine the housing preferences in the historical area. Evaluation was made in four groups: the main factors affecting the housing preferences, the sub-factors determining the housing preferences, the analysis of the propositions for the housing market and the analysis of the housing preferences according to the user profiles. As a result of the evaluations, the participants in Kilitbahir give more importance to the structural, visual and economic criteria when purchasing housing than the criteria related to social, historical and tourism issues. Moreover, depending on the level of education and age, there is an awareness of registered and traditional houses in the area.
{"title":"A Socio-spatial Evaluation on Housing Preferences in Historical Area: The Case of Kilitbahir Settlement","authors":"Melda AÇMAZ ÖZDEN, Emre Yılmaz","doi":"10.3311/ppar.22225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3311/ppar.22225","url":null,"abstract":"The evaluation of housing study in the historical areas brings to important issues such as the tendencies of the users in housing preferences and purchasing emerge. Determining housing preferences in historical areas is important to ensure socio-spatial sustainability and the protection-usage balance in these areas, which have a unique settlement pattern. The aim of the study is to determine which factors shape the housing preferences of the users in these areas. Also, it is aimed to evaluate whether registered and traditional residences are a reason for preference by individuals. Kilitbahir located within the boundaries of Çanakkale Gallipoli Historical Site has been determined as the case area. In this study, in which descriptive survey model was used, the main and sub-factors were analyzed to determine the housing preferences in the historical area. Evaluation was made in four groups: the main factors affecting the housing preferences, the sub-factors determining the housing preferences, the analysis of the propositions for the housing market and the analysis of the housing preferences according to the user profiles. As a result of the evaluations, the participants in Kilitbahir give more importance to the structural, visual and economic criteria when purchasing housing than the criteria related to social, historical and tourism issues. Moreover, depending on the level of education and age, there is an awareness of registered and traditional houses in the area.","PeriodicalId":33684,"journal":{"name":"Periodica Polytechnica Architecture","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88360230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
High energy consumption in regions with harsh climatic conditions makes it difficult to reach energy consumption targets. This study considers design decisions affecting energy consumption for cold climate regions; the position of the building, its orientation, building envelope elements and building materials were examined. In line with these decisions, a field study was conducted by researching the energy-efficient renovation of existing social housing structures in cold climate regions. For the field study, social housing in Erzurum was selected, and the current heating energy consumption of the building was simulated using the Design Builder program. By creating energy-efficient renewal scenarios that can be economically and physically enacted, the U-values and thicknesses of the building envelope elements were changed, and 14 renewal simulations were carried out for five scenarios. The effects of each renovation scenario on the current heating energy consumption were examined, and the results were compared. With the most efficient replacement scenario, it was observed that the heating energy consumption decreased by an average of 31%. The data obtained informed decisions for building envelope element selection within the scope of energy-efficient renewal studies in cold climate regions and their impact on energy consumption.
{"title":"Increasing the Energy Performance of Existing Buildings in Cold Climate Regions","authors":"Ayşegül Er, F. Çakıcı, Semra Arslan Selçuk","doi":"10.3311/ppar.20968","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3311/ppar.20968","url":null,"abstract":"High energy consumption in regions with harsh climatic conditions makes it difficult to reach energy consumption targets. This study considers design decisions affecting energy consumption for cold climate regions; the position of the building, its orientation, building envelope elements and building materials were examined. In line with these decisions, a field study was conducted by researching the energy-efficient renovation of existing social housing structures in cold climate regions. For the field study, social housing in Erzurum was selected, and the current heating energy consumption of the building was simulated using the Design Builder program. By creating energy-efficient renewal scenarios that can be economically and physically enacted, the U-values and thicknesses of the building envelope elements were changed, and 14 renewal simulations were carried out for five scenarios. The effects of each renovation scenario on the current heating energy consumption were examined, and the results were compared. With the most efficient replacement scenario, it was observed that the heating energy consumption decreased by an average of 31%. The data obtained informed decisions for building envelope element selection within the scope of energy-efficient renewal studies in cold climate regions and their impact on energy consumption.","PeriodicalId":33684,"journal":{"name":"Periodica Polytechnica Architecture","volume":"10 2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82503423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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