Radiation Medicine and Protection最新文献

{"title":"Development of radon detectors calibration system in Cameroon","authors":"Oumar Bobbo Modibo ,&nbsp;Gondji Dieu Souffit ,&nbsp;Koyang François ,&nbsp;Ndjana Nkoulou II Joseph Emmanuel ,&nbsp;Eka Djatnika Nugraha ,&nbsp;Chutima Kranrod ,&nbsp;Saïdou ,&nbsp;Shinji Tokonami","doi":"10.1016/j.radmp.2024.10.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.radmp.2024.10.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To develop a radon detectors calibration system at the Research Centre for Nuclear Science and Technology (CRSTN) of the Institute of Geological and Mining Research (IRGM) in Cameroon.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A transparent box named radon chamber, a certified radon source, and a reference device have been provided to Cameroon by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) within the framework of a technical cooperation project. Depending on what radon levels are expected, two different configurations (Hookup I and Hookup II) of the system are adopted. Hookup I is a closed loop, and Hookup II is an open loop that samples fresh air.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The operation of the system generates a radon concentration of up to ∼30,000 Bq/m³ when applied the Hookup I and of up to 1,000 Bq/m³ using the Hookup II configuration. For the calibration of the detectors for environmental radon monitoring, a stabilized concentration of 1,000 Bq/m³ is enough. Furthermore, temperature, relative humidity, and pressure, in the reference instrument ranged from 23 to 40°C, 32%–72%, and 929 to 936 mBar, respectively. Inside the radon chamber, temperature, relative humidity, and pressure are similar to the laboratory's condition.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The present calibration system will be useful for the calibration of radon detectors. The system can also be used for various purposes such as research activities on radon, education on radon detection, radon measurement, radon mitigation, radon mapping, protection against radon, and research in the African region.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34051,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Medicine and Protection","volume":"5 4","pages":"Pages 223-228"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143175745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An update on soil gas harvesting technique as a non-depleting source of 222Rn for a large volume calibration chamber for long-term exposure experiments","authors":"Vijith A.P.,&nbsp;Karunakara N.","doi":"10.1016/j.radmp.2024.10.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.radmp.2024.10.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To demonstrate the versatility of the natural soil gas harvesting technique, coupled with a semi-dynamic injection algorithm, as an efficient and reliable source for continuous ²²²Rn delivery to a large-volume calibration chamber across different soil conditions and climatic conditions.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Long-term experiments were performed during three seasons of a year in a tropical monsoonal climatic region with high rainfall on the Southwest Coast of India. Soil gas extraction was performed using soil-gas probes, inserted to 1 ​m deep into the ground. Soil gas was harvested at a flow rate of 60 L/min, passed through a moisture trap, a ²²²Rn progeny filter, and a delay volume and pumped into a ²²²Rn calibration chamber of volume 22.7 ​m³. Continuous monitoring of ²²²Rn concentration in the chamber was performed using ionization chamber-based reference monitors. To achieve and maintain the desired ²²²Rn concentration values in the calibration chamber, the semi-dynamic injection method was adopted, in which the ²²²Rn concentration in the soil gas was monitored periodically, and injection into the chamber was controlled using a well-defined pumping algorithm. Three ranges of ²²²Rn concentration values were chosen as the target values to be maintained in the calibration chamber for long-term experiments (15 ​d): low concentration (500–1,000 Bq/m³), medium concentration (1,000–10,000 Bq/m³), and high concentration (10,000–25,000 Bq/m³).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The achieved ²²²Rn concentration values were in good agreement with the target values, with deviations of 12%, 8% and 5% for the low, medium and high concentration exposures, respectively, during the summer season. During the monsoon season, the deviations between the target and the achieved concentration values were 12%, 10% and 5% for low, medium and high concentration exposures, respectively, and the corresponding deviations were 12%, 4%, and 5% for the winter season. These deviations are well within the cumulative uncertainty associated with the measurements.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The results of this study conclusively demonstrate that the soil gas harvesting method, when coupled with the semi-dynamic injection approach, is a reliable method for generating and maintaining the desired ²²²Rn concentration in the large volume calibration chamber during different seasons and environmental conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34051,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Medicine and Protection","volume":"5 4","pages":"Pages 219-222"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143175744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A summary of UNSCEAR 2019 report on lung cancer from exposure to radon and research needs","authors":"Jing Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.radmp.2024.05.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.radmp.2024.05.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The annex B of the UNSCEAR 2019 Report presented a comprehensive review of dosimetric and epidemiological assessments published in the period 2006 to 2017 for deriving conversion factors for calculating the dose from a given exposure to radon (²²²Rn). The conversion factor is needed for comparison purposes with other sources of radiation exposure. Even though extensive research has been conducted, uncertainties remain large. Given that the uncertainties from both dosimetric and epidemiological studies give rise to a broad range of risk estimates and the fact that values from the current dosimetry and epidemiological reviews are consistent with those used in previous UNSCEAR reports, the Committee recommends the continued use of the dose conversion factor of 9 nSv⋅ ​(h⋅Bq⋅m⁻³)⁻¹ equilibrium equivalent concentration of ²²²Rn for estimating radon exposure levels to a population. This paper summarizes the findings of UNSCEAR's scientific evaluations and its decision regarding the dose conversion factor for population exposure to radon. Research needs for better assessing doses to the lung and risks of lung cancer from exposure to radon are also discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34051,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Medicine and Protection","volume":"5 4","pages":"Pages 215-218"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141032377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DNA damage repair meets radiation: Better radiotherapy based on study of the underlying mechanisms","authors":"Ruixue Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.radmp.2024.07.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.radmp.2024.07.002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":34051,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Medicine and Protection","volume":"5 4","pages":"Page 276"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141849728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radon exhalation rate from the latex pillows and its potential exposure to users","authors":"Phachirarat Sola ,&nbsp;Kanokporn Boonsirichai ,&nbsp;Santi Raksawong ,&nbsp;Ritiron Samran ,&nbsp;Pimprapa Chaijak ,&nbsp;Hirofumi Tazoe ,&nbsp;Chutima Kranrod ,&nbsp;Rawiwan Kritsananuwat ,&nbsp;Sattawat Jongjitklang ,&nbsp;Vichai Puripunyavanich ,&nbsp;Masahiro Hosoda ,&nbsp;Waleeporn Pongkua ,&nbsp;Shinji Tokonami","doi":"10.1016/j.radmp.2024.09.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.radmp.2024.09.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To develop a new system to accurately measure the radon exhalation from the latex pillows, and to estimate its potential exposure to users.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The new system is composed of two loops, the first loop is designed to trap background radon and thoron until their levels are nearly zero, and the second loop is the measurement loop to detect radon and thoron exhalation rates from the pillows.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The results showed that mass radon exhalation rated ranged from 0.18 Bq·kg⁻¹⋅h⁻¹ to 0.78 Bq·kg⁻¹⋅h⁻¹, with an average of (0.36 ​± ​0.17) Bq·kg⁻¹⋅h⁻¹ in the 9 samples. The average annual effective dose to users in a model room was estimated to be (15.51 ​± ​12.69) μSv by assuming two pillows was used.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>These results demonstrate that the new system can effectively measure radon exhalation rates in latex pillows, and the potential exposure to radon exhalating from the pillows is very low.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34051,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Medicine and Protection","volume":"5 4","pages":"Pages 238-242"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143174400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A humidity resistant radon source developed by ion exchange of radium in a membrane","authors":"Yanliang Chen,&nbsp;Linfeng He,&nbsp;Gang Han","doi":"10.1016/j.radmp.2024.09.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.radmp.2024.09.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To develop a humidity resistant radon source on a membrane based on the ion exchange technique.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>²²⁶Ra in its standard solution was adsorbed in the HP membrane through cation exchange. The radioactivity of ²²⁶Ra in the membrane was determined through the measurements of ²²⁶Ra activities in the solution before and after the adsorption using a HPGe γ spectrometer. The emanation coefficients of radon from the membrane in different humidity conditions were quantified through the measurements of radon concentrations in a close loop mode using the AlphaGUARD DF2000 radon monitor. Long-term measurements of radon concentrations in the close loop and a standard chamber using the membrane as radon source were performed to verify the stability of radon emanation from the source.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A piece (70 ​mm ​× ​20 ​mm) of the HP membrane could adsorb 51.2 kBq of ²²⁶Ra in about 30 ​min. The emanation coefficient of radon from the membrane could reach as high as 0.997, and it was hardly changed in a humidity range from 7.5% RH to 94.5 ​% RH. The variation of the radon production rate from the source was only ±1.2 ​% in two weeks at a general laboratory condition, and its emanation stability was also confirmed in a standard radon chamber by using the membrane source for one month.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The radon membrane source developed in this study has a stable emanation coefficient regardless the environmental humidity. It can be used as a flow-through radon source in a standard radon chamber.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34051,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Medicine and Protection","volume":"5 4","pages":"Pages 229-232"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143175748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radon exhalation and emanation assessments in the Transdanubian Central Mountain in Hungary","authors":"Maté Novák,&nbsp;Zsolt Homoki,&nbsp;Gergely Tóth,&nbsp;Anita Csordás,&nbsp;Edit Tóth-Bodrogi,&nbsp;Miklós Hegedűs,&nbsp;Tibor Kovács","doi":"10.1016/j.radmp.2024.08.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.radmp.2024.08.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To determine the radium-226 activity concentration, the massic radon exhalation rate and emanation factor of 55 soil samples from the Central Transdanubian Mountains in Hungary as well as possible radon exhalation hotspots in the sampling area were determined. Further indoor measurements are planned to investigate the possible exposure to radon of the inhabitants.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The radium-226 activity concentration measurements were carried out with a semiconductor HPGe gamma-ray spectrometer. The massic radon exhalation rate and emanation factor were determined by measuring the radon activity concentrations using the accumulation method with a system developed by our department based on an AlphaGUARD DF2000 portable radon monitor.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The activity concentrations of radium-226 were between (11.4 ​± ​2.5) and (118.2 ​± ​3.0) Bq/kg, while their average was 39.51 Bq/kg. The massic radon exhalation rates were between (1.02 ​± ​3.64) mBq⋅kg^−1⋅h⁻¹ and (275.63 ​± ​4.05) mBq⋅kg⁻¹⋅h⁻¹, while their average was 39.51 mBq⋅kg⁻¹⋅h⁻¹. Finally, the emanation factors were between (0.01 ​± ​0.04) and (0.80 ​± ​0.03) with an average of 0.30.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>In our study, the results recorded from the bedrock at the sampling sites were analyzed. 9 samples were taken from sites comprised of limestone bedrock, moreover, the average radium-226 activity concentrations and massic radon exhalation rates at these sampling sites were higher than average. It was also concluded that although no regional correlation can be seen from the results, a possible smaller radon hotspot was identified from our measurements where further sampling will be carried out.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34051,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Medicine and Protection","volume":"5 4","pages":"Pages 254-259"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143175370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum regarding missing ethics approval statements in previously published articles","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.radmp.2024.09.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.radmp.2024.09.005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":34051,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Medicine and Protection","volume":"5 4","pages":"Pages 277-278"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143174402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial note to previously published articles","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.radmp.2024.11.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.radmp.2024.11.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":34051,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Medicine and Protection","volume":"5 4","pages":"Pages 279-280"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143174403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation on radon levels in soil and water associated with Mount Tampomas geothermal activity in Indonesia","authors":"Heri Nurohman ,&nbsp;Eka Djatnika Nugraha ,&nbsp;Teuku Yan W.M. Iskandarsyah ,&nbsp;Hendarmawan Hendarmawan","doi":"10.1016/j.radmp.2024.08.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.radmp.2024.08.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To investigate radon emanation in geothermal manifestations around Mount Tampomas, West Java, Indonesia, and assess radon concentrations in soil and water samples.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Radon measurements were conducted using the Durridge Rad7 instrument, supplemented with a soil gas probe for <em>in-situ</em> soil radon measurements at a depth of 80 ​cm. <em>In-situ</em> water radon measurements were performed using the Rad Aqua instrument, while radon measurements for hot water samples were conducted separately. Radon measurements for hot water samples were corrected for decay using a radon decay correction factor.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The analysis of radon measurements revealed a wide range of concentrations in soil and water samples. Soil radon concentrations ranged from 15 Bq/m³ to 4,660 Bq/m³, with localized hotspots exhibiting exceptionally high concentrations. Water radon measurements showed elevated levels, ranging from 0.2 Bq/L to 13.4 Bq/L <em>in-situ</em>, particularly in hot springs. In collected water samples, radon concentrations ranged from 1 Bq/L to 6 Bq/L. These combined results highlight significant variability in radon levels across different water sources influenced by geothermal activity.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>These findings indicate active emanation processes influenced by geological factors and underscore the role of subsurface geology and aquifer characteristics in radon transport mechanisms. The presence of localized radon hotspots suggests the need for comprehensive monitoring and proactive management strategies to mitigate environmental and public health risks associated with radon exposure.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34051,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Medicine and Protection","volume":"5 4","pages":"Pages 248-253"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143175369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}