Built environments have destructive effects on the natural environment as one of the responsible actors in increasing energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. Therefore, all types of energy-efficient and sustainable improvement studies for the existing building stock are pivotal in reducing the adverse effects on the environment. Although the measures taken and targets determined in line with the policy regulations implemented on a global scale are promising, the proliferation rate of these practices is relatively low. The retrofit process's complex nature, which requires multi-dimensional solutions involving several aspects, increases the significance of relevant studies. In this context, it is thought that it will be beneficial to monitor, analyse and assess contemporary studies in determining the areas that require further research. This study presents a comprehensive literature analysis using the science mapping method using bibliometric data of qualified academic studies published since 2000 when research on the energy-efficient retrofit of existing buildings gained momentum. It aims to contribute to the literature by determining the research areas in which the contemporary research concentrates and evaluating future studies on "energy efficient retrofit of existing buildings".
{"title":"Global Research Trends on Energy Efficient Retrofitting in Existing Buildings","authors":"A. Coşkun, Semra Arslan Selçuk","doi":"10.3311/ppar.18507","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3311/ppar.18507","url":null,"abstract":"Built environments have destructive effects on the natural environment as one of the responsible actors in increasing energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. Therefore, all types of energy-efficient and sustainable improvement studies for the existing building stock are pivotal in reducing the adverse effects on the environment. Although the measures taken and targets determined in line with the policy regulations implemented on a global scale are promising, the proliferation rate of these practices is relatively low. The retrofit process's complex nature, which requires multi-dimensional solutions involving several aspects, increases the significance of relevant studies. In this context, it is thought that it will be beneficial to monitor, analyse and assess contemporary studies in determining the areas that require further research. This study presents a comprehensive literature analysis using the science mapping method using bibliometric data of qualified academic studies published since 2000 when research on the energy-efficient retrofit of existing buildings gained momentum. It aims to contribute to the literature by determining the research areas in which the contemporary research concentrates and evaluating future studies on \"energy efficient retrofit of existing buildings\".","PeriodicalId":33684,"journal":{"name":"Periodica Polytechnica Architecture","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87121087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Emergency shelter areas, which are important in terms of gathering the survivors in a safe place during and after a devastating disaster, should be properly evaluated and determined before the disaster occurs. This study, it is aimed to develop a model that will allow the evaluation of existing emergency shelter areas and guide the area determination processes for new regulations. In line with the purpose, emergency shelter areas in Erciş-Van, affected by many potential natural disasters such as the 7.1 earthquake in 2011 and the flood in 2021, were evaluated. The proposed solution approach for the problem of selecting emergency shelter area consists of three primary stages. In the first stage, problem hierarchy and the criteria in the selection and evaluation of the emergency shelter areas were determined. Three main criteria and ten sub-criteria were determined for the evaluation of emergency shelter areas with content analysis. Then, the criteria weights were calculated using the AHP method, which shows the importance of the relevant criteria. At the last stage, 12 alternative emergency meeting areas in Erciş are evaluated using the TOPSIS method and ranked according to their priorities. The Field Properties Criteria were determined to be a high-weighted criterion, and Kışla Shelter Area was determined as the best alternative. This study presents a guide model that will help governments to determine new emergency shelter areas within the scope of disaster management, with evaluations for emergency shelter areas, and determined criteria weights.
{"title":"Selection of Emergency Shelter Areas Using Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Techniques: An Assessment of the Case of Erciş-Van, Turkey","authors":"Z. İlerisoy, Berru İzel Gökgöz, Asena Soyluk","doi":"10.3311/ppar.19410","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3311/ppar.19410","url":null,"abstract":"Emergency shelter areas, which are important in terms of gathering the survivors in a safe place during and after a devastating disaster, should be properly evaluated and determined before the disaster occurs. This study, it is aimed to develop a model that will allow the evaluation of existing emergency shelter areas and guide the area determination processes for new regulations. In line with the purpose, emergency shelter areas in Erciş-Van, affected by many potential natural disasters such as the 7.1 earthquake in 2011 and the flood in 2021, were evaluated. The proposed solution approach for the problem of selecting emergency shelter area consists of three primary stages. In the first stage, problem hierarchy and the criteria in the selection and evaluation of the emergency shelter areas were determined. Three main criteria and ten sub-criteria were determined for the evaluation of emergency shelter areas with content analysis. Then, the criteria weights were calculated using the AHP method, which shows the importance of the relevant criteria. At the last stage, 12 alternative emergency meeting areas in Erciş are evaluated using the TOPSIS method and ranked according to their priorities. The Field Properties Criteria were determined to be a high-weighted criterion, and Kışla Shelter Area was determined as the best alternative. This study presents a guide model that will help governments to determine new emergency shelter areas within the scope of disaster management, with evaluations for emergency shelter areas, and determined criteria weights.","PeriodicalId":33684,"journal":{"name":"Periodica Polytechnica Architecture","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75968235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nischal Chaulagain, B. Baral, H. Davidsson, S. Burke
Experimental field measurements regarding airtightness following the fan pressurisation method were done on 25 typical residential buildings at different locations in Nepal. The field measurement data were classified according to building type and building age. The mean air permeability (Q50 ) for the studied buildings was 6.9 l/s·m2 and the mean air change rate was 55.5 air changes per hour at 50 Pa. The maximum air leakage rate (Q50 ) was 28.4 l/s·m2 for brick masonry in mud mortar type and the minimum recorded was 1.7 l/s·m2 for brick masonry in cement mortar type building. Brick masonry in mud mortar-type buildings was found to be leakier regardless of the building age, and brick masonry in cement mortar-type buildings was comparatively more airtight. Leakage locations identified through visual inspection included the spacing between the door frame and operable door area, horizontal window slider, joint areas of window frame and wall, wood plank-based wall structure, roof joint areas and holes in the wall. This research is the first of its kind in Nepal to assess the airtightness of buildings, and the outcome of this research is one of the key parameters to evaluate the thermal performance of Nepalese buildings scientifically.
{"title":"Airtightness of Nepalese Residential Buildings","authors":"Nischal Chaulagain, B. Baral, H. Davidsson, S. Burke","doi":"10.3311/ppar.18648","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3311/ppar.18648","url":null,"abstract":"Experimental field measurements regarding airtightness following the fan pressurisation method were done on 25 typical residential buildings at different locations in Nepal. The field measurement data were classified according to building type and building age. The mean air permeability (Q50 ) for the studied buildings was 6.9 l/s·m2 and the mean air change rate was 55.5 air changes per hour at 50 Pa. The maximum air leakage rate (Q50 ) was 28.4 l/s·m2 for brick masonry in mud mortar type and the minimum recorded was 1.7 l/s·m2 for brick masonry in cement mortar type building. Brick masonry in mud mortar-type buildings was found to be leakier regardless of the building age, and brick masonry in cement mortar-type buildings was comparatively more airtight. Leakage locations identified through visual inspection included the spacing between the door frame and operable door area, horizontal window slider, joint areas of window frame and wall, wood plank-based wall structure, roof joint areas and holes in the wall. This research is the first of its kind in Nepal to assess the airtightness of buildings, and the outcome of this research is one of the key parameters to evaluate the thermal performance of Nepalese buildings scientifically.","PeriodicalId":33684,"journal":{"name":"Periodica Polytechnica Architecture","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85944831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Maaloula is a Christian village with exceptional architecture and location. It has a world reputation due to its dialect; people converse and write in the Aramaic language. It is one of the Qalamoun's three villages with Bakhaa and Jabaden. Consequently, the village has attracted linguists worldwide; moreover, it has been the goal of many travellers since the 19th century. Like many of the traditional sites, Maaloula was affected by modern lifestyles and changing needs. These factors altered the village's architecture and construction techniques. This paper highlights the main characteristics that have been identified by Maaloula's situation. The article will cover various traditional features and the main typology of houses that are starting to disappear. Finally, the difficulties that Maaloula faced before, during and after the Syrian crisis.
{"title":"Traditional Architecture of Maaloula","authors":"Rama Aldaher","doi":"10.3311/ppar.17162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3311/ppar.17162","url":null,"abstract":"Maaloula is a Christian village with exceptional architecture and location. It has a world reputation due to its dialect; people converse and write in the Aramaic language. It is one of the Qalamoun's three villages with Bakhaa and Jabaden. Consequently, the village has attracted linguists worldwide; moreover, it has been the goal of many travellers since the 19th century. Like many of the traditional sites, Maaloula was affected by modern lifestyles and changing needs. These factors altered the village's architecture and construction techniques. This paper highlights the main characteristics that have been identified by Maaloula's situation. The article will cover various traditional features and the main typology of houses that are starting to disappear. Finally, the difficulties that Maaloula faced before, during and after the Syrian crisis.","PeriodicalId":33684,"journal":{"name":"Periodica Polytechnica Architecture","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79743234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Environmental and anatomic factors determine the limits of an individual's participation in daily activities. Design decisions determine the inclusivity of the built environment. Within this respect, disability studies take place in the architecture curriculum. This study investigates the disability and design relation within the context of architectural education. It seeks to answer how the experiencing method affects the approach of architecture students to the disability concept. For this purpose, the experiences and activities of undergraduate students of the "Disability in Design" elective course in the Department of Architecture at Duzce University have been analysed and evaluated. Within the scope of the study, enrolled students were asked to form 3–5 membered groups, choose a disability type, and experience the campus according to the determined disability. Data sources of this study are video recordings, empathy maps, student groups' reports, and observation results. The students' work was analysed and discussed to identify the effects of experiencing on disability awareness. The participating students of this study showed that through experiencing, they could relate the designed environment to the physical, emotional, and social aspects of disability. This study reveals that the experiencing method can be a powerful tool to help students comprehend the influential role of design decisions in the participation of different user groups in daily life.
{"title":"Architecture as a Matter of Inclusion: Constructing Disability Awareness in Architectural Education","authors":"Ilayda Soyupak","doi":"10.3311/ppar.16743","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3311/ppar.16743","url":null,"abstract":"Environmental and anatomic factors determine the limits of an individual's participation in daily activities. Design decisions determine the inclusivity of the built environment. Within this respect, disability studies take place in the architecture curriculum. This study investigates the disability and design relation within the context of architectural education. It seeks to answer how the experiencing method affects the approach of architecture students to the disability concept. For this purpose, the experiences and activities of undergraduate students of the \"Disability in Design\" elective course in the Department of Architecture at Duzce University have been analysed and evaluated. Within the scope of the study, enrolled students were asked to form 3–5 membered groups, choose a disability type, and experience the campus according to the determined disability. Data sources of this study are video recordings, empathy maps, student groups' reports, and observation results. The students' work was analysed and discussed to identify the effects of experiencing on disability awareness. The participating students of this study showed that through experiencing, they could relate the designed environment to the physical, emotional, and social aspects of disability. This study reveals that the experiencing method can be a powerful tool to help students comprehend the influential role of design decisions in the participation of different user groups in daily life.","PeriodicalId":33684,"journal":{"name":"Periodica Polytechnica Architecture","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73519744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article aims to explore the Hungarian and foreign urban morphological studies as a basis for possible new investigation methods that can follow or innovate the existing methodologies. For this reason, the exploration of the currently known models is essential. The "classical" morphological studies dealt with the structural shapes, historical elements, and changes of the settlements, based mainly on empirical and manual research. In the 1980s, new "modern" research methods emerged with the help of computer software, statistical data and Geographical Information Systems, representing a quantitative approach. Today inter- and multidisciplinary morphological studies are also widespread, combining several areas like ecology, sociology or sustainability with urban studies providing new research directions.
{"title":"Urban Morphology: The Classical and Modern Research Methodologies","authors":"Ágnes Bertyák","doi":"10.3311/ppar.17988","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3311/ppar.17988","url":null,"abstract":"This article aims to explore the Hungarian and foreign urban morphological studies as a basis for possible new investigation methods that can follow or innovate the existing methodologies. For this reason, the exploration of the currently known models is essential. The \"classical\" morphological studies dealt with the structural shapes, historical elements, and changes of the settlements, based mainly on empirical and manual research. In the 1980s, new \"modern\" research methods emerged with the help of computer software, statistical data and Geographical Information Systems, representing a quantitative approach. Today inter- and multidisciplinary morphological studies are also widespread, combining several areas like ecology, sociology or sustainability with urban studies providing new research directions.","PeriodicalId":33684,"journal":{"name":"Periodica Polytechnica Architecture","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76707914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The present article is a review of ETFE (ethylene tetrafluoroethylene) material, with emphasis on the mechanical and fractural behaviour, considering that the material is becoming one of the most promising façades and roof materials due to its advantageous properties. This paper examines the basic chemical makeup of this copolymer and details the elastic-plastic and viscous properties through selected studies in the field. The paper also reviews the available phenomenological, continuum mechanical or rheological constitutive models focusing on the engineering application to the corresponding phenomena. A separate part of the article covers the existing fractural mechanical research on ETFE.
{"title":"An Extensive Review on the Viscoelastic-plastic and Fractural Mechanical Behaviour of ETFE Membranes","authors":"D. Karádi, Dezső Hegyi","doi":"10.3311/ppar.18403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3311/ppar.18403","url":null,"abstract":"The present article is a review of ETFE (ethylene tetrafluoroethylene) material, with emphasis on the mechanical and fractural behaviour, considering that the material is becoming one of the most promising façades and roof materials due to its advantageous properties. This paper examines the basic chemical makeup of this copolymer and details the elastic-plastic and viscous properties through selected studies in the field. The paper also reviews the available phenomenological, continuum mechanical or rheological constitutive models focusing on the engineering application to the corresponding phenomena. A separate part of the article covers the existing fractural mechanical research on ETFE.","PeriodicalId":33684,"journal":{"name":"Periodica Polytechnica Architecture","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76563711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study aims to evaluate the impact of the conservation planning and implementations on the cultural heritage values in a cultural landscape: Kuşadası, Aydın, Turkey. The study is limited to the decisions published on the Internet: decisions between 2013 and 2016. The methodology includes literature research, archive research in the related Regional Commission on the Conservation of Cultural Property, the Regional Directorate of Foundations, and the local administration. A site survey comprehending base map revision and photographic documentation, visual analysis, historical research and comparative study, and evaluation of conservation activities regarding concepts of conservation is also part of the research. As a result, conservation issues stem from inappropriate conservation implementations threatening the integrity of cultural heritage. The majority of the conservation implementations have focused on a single building scale. Unlicensed constructions stemming from insufficient control by the local administration in the historic urban environment and the lack of implementation of the conservation plan to remove inharmonious buildings and masses threatening the integrity of the urban layout. Preparation of a management plan, revision of the twenty-five-year-old conservation plan, and determination in their application are considered as indispensable for sustaining authenticity and integrity.
{"title":"Impact of Conservation Planning and Implementations on Cultural Heritage Values in the Historic Urban Site of Kuşadası","authors":"Elif Ece Yönetken-Candan, M. Hamamcıoğlu-Turan","doi":"10.3311/ppar.17794","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3311/ppar.17794","url":null,"abstract":"The study aims to evaluate the impact of the conservation planning and implementations on the cultural heritage values in a cultural landscape: Kuşadası, Aydın, Turkey. The study is limited to the decisions published on the Internet: decisions between 2013 and 2016. The methodology includes literature research, archive research in the related Regional Commission on the Conservation of Cultural Property, the Regional Directorate of Foundations, and the local administration. A site survey comprehending base map revision and photographic documentation, visual analysis, historical research and comparative study, and evaluation of conservation activities regarding concepts of conservation is also part of the research. As a result, conservation issues stem from inappropriate conservation implementations threatening the integrity of cultural heritage. The majority of the conservation implementations have focused on a single building scale. Unlicensed constructions stemming from insufficient control by the local administration in the historic urban environment and the lack of implementation of the conservation plan to remove inharmonious buildings and masses threatening the integrity of the urban layout. Preparation of a management plan, revision of the twenty-five-year-old conservation plan, and determination in their application are considered as indispensable for sustaining authenticity and integrity.","PeriodicalId":33684,"journal":{"name":"Periodica Polytechnica Architecture","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88544078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In both developing and industrialised countries, due to numerous time-related problems of construction projects, BIM-based time management, 4D BIM, plays an increasingly critical role within the industry. This study investigates the planning and scheduling problems, BIM application level, and BIM-based scheduling implementation by the lead construction companies in Turkey. Despite the critical importance of the planning department in construction companies, the planning and BIM integration levels have scarcely been investigated from the contractor perspective in Turkey. This paper presents the outcomes of 16 semi-structured interviews (SSI) with managers of the leading Turkish contractors selected from 100 of ENR’s 2019 Top 250 International Contractors list; a list of issues are outlined. The current situation escalates problems like tendering with missing project documents, examining 2D project drawings while scheduling, fragmentation, project manager’s reluctance to use and follow the project schedule, issues with updating the schedule as per construction improvements and quantities, and a lack of investment for BIM implementation. The research findings, ultimately, aim to help contractors improve their processes. Although this study’s findings are obtained from interviews with lead Turkish contractors, it is not limited in terms of geographic context since the interviewed contractors work worldwide.
{"title":"BIM Based Time Management Among Construction Contractors in Turkey","authors":"Ayşen Saraç Çıracıoğlu, H. Yaman","doi":"10.3311/ppar.17918","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3311/ppar.17918","url":null,"abstract":"In both developing and industrialised countries, due to numerous time-related problems of construction projects, BIM-based time management, 4D BIM, plays an increasingly critical role within the industry. This study investigates the planning and scheduling problems, BIM application level, and BIM-based scheduling implementation by the lead construction companies in Turkey. Despite the critical importance of the planning department in construction companies, the planning and BIM integration levels have scarcely been investigated from the contractor perspective in Turkey. This paper presents the outcomes of 16 semi-structured interviews (SSI) with managers of the leading Turkish contractors selected from 100 of ENR’s 2019 Top 250 International Contractors list; a list of issues are outlined. The current situation escalates problems like tendering with missing project documents, examining 2D project drawings while scheduling, fragmentation, project manager’s reluctance to use and follow the project schedule, issues with updating the schedule as per construction improvements and quantities, and a lack of investment for BIM implementation. The research findings, ultimately, aim to help contractors improve their processes. Although this study’s findings are obtained from interviews with lead Turkish contractors, it is not limited in terms of geographic context since the interviewed contractors work worldwide.","PeriodicalId":33684,"journal":{"name":"Periodica Polytechnica Architecture","volume":"76 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72763121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Architectural design and its education are physio- and socio-spatial activities. In other words, creating space is concerned with understanding the physical as well as the social/cultural context to produce meaning and values beyond determining and answering the right questions. Informal learning environments have always been an integral part of the profession even before its formal definition. Experiential learning or field trips play a significant role in architectural and spatial design education, yet procedural aspects of designing such a journey have not been discussed by educators regarding active and informal learning. This paper aims to understand the role of field trips and re-discover how they contribute to spatial design education at undergraduate level through the processes of learning by doing and research by design / design by research. The field trips, or the context, are discussed with a three-fold focus as an interdisciplinary design process: (1) Understanding the study field from macro to micro scale; (2) Experiencing and observing the society, culture and daily life; (3) Comparative studies through visits to buildings with similar programs. Case studies with local, national and international/foreign contexts from design studios of primary and secondary cycles are presented in order to illustrate this process.
{"title":"Architectural Travelers: The Role of Field Trips in Spatial Design Education","authors":"Berk Kesim, Nilüfer Baturayoğlu Yöney","doi":"10.3311/ppar.18861","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3311/ppar.18861","url":null,"abstract":"Architectural design and its education are physio- and socio-spatial activities. In other words, creating space is concerned with understanding the physical as well as the social/cultural context to produce meaning and values beyond determining and answering the right questions. Informal learning environments have always been an integral part of the profession even before its formal definition. Experiential learning or field trips play a significant role in architectural and spatial design education, yet procedural aspects of designing such a journey have not been discussed by educators regarding active and informal learning. This paper aims to understand the role of field trips and re-discover how they contribute to spatial design education at undergraduate level through the processes of learning by doing and research by design / design by research. The field trips, or the context, are discussed with a three-fold focus as an interdisciplinary design process: (1) Understanding the study field from macro to micro scale; (2) Experiencing and observing the society, culture and daily life; (3) Comparative studies through visits to buildings with similar programs. Case studies with local, national and international/foreign contexts from design studios of primary and secondary cycles are presented in order to illustrate this process.","PeriodicalId":33684,"journal":{"name":"Periodica Polytechnica Architecture","volume":"630 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74731787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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