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Anthropological contribution to understanding the position of the families of missing Serbs in Kosovo and Metohia 对了解科索沃和梅托希亚失踪塞族人家属地位的人类学贡献
Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/bastina32-40453
Nevena Petković
This paper approaches the topic of missing Serbs in Kosovo and Metohia by the application of the anthropological theoretical framework on waiting, which treats this waiting process as socially and politically constructed. Furthermore, it considers the role of the families of missing persons in memory praxis related to this humanitarian problem. By outlining the relevance of understanding the position of families of missing persons, it was shown that their personal stories contribute to the formation of a collective narrative, which is important to the wider community of displaced Serbs from Kosovo and Metohia. Additionally, it was concluded that the ability of this humanitarian problem to contribute to the conflict resolution, depends not only on the investigation of missing people, but also on a wider recognition of victims and the protection of their family members and organizations formed by them, which carry on the duties of establishing interethnic cooperation. The misuse of this humanitarian problem, as outlined by their families, is shown as a serious impediment to mending interethnic relations. The paper tries to give a closer look at the voices and silences of families of missing persons by showing how their waiting for investigation and information regarding the disappearances is politically structured, and at the same time charged with the promise of social change.
本文运用等待的人类学理论框架来探讨科索沃和梅托希亚的失踪塞族人问题,将这一等待过程视为社会和政治建构。此外,它还审议了失踪人员家属在与这一人道主义问题有关的记忆实践中的作用。通过概述了解失踪人员家属地位的重要性,表明他们的个人故事有助于形成一种集体叙述,这对科索沃和梅托希亚流离失所的塞族更广泛的社区是重要的。此外,会议的结论是,这一人道主义问题对解决冲突作出贡献的能力不仅取决于对失踪人员的调查,而且还取决于对受害者的更广泛认识和对其家庭成员和由他们组成的组织的保护,这些组织履行建立族裔间合作的职责。正如他们的家人所概述的那样,滥用这一人道主义问题是修复种族间关系的严重障碍。本文试图通过展示失踪人员家属等待调查和有关失踪的信息是如何在政治上构成的,同时又充满了社会变革的希望,来更深入地了解失踪人员家属的声音和沉默。
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引用次数: 0
Changing the cultural paradigm in the digital age 改变数字时代的文化范式
Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/bastina32-36183
J. Arsenijević, O. Arsenijević
The paper discusses the interaction and inter-relationship between culture and socio-technological changes caused by the development of digital media, with an overview of changes that are happening in the field of culture and cultural participation in the last few decades. These changes occur in the domain of audiences, cultural creativity, cultural institutions and cultural markets. Paying special attention to the participatory turn in the field of culture, the paper provides an overview of the main trends and innovations in the field of cultural creativity and dissemination of cultural goods given to digital media, which are illustrated by various practical examples. The review and analysis of the transformation of the cultural sphere offered in this paper may be of importance to cultural theorists and practitioners, individuals involved in the process of cultural creation or management of cultural institutions, and cultural policy makers.
本文讨论了由数字媒体的发展引起的文化与社会技术变革之间的相互作用和相互关系,概述了过去几十年来文化和文化参与领域正在发生的变化。这些变化发生在受众、文化创意、文化机构和文化市场领域。本文特别关注文化领域的参与性转向,概述了数字媒体在文化创意和文化产品传播领域的主要趋势和创新,并通过各种实际例子加以说明。本文对文化领域转型的回顾和分析对文化理论家和实践者、参与文化创造过程或文化机构管理的个人以及文化政策制定者可能具有重要意义。
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引用次数: 1
Influence of Vojislav Bakic (PhD) on the development of the scientific pedagogy in Serbia in XIX and XX century Vojislav Bakic(博士)对19世纪和20世纪塞尔维亚科学教育学发展的影响
Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/bastina32-36651
P. Rajčević, V. Minić
Vojislav (Vuk) Bakić was born in Kordun, in the village of Perna in 1847. At that time his place of birth was in the space never precisely defined by a consistent border between Kordun and Banija as a part of Vojna Krajina which was then and a few decades later still under the direct jurisdiction of Vienna. That is how he had an early opportunity to learn German language. That fact together with his natural talents and other opportunities gave him a chance to improve his studies in Leipzig and Heidelberg. He received his PhD in Leipzig. Apart from professional literature in German, Bakić regularly used literature in French, English and Italian language. He also spoke Latin and Czech. He followed closely development of education in Serbia, surrounding countries and Europe in general. His pedagogical work took place in times when pedagogy and psychology were separating from philosophy. In that time, system of education was established as a part of modern social system. That is why the work of Vojislav Bakić must be regarded in the context of history of pedagogical science in Serbia, and at a lower level as an impact on the development of pedagogy as a science in Serbia in those times. He is an extraordinarily prolific writer of valuable pedagogical works. He was considered a pioneer in a number of pedagogical disciplines within the pedagogical science. He advocated for the high education of secondary school teachers in Serbia. He turned pedagogy into a university discipline. He organized studies of pedagogy in Serbia at the European level at the time.
Vojislav (Vuk) bakiki于1847年出生在Kordun的Perna村。当时,他的出生地从未被科尔敦和巴尼亚之间的边界精确定义为下克拉伊纳的一部分,下克拉伊纳当时和几十年后仍然在维也纳的直接管辖之下。这就是为什么他很早就有机会学习德语。这一事实,加上他的天赋和其他机会,使他有机会在莱比锡和海德堡提高他的学业。他在莱比锡获得博士学位。除了德文的专业文献外,巴基奇还经常使用法语、英语和意大利语的文献。他还会说拉丁语和捷克语。他密切关注塞尔维亚、周边国家和整个欧洲的教育发展。他的教学工作发生在教育学和心理学与哲学分离的时代。在这一时期,教育制度作为现代社会制度的一部分得以确立。这就是为什么Vojislav bakiki的工作必须在塞尔维亚教育科学史的背景下进行考虑,并在较低的层面上对当时塞尔维亚教育科学的发展产生影响。他是一位非常多产的有价值的教学著作作家。他被认为是教育科学中许多教育学科的先驱。他提倡塞尔维亚中学教师接受高等教育。他把教育学变成了一门大学学科。他当时在塞尔维亚组织了欧洲水平的教育学研究。
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引用次数: 0
'Nečista krv' as ontological occupation and centuries Bora's gen “neistakrv”作为本体论的职业和世纪Bora的gen
Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/bastina32-36761
Sunčica Denić, Sena Mihailović-Milošević
Interpretation of a century's duration of Bora Stanković's "Nečista krv", which has been approved by many researchers and interpreters, will be the main interest of this work. During the Scientific Conference in Vranje, regarding the 100th anniversary of its publishing, and the accompanying thematic collection, special attention will be paid to observing the novel and its author. This is not just a pure memory and necessary evocation to human's drama, it is a reality which, through time distance, literary, esthetic and other disciplines brings closer the secret of multidimensional understanding, reading and interpreting of the phenomenon of "impure blood". This overcomes one-sited attitude of the cause of tragic, it is a perception of the gene of Vranje, ontological and meaning of the work. Other elements and aspirations and being supplemented, refuted and produced through a prism of national culture and identity, which lead to its bard Bora Stanković and Vranje of his time.
对斯坦科维茨(Bora stankovovic)的《ne斯塔·克里夫》(neista krv)长达一个世纪之久的解读,将是本工作的主要兴趣所在,该作品已得到许多研究者和诠释者的认可。在弗拉涅举行的科学会议期间,关于其出版100周年,以及随附的专题合集,将特别关注这部小说及其作者。这不仅仅是一种纯粹的记忆和对人类戏剧的必要唤起,它是一种现实,通过时间的距离,文学,美学等学科拉近了对“不纯血统”现象多维度理解,阅读和解释的秘密。这种克服悲剧性的片面态度的原因,是对弗朗涅的基因、本体论和意义的一种感知。其他元素和愿望通过民族文化和身份的棱镜被补充,驳斥和产生,这导致了他那个时代的诗人博拉·斯坦科维奇和弗拉涅。
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引用次数: 0
Traditional culture in the first cycle of basic education in the Republic of Serbia 传统文化在塞尔维亚共和国基础教育的第一阶段
Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/bastina32-37082
B. Sekulić
This paper presents the results of the analysis of the content related to the knowledge of traditional culture in the current curricula for the first cycle of primary education. Primary education in the Republic of Serbia is divided into two cycles with four grades each. In the first cycle there is class teaching, and in the second there is subject teaching. This analysis includes curricula, as well as their amendments, in the period from 2004 to the end of 2021. In these amendments, the contents of traditional culture have been constantly in various stages of change, adapting to changes in the ruling system of social values, the processes of interculturalism and globalization. The main starting point in this paper, which was confirmed after the research, is that in the curricula can be identified content related to knowledge of traditional culture, such as: language, values, moral principles, customs, folklore, beliefs, myths, legends, rituals and ceremonies. These contents are especially represented in the following subjects: Serbian language, Music culture, Religious education, Folk tradition and Mother tongue with elements of national culture, and then to a lesser extent in other subjects, such as: The world around us (first and second grade), Nature and Society (third and fourth grade), Art Culture and Physical Education. The goals of teaching in these subjects are mainly: acquiring knowledge of folk traditions, preserving national and religious identity, nurturing the traditions and culture of Serbian and other peoples living in the Republic of Serbia, adopting the spiritual values of the church or community to which they historically belong and developing interculturality. The importance of traditional culture in the curriculum for the first cycle of primary education is great, because through them students gain knowledge about the cultural and spiritual values of the community to which they belong and, at the same time, strengthen their personal, ethnic, religious and national identity. identities.
本文介绍了对现行小学第一阶段课程中传统文化知识相关内容的分析结果。塞尔维亚共和国的初等教育分为两个阶段,每个阶段有四个年级。第一个周期是课堂教学,第二个周期是学科教学。该分析包括2004年至2021年底期间的课程及其修订。在这些修正中,传统文化的内容不断地处于不同的变化阶段,以适应社会价值统治体系的变化、跨文化主义和全球化的进程。本文的主要出发点是,在课程中可以识别出与传统文化知识相关的内容,如:语言、价值观、道德原则、习俗、民俗、信仰、神话、传说、仪式和仪式。这是经过研究证实的。这些内容主要体现在以下科目中:塞尔维亚语、音乐文化、宗教教育、民间传统和具有民族文化元素的母语,然后在较小程度上体现在其他科目中,例如:我们周围的世界(一年级和二年级)、自然与社会(三年级和四年级)、艺术文化和体育。这些科目的教学目标主要是:获取民间传统知识,维护民族和宗教特性,培养生活在塞尔维亚共和国境内的塞尔维亚人和其他民族的传统和文化,接受他们历史上所属的教会或社区的精神价值观,发展文化间性。传统文化在初等教育第一个周期的课程中是非常重要的,因为通过这些课程,学生获得关于他们所属社区的文化和精神价值的知识,同时加强他们的个人、种族、宗教和国家特性。身份。
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引用次数: 0
Motif of single-headed and double-headed eagle in Raška in the XIII century 13世纪Raška单头和双头鹰的母题
Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/bastina32-36210
Đorđe Đekić, D. Milic
The motif of a single-headed and double-headed eagle first appeared in Serbian medieval art under the influence of the Byzantine Empire or Christian tradition. This motif was used by the Byzantine Empire as a symbol of royal dignity and as a representation of saints. Since the eagle is regarded as a symbol of Jesus Christ, the resurrection, the Holy Evangelist John, and etc., Christian influence is more visible in literature. The use of the eagle as a motif in Raška was heightened during Grand župan Stefan Nemanja's reign and continued through his successors. Studenica monastery depicts both single-headed and double-headed eagle motifs. A single-headed eagle is a fresco painted in a double circle, and a doubleheaded eagle is a fresco painted as kolasta azdija, which represents a motif of golden double-headed eagles in double circles. Kolasta azdija can be found on the gowns of King Stefan the First-Crowned and his son King Radoslav in the Žiča monastery. A motif of a red double-headed eagle was also used as a decorative element of the St. George's wall and cloak. At Mileševa monastery, golden encircled double-headed eagles adorned the gowns of King Stefan the First-Crowned and his sons Radoslav and Vladislav. The motif of single-headed eagles in circles can be found as a unique example on Knez Stefan's gown in the Morača monastery. An eagle can be found as a motif in manuscripts, on the seal, and as part of the church's interior decoration. During King Uroš I and his successors' reigns, double-headed eagles vanished as a symbol of royal dignity, but they remained as a Christian symbol until the end of the XIII century.
在拜占庭帝国或基督教传统的影响下,单头鹰和双头鹰的主题首次出现在塞尔维亚中世纪艺术中。这个图案被拜占庭帝国用作皇室尊严的象征和圣徒的代表。由于鹰被视为耶稣基督、复活、圣福音传道者约翰等的象征,基督教的影响在文学中更为明显。鹰作为Raška图案的使用在大župan Stefan Nemanja统治期间得到了加强,并通过他的继任者得以延续。Studenica修道院描绘了单头和双头鹰的图案。单头鹰是一幅画在双圈上的壁画,双头鹰是一幅画在双圈上的金色双头鹰的壁画。可以在Žiča修道院的斯蒂芬一世国王和他的儿子拉多斯拉夫国王的礼服上找到Kolasta azdija。红色双头鹰的图案也被用作圣乔治墙和斗篷的装饰元素。在Mileševa修道院,金色环绕的双头鹰装饰着国王斯蒂芬一世和他的儿子拉多斯拉夫和弗拉迪斯拉夫的礼服。在mora修道院,Knez Stefan的长袍上可以找到一个独特的单头鹰图案。在手稿、印章和教堂内部装饰中都可以找到鹰的图案。在乌洛什一世国王和他的继任者统治期间,双头鹰作为皇室尊严的象征消失了,但直到十三世纪末,它们仍然是基督教的象征。
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引用次数: 0
Affirmation of Serbian sculptures in Kosovo and Metohija 肯定科索沃和梅托希亚的塞尔维亚雕塑
Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/bastina32-36832
Z. Elezovic
The paper discusses the affirmation of Serbian sculptors in Kosovo and Metohija in the second half of the XX century. It began to develop in the province in parallel with painting, and the founding of the Academy of Arts in Pristina in 1973 can be taken as a turning point. Most artists have already been involved in current creative trends in fine arts in Kosovo and Metohija and beyond. Bužančić says that sculptural achievements, as well as facts from the art scene at the time and a promising future, reject any allusion that sculpture was still a less important sector of Kosovo's art. As the founders of Serbian sculpture in Kosovo and Metohija, we can mention Svetomir Arsić Basara, Radoslav Musa Miketić, and after some time Zoran Karalejić, and they raised sculpture in Kosovo and Metohija with their artistic creation and pedagogical work. The circle of Serbian sculptors then began to expand and prosper, with new profiles and sensibilities, enriching sculptural production in the province.
本文讨论了二十世纪下半叶科索沃和梅托希亚的塞尔维亚雕塑家的肯定。它开始在该省与绘画并行发展,1973年普里什蒂纳艺术学院的成立可以视为一个转折点。大多数艺术家已经参与了当前科索沃和梅托希亚及其他地区的美术创作趋势。Bužančić说,雕塑的成就,以及当时艺术场景的事实和充满希望的未来,拒绝任何暗示雕塑仍然是科索沃艺术中不那么重要的部分。作为科索沃和梅托希亚塞尔维亚雕塑的创始人,我们可以提到Svetomir arsiki Basara, Radoslav Musa miketiki,以及一段时间后的Zoran karalejiki,他们通过艺术创作和教学工作提高了科索沃和梅托希亚的雕塑。塞尔维亚雕塑家的圈子开始扩大和繁荣,新的轮廓和敏感性,丰富了该省的雕塑生产。
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引用次数: 1
Application of Dominique Moïsi's Geopolitics theory of emotions on the case of Serbia 多米尼克Moïsi地缘政治情感理论在塞尔维亚问题上的应用
Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/bastina32-36269
P. Terzić
The paper deals with the analysis of external and internal influences on the emergence of various forms of collective emotions in Serbia in the last thirty years. Dominique Moïsi believes that cultures of fear, humiliation and hope dominate in certain countries and regions in the present, and characterize them during the past historical periods. Individuals and groups have their own interests, motives and needs. They undertake certain activities and methods that influence political behavior, where cultures of fear, humiliation and hope can have a decisive impact on the current economic situation of the country and its role in international relations, as well as on the future of their economic development and overall social progress, relations with other states and civilizations. Among the methods of action, the methods of cooperation and the methods of conflict stand out.
本文分析了过去三十年来塞尔维亚各种形式的集体情绪产生的外部和内部影响。Dominique Moïsi认为,恐惧、羞辱和希望文化在当今某些国家和地区占据主导地位,并在过去的历史时期具有其特征。个人和团体都有自己的兴趣、动机和需求。他们从事影响政治行为的某些活动和方法,在这些活动和方法中,恐惧、羞辱和希望的文化可以对该国目前的经济状况及其在国际关系中的作用,以及对其经济发展和整体社会进步的未来、与其他国家和文明的关系产生决定性影响。在行动方式中,合作方式和冲突方式最为突出。
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引用次数: 0
Proposal of the model of radical sports innovation in the function of development of democratic society and economy 提出激进体育创新模式在民主社会经济发展中的作用
Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/bastina32-36393
Tatjana Ratković, Milica Jotov
Sport in the function of general globalization of society at all levels of decision-making and all its segments is an unavoidable part of progress that directly affects technological development, culture, health, living standards, prestige, competitive supremacy of national economy and culture, respecting modern methods of groups and individuals to which partial interventions are economically unprofitable. Radical innovation is a long-term process that is vertically projected from the lowest to the highest level, respecting the latest technological advances, world standards and norms of strategic planning, staffing, dispersion, lobbying, competitiveness, market size and quality control of products and services. In cases of sudden disruption of the entire system and imbalance at the global level when recovery deadlines are not sufficient, extremely radical measures are introduced in order to stop negative tendencies. These measures are limited in scope and most often relate to alarming conditions caused by wars or natural disasters, and in the last two years caused by the epidemic and pandemic of the Corona virus, which first appeared in Wuhan, China in December 2019. The Chinese government declared a "state of emergency" on January 20, 2020. China managed to end the impact of the epidemic in a short time with measures such as curfew, work from home, mandatory wearing of masks when leaving home and shopping, wearing protective clothing, which even applied to pets. However, the policies pursued by countries against corona viruses differed (Ozturk 2021: 54). As can be seen, the corona virus is one of the most severe epidemics in human history. None of the epidemic diseases such as SARS and Ebola that people have experienced in modern times has threatened to cause a change in the world order. Although there are many claims, assumptions, and conspiracy theories regarding each stage, such as the occurrence, spread, and consequences of corona viruses, another important question is whether scientific data are consistent and systematic (Öztürk 2021: 54). Due to the deadly and respiratory virus that is spreading around the world, people are under great stress and their psychology is negatively affected by isolation and existential fears that are only an addition to life's worries (Öztürk 2021: 56). Such processes require urgent intervention and modulation of temporary measures that do not tolerate the democratization of the decision-making process and are based exclusively on the discourse of adapting to the new situation and require rapid transformation. Interventionism in such extremely radical modulation can be structural and / or commercial in nature as both contain quantum qualifications, creative and innovative elements of sport development and are found in education, public health and cultural fields. Recognizing multiculturalism as cultural pluralism with national signs, through the expansion of sports and sports competitions as its emphasized comp
体育在决策的各级社会的普遍全球化及其所有部门的功能是进步的不可避免的一部分,它直接影响到技术发展、文化、健康、生活水平、声望、国民经济和文化的竞争优势,尊重群体和个人的现代方法,部分干预在经济上无利可图。激进创新是一个长期的过程,从最低到最高水平垂直预测,尊重最新的技术进步,战略规划,人员配备,分散,游说,竞争力,市场规模和产品和服务的质量控制的世界标准和规范。在整个系统突然中断和全球一级不平衡的情况下,在恢复期限不够的情况下,采取极端激进的措施,以制止消极的趋势。这些措施的范围有限,通常与战争或自然灾害造成的令人震惊的情况有关,以及与2019年12月在中国武汉首次出现的冠状病毒流行和大流行所造成的过去两年有关。中国政府于2020年1月20日宣布进入“紧急状态”。中国通过实施宵禁、在家办公、出门和购物时必须戴口罩、穿防护服(甚至对宠物也适用)等措施,在短时间内结束了疫情的影响。然而,各国针对冠状病毒采取的政策各不相同(Ozturk 2021: 54)。可以看出,冠状病毒是人类历史上最严重的流行病之一。人们在近代经历过的SARS、埃博拉等传染病都没有威胁到世界秩序的改变。尽管每个阶段都有许多主张、假设和阴谋论,例如冠状病毒的发生、传播和后果,但另一个重要问题是科学数据是否一致和系统(Öztürk 2021: 54)。由于致命的呼吸道病毒正在世界各地传播,人们承受着巨大的压力,他们的心理受到孤立和存在恐惧的负面影响,这只是生活担忧的一个补充(Öztürk 2021: 56)。这种进程需要紧急干预和调整临时措施,这些措施不能容忍决策过程的民主化,而且完全以适应新局势的说法为基础,需要迅速改革。这种极端激进调节的干预主义可以是结构性的和/或商业性的,因为这两者都包含量子资格、体育发展的创造性和创新元素,并且存在于教育、公共卫生和文化领域。认识到多元文化主义是具有民族标志的文化多元主义,通过扩大体育和体育竞赛作为其强调的组成部分,全球化正在迅速扩大到现代化进程,并成为整个社会其他部分的范式和模式。
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引用次数: 0
Modern migrant crisis and migrant smuggling 现代移民危机与偷渡
Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/bastina32-41580
D. Tančić, Vanda Božić
The paper points out, first of all, the fact that the contemporary migrant crisis represents a projected migration of peoples and that everything that is happening in the world today (the so-called Arab Spring - a wave of demonstrations, protests and rebellions, started in December 2010 in Tunisia and continued in other countries of North Africa and the Middle East, wars in certain countries, millions of homeless people, refugees and migrants, etc.) is not accidental at all. International law and its theoretical principles have never been more developed, on the one hand, but they have never been violated or compromised in practice, applied by naked political force and political power, on the other hand. Namely, all this is an integral part of the realization of the idea of the New World Order, which is by no means new. The destruction of "national sovereignty" and the creation of "limited sovereignty", the de-sovereignation of national states is the harsh reality of the modern world. This is done through the creation of supranational regional organizations (for example, the European Union) and institutions of global financial power (the World Bank, the International Monetary Fund, the World Trade Organization, and others).
论文指出,首先,当代移民危机代表了一种预期的人口迁移,而今天世界上发生的一切(所谓的阿拉伯之春——一波示威、抗议和叛乱,始于2010年12月的突尼斯,并持续到北非和中东的其他国家,某些国家的战争,数百万无家可归者、难民和移民,等等)根本不是偶然的。一方面,国际法及其理论原则从未得到如此发展,但在实践中,它们从未受到赤裸裸的政治力量和政治权力的侵犯或损害。也就是说,所有这一切都是实现新世界秩序这一概念的一个组成部分,而新世界秩序绝不是新的。“国家主权”的破坏和“有限主权”的创造,民族国家的去主权化是现代世界的严酷现实。这是通过建立超国家区域组织(例如欧盟)和全球金融权力机构(世界银行、国际货币基金组织、世界贸易组织等)来实现的。
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