Pub Date : 2024-01-05DOI: 10.51523/2708-6011.2023-20-4-08
A. Lyzikov, E. L. Artyushkov, Y. Y. Doroshko, M. Kaplan
Objective. To give a clinical assessment and conduct a comparative analysis of the frequency of postoperative complications in patients with free and strangulated hernias of various localizations after tension-free hernioplasty using synthetic implants.Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of 965 medical records of inpatient patients who underwent tension-free hernioplasty for hernias of various localizations in the period from 2018 to 2022 was carried out. The results of the study were processed using applied statistics using MS Excel and a software package for statistical analysis “Statistica v. 10.0”. Statistically significant differences were considered at p < 0.05.Results. The study revealed that in the postoperative period after tension-free hernioplasty in patients with strangulated hernias, the complication rate was 15.8%. At the same time, the frequency of complications was higher after “onlay” hernioplasty in patients with strangulated hernias than in patients with free hernias. The frequency of postoperative complications in patients with impaired postoperative ventral hernias is 8.3 times higher than in patients with free postoperative ventral hernias. In the postoperative period, complications such as seroma and infiltration of the postoperative wound were detected in 10.5 and 5.2% of cases in patients with strangulated hernias. The duration of inpatient treatment for patients with complications after hernioplasty is 2.6 times longer compared to patients without complications (p < 0,05).Conclusion. In the postoperative period, in patients with strangulated hernias, the incidence of complications was observed in 15.8% of cases, and in patients with free and irreducible hernias in 1.5% of cases. Clinically, such postoperative complications as seromas, infiltrates of the postoperative wound, ligature fistulas, scrotal hematoma, orchitis, abscess of the postoperative wound were identified.
目的对使用人工合成假体进行无张力疝成形术的不同定位游离和绞窄性疝患者术后并发症的发生频率进行临床评估和对比分析。对2018年至2022年期间因不同定位的疝而接受无张力疝成形术的965名住院患者的病历进行回顾性分析。研究结果使用 MS Excel 和统计分析软件包 "Statistica v. 10.0 "进行应用统计处理。以 P < 0.05 为差异有统计学意义。研究显示，绞窄性疝气患者在无张力疝成形术后的术后并发症发生率为 15.8%。同时，绞窄性疝气患者 "嵌顿 "疝成形术后的并发症发生率高于游离性疝气患者。术后腹股沟疝气受损患者出现术后并发症的频率是术后腹股沟疝气游离患者的 8.3 倍。术后出现血清肿和术后伤口浸润等并发症的比例分别为 10.5%和 5.2%。疝成形术后出现并发症的患者的住院治疗时间是无并发症患者的 2.6 倍（P < 0.05）。术后，15.8%的绞窄性疝气患者出现并发症，1.5%的游离性和不可复性疝气患者出现并发症。临床上发现的术后并发症有血清肿、术后伤口浸润、结扎瘘、阴囊血肿、睾丸炎、术后伤口脓肿等。
{"title":"Clinical characteristics and assessment of the frequency of complications after surgical treatment of patients with free and strangulated hernias using synthetic implants","authors":"A. Lyzikov, E. L. Artyushkov, Y. Y. Doroshko, M. Kaplan","doi":"10.51523/2708-6011.2023-20-4-08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51523/2708-6011.2023-20-4-08","url":null,"abstract":"Objective. To give a clinical assessment and conduct a comparative analysis of the frequency of postoperative complications in patients with free and strangulated hernias of various localizations after tension-free hernioplasty using synthetic implants.Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of 965 medical records of inpatient patients who underwent tension-free hernioplasty for hernias of various localizations in the period from 2018 to 2022 was carried out. The results of the study were processed using applied statistics using MS Excel and a software package for statistical analysis “Statistica v. 10.0”. Statistically significant differences were considered at p < 0.05.Results. The study revealed that in the postoperative period after tension-free hernioplasty in patients with strangulated hernias, the complication rate was 15.8%. At the same time, the frequency of complications was higher after “onlay” hernioplasty in patients with strangulated hernias than in patients with free hernias. The frequency of postoperative complications in patients with impaired postoperative ventral hernias is 8.3 times higher than in patients with free postoperative ventral hernias. In the postoperative period, complications such as seroma and infiltration of the postoperative wound were detected in 10.5 and 5.2% of cases in patients with strangulated hernias. The duration of inpatient treatment for patients with complications after hernioplasty is 2.6 times longer compared to patients without complications (p < 0,05).Conclusion. In the postoperative period, in patients with strangulated hernias, the incidence of complications was observed in 15.8% of cases, and in patients with free and irreducible hernias in 1.5% of cases. Clinically, such postoperative complications as seromas, infiltrates of the postoperative wound, ligature fistulas, scrotal hematoma, orchitis, abscess of the postoperative wound were identified.","PeriodicalId":336889,"journal":{"name":"Health and Ecology Issues","volume":"10 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139536039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-05DOI: 10.51523/2708-6011.2023-20-4-14
V. Davydov, T. V. Znovets, S. I. Marchuk, A. Babenka, E. L. Gasich, S. Zhavoronok
Objective. To conduct a clinical and molecular genetic study of two cases of acute hepatitis E in pregnant women from Belarus.Materials and methods. A total of 227 pregnant women with clinical symptoms of liver damage were included in the study. Blood serum samples were used for detection of antibodies to hepatitis E virus by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, virus nucleic acid was detected from fecal samples by reverse transcription nested polymerase chain reaction. The nucleotide sequence was determined on an automated sequencer using the Sanger method. Nucleotide sequences were analyzed, genotyped and evolutionary distances calculated using MEGA X software.Results. Out of 227 sera tested, immunoglobulins of class G to hepatitis E virus were detected in 15, which is 6.61%. M immunoglobulins were also detected in the blood of six pregnant women, which is 2.6%. Two clinically evident cases of acute hepatitis E were identified. One of the two patients ended her pregnancy with antenatal fetal death. Virus nucleic acid was isolated from another woman diagnosed with hepatitis E, who had an episode of nutritional contact with raw minced pork. The virus RNA sequence isolated from this patient’s body is clustered into a common phylogenetic branch with the sequence obtained from the body of a patient from Belarus with a history of kidney transplantation and sequences isolated from the body of a domestic pig in the Republic of Belarus.Conclusion. Hepatitis E virus poses a significant threat to pregnant women. A set of preventive measures against hepatitis E in pregnant women has been proposed.
目的：对白俄罗斯两例急性戊型肝炎孕妇进行临床和分子遗传学研究。对白俄罗斯两例孕妇急性戊型肝炎病例进行临床和分子遗传学研究。研究共纳入 227 名有肝损伤临床症状的孕妇。血清样本通过酶联免疫吸附试验检测戊型肝炎病毒抗体，粪便样本通过逆转录巢式聚合酶链反应检测病毒核酸。核苷酸序列在自动测序仪上用桑格法测定。使用 MEGA X 软件对核苷酸序列进行分析、基因分型和进化距离计算。在检测的 227 份血清中，15 份检测到戊型肝炎病毒 G 类免疫球蛋白，占 6.61%。在 6 名孕妇的血液中也检测到了 M 免疫球蛋白，占 2.6%。临床上发现了两例明显的急性戊型肝炎病例。其中一名患者因产前胎儿死亡而结束妊娠。从另一名被诊断为戊型肝炎的妇女体内分离出了病毒核酸，该妇女曾因营养接触生猪肉碎而感染戊型肝炎。从这名患者体内分离出的病毒 RNA 序列与从白俄罗斯一名有肾移植史的患者体内获得的序列以及从白俄罗斯共和国的一头家猪体内分离出的序列组成了一个共同的系统发育分支。戊型肝炎病毒对孕妇构成重大威胁。我们提出了一套预防孕妇感染戊型肝炎的措施。
{"title":"Viral hepatitis E in pregnant women in Belarus: clinical examples and molecular genetic characterization of the virus","authors":"V. Davydov, T. V. Znovets, S. I. Marchuk, A. Babenka, E. L. Gasich, S. Zhavoronok","doi":"10.51523/2708-6011.2023-20-4-14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51523/2708-6011.2023-20-4-14","url":null,"abstract":"Objective. To conduct a clinical and molecular genetic study of two cases of acute hepatitis E in pregnant women from Belarus.Materials and methods. A total of 227 pregnant women with clinical symptoms of liver damage were included in the study. Blood serum samples were used for detection of antibodies to hepatitis E virus by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, virus nucleic acid was detected from fecal samples by reverse transcription nested polymerase chain reaction. The nucleotide sequence was determined on an automated sequencer using the Sanger method. Nucleotide sequences were analyzed, genotyped and evolutionary distances calculated using MEGA X software.Results. Out of 227 sera tested, immunoglobulins of class G to hepatitis E virus were detected in 15, which is 6.61%. M immunoglobulins were also detected in the blood of six pregnant women, which is 2.6%. Two clinically evident cases of acute hepatitis E were identified. One of the two patients ended her pregnancy with antenatal fetal death. Virus nucleic acid was isolated from another woman diagnosed with hepatitis E, who had an episode of nutritional contact with raw minced pork. The virus RNA sequence isolated from this patient’s body is clustered into a common phylogenetic branch with the sequence obtained from the body of a patient from Belarus with a history of kidney transplantation and sequences isolated from the body of a domestic pig in the Republic of Belarus.Conclusion. Hepatitis E virus poses a significant threat to pregnant women. A set of preventive measures against hepatitis E in pregnant women has been proposed.","PeriodicalId":336889,"journal":{"name":"Health and Ecology Issues","volume":"58 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139536081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-05DOI: 10.51523/2708-6011.2023-20-4-19
A. V. Voropaeva, N. I. Shevchenko
Objective. To study the primary resistance of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) to levofloxacin in residents of Gomel region by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT PCR).Materials and methods. The study included 170 patients diagnosed with gastritis and duodenitis, K29, median age - years (25% and 75% 37 and 61 years). According to the questionnaire data of the patients, eradication therapy with levofloxacin was not performed for them. To determine the resistance of H. pylori to levofloxacin we used RT PCR. Results. Out of 170 DNA samples analyzed, 8 samples had doubtful results and according to the methodology for recording the results are subject to rearrangement from the DNA isolation stage. The remaining 162 samples were positive for the β-actin gene (internal control sample ICS) and were taken into account in further analysis (Ct, CY5 19.6-27.4). 16sRNA gene DNA (Ct, ROX 19.5-30.04), indicative of bacterial infection, was confirmed in 152 samples (93.8%). DNA of the gyrA gene (point mutations A259T, T261C, G261A, G271A, G271T and A272G) was detected in 19 of 152 DNA samples, and H. pylori resistance to levofloxacin was 12.5 %, (Ct, Hex 23.2-30.7). The positive control samples had characteristic curve growth on the corresponding detection channels, while the negative samples showed no curve growth.Conclusion. Primary resistance of H. pylori to levofloxacin in residents of Gomel region amounted to 12.5%. Mutations of gyrA gene are the most sensitive marker for predicting successful eradication when using fluoroquinolones, in particular levofloxacin. RT PCR is a reliable method of mutation detection and allows simultaneous detection of H. pylori DNA and resistance to levofloxacin, which significantly reduces the study time.
{"title":"Determination of Helicobacter pylori primary resistance to levofloxacin in gastric mucosal biopsy samples using real-time polymerase chain reaction","authors":"A. V. Voropaeva, N. I. Shevchenko","doi":"10.51523/2708-6011.2023-20-4-19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51523/2708-6011.2023-20-4-19","url":null,"abstract":"Objective. To study the primary resistance of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) to levofloxacin in residents of Gomel region by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT PCR).Materials and methods. The study included 170 patients diagnosed with gastritis and duodenitis, K29, median age - years (25% and 75% 37 and 61 years). According to the questionnaire data of the patients, eradication therapy with levofloxacin was not performed for them. To determine the resistance of H. pylori to levofloxacin we used RT PCR. Results. Out of 170 DNA samples analyzed, 8 samples had doubtful results and according to the methodology for recording the results are subject to rearrangement from the DNA isolation stage. The remaining 162 samples were positive for the β-actin gene (internal control sample ICS) and were taken into account in further analysis (Ct, CY5 19.6-27.4). 16sRNA gene DNA (Ct, ROX 19.5-30.04), indicative of bacterial infection, was confirmed in 152 samples (93.8%). DNA of the gyrA gene (point mutations A259T, T261C, G261A, G271A, G271T and A272G) was detected in 19 of 152 DNA samples, and H. pylori resistance to levofloxacin was 12.5 %, (Ct, Hex 23.2-30.7). The positive control samples had characteristic curve growth on the corresponding detection channels, while the negative samples showed no curve growth.Conclusion. Primary resistance of H. pylori to levofloxacin in residents of Gomel region amounted to 12.5%. Mutations of gyrA gene are the most sensitive marker for predicting successful eradication when using fluoroquinolones, in particular levofloxacin. RT PCR is a reliable method of mutation detection and allows simultaneous detection of H. pylori DNA and resistance to levofloxacin, which significantly reduces the study time.","PeriodicalId":336889,"journal":{"name":"Health and Ecology Issues","volume":"4 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139536132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-05DOI: 10.51523/2708-6011.2023-20-4-16
L. I. Danilova, V. A. Rozhko, I. V. Veyalkin, S. N. Nikanovich, T. Sharshakova
Objective. To evaluate the role of medical and organizational measures in improving the quality of early detection and medical examination of autoimmune thyroiditis in the population of the Republic of Belarus.Materials and methods. The data of population statistics and the State register of persons affected by the Chernobyl catastrophe and other accidents on cases of thyroid pathology, as well as outpatient records of patients were analyzed. Epidemiological, statistical and sociological methods were used.Results. It was noted that different clinical and laboratory variants of autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT) are encountered in clinical practice. Subclinical AIT with sonographic signs of the disease but without diagnostic concentrations of antibodies to thyroid peroxidase (AB/TPO) and disturbances of its function is registered in 14.1 (6.0-24.4) %. AIT with diagnostic concentrations of autoantibodies to AB/TPO, with preserved thyroid function or hypothyroidism occurs in 22.5 (13.534.0) % of the cohort subjects. The frequency of combining AIT with nodular neoplasms of the thyroid increased by the 4th stage of screening and reached 20.7 (11.2-33.4) %.The reasons for different approaches to diagnosis were analyzed and measures to improve organizational and medical measures for early detection and dispensary treatment of patients with AIT were proposed: groups of persons at high risk of AIT and primary hypothyroidism (PHT) were identified, an algorithm for early detection and dispensary treatment was developed, etc.Conclusion. When making a decision to improve the quality of medical care to the population of the Republic of Belarus on early detection and medical examination of patients with AIT, it is necessary to take into account the timeliness of thyroid status studies in the population, compliance with the terms of dynamic observation for persons at high risk of AIT and PHT development, peculiarities of clinical and laboratory variants of AIT course.
{"title":"The role of medical and organizational measures in improving the quality of early detection and clinical examination of autoimmune thyroiditis among the population of the Republic of Belarus","authors":"L. I. Danilova, V. A. Rozhko, I. V. Veyalkin, S. N. Nikanovich, T. Sharshakova","doi":"10.51523/2708-6011.2023-20-4-16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51523/2708-6011.2023-20-4-16","url":null,"abstract":"Objective. To evaluate the role of medical and organizational measures in improving the quality of early detection and medical examination of autoimmune thyroiditis in the population of the Republic of Belarus.Materials and methods. The data of population statistics and the State register of persons affected by the Chernobyl catastrophe and other accidents on cases of thyroid pathology, as well as outpatient records of patients were analyzed. Epidemiological, statistical and sociological methods were used.Results. It was noted that different clinical and laboratory variants of autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT) are encountered in clinical practice. Subclinical AIT with sonographic signs of the disease but without diagnostic concentrations of antibodies to thyroid peroxidase (AB/TPO) and disturbances of its function is registered in 14.1 (6.0-24.4) %. AIT with diagnostic concentrations of autoantibodies to AB/TPO, with preserved thyroid function or hypothyroidism occurs in 22.5 (13.534.0) % of the cohort subjects. The frequency of combining AIT with nodular neoplasms of the thyroid increased by the 4th stage of screening and reached 20.7 (11.2-33.4) %.The reasons for different approaches to diagnosis were analyzed and measures to improve organizational and medical measures for early detection and dispensary treatment of patients with AIT were proposed: groups of persons at high risk of AIT and primary hypothyroidism (PHT) were identified, an algorithm for early detection and dispensary treatment was developed, etc.Conclusion. When making a decision to improve the quality of medical care to the population of the Republic of Belarus on early detection and medical examination of patients with AIT, it is necessary to take into account the timeliness of thyroid status studies in the population, compliance with the terms of dynamic observation for persons at high risk of AIT and PHT development, peculiarities of clinical and laboratory variants of AIT course.","PeriodicalId":336889,"journal":{"name":"Health and Ecology Issues","volume":"9 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139536042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-05DOI: 10.51523/2708-6011.2023-20-4-18
N. G. Kadochkina, A. P. Salivontchik, V. M. Mitsura, A. Pronevich
The article presents a clinical case of yersiniosis with fever of unclear genesis. For early diagnosis of yersiniosis, its adequate therapy and prevention of complications, it is necessary to take into account the dynamics of clinical manifes- tations and timely conduct specific diagnosis of the disease. Late diagnosis may be associated with the lack of vigilance of doctors with regard to this infection.
{"title":"Yersiniosis with fever of unclear genesis","authors":"N. G. Kadochkina, A. P. Salivontchik, V. M. Mitsura, A. Pronevich","doi":"10.51523/2708-6011.2023-20-4-18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51523/2708-6011.2023-20-4-18","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents a clinical case of yersiniosis with fever of unclear genesis. For early diagnosis of yersiniosis, its adequate therapy and prevention of complications, it is necessary to take into account the dynamics of clinical manifes- tations and timely conduct specific diagnosis of the disease. Late diagnosis may be associated with the lack of vigilance of doctors with regard to this infection.","PeriodicalId":336889,"journal":{"name":"Health and Ecology Issues","volume":"26 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139535960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-05DOI: 10.51523/2708-6011.2023-20-4-11
Z. V. Zubkova
Objective. To assess the possibility of using platelet-associated NETosis parameters to monitor inflammatory activity in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).Materials and methods. 50 patients with RA and 29 patients with SLE were examined. The parameters of early and late platelet-associated NETosis were assessed in autologous mixed cultures containing a leukocyte suspension and intact and ADP-stimulated platelets.Results. In patients with RA and SLE in the acute stage, rates of platelet-associated NETosis were increased compared to healthy individuals (p = 0,00001-0,001). During the period of clinical remission, NETosis parameters decreased in comparison with the exacerbation stage (NET-Рst: p=0,017-0,04), in some cases reaching control values. Based on regression analysis, threshold values for platelet-associated NETosis parameters were determined to assess the activity of the inflammatory process in patients with RA and SLE.Conclusion. Parameters of platelet-associated NETosis are informative laboratory markers of the inflammatory process in patients with RA and SLE.
目的评估使用血小板相关 NETosis 参数监测类风湿性关节炎（RA）和系统性红斑狼疮（SLE）炎症活动的可能性。对 50 名 RA 患者和 29 名系统性红斑狼疮患者进行了检查。在含有白细胞悬液、完整血小板和 ADP 刺激血小板的自体混合培养物中评估了早期和晚期血小板相关 NETosis 的参数。与健康人相比，急性期的 RA 和系统性红斑狼疮患者的血小板相关性 NETosis 发生率增加（p = 0,00001-0,001）。在临床缓解期，NETosis参数与加重期相比有所下降（NET-Рst：p=0,017-0,04），在某些情况下达到了控制值。根据回归分析，确定了血小板相关NETosis参数的阈值，以评估RA和系统性红斑狼疮患者炎症过程的活性。血小板相关NETosis参数是反映RA和系统性红斑狼疮患者炎症过程的实验室指标。
{"title":"Platelet-associated NETosis in monitoring inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus","authors":"Z. V. Zubkova","doi":"10.51523/2708-6011.2023-20-4-11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51523/2708-6011.2023-20-4-11","url":null,"abstract":"Objective. To assess the possibility of using platelet-associated NETosis parameters to monitor inflammatory activity in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).Materials and methods. 50 patients with RA and 29 patients with SLE were examined. The parameters of early and late platelet-associated NETosis were assessed in autologous mixed cultures containing a leukocyte suspension and intact and ADP-stimulated platelets.Results. In patients with RA and SLE in the acute stage, rates of platelet-associated NETosis were increased compared to healthy individuals (p = 0,00001-0,001). During the period of clinical remission, NETosis parameters decreased in comparison with the exacerbation stage (NET-Рst: p=0,017-0,04), in some cases reaching control values. Based on regression analysis, threshold values for platelet-associated NETosis parameters were determined to assess the activity of the inflammatory process in patients with RA and SLE.Conclusion. Parameters of platelet-associated NETosis are informative laboratory markers of the inflammatory process in patients with RA and SLE.","PeriodicalId":336889,"journal":{"name":"Health and Ecology Issues","volume":"14 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139536171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-05DOI: 10.51523/2708-6011.2023-20-4-13
E. V. Dashkevich, O. N. Bondaruk, N. A. Fiadura, V. I. Asaevich, I. V. Kurlovich, R. N. Demidova, S. N. Ryabtseva
Objective. To assess the hemostatic potential, preclinical safety and in vitro efficacy of lyophilized plasma in patients and blood donors.Materials and methods. The study of acute toxicity was carried out on outbred mice of both sexes (n=120), pyrogenicity – on rabbits of both sexes (n=30), abnormal toxicity – on mice (n=25) and guinea pigs (n=6). Histopathological studies were carried out on preparations of five fragments of the middle part of the mouse tail after intravenous administration of the maximum dose (4500 mg/kg) lyophilized plasma (LP), physiological solution, fresh frozen plasma (FFP) and pathogen-reduced FFP (PRFFP) using the Intercept system. The proand anticoagulant activity was investigated by clotting and chromogenic method to evaluate the hemostatic potential of PL. The effect on hemostasis was studied in vitro by thromboelastometry when FFP and LP were added to blood samples of patients (n = 23) and donors (n = 20). Results. Acute toxicity study showed the absence of death and clinical signs of intoxication in all series. On the 14th day, body weight gain was observed in animals of all series. Regardless of the used LP dosage, no development of effusion and adhesions in the thoracic and abdominal cavities, as well as macroscopically detectable pathologic changes of the main organs were observed in animals. The analysis of the relative weight of internal organs of animals did not reveal statistically significant differences in experimental and control series relative to the values of similar indicators in intact animals. The studied hemostatic potential showed that LP was not inferior to PRFFP in the content of coagulation factors of the blood system. Evaluation of the effect of LP application in vitro in female patients showed statistically significant correction of CT (clotting time) index, which indicates the effectiveness of its application for replenishment of blood coagulation factors (BCF).Conclusion. Preclinical animal studies of LP have proven its safety and efficacy compared to FFP.
{"title":"Evaluation of the efficacy and safety of lyophilized plasma","authors":"E. V. Dashkevich, O. N. Bondaruk, N. A. Fiadura, V. I. Asaevich, I. V. Kurlovich, R. N. Demidova, S. N. Ryabtseva","doi":"10.51523/2708-6011.2023-20-4-13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51523/2708-6011.2023-20-4-13","url":null,"abstract":"Objective. To assess the hemostatic potential, preclinical safety and in vitro efficacy of lyophilized plasma in patients and blood donors.Materials and methods. The study of acute toxicity was carried out on outbred mice of both sexes (n=120), pyrogenicity – on rabbits of both sexes (n=30), abnormal toxicity – on mice (n=25) and guinea pigs (n=6). Histopathological studies were carried out on preparations of five fragments of the middle part of the mouse tail after intravenous administration of the maximum dose (4500 mg/kg) lyophilized plasma (LP), physiological solution, fresh frozen plasma (FFP) and pathogen-reduced FFP (PRFFP) using the Intercept system. The proand anticoagulant activity was investigated by clotting and chromogenic method to evaluate the hemostatic potential of PL. The effect on hemostasis was studied in vitro by thromboelastometry when FFP and LP were added to blood samples of patients (n = 23) and donors (n = 20). Results. Acute toxicity study showed the absence of death and clinical signs of intoxication in all series. On the 14th day, body weight gain was observed in animals of all series. Regardless of the used LP dosage, no development of effusion and adhesions in the thoracic and abdominal cavities, as well as macroscopically detectable pathologic changes of the main organs were observed in animals. The analysis of the relative weight of internal organs of animals did not reveal statistically significant differences in experimental and control series relative to the values of similar indicators in intact animals. The studied hemostatic potential showed that LP was not inferior to PRFFP in the content of coagulation factors of the blood system. Evaluation of the effect of LP application in vitro in female patients showed statistically significant correction of CT (clotting time) index, which indicates the effectiveness of its application for replenishment of blood coagulation factors (BCF).Conclusion. Preclinical animal studies of LP have proven its safety and efficacy compared to FFP.","PeriodicalId":336889,"journal":{"name":"Health and Ecology Issues","volume":"89 s383","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139629629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-05DOI: 10.51523/2708-6011.2023-20-4-15
V. А. Sharoiko, I. Stoma, A. Kovalev, V. A. Yarmolenko
Objective. To analyze the dynamics of COVID-19 coronavirus infection incidence in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) on the background of vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 virus, to evaluate the role of vaccination in preventing decompensation of chronic heart failure, reducing mortality, primary disability in patients with cardiovascular diseases complicated by CHF.Materials and methods. The study included 200 people who were included in the Register of patients with CHF of the State Healthcare Institution “Gomel City Clinical Polyclinic No. 5 named after S. V. Golukhova”. Patients were divided into two equal in number groups: Group 1 unvaccinated against COVID-19 coronavirus infection (n = 100) and Group 2 vaccinated patients (n = 100). The follow-up was conducted for one year (2021) in an outpatient setting.Results. The incidence rate in the group of unvaccinated patients was 3.2 times higher. The incidences of COVID-19 coronavirus infection in the two groups were 16 (16 %) and 5 (5 %), respectively (χ2 = 5.32, p = 0.0210). The incidence of hospitalization for decompensation of CHF was 3.2 times higher in the unvaccinated group than in the vaccinated group (χ2 = 14.93, p = 0.0001). Lethality among the unvaccinated was recorded 1.8 times higher than in the vaccinated group (χ2 = 2.166, p = 0.1410). When comparing the rates of primary disability due to CVD, there was a tendency for increased disability in the unvaccinated cohort (χ2 = 0.592, p = 0.4420).Conclusion. It has been established that vvaccination contributes to the reduction of hospitalization for decompensation of CHF, reducing the risk of mortality.
{"title":"Analysis of the effectiveness of COVID-19 coronavirus vaccination in patients with chronic heart failure at the outpatient stage of treatment","authors":"V. А. Sharoiko, I. Stoma, A. Kovalev, V. A. Yarmolenko","doi":"10.51523/2708-6011.2023-20-4-15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51523/2708-6011.2023-20-4-15","url":null,"abstract":"Objective. To analyze the dynamics of COVID-19 coronavirus infection incidence in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) on the background of vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 virus, to evaluate the role of vaccination in preventing decompensation of chronic heart failure, reducing mortality, primary disability in patients with cardiovascular diseases complicated by CHF.Materials and methods. The study included 200 people who were included in the Register of patients with CHF of the State Healthcare Institution “Gomel City Clinical Polyclinic No. 5 named after S. V. Golukhova”. Patients were divided into two equal in number groups: Group 1 unvaccinated against COVID-19 coronavirus infection (n = 100) and Group 2 vaccinated patients (n = 100). The follow-up was conducted for one year (2021) in an outpatient setting.Results. The incidence rate in the group of unvaccinated patients was 3.2 times higher. The incidences of COVID-19 coronavirus infection in the two groups were 16 (16 %) and 5 (5 %), respectively (χ2 = 5.32, p = 0.0210). The incidence of hospitalization for decompensation of CHF was 3.2 times higher in the unvaccinated group than in the vaccinated group (χ2 = 14.93, p = 0.0001). Lethality among the unvaccinated was recorded 1.8 times higher than in the vaccinated group (χ2 = 2.166, p = 0.1410). When comparing the rates of primary disability due to CVD, there was a tendency for increased disability in the unvaccinated cohort (χ2 = 0.592, p = 0.4420).Conclusion. It has been established that vvaccination contributes to the reduction of hospitalization for decompensation of CHF, reducing the risk of mortality.","PeriodicalId":336889,"journal":{"name":"Health and Ecology Issues","volume":"24 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139535707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-05DOI: 10.51523/2708-6011.2023-20-4-09
E. G. Malaeva
Objective. To analyze the structure and frequency of kidney pathology in liver cirrhosis according to sectional analysis and to study the relationship between acute renal injury and urinary tract infection.Materials and methods. The design of the study is mixed: descriptive and analytical, which included conducting a retrospective case–control study of kidney pathology based on the results of the protocols of pathoanatomical autopsies on the basis of the state healthcare institution “Gomel Regional Clinical Pathoanatomical Bureau” for the period of January 2022 – July 2023 and clinical, laboratory, instrumental, cytological, microbiological data of patients with liver cirrhosis. The study included 98 deceased patients, including 70 (71.4%) men, 28 (28.6%) women. The average age was 53.9 years, the majority of patients were persons of working age — 72.9% of men and 60.7% of women, 21.4% were young people.Results. The most common kidney pathology in liver cirrhosis according to sectional analysis is acute renal injury (57.1%). Kidney abscesses (3%), tubulointerstitial nephritis (2%) and pyelonephritis (4%) were less frequently diagnosed. Despite the absence of a history of kidney diseases in most patients with cirrhosis, classical clinical, laboratory and instrumental signs of renal tissue damage, macroscopic and microscopic changes of the kidneys were revealed in 100% of cases at autopsy. In 84.7% of cases, acute tubular necrosis was morphologically diagnosed from focal (51%) to total (19.4%), which was not always accompanied by an increase in serum creatinine levels. A moderate relationship was established between acute kidney injury and urinary tract infection (OR = 14; 95 % CI 11.13–16.61).Conclusion. The most common complication of liver cirrhosis associated with an unfavorable prognosis is acute renal injury, which is associated with the presence of urinary tract infection.
{"title":"Kidney pathology in liver cirrhosis","authors":"E. G. Malaeva","doi":"10.51523/2708-6011.2023-20-4-09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51523/2708-6011.2023-20-4-09","url":null,"abstract":"Objective. To analyze the structure and frequency of kidney pathology in liver cirrhosis according to sectional analysis and to study the relationship between acute renal injury and urinary tract infection.Materials and methods. The design of the study is mixed: descriptive and analytical, which included conducting a retrospective case–control study of kidney pathology based on the results of the protocols of pathoanatomical autopsies on the basis of the state healthcare institution “Gomel Regional Clinical Pathoanatomical Bureau” for the period of January 2022 – July 2023 and clinical, laboratory, instrumental, cytological, microbiological data of patients with liver cirrhosis. The study included 98 deceased patients, including 70 (71.4%) men, 28 (28.6%) women. The average age was 53.9 years, the majority of patients were persons of working age — 72.9% of men and 60.7% of women, 21.4% were young people.Results. The most common kidney pathology in liver cirrhosis according to sectional analysis is acute renal injury (57.1%). Kidney abscesses (3%), tubulointerstitial nephritis (2%) and pyelonephritis (4%) were less frequently diagnosed. Despite the absence of a history of kidney diseases in most patients with cirrhosis, classical clinical, laboratory and instrumental signs of renal tissue damage, macroscopic and microscopic changes of the kidneys were revealed in 100% of cases at autopsy. In 84.7% of cases, acute tubular necrosis was morphologically diagnosed from focal (51%) to total (19.4%), which was not always accompanied by an increase in serum creatinine levels. A moderate relationship was established between acute kidney injury and urinary tract infection (OR = 14; 95 % CI 11.13–16.61).Conclusion. The most common complication of liver cirrhosis associated with an unfavorable prognosis is acute renal injury, which is associated with the presence of urinary tract infection.","PeriodicalId":336889,"journal":{"name":"Health and Ecology Issues","volume":"25 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139535961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-05DOI: 10.51523/2708-6011.2023-20-4-17
N. V. Gapanovich-Kaidalov, T. Sharshakova
Objective. To identify the features of medical university students’ professional value orientations.Material and methods. Methods of theoretical analysis of philosophical, psychological and pedagogical literature on the research problem were used; G. E. Leevik’s questionnaire “Value orientations of personality 8” (VOP-8); methods of statistical analysis of empirical data (generalization and grouping of data, Spearman’s rank correlation method).Results. The analysis of professional value orientations of junior medical university students showed that the participants of the study are characterized, first of all, by such value orientations as labor and material values, the desire to be financially secure, a good specialist, to have a vast professional experience, to improve themselves in the profession. At the same time, there is an underestimation of the importance of moral and moral qualities of effective professional communication of a doctor.Conclusion. To ensure high quality of professional medical education it is important to form in students value orientations and professionally important qualities, which are necessary for successful professional activity and effective communication with patients, their relatives, colleagues and administration of medical institution.
目的确定医科大学学生专业价值取向的特点。使用了有关研究问题的哲学、心理学和教育学文献的理论分析方法；G. E. Leevik 的 "人格价值取向 8"（VOP-8）问卷；经验数据的统计分析方法（数据的归纳和分组、斯皮尔曼等级相关法）。对医学专业大三学生职业价值取向的分析表明，参与研究者的价值取向首先表现为劳动价值和物质价值，希望在经济上得到保障，成为一名优秀的专家，拥有丰富的职业经验，在职业中不断完善自己。与此同时，人们低估了道德品质对医生进行有效专业交流的重要性。为了确保高质量的专业医学教育，重要的是要在学生中培养价值取向和重要的专业素质，这是成功开展专业活动以及与病人、病人亲属、同事和医疗机构管理部门进行有效沟通的必要条件。
{"title":"Features of medical university students’ professional value orientations","authors":"N. V. Gapanovich-Kaidalov, T. Sharshakova","doi":"10.51523/2708-6011.2023-20-4-17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51523/2708-6011.2023-20-4-17","url":null,"abstract":"Objective. To identify the features of medical university students’ professional value orientations.Material and methods. Methods of theoretical analysis of philosophical, psychological and pedagogical literature on the research problem were used; G. E. Leevik’s questionnaire “Value orientations of personality 8” (VOP-8); methods of statistical analysis of empirical data (generalization and grouping of data, Spearman’s rank correlation method).Results. The analysis of professional value orientations of junior medical university students showed that the participants of the study are characterized, first of all, by such value orientations as labor and material values, the desire to be financially secure, a good specialist, to have a vast professional experience, to improve themselves in the profession. At the same time, there is an underestimation of the importance of moral and moral qualities of effective professional communication of a doctor.Conclusion. To ensure high quality of professional medical education it is important to form in students value orientations and professionally important qualities, which are necessary for successful professional activity and effective communication with patients, their relatives, colleagues and administration of medical institution.","PeriodicalId":336889,"journal":{"name":"Health and Ecology Issues","volume":"15 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139536191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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