Received: 27 February 2020 Accepted: 6 June 2020 In this paper, nine switches UPQC topology with different control techniques have been depicted and compared their performances to accomplish clear inspection of the best control techniques. As conventional UPQC having twelve switches of six legs enhances the switching losses, circuit complication, costly etc. Hence nine switches UPQC topology is intended to reduce the switching losses, complexity, size and cost. This proposed topology has only three legs with three switches in each leg making total number of nine switches. The three control techniques such as Unit vector template, PQ theory and Synchronous reference frame theory have been employed in the nine switch UPQC topology. The simulation has been carried out separately for each control technique in MATLAB/SIMPOWER environment and results have been verified for higher efficiency of nine switch UPQC topology. The comparative THD of source currents and load voltages under these control techniques have been analysed. The obtained THD values are below 5% as per IEEE-519 standard.
{"title":"Power Quality Investigation by Reduced Switching UPQC","authors":"Pradeep Kumar","doi":"10.18280/ejee.224-505","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18280/ejee.224-505","url":null,"abstract":"Received: 27 February 2020 Accepted: 6 June 2020 In this paper, nine switches UPQC topology with different control techniques have been depicted and compared their performances to accomplish clear inspection of the best control techniques. As conventional UPQC having twelve switches of six legs enhances the switching losses, circuit complication, costly etc. Hence nine switches UPQC topology is intended to reduce the switching losses, complexity, size and cost. This proposed topology has only three legs with three switches in each leg making total number of nine switches. The three control techniques such as Unit vector template, PQ theory and Synchronous reference frame theory have been employed in the nine switch UPQC topology. The simulation has been carried out separately for each control technique in MATLAB/SIMPOWER environment and results have been verified for higher efficiency of nine switch UPQC topology. The comparative THD of source currents and load voltages under these control techniques have been analysed. The obtained THD values are below 5% as per IEEE-519 standard.","PeriodicalId":340029,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Electrical Engineering","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124338443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Received: 17 April 2020 Accepted: 10 September 2020 Electricity is becoming increasingly important in our modern life, particularly in developed countries and recent generations. This contemporary energy allows smart programming and more refined uses. As a result, there is a need for better energy efficiency of Electrical and Electronic Equipment (EEE). In this context, the design of EEE must meet statutory obligations in order to reduce their consumption of primary energy by considering equipment over their whole life cycle. European legislation (WEEE, RoHS, ErP, REACh) has played a major role in deep technological change and has placed the environment at the center of the sector's interests. This article presents some of the many recent developments in normative and legislative matters.
{"title":"State of Legislative and Normative Art in the Fields of the Environment, Health and Security of European Electrical and Electronic Equipment","authors":"Hassanzadeh Merdad, M. Renaud","doi":"10.18280/ejee.224-501","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18280/ejee.224-501","url":null,"abstract":"Received: 17 April 2020 Accepted: 10 September 2020 Electricity is becoming increasingly important in our modern life, particularly in developed countries and recent generations. This contemporary energy allows smart programming and more refined uses. As a result, there is a need for better energy efficiency of Electrical and Electronic Equipment (EEE). In this context, the design of EEE must meet statutory obligations in order to reduce their consumption of primary energy by considering equipment over their whole life cycle. European legislation (WEEE, RoHS, ErP, REACh) has played a major role in deep technological change and has placed the environment at the center of the sector's interests. This article presents some of the many recent developments in normative and legislative matters.","PeriodicalId":340029,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Electrical Engineering","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116844736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Received: 25 May 2020 Accepted: 16 September 2020 Currently, many simulation tools based on numerical methods are available for modelling of low frequency electromagnetic problems such as eddy current related problems, electrical machines and electromagnetic actuators analysis. Commonly, it’s the finite element method (FEM) which is used; nevertheless, the exploit of other numerical approaches, such as the finite volume method (FVM) can be strongly promising. Accordingly, the main purpose of this paper is to present the FVM method as an alternative method for low frequency electromagnetic problems. Thus, 2D and 3D FVM computer codes are developed and examined through the analysis of two TEAM workshop problems and an experimental electromagnetic micro-actuator. These types of problems are habitually analyzed by the FEM method. By using the FVM method, the solution of the above listed problems includes eddy current, torque and magnetic force computation.
{"title":"The Finite Volume Method an Alternative Method for LF Electromagnetic Problems","authors":"Riad Benghalia, A. Cheriet, I. Amrani","doi":"10.18280/ejee.224-507","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18280/ejee.224-507","url":null,"abstract":"Received: 25 May 2020 Accepted: 16 September 2020 Currently, many simulation tools based on numerical methods are available for modelling of low frequency electromagnetic problems such as eddy current related problems, electrical machines and electromagnetic actuators analysis. Commonly, it’s the finite element method (FEM) which is used; nevertheless, the exploit of other numerical approaches, such as the finite volume method (FVM) can be strongly promising. Accordingly, the main purpose of this paper is to present the FVM method as an alternative method for low frequency electromagnetic problems. Thus, 2D and 3D FVM computer codes are developed and examined through the analysis of two TEAM workshop problems and an experimental electromagnetic micro-actuator. These types of problems are habitually analyzed by the FEM method. By using the FVM method, the solution of the above listed problems includes eddy current, torque and magnetic force computation.","PeriodicalId":340029,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Electrical Engineering","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116027901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Received: 15 June 2020 Accepted: 26 September 2020 In this manuscript we establish a multiple-objective gravitational search algorithm (GSA) and Tabu heuristic search to plan electrical distribution system. GSA is minimized the Distribution Generator (DG) investment cost, cost of distribution system loss, operation as well as DG maintenance cost with help of appropriate constraints. So the optimum sizing of DG is planned in the optimum location with reduced cost. Here, the Gravitational Search Algorithm (GSA) accelerates the speed of convergence to combination of Tabu heuristic search method search strategy. As established multipurpose hybrid algorithm to plan electrical distribution system performed at MATLAB / simulink platform as well as efficiency evaluated to compare it other methods. The outcomes of comparison determine the advantage of established method as well as confirm its potential to resolve issue.
{"title":"A Multi-Objective Hybrid Algorithm for Planning Electrical Distribution System","authors":"P. Rajesh, Francis H. Shajin","doi":"10.18280/ejee.224-509","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18280/ejee.224-509","url":null,"abstract":"Received: 15 June 2020 Accepted: 26 September 2020 In this manuscript we establish a multiple-objective gravitational search algorithm (GSA) and Tabu heuristic search to plan electrical distribution system. GSA is minimized the Distribution Generator (DG) investment cost, cost of distribution system loss, operation as well as DG maintenance cost with help of appropriate constraints. So the optimum sizing of DG is planned in the optimum location with reduced cost. Here, the Gravitational Search Algorithm (GSA) accelerates the speed of convergence to combination of Tabu heuristic search method search strategy. As established multipurpose hybrid algorithm to plan electrical distribution system performed at MATLAB / simulink platform as well as efficiency evaluated to compare it other methods. The outcomes of comparison determine the advantage of established method as well as confirm its potential to resolve issue.","PeriodicalId":340029,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Electrical Engineering","volume":"62 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114102717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper presents a decentralized Takagi Sugeno (T-S) control scheme for a PV powered water pumping system, which is composed of a photovoltaic generator (PVG) supplying via a DC-DC boost converter, a DC-AC inverter, an Induction Motor coupled to a centrifugal pump. A T-S fuzzy controller is developed for MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracking) to control the DC-DC boost converter, under variable solar irradiation and ambient temperature. An observer-based T-S fuzzy controller is dedicated to control the IM to guarantee the field-oriented control performances. From the optimal PV power provided in the MPP conditions, the optimal speed is calculated and delivered to control the IM, so that the proposed PV pumping system operates in optimal conditions and thus, maximizes the quantity of water pumped daily. Finally, simulation results are presented for both transient and steady state operation while taking into account all changes in climatic conditions, in order to validate the efficiency of the developed decentralized controller.
{"title":"Decentralized T-S Fuzzy Control for Solar PV Powered Water Pumping System Driving by Induction Motor","authors":"Z. B. Safia, M. Allouch, M. Chaabane","doi":"10.18280/ejee.224-502","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18280/ejee.224-502","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a decentralized Takagi Sugeno (T-S) control scheme for a PV powered water pumping system, which is composed of a photovoltaic generator (PVG) supplying via a DC-DC boost converter, a DC-AC inverter, an Induction Motor coupled to a centrifugal pump. A T-S fuzzy controller is developed for MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracking) to control the DC-DC boost converter, under variable solar irradiation and ambient temperature. An observer-based T-S fuzzy controller is dedicated to control the IM to guarantee the field-oriented control performances. From the optimal PV power provided in the MPP conditions, the optimal speed is calculated and delivered to control the IM, so that the proposed PV pumping system operates in optimal conditions and thus, maximizes the quantity of water pumped daily. Finally, simulation results are presented for both transient and steady state operation while taking into account all changes in climatic conditions, in order to validate the efficiency of the developed decentralized controller.","PeriodicalId":340029,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Electrical Engineering","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129601146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Received: 16 February 2020 Accepted: 20 May 2020 This paper demonstrated the design of a Metal Oxide Surge Arrester for a 132 kV system with a rated voltage of 120 kV according to specifications. The study model was chosen to be Pinceti model which is a derivation of the IEEE standard model of Lightning arrester design. The design specifications for the lab tests on 120kV rated arrester for ZnO material were obtained from the catalogue of Ohio Brass Pvt. Ltd. The parameters for the lumped components were derived from the manufacturer’s data sheet while the non-linear characteristic was derived from curve fitting based on the Pinceti provided curves in literature, using Matlab Curve Fitting Tool. The design was simulated on EMTP-RV commercial software and the results before optimization as well as after optimization are presented. A cross comparison with the manufacturers data results in 1.113% relative error, which is in competition with similar designs for different rated and system voltages in literature. The study presents an improved model of a metal oxide arrester for 132kV system, with its lumped and exponential parameters presented in detail.
{"title":"Modeling and Simulation of a Metal Oxide Lightning Surge Arrester for 132kV Overhead Transmission Lines","authors":"A. Khan","doi":"10.18280/ejee.224-510","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18280/ejee.224-510","url":null,"abstract":"Received: 16 February 2020 Accepted: 20 May 2020 This paper demonstrated the design of a Metal Oxide Surge Arrester for a 132 kV system with a rated voltage of 120 kV according to specifications. The study model was chosen to be Pinceti model which is a derivation of the IEEE standard model of Lightning arrester design. The design specifications for the lab tests on 120kV rated arrester for ZnO material were obtained from the catalogue of Ohio Brass Pvt. Ltd. The parameters for the lumped components were derived from the manufacturer’s data sheet while the non-linear characteristic was derived from curve fitting based on the Pinceti provided curves in literature, using Matlab Curve Fitting Tool. The design was simulated on EMTP-RV commercial software and the results before optimization as well as after optimization are presented. A cross comparison with the manufacturers data results in 1.113% relative error, which is in competition with similar designs for different rated and system voltages in literature. The study presents an improved model of a metal oxide arrester for 132kV system, with its lumped and exponential parameters presented in detail.","PeriodicalId":340029,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Electrical Engineering","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123401426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Manuel Marín-Reyes, Jesus Aguayo-Alquicira, Susana Estefany De León-Aldaco
Currently, multilevel inverters have been increased the number of applications in the industrial sector and renewable energy sources. Among its characteristics, the most remarkable are modular design, high performance, and low harmonic distortion in the output voltage waveform. For this paper, a single-phase Cascade H-Bridge Multilevel Inverters (CHB-MLI or CMLI) topology with independent DC sources, has been selected for the case study. Analyzing three scenarios: 5-level, 7-level, and 9-level applying the concept of the Optimized Harmonic Stepped-Waveform (OHSW) and comparing the results between the Selective Harmonic Eliminated-Pulse Width Modulation (SHE-PWM) and the Optimal Minimization of the Total Harmonic Distortion (OMTHD) are also presented. To compare the results obtained with classical and nature-inspired optimization methods, three techniques are used to solve transcendental nonlinear equations for the problem of Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) minimization: Newton Raphson (NR), Genetic Algorithm (GA), and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), which have been widely used for the problems of THD minimization in multilevel inverters.
{"title":"Calculation of Optimal Switching Angles for a Multilevel Inverter Using NR, PSO, and GA- a Comparison","authors":"Manuel Marín-Reyes, Jesus Aguayo-Alquicira, Susana Estefany De León-Aldaco","doi":"10.18280/ejee.224-506","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18280/ejee.224-506","url":null,"abstract":"Currently, multilevel inverters have been increased the number of applications in the industrial sector and renewable energy sources. Among its characteristics, the most remarkable are modular design, high performance, and low harmonic distortion in the output voltage waveform. For this paper, a single-phase Cascade H-Bridge Multilevel Inverters (CHB-MLI or CMLI) topology with independent DC sources, has been selected for the case study. Analyzing three scenarios: 5-level, 7-level, and 9-level applying the concept of the Optimized Harmonic Stepped-Waveform (OHSW) and comparing the results between the Selective Harmonic Eliminated-Pulse Width Modulation (SHE-PWM) and the Optimal Minimization of the Total Harmonic Distortion (OMTHD) are also presented. To compare the results obtained with classical and nature-inspired optimization methods, three techniques are used to solve transcendental nonlinear equations for the problem of Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) minimization: Newton Raphson (NR), Genetic Algorithm (GA), and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), which have been widely used for the problems of THD minimization in multilevel inverters.","PeriodicalId":340029,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Electrical Engineering","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131959512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Received: 10 March 2020 Accepted: 6 May 2020 Nowadays, research on the design of new power converter topologies, more precisely multilevel inverters, has greatly intensified due to reduced harmonic distortion rate. The multilevel inverters topologies with fewer switches are most appreciated and appropriate in embedded systems because of their small encumbrance, cost reduction and greater efficiency. In this paper, a contribution to the design of a new multilevel inverter topology with only six controllable switches to build three-phase seven-level inverter is presented. The proposed topology provides very interesting features that makes it more suitable for embedded systems, particularly in electric traction drive such as a reduced number of switches. The topology is based on a combination of three-level elementary modules. The proposed converter is tested by simulations on an inductive load and a controlled PMSM vehicle actuator. The obtained results show the effectiveness of the proposed topology.
{"title":"Novel Topology of a Multilevel Inverter Dedicated to Electric Traction Drive","authors":"Farid Kerrouche, F. Tazerart, N. Taib","doi":"10.18280/ejee.220306","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18280/ejee.220306","url":null,"abstract":"Received: 10 March 2020 Accepted: 6 May 2020 Nowadays, research on the design of new power converter topologies, more precisely multilevel inverters, has greatly intensified due to reduced harmonic distortion rate. The multilevel inverters topologies with fewer switches are most appreciated and appropriate in embedded systems because of their small encumbrance, cost reduction and greater efficiency. In this paper, a contribution to the design of a new multilevel inverter topology with only six controllable switches to build three-phase seven-level inverter is presented. The proposed topology provides very interesting features that makes it more suitable for embedded systems, particularly in electric traction drive such as a reduced number of switches. The topology is based on a combination of three-level elementary modules. The proposed converter is tested by simulations on an inductive load and a controlled PMSM vehicle actuator. The obtained results show the effectiveness of the proposed topology.","PeriodicalId":340029,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Electrical Engineering","volume":"83 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128647933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. B. Djilali, Adil Yahdou, E. Bounadja, F. Mehedi
Received: 10 March 2020 Accepted: 26 May 2020 The variable step size incremental conductance method (VSS-INC) is a very effective method. However, the VSS-INC method suffers from drifting during a rapid change of irradiation. Drifting is caused by the wrong decision made by the conventional VSS-INC method of the first step size perturbation delivered to varying the duty cycle at a rapid change in irradiation. Modified VSS-INC method has been proposed to stopping the drift problem by incorporating necessary information about the decision-making process during a rapid change of irradiation. The information used is the change in current, change in voltage and the derivative of the irradiation function. Drift problem is clearly shown in this paper for the conventional VSS-INC method. The Boost converter used to verify the efficacy of the modified VSS-INC method. The proposed method demonstrated a high efficacy in stopping the drift problem in the tracking of MPP at the rapid change of irradiation.
{"title":"Stopping the Drift Problem in the Tracking of Maximum Power Point for Photovoltaic System by Using Modified Variable Step Size Incremental Conductance Method","authors":"A. B. Djilali, Adil Yahdou, E. Bounadja, F. Mehedi","doi":"10.18280/ejee.220308","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18280/ejee.220308","url":null,"abstract":"Received: 10 March 2020 Accepted: 26 May 2020 The variable step size incremental conductance method (VSS-INC) is a very effective method. However, the VSS-INC method suffers from drifting during a rapid change of irradiation. Drifting is caused by the wrong decision made by the conventional VSS-INC method of the first step size perturbation delivered to varying the duty cycle at a rapid change in irradiation. Modified VSS-INC method has been proposed to stopping the drift problem by incorporating necessary information about the decision-making process during a rapid change of irradiation. The information used is the change in current, change in voltage and the derivative of the irradiation function. Drift problem is clearly shown in this paper for the conventional VSS-INC method. The Boost converter used to verify the efficacy of the modified VSS-INC method. The proposed method demonstrated a high efficacy in stopping the drift problem in the tracking of MPP at the rapid change of irradiation.","PeriodicalId":340029,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Electrical Engineering","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122758125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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