Pub Date : 2024-03-31DOI: 10.51523/2708-6011.2024-21-1-14
Y. Brel, G. A. Medvedeva, A. S. Khaustava
Objective. To assess the gender characteristics of the concentration of cortisol, testosterone and vitamin D in blood serum in athletes, and to analyze the correlations between vitamin D levels and the hormonal status of athletes. Materials and methods. 52 athletes (32 men and 20 women) were examined, their age was 17-23, their sports specialization was cyclic sports (kayaking) and acyclic sports (gymnastics, martial arts), and qualification – candidates for master of sports, masters of sports. Venous blood was taken in the morning on an empty stomach before training loads. Determination of total testosterone and cortisol concentration and assessment of vitamin D level by determination of its metabolite 25(OH)D (25-hydroxyvitamin D) in blood serum was performed by immunochemiluminescent method. Results. In male athletes with vitamin D deficiency, serum testosterone concentration and anabolic index were significantly lower (p = 0.0093 and p = 0.0015, respectively) compared to the same indices in the group of athletes with normal vitamin D content. Correlation analysis in male athletes revealed a positive correlation between serum 25(OH)D (25-hydroxyvitamin D) content and testosterone concentration (r = 0.36; p < 0.05), as well as between 25(OH)D content and anabolic index (r = 0.42; p < 0.05). The group of female athletes with vitamin D deficiency showed significantly lower serum testosterone concentration compared to athletes with normal vitamin D levels (p = 0.0112). No significant relationships were found between vitamin D levels and cortisol concentrations in both male and female athlete groups. Conclusion. The study results can be the evidence of modulation effect of vitamin D on testosterone levels in male athletes, indicating the importance of controlling and correcting vitamin D content in the dynamics of the training process.
目的评估运动员血清中皮质醇、睾酮和维生素 D 浓度的性别特征，并分析维生素 D 水平与运动员荷尔蒙状态的相关性。 材料和方法研究对象为 52 名运动员（32 名男性和 20 名女性），他们的年龄在 17-23 岁之间，运动专项为周期性运动（皮划艇）和非周期性运动（体操、武术），资格--体育硕士候选人、体育硕士。静脉血在早晨空腹时抽取，然后再进行负荷训练。通过免疫化学发光法测定血清中总睾酮和皮质醇的浓度，并通过测定其代谢物 25(OH)D（25-羟基维生素 D）来评估维生素 D 的水平。 结果显示与维生素 D 含量正常的运动员组相比，维生素 D 缺乏的男性运动员的血清睾酮浓度和合成代谢指数明显较低（分别为 p = 0.0093 和 p = 0.0015）。对男性运动员进行的相关分析表明，血清中 25（OH）D（25-羟基维生素 D）含量与睾酮浓度之间呈正相关（r = 0.36；p < 0.05），25（OH）D 含量与合成代谢指数之间也呈正相关（r = 0.42；p < 0.05）。与维生素 D 含量正常的运动员相比，维生素 D 缺乏的女运动员血清睾酮浓度明显较低（p = 0.0112）。在男女运动员组中，维生素 D 水平与皮质醇浓度之间没有发现明显的关系。 结论研究结果可以证明维生素 D 对男性运动员睾酮水平的调节作用，表明在训练过程中控制和纠正维生素 D 含量的重要性。
{"title":"Gender peculiarities of cortisol, testosterone and vitamin D blood levels in athletes","authors":"Y. Brel, G. A. Medvedeva, A. S. Khaustava","doi":"10.51523/2708-6011.2024-21-1-14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51523/2708-6011.2024-21-1-14","url":null,"abstract":" Objective. To assess the gender characteristics of the concentration of cortisol, testosterone and vitamin D in blood serum in athletes, and to analyze the correlations between vitamin D levels and the hormonal status of athletes. Materials and methods. 52 athletes (32 men and 20 women) were examined, their age was 17-23, their sports specialization was cyclic sports (kayaking) and acyclic sports (gymnastics, martial arts), and qualification – candidates for master of sports, masters of sports. Venous blood was taken in the morning on an empty stomach before training loads. Determination of total testosterone and cortisol concentration and assessment of vitamin D level by determination of its metabolite 25(OH)D (25-hydroxyvitamin D) in blood serum was performed by immunochemiluminescent method. Results. In male athletes with vitamin D deficiency, serum testosterone concentration and anabolic index were significantly lower (p = 0.0093 and p = 0.0015, respectively) compared to the same indices in the group of athletes with normal vitamin D content. Correlation analysis in male athletes revealed a positive correlation between serum 25(OH)D (25-hydroxyvitamin D) content and testosterone concentration (r = 0.36; p < 0.05), as well as between 25(OH)D content and anabolic index (r = 0.42; p < 0.05). The group of female athletes with vitamin D deficiency showed significantly lower serum testosterone concentration compared to athletes with normal vitamin D levels (p = 0.0112). No significant relationships were found between vitamin D levels and cortisol concentrations in both male and female athlete groups. Conclusion. The study results can be the evidence of modulation effect of vitamin D on testosterone levels in male athletes, indicating the importance of controlling and correcting vitamin D content in the dynamics of the training process.","PeriodicalId":336889,"journal":{"name":"Health and Ecology Issues","volume":"31 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140360508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-31DOI: 10.51523/2708-6011.2024-21-1-11
A. N. Koval
Objective. To study the effect of incorporated 137Cs on the energy metabolism of the myocardium of white rats. Materials and methods. The work was carried out on 8 male white rats divided into 2 experimental groups, which were fed products contaminated with 137Cs for 7 days. Polarography was used to study the rate of oxygen consumption by myocardial tissue preparations on endogenous substrates, with the addition of exogenous succinic and glutamic acids, and with the addition of an uncoupler of oxidative phosphorylation, 2,4-dinitrophenol.Results. An increase in the rate of respiration on endogenous substrates caused by the uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation was noted. At the same time, no statistically significant change in the amount of endogenous substrates was found. Conclusion. The revealed violation of energy production in the myocardium of experimental animals is caused by the uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation, and can be explained by a change in the operation of potassium channels, which can explain the development of cardiovascular pathology under the action of ionizing radiation.
{"title":"Changes in energy metabolism of rat myocardium during exposure to ionizing radiation","authors":"A. N. Koval","doi":"10.51523/2708-6011.2024-21-1-11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51523/2708-6011.2024-21-1-11","url":null,"abstract":" Objective. To study the effect of incorporated 137Cs on the energy metabolism of the myocardium of white rats. Materials and methods. The work was carried out on 8 male white rats divided into 2 experimental groups, which were fed products contaminated with 137Cs for 7 days. Polarography was used to study the rate of oxygen consumption by myocardial tissue preparations on endogenous substrates, with the addition of exogenous succinic and glutamic acids, and with the addition of an uncoupler of oxidative phosphorylation, 2,4-dinitrophenol.Results. An increase in the rate of respiration on endogenous substrates caused by the uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation was noted. At the same time, no statistically significant change in the amount of endogenous substrates was found. Conclusion. The revealed violation of energy production in the myocardium of experimental animals is caused by the uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation, and can be explained by a change in the operation of potassium channels, which can explain the development of cardiovascular pathology under the action of ionizing radiation.","PeriodicalId":336889,"journal":{"name":"Health and Ecology Issues","volume":"26 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140360794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-30DOI: 10.51523/2708-6011.2024-21-1-05
D. P. Markevich, N. E. Viktorovich, T. V. Denisenko
Objective. To evaluate the possibility of ultrasound monitoring of optic nerve sheath diameter and blood flow velocity in cerebral arteries as predictors of craniocerebral trauma outcome. Materials and methods. 35 patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) were produced ultrasound monitoring of the optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) and blood flow velocity (BFV) in the middle cerebral artery (AMC) before surgery and for 10 days after craniotomy. A comparative analysis of blood flow in the A MC and ONSD was carried out between groups of patients with a favorable (group 1) and unfavorable (group 2) outcome of TBI. Results. Between the groups of patients with different outcome`s TBI, significant differences were revealed in the diameter of the optic nerve sheaths at the preoperative period and in the diastolic blood flow velocity in the MCA on the 9th day after surgery. In group 1, the ONSD was 4.7 [4.5; 5.1] mm, and in group 2 – 5.6 [5.4; 6] mm, p=0.003. On the 9th day after surgery, BFV at diastole in group 1 was 43.9 [38.7; 49.4] cm/sec, in group 2 – 28.7 [24.8; 36.7] cm/sec, p = 0.001. For ONSD in the preoperative period as a predictor of unfavorable outcome of TBI AUC=0.83, Se=88.8%, Sp=61.2%. For diastolic BFV in the AMC on the 9th day after surgery – AUC = 0.84, Se=93%, Sp = 52 %. Conclusion. In patients with traumatic brain injury, ultrasound examination shows that the diameter of the optic membranes before surgery is ≥5.6 mm and the blood flow velocity in the middle cerebral artery in diastole ≤28.7 cm/sec can be considered as predictors of an unfavorable outcome of TBI.
{"title":"Ultrasound predictors of outcome of traumatic brain injury","authors":"D. P. Markevich, N. E. Viktorovich, T. V. Denisenko","doi":"10.51523/2708-6011.2024-21-1-05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51523/2708-6011.2024-21-1-05","url":null,"abstract":" Objective. To evaluate the possibility of ultrasound monitoring of optic nerve sheath diameter and blood flow velocity in cerebral arteries as predictors of craniocerebral trauma outcome. Materials and methods. 35 patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) were produced ultrasound monitoring of the optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) and blood flow velocity (BFV) in the middle cerebral artery (AMC) before surgery and for 10 days after craniotomy. A comparative analysis of blood flow in the A MC and ONSD was carried out between groups of patients with a favorable (group 1) and unfavorable (group 2) outcome of TBI. Results. Between the groups of patients with different outcome`s TBI, significant differences were revealed in the diameter of the optic nerve sheaths at the preoperative period and in the diastolic blood flow velocity in the MCA on the 9th day after surgery. In group 1, the ONSD was 4.7 [4.5; 5.1] mm, and in group 2 – 5.6 [5.4; 6] mm, p=0.003. On the 9th day after surgery, BFV at diastole in group 1 was 43.9 [38.7; 49.4] cm/sec, in group 2 – 28.7 [24.8; 36.7] cm/sec, p = 0.001. For ONSD in the preoperative period as a predictor of unfavorable outcome of TBI AUC=0.83, Se=88.8%, Sp=61.2%. For diastolic BFV in the AMC on the 9th day after surgery – AUC = 0.84, Se=93%, Sp = 52 %. Conclusion. In patients with traumatic brain injury, ultrasound examination shows that the diameter of the optic membranes before surgery is ≥5.6 mm and the blood flow velocity in the middle cerebral artery in diastole ≤28.7 cm/sec can be considered as predictors of an unfavorable outcome of TBI.","PeriodicalId":336889,"journal":{"name":"Health and Ecology Issues","volume":"52 47","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140362896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-30DOI: 10.51523/2708-6011.2024-21-1-06
V. Vasilkova, I. Pchelin, Yana Naumenava, Y. Borovets, Y. Yarets, T. V. Mokhort
Objective. To study the features of structural and geometric cardiac remodeling in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) depending on the stage of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Materials and methods. We examined 499 patients (127 men and 322 women) with type 1 DM (133 people) and type 2 DM (316 people) aged 62 [52;69] years. The comparison group consisted of 65 randomly selected volunteering individuals (54 women and 11 men) without disorders of carbohydrate metabolism and kidney damage aged 59 [46;66] years. The laboratory examination of the patients included the measurement of serum creatinine, eGFR according to the CKD-EPI equation. An echocardiographic investigation was performed to study structural and geometric heart parameters. Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) was diagnosed when the left ventricular myocardial mass index (LVMI) exceeded 115 g/m2 in men and 95 g/m2 in women. Results. LVH was detected in 57.7 % of patients with DM, while in the comparison group – in 35.4 %. The frequency of LVH increased with a decrease in eGFR and was diagnosed in 100 % of cases with CKD 5. In patients with DM, the left ventricular concentric remodeling significantly predominated (29.2%). Multiple linear regression analysis demonstrated the influence of age (ß=0.30, p=0.01) and serum creatinine (ß = 0.15, p < 0.0001) on the LVMI, independent of other factors, which confirms their independent pathogenetic significance. Conclusion. Thus, patients with DM regardless of the CKD stage have structural and functional changes in the LV myocardium. Regardless of the nitrogen-excretion function of the kidneys, the predominant pattern of LV remodeling is concentric. The study of the features of structural and functional restructuring of the left heart in patients with diabetes should be taken into account in determining the cardiovascular prognosis.
{"title":"Features of structural and geometric cardiac remodeling in patients with diabetes mellitus depending on chronic kidney disease stages","authors":"V. Vasilkova, I. Pchelin, Yana Naumenava, Y. Borovets, Y. Yarets, T. V. Mokhort","doi":"10.51523/2708-6011.2024-21-1-06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51523/2708-6011.2024-21-1-06","url":null,"abstract":" Objective. To study the features of structural and geometric cardiac remodeling in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) depending on the stage of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Materials and methods. We examined 499 patients (127 men and 322 women) with type 1 DM (133 people) and type 2 DM (316 people) aged 62 [52;69] years. The comparison group consisted of 65 randomly selected volunteering individuals (54 women and 11 men) without disorders of carbohydrate metabolism and kidney damage aged 59 [46;66] years. The laboratory examination of the patients included the measurement of serum creatinine, eGFR according to the CKD-EPI equation. An echocardiographic investigation was performed to study structural and geometric heart parameters. Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) was diagnosed when the left ventricular myocardial mass index (LVMI) exceeded 115 g/m2 in men and 95 g/m2 in women. Results. LVH was detected in 57.7 % of patients with DM, while in the comparison group – in 35.4 %. The frequency of LVH increased with a decrease in eGFR and was diagnosed in 100 % of cases with CKD 5. In patients with DM, the left ventricular concentric remodeling significantly predominated (29.2%). Multiple linear regression analysis demonstrated the influence of age (ß=0.30, p=0.01) and serum creatinine (ß = 0.15, p < 0.0001) on the LVMI, independent of other factors, which confirms their independent pathogenetic significance. Conclusion. Thus, patients with DM regardless of the CKD stage have structural and functional changes in the LV myocardium. Regardless of the nitrogen-excretion function of the kidneys, the predominant pattern of LV remodeling is concentric. The study of the features of structural and functional restructuring of the left heart in patients with diabetes should be taken into account in determining the cardiovascular prognosis.","PeriodicalId":336889,"journal":{"name":"Health and Ecology Issues","volume":"51 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140363436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-29DOI: 10.51523/2708-6011.2024-21-1-03
А. М. Yurkovskiy, M. A. Boika
Objective. To systematize and analyze data on the use of imaging techniques in COVID-19-associated gastric and intestinal lesions. Materials and methods. An analysis of publications in PubMed, EMBASE and Web of Science systems was carried out in the period 2020-2023, describing the use of imaging techniques in patients with a confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19-associated gastrointestinal lesions. Results. The most frequent signs of COVID-19-associated gastric and intestinal lesions on abdominal imaging were identified, their incidence and approximate diagnostic significance were evaluated. Conclusion. The use of computed tomography and ultrasonography for the diagnosis of COVID-19-associated gastrointestinal lesions is hampered by the lack of clear ideas regarding the sensitivity, specificity, and prognostic value of the previously described radiologic signs of gastrointestinal lesions. In addition, there is no clear algorithm for the use of imaging methods in COVID-19-associated abdominal pain syndrome. The solution of these issues will optimize the use of imaging methods and reduce the time of diagnostic search.
目的系统整理和分析在 COVID-19 相关胃肠病变中使用成像技术的数据。 材料和方法。对 2020-2023 年间在 PubMed、EMBASE 和 Web of Science 系统中发表的、描述在确诊为 COVID-19 相关胃肠道病变的患者中使用成像技术的文献进行分析。 研究结果确定了COVID-19相关胃肠道病变在腹部成像中最常见的体征，评估了其发生率和大致的诊断意义。 得出结论。由于对之前描述的胃肠道病变放射学征象的敏感性、特异性和预后价值缺乏明确的认识，因此使用计算机断层扫描和超声波检查诊断 COVID-19 相关胃肠道病变受到了阻碍。此外，在 COVID-19 相关腹痛综合征中使用成像方法也没有明确的算法。这些问题的解决将优化影像学方法的使用并缩短诊断搜索的时间。
{"title":"Unresolved issues in the use of imaging techniques in COVID-19-associated lesions of the stomach intestine","authors":"А. М. Yurkovskiy, M. A. Boika","doi":"10.51523/2708-6011.2024-21-1-03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51523/2708-6011.2024-21-1-03","url":null,"abstract":" Objective. To systematize and analyze data on the use of imaging techniques in COVID-19-associated gastric and intestinal lesions. Materials and methods. An analysis of publications in PubMed, EMBASE and Web of Science systems was carried out in the period 2020-2023, describing the use of imaging techniques in patients with a confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19-associated gastrointestinal lesions. Results. The most frequent signs of COVID-19-associated gastric and intestinal lesions on abdominal imaging were identified, their incidence and approximate diagnostic significance were evaluated. Conclusion. The use of computed tomography and ultrasonography for the diagnosis of COVID-19-associated gastrointestinal lesions is hampered by the lack of clear ideas regarding the sensitivity, specificity, and prognostic value of the previously described radiologic signs of gastrointestinal lesions. In addition, there is no clear algorithm for the use of imaging methods in COVID-19-associated abdominal pain syndrome. The solution of these issues will optimize the use of imaging methods and reduce the time of diagnostic search.","PeriodicalId":336889,"journal":{"name":"Health and Ecology Issues","volume":"11 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140367495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-29DOI: 10.51523/2708-6011.2024-21-1-04
N. V. Halinouskaya, O. V. Nak, A. V. Skachkou
Objective. To form a clinical and functional characterization of patients with chronic dizziness. Materials and methods. A single one-stage cohort study of 32 patients with chronic dizziness (CD), among them 26 women and 6 men, mean age - 49 [36.5; 51.5] years, was conducted. Patients were examined by objective neurologic examination, laboratory (general and biochemical blood tests) and instrumental (radiography, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), ultrasound) methods were used during the study. Barany’s test was also performed, and neuropsychological testing was performed. The data were processed using descriptive statistical methods of the application package “Statistica”, 10.0. Results. During the examination, patients complained of dizziness (100 %) and shakiness when walking (84 %), provoked mainly by intermittent visual stimuli (31 % each). Subjective neurological deficit in patients with CD was caused by kinesthetic sensations of instability (34 %), accompanied by decreased attention and memory (28 %). Objectively, the phase of optokinetic nystagmus in Barany’s test lengthened in the studied group - 190 [170; 225] s and the time of balance retention in Romberg’s pose decreased - 3 [2; 5] s. CD patients were characterized by high personality anxiety - 53 [44; 53] points and autonomic imbalance according to the questionnaire of A.M. Vein - 42 [40; 44] points. We did not reveal a connection of CD with structural anomalies, pathology of brachiocephalic vessels. Conclusion. The clinical and functional status of CD patients was characterized by the absence of focal lesions of the nervous system and a small number of concomitant diseases causing vertigo. At the same time, the patients’ subjective sensations underlying the perception of non-existent stimuli led to impaired maintenance of vertical body position and, in turn, formed an anxiety disorder.
{"title":"Clinical and functional characteristics of patients with chronic dizziness","authors":"N. V. Halinouskaya, O. V. Nak, A. V. Skachkou","doi":"10.51523/2708-6011.2024-21-1-04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51523/2708-6011.2024-21-1-04","url":null,"abstract":" Objective. To form a clinical and functional characterization of patients with chronic dizziness. Materials and methods. A single one-stage cohort study of 32 patients with chronic dizziness (CD), among them 26 women and 6 men, mean age - 49 [36.5; 51.5] years, was conducted. Patients were examined by objective neurologic examination, laboratory (general and biochemical blood tests) and instrumental (radiography, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), ultrasound) methods were used during the study. Barany’s test was also performed, and neuropsychological testing was performed. The data were processed using descriptive statistical methods of the application package “Statistica”, 10.0. Results. During the examination, patients complained of dizziness (100 %) and shakiness when walking (84 %), provoked mainly by intermittent visual stimuli (31 % each). Subjective neurological deficit in patients with CD was caused by kinesthetic sensations of instability (34 %), accompanied by decreased attention and memory (28 %). Objectively, the phase of optokinetic nystagmus in Barany’s test lengthened in the studied group - 190 [170; 225] s and the time of balance retention in Romberg’s pose decreased - 3 [2; 5] s. CD patients were characterized by high personality anxiety - 53 [44; 53] points and autonomic imbalance according to the questionnaire of A.M. Vein - 42 [40; 44] points. We did not reveal a connection of CD with structural anomalies, pathology of brachiocephalic vessels. Conclusion. The clinical and functional status of CD patients was characterized by the absence of focal lesions of the nervous system and a small number of concomitant diseases causing vertigo. At the same time, the patients’ subjective sensations underlying the perception of non-existent stimuli led to impaired maintenance of vertical body position and, in turn, formed an anxiety disorder.","PeriodicalId":336889,"journal":{"name":"Health and Ecology Issues","volume":"51 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140366466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-28DOI: 10.51523/2708-6011.2024-21-1-01
A. Litvin, I. Stoma, T. Sharshakova, S. B. Rumovskaya, A. A. Kyovalev
The purpose of the narrative review is to provide a descriptive analysis of the emerging capabilities of artificial intelligence (AI) to improve the diagnosis, prevention and treatment of various diseases. The article discusses which modern AI tools can be used in clinical practice, healthcare organization and medical education. The paper considers various aspects of medical AI systems, which are mainly computer support systems for medical decision-making in the process of clinical work. Much attention is paid to the possibilities of generative AI in medicine. Potential applications of AI in clinical practice have been investigated, highlighting promising prospects for both practitioners and their patients. The limitations associated with the use of AI in various fields of medicine are described, and possible ways of solving them are suggested. The problems of information security and ethical constraints associated with the introduction of AI are outlined. The broad integration of AI into public health will enhance clinical and management decision support, speed up disease diagnosis, and improve the overall quality and accessibility of healthcare services.
{"title":"New possibilities of artificial intelligence in medicine: a narrative review","authors":"A. Litvin, I. Stoma, T. Sharshakova, S. B. Rumovskaya, A. A. Kyovalev","doi":"10.51523/2708-6011.2024-21-1-01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51523/2708-6011.2024-21-1-01","url":null,"abstract":" The purpose of the narrative review is to provide a descriptive analysis of the emerging capabilities of artificial intelligence (AI) to improve the diagnosis, prevention and treatment of various diseases. The article discusses which modern AI tools can be used in clinical practice, healthcare organization and medical education. The paper considers various aspects of medical AI systems, which are mainly computer support systems for medical decision-making in the process of clinical work. Much attention is paid to the possibilities of generative AI in medicine. Potential applications of AI in clinical practice have been investigated, highlighting promising prospects for both practitioners and their patients. The limitations associated with the use of AI in various fields of medicine are described, and possible ways of solving them are suggested. The problems of information security and ethical constraints associated with the introduction of AI are outlined. The broad integration of AI into public health will enhance clinical and management decision support, speed up disease diagnosis, and improve the overall quality and accessibility of healthcare services.","PeriodicalId":336889,"journal":{"name":"Health and Ecology Issues","volume":"67 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140371579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-28DOI: 10.51523/2708-6011.2024-21-1-02
D. O. Tsymbal
Objective. To determine the degree of manifestation of antioxidant, oncoprotective, anti-inflammatory properties of quercetin-like compounds of a number of flavonoids based on a comparative analysis of the complexing activity of oxygen-containing functional groups. Materials and methods. Analysis and systematization of literary data, a rationalistic method of modeling the properties of molecular systems. Results. The expediency of determining the structural identity of separate sections of molecules of various flavonoids for the subsequent determination of the degree of correlation of their biological properties is shown. Conclusion. Comparison of biological properties of substances of plant origin in combination with application of the latest extraction methods will help to accelerate drug development at the stage of obtaining a new active substance.
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Pub Date : 2024-01-05DOI: 10.51523/2708-6011.2023-20-4-10
D. P. Salivonchyk, T. A. Kurman
Objective. To determine the predictors of an unfavorable outcome in patients with severe pneumonia against the background of COVID-19 infection.Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of the case histories of deceased patients (control group, n = 40) for January 2021 (a continuous sample — 15.01.21–31.01.21) and surviving patients for the same period (n = 40) with a confirmed PCR diagnosis of coronavirus infection, who were on inpatient treatment at the state healthcare institution “Gomel City Clinical Hospital No. 3” (SHI “GCCH №3”) in Gomel. The Ethical Committee of SHI “GCCH №3” found no violations contradicting ethics and morality in conducting the study. Treatment of patients, assessment of the severity of the condition were carried out according to modern protocols for the diagnosis and treatment of COVID-19 infection, approved by the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Belarus (No. 1195 of 11.11.2020). The group of surviving patients was represented by 11 men and 29 women versus 24 men and 16 women in the control group (p < 0.05).According to computed tomography of chest organs (CT CO), all 80 patients had signs of bilateral viral pneumonia characteristic of COVID-19. When processing and describing CT data, a semi-quantitative scale was used to estimate the volume of infiltration and consolidation zones of the lungs, recommended by temporary protocols. The total volume of lung damage in COVID-19 infection (“frosted glasses”, “cobblestone pavement”, “consolidation sites”) was > 55% in both groups, p > 0.05. CT CO was performed on Somatom Emotion 6 (Siemens) with a spiral type of scanning.Patients of both groups were comparable in age, concomitant comorbid pathology: coronary heart disease (CHD), arterial hypertension (AH), diabetes mellitus (DM), etc., however, they had differences in gender (the proportion of males prevailed in the group of deceased). A feature of the study was a solid sample among deceased patients. Taking into account the group differences by gender, in this study, an additional comparison of the results by gender was carried out. Results. The course of COVID-19 infection at the stationary stage is characterized by large-scale negative clinical dynamics, fever, “explosion” of acute phase indicators, thrombosis, distress syndrome with a drop in saturation and unfavorable outcomes. The indicators obtained using the NEWS-2, SHOCK-COVID scales (scales for predicting the severity of the clinical course of coronavirus infection) in severe patients, although they indicate a worsening of the patient’s clinical condition, but rather late, when the “cytokine storm”, powerful inflammation, thrombosis, significant damage to lung tissue already dominate among clinical syndromes, the decrease in saturation and the effectiveness of drug therapy is significantly limited.Conclusion. According to the results of the study, it is recommended to divide patients into groups of moderate and high risk of adverse outcome based on clini
{"title":"Predictors of an unfavorable outcome in patients with severe pneumonia against the background of COVID-19 infection","authors":"D. P. Salivonchyk, T. A. Kurman","doi":"10.51523/2708-6011.2023-20-4-10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51523/2708-6011.2023-20-4-10","url":null,"abstract":"Objective. To determine the predictors of an unfavorable outcome in patients with severe pneumonia against the background of COVID-19 infection.Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of the case histories of deceased patients (control group, n = 40) for January 2021 (a continuous sample — 15.01.21–31.01.21) and surviving patients for the same period (n = 40) with a confirmed PCR diagnosis of coronavirus infection, who were on inpatient treatment at the state healthcare institution “Gomel City Clinical Hospital No. 3” (SHI “GCCH №3”) in Gomel. The Ethical Committee of SHI “GCCH №3” found no violations contradicting ethics and morality in conducting the study. Treatment of patients, assessment of the severity of the condition were carried out according to modern protocols for the diagnosis and treatment of COVID-19 infection, approved by the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Belarus (No. 1195 of 11.11.2020). The group of surviving patients was represented by 11 men and 29 women versus 24 men and 16 women in the control group (p < 0.05).According to computed tomography of chest organs (CT CO), all 80 patients had signs of bilateral viral pneumonia characteristic of COVID-19. When processing and describing CT data, a semi-quantitative scale was used to estimate the volume of infiltration and consolidation zones of the lungs, recommended by temporary protocols. The total volume of lung damage in COVID-19 infection (“frosted glasses”, “cobblestone pavement”, “consolidation sites”) was > 55% in both groups, p > 0.05. CT CO was performed on Somatom Emotion 6 (Siemens) with a spiral type of scanning.Patients of both groups were comparable in age, concomitant comorbid pathology: coronary heart disease (CHD), arterial hypertension (AH), diabetes mellitus (DM), etc., however, they had differences in gender (the proportion of males prevailed in the group of deceased). A feature of the study was a solid sample among deceased patients. Taking into account the group differences by gender, in this study, an additional comparison of the results by gender was carried out. Results. The course of COVID-19 infection at the stationary stage is characterized by large-scale negative clinical dynamics, fever, “explosion” of acute phase indicators, thrombosis, distress syndrome with a drop in saturation and unfavorable outcomes. The indicators obtained using the NEWS-2, SHOCK-COVID scales (scales for predicting the severity of the clinical course of coronavirus infection) in severe patients, although they indicate a worsening of the patient’s clinical condition, but rather late, when the “cytokine storm”, powerful inflammation, thrombosis, significant damage to lung tissue already dominate among clinical syndromes, the decrease in saturation and the effectiveness of drug therapy is significantly limited.Conclusion. According to the results of the study, it is recommended to divide patients into groups of moderate and high risk of adverse outcome based on clini","PeriodicalId":336889,"journal":{"name":"Health and Ecology Issues","volume":"24 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139535706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-05DOI: 10.51523/2708-6011.2023-20-4-12
I. А. Chelnokova, N. M. Shkliarava, N. Yegorenkov, M. Starodubtseva
Objective. By the means of atomic force microscopy to determine the changes in the parameters of the structural and mechanical properties of peripheral blood lymphocytes induced by the irradiation of whole blood by X-rays and identifying the possibility of assessing a state and radiation-induced lymphocyte death programs by analyzing a set of such parameters.Materials and methods. Whole blood of rats and humans was irradiated with X-rays (1–100 Gy) in vitro. Lymphocytes were isolated from the blood after a day of storage, placed on glass slides, fixed with glutaraldehyde and dried. The study of structural and mechanical properties was carried out with the help of atomic force microscope Bruker Bioscope Resolve in Peak Force QNM mode in air. For the sets of AFM parameters, which included elastic modulus, adhesion force, cell surface roughness and cell sizes, a k-mean clustering of data was carried out for the studied experimental groups.Results. The X-ray irradiation of the blood caused changes in the structural and mechanical properties of lymphocytes measured by AFM at the nanoscale. Clustering analysis of the sets of AFM parameters revealed clusters with similar structure in each experimental group (humans, 6and 16-month rats). The studied four clusters were associated with cell states and cell death programs: non-activated cells, activated cells with increased stiffness, apoptotic cells with reduced stiffness, and cells dying via programs other than apoptotic ones with increased stiffness. Each cluster (cell type) with a specific set of AFM parameters was represented differently in the blood lymphocyte population, depending on the dose of X-rays.Conclusion. The set of ACM parameters of lymphocytes including elastic modulus, adhesion force, roughness, and cell sizes, can be helpful for automatically determining the state and death program of lymphocytes after the local irradiation of humans with the involvement of peripheral blood (for example, after radio-therapeutic causes).
研究目的通过原子力显微镜确定 X 射线照射全血诱导的外周血淋巴细胞结构和机械特性参数的变化，并通过分析一组此类参数确定评估状态和辐射诱导的淋巴细胞死亡程序的可能性。在体外用 X 射线（1-100 Gy）照射大鼠和人类的全血。储存一天后从血液中分离出淋巴细胞，放在玻璃载玻片上，用戊二醛固定并干燥。在空气中使用原子力显微镜 Bruker Bioscope Resolve 的峰值力 QNM 模式进行结构和机械特性研究。对于原子力显微镜参数集，包括弹性模量、粘附力、细胞表面粗糙度和细胞大小，对所研究的实验组进行了 k-mean 数据聚类。血液经 X 射线照射后，用原子力显微镜测量的淋巴细胞的结构和机械特性在纳米尺度上发生了变化。对原子力显微镜参数集的聚类分析显示，每个实验组（人类、6 个月大鼠和 16 个月大鼠）都有结构相似的群集。所研究的四个聚类与细胞状态和细胞死亡程序有关：非活化细胞、活化细胞（硬度增加）、凋亡细胞（硬度降低）和通过凋亡程序以外的程序死亡的细胞（硬度增加）。根据 X 射线剂量的不同，血液淋巴细胞群中具有一组特定 AFM 参数的每个群组（细胞类型）的表现也不同。淋巴细胞的 ACM 参数集（包括弹性模量、粘附力、粗糙度和细胞大小）有助于自动确定人体外周血局部照射后（如放射治疗后）淋巴细胞的状态和死亡程序。
{"title":"Mechanical and structural properties of rat and human lymphocytes after the exposure of the whole blood to X-rays in vitro","authors":"I. А. Chelnokova, N. M. Shkliarava, N. Yegorenkov, M. Starodubtseva","doi":"10.51523/2708-6011.2023-20-4-12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51523/2708-6011.2023-20-4-12","url":null,"abstract":"Objective. By the means of atomic force microscopy to determine the changes in the parameters of the structural and mechanical properties of peripheral blood lymphocytes induced by the irradiation of whole blood by X-rays and identifying the possibility of assessing a state and radiation-induced lymphocyte death programs by analyzing a set of such parameters.Materials and methods. Whole blood of rats and humans was irradiated with X-rays (1–100 Gy) in vitro. Lymphocytes were isolated from the blood after a day of storage, placed on glass slides, fixed with glutaraldehyde and dried. The study of structural and mechanical properties was carried out with the help of atomic force microscope Bruker Bioscope Resolve in Peak Force QNM mode in air. For the sets of AFM parameters, which included elastic modulus, adhesion force, cell surface roughness and cell sizes, a k-mean clustering of data was carried out for the studied experimental groups.Results. The X-ray irradiation of the blood caused changes in the structural and mechanical properties of lymphocytes measured by AFM at the nanoscale. Clustering analysis of the sets of AFM parameters revealed clusters with similar structure in each experimental group (humans, 6and 16-month rats). The studied four clusters were associated with cell states and cell death programs: non-activated cells, activated cells with increased stiffness, apoptotic cells with reduced stiffness, and cells dying via programs other than apoptotic ones with increased stiffness. Each cluster (cell type) with a specific set of AFM parameters was represented differently in the blood lymphocyte population, depending on the dose of X-rays.Conclusion. The set of ACM parameters of lymphocytes including elastic modulus, adhesion force, roughness, and cell sizes, can be helpful for automatically determining the state and death program of lymphocytes after the local irradiation of humans with the involvement of peripheral blood (for example, after radio-therapeutic causes).","PeriodicalId":336889,"journal":{"name":"Health and Ecology Issues","volume":"22 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139536021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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