Radiation Medicine and Protection最新文献_第7页

Effects of SWI/SNF complex on DNA damage repair in heterochromatin of embryonic fibroblast cells SWI/SNF 复合物对胚胎成纤维细胞异染色质中 DNA 损伤修复的影响

Q1 Health Professions

Radiation Medicine and Protection

Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.radmp.2023.10.006

Hong Zhang , Yinyin Shu , Mintao Ji

Objective

To investigate the impact of SWI/SNF complex on heterochromatin DNA damage repair after exposure to X-ray irradiation, in order to explore the underlying mechanism.

Methods

NIH3T3 and MRC5 cells were treated with 50 nmol/L siRNA targeting SWI/SNF complex subunits (BRM, ARID1A, BRG1 and SNF5), and YAP/TAZ. At 24 h after transfection, the cells were irradiated with 0.5 and 1 Gy of X-rays. At 20, 60 and 240 min post-irradiation, γH2AX assay was performed to evaluate the radiation response in total or heterochromatin. Comet assay was used to determine the role of YAP/TAZ in DNA damage when the cells were irradiated with 4 Gy of X-rays. NIH3T3 were treated with 50 nmol/L siRNA targeting BRM/BRG1 and YAP/TAZ to determine their relationship on heterochromatin DNA damage repair.

Results

In NIH3T3, SWI/SNF complex subunits (BRM, ARID1A and BRG1) knock-down increased γH2AX in total and heterochromatin at 1 Gy 60 min post-irradiation (P < 0.05), while SNF5 knock-down decreased heterochromatin γH2AX at 1 Gy 20 min post-irradiation (P < 0.05). In MRC5, BRM and BRG1 knock-down increased γH2AX in total and heterochromatin at 1 Gy 60 min post-irradiation (P < 0.05). Inconsistently, ARID1A knock-down did not affect it, and SNF5 knock-down increased heterochromatin γH2AX at 1 Gy 60 min post-irradiation (P < 0.05). Moreover, YAP/TAZ knock-down decreased heterochromatin γH2AX in NIH3T3 and MRC5 (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, YAP/TAZ knock-down decreased Tail Moment in comet assay at 4 Gy 60 min post-irradiation (P < 0.05). BRM/BRG1 combining with YAP/TAZ knock-down significantly decreased heterochromatin γH2AX compared with single BRM/BRG1 knock-down at 0.5 Gy 60 min post-irradiation (P < 0.05).

Conclusions

The SWI/SNF complex subunits exhibited varying effects on DNA damage repair. BRM/BRG1 knock-down promoted γH2AX accumulation in heterochromatin through YAP/TAZ. This study provides a novel direction for DNA damage repair and sheds light on the role of SWI/SNF complex in response to DNA damage repair in heterochromatin.

方法用50 nmol/L靶向SWI/SNF复合体亚基（BRM、ARID1A、BRG1和SNF5）和YAP/TAZ的siRNA处理NIH3T3和MRC5细胞。转染后 24 小时，用 0.5 Gy 和 1 Gy 的 X 射线照射细胞。辐照后 20、60 和 240 分钟，进行 γH2AX 检测，以评估总染色质或异染色质的辐射反应。彗星试验用于确定细胞在接受 4 Gy X 射线照射时 YAP/TAZ 在 DNA 损伤中的作用。用 50 nmol/L siRNA 靶向 BRM/BRG1 和 YAP/TAZ 处理 NIH3T3，以确定它们与异染色质 DNA 损伤修复的关系。结果在NIH3T3中，敲除SWI/SNF复合体亚基（BRM、ARID1A和BRG1）会增加辐照后1 Gy 60分钟时总染色质和异染色质中的γH2AX（P < 0.05），而敲除SNF5会减少辐照后1 Gy 20分钟时异染色质中的γH2AX（P < 0.05）。在 MRC5 中，辐照后 1 Gy 60 分钟时，BRM 和 BRG1 基因敲除会增加总染色质和异染色质中的γH2AX（P < 0.05）。与此不一致的是，在辐照后 1 Gy 60 分钟，ARID1A 敲除对其没有影响，而 SNF5 敲除会增加异染色质中的γH2AX（P <0.05）。此外，在 NIH3T3 和 MRC5 中，YAP/TAZ 敲除会减少异染色质 γH2AX （P < 0.05）。同时，YAP/TAZ 基因敲除可降低彗星试验中辐照后 4 Gy 60 分钟的尾矩（P < 0.05）。与单个 BRM/BRG1 敲除相比，在辐照后 0.5 Gy 60 分钟，BRM/BRG1 与 YAP/TAZ 联合敲除可显著减少异染色质 γH2AX （P < 0.05）。BRM/BRG1基因敲除通过YAP/TAZ促进了异染色质中γH2AX的积累。这项研究为DNA损伤修复提供了一个新的方向，并揭示了SWI/SNF复合物在异染色质DNA损伤修复中的作用。

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引用次数: 0

Measurement and analysis on distribution of radiation field dose inside the treatment room of TaiChi Pro multimodal integrated digital radiotherapy system 太极 Pro 多模态综合数字放射治疗系统治疗室内辐射场剂量分布测量与分析

Q1 Health Professions

Radiation Medicine and Protection

Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.radmp.2023.10.008

Meinan Yao , Zechen Feng , Bin Bai , Zhiqiang Xuan , Yongzhong Ma

Objective

To examine the leakage radiation dose from the accelerator module's primary beam self-shielding, as well as stray radiation levels and distribution in the treatment room across various planes for the innovative X/γ multimodal radiotherapy system, TaiChi Pro, which is the world's first digitally integrated system that combines a linear accelerator, multi-source rotational focused gamma knife, and multi-modal image guidance, in order to formulate treatment room safety strategies and estimate additional radiation doses to patients.

Methods

The TaiChi Pro multi-mode integrated radiotherapy system was utilized with a 6 MV X-ray accelerator in the flatten-filter free (FFF) treatment mode. The system has a primary radiation beam self-shielding, and an isocenter dose rate of 800 cGy/min. For detection points in various planes, an x, y, z coordinate system was established with the isocenter as the origin. To simulate the situation of patient, water-equivalent phantom was employed. The ambient dose equivalent and ambient dose equivalent rate at detection points in the radiation field were measured using thermoluminescence dosimeters.

Results

The self-shielding area achieved a maximum dose of 114.0 mGy at 1 m distance from the target point after 3 min of cumulative irradiation. The leakage radiation ratios at all points remained below 0.5%, fulfilling the self-shielding design requirements. Regarding the couch, the highest radiation was observed in the opposite direction of the beam at the target point. The stray radiation on the treatment bed plane resulted in an ambient dose equivalent that did not exceed 0.5% of the ambient dose equivalent at the central point.

Conclusion

The levels and distribution patterns of stray and leakage radiation inside the TaiChi Pro treatment room meet the requirements of the relevant national standard. The measured values of indoor radiation levels and distribution are very useful for room shielding design and personnel protection.

目的研究创新的X/γ多模态放疗系统 "太极Pro"（世界上第一台集直线加速器、多源旋转聚焦伽玛刀和多模态图像引导于一体的数字集成系统）的加速器模块主射束自屏蔽产生的泄漏辐射剂量，以及治疗室的杂散辐射水平和在不同平面上的分布情况，以制定治疗室安全策略并估算患者的额外辐射剂量。方法：TaiChi Pro 多模式综合放射治疗系统配备了一台 6 MV X 射线加速器，采用无扁平过滤器（FFF）治疗模式。该系统具有主射线束自屏蔽功能，等中心剂量率为 800 cGy/min。对于不同平面上的检测点，建立了以等中心为原点的 x、y、z 坐标系。为了模拟病人的情况，采用了水等效模型。使用热释光剂量计测量了辐射场中各检测点的环境剂量当量和环境剂量当量率。所有点的泄漏辐射比均低于 0.5%，符合自屏蔽设计要求。在治疗床方面，目标点的光束反方向辐射最高。治疗床平面上的杂散辐射导致的环境剂量当量不超过中心点环境剂量当量的 0.5%。室内辐射水平和分布的测量值对房间屏蔽设计和人员防护非常有用。

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引用次数: 0

Monte Carlo simulations for targeted beta therapy: An optimization for liver lesions and comparison of dose distributions in other organs 蒙特卡罗模拟β靶向治疗：肝脏病变的优化和其他器官剂量分布的比较

Q1 Health Professions

Radiation Medicine and Protection

Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.radmp.2023.11.001

Ayhan Kara, Emil Mammadzada

Objective

To optimize targeted beta therapy for liver lesions in adult male phantom by comparing the efficacy and safety profiles of five different beta-emitting radionuclides: ⁹⁰Y, ¹⁶⁶Ho, ¹⁵³Sm, ⁴⁷Sc, and ¹⁷⁷Lu.

Methods

This study includes Monte Carlo simulations of the behavioral characteristics of five different beta emitters that have current or potential use in targeted beta therapy. The energy loss of beta particles moving within the material through ionization or chemical processes, the energy transferred to the material, the energy lost by beta particles along the distance traveled within the tissue, and consequently, the stopping power are calculated using the Bethe-Bloch formula. The CSDA (continuous slowing-down approximation) range of beta particles within the tissue is examined using ESTAR and GEANT codes, while the stopping power of the tissue is investigated using FLUKA, ESTAR, and GEANT codes. Tissue dose calculations for the target organ are obtained using the IDAC-Dose2.1 and MIRDcalc simulation programs, using parameters such as absorbed dose per accumulated activity (S-factor) and specific absorbed fraction (SAF). Additionally, dose and flux values are obtained using the PHITS program.

Results

The behaviors and dose contribution of beta particles in liver tissue have been addressed in various ways. ⁹⁰Y, which has the highest average beta energy, was observed to provide a higher absorbed dose value in the liver compared to other beta-emitting isotopes, while the lowest absorbed dose was observed with ¹⁷⁷Lu. In other organs, it has been observed that ⁹⁰Y and ⁴⁷Sc contribute to a higher absorbed dose compared to other beta-emitting isotopes.

Conclusions

This study emphasizes the complexity and significance of targeted beta therapy optimization.

目的通过比较五种不同的β发射放射性核素的有效性和安全性，优化针对成年男性模型肝脏病变的β靶向治疗：方法本研究包括对目前或可能用于β靶向治疗的五种不同β发射体的行为特征进行蒙特卡罗模拟。使用贝特-布洛赫公式计算了β粒子通过电离或化学过程在材料内移动时所损失的能量、转移到材料上的能量、β粒子在组织内移动的距离所损失的能量以及由此产生的停止功率。使用ESTAR和GEANT代码对组织内β粒子的CSDA（连续减速近似）范围进行研究，同时使用FLUKA、ESTAR和GEANT代码对组织的停止功率进行研究。使用 IDAC-Dose2.1 和 MIRDcalc 模拟程序，利用每累积活度吸收剂量（S 系数）和特定吸收分数（SAF）等参数，对目标器官进行组织剂量计算。此外，我们还使用 PHITS 程序获得了剂量和通量值。据观察，与其他 β 发射同位素相比，平均 β 能量最高的 90Y 在肝脏中的吸收剂量值较高，而 177Lu 的吸收剂量最低。在其他器官中，观察到 90Y 和 47Sc 的吸收剂量高于其他 β 发射同位素。

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引用次数: 0

Evaluating a novel protective agent against radiation-induced acute intestinal injury 评估一种新型保护剂，防止辐射引起的急性肠道损伤

Q1 Health Professions

Radiation Medicine and Protection

Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.radmp.2023.10.004

Xin He , Jing Wu , Yinping Dong , Wenxuan Li , Xinyue Wang , Qidong Huo , Tongpeng Yue , Yiliang Li , Bin Wu , Deguan Li

Objective

To develop and synthesize a novel derivative of ethyl pyruvate, named TZC02, and investigate its radioprotective effects against ionizing radiation (IR)-induced intestinal injury in mice.

Methods

Male C57BL/6J mice weighing (20 ± 2) g in the survival experiment were randomly divided into five groups (n = 10 in each): control group, IR group, IR + TZC02 (50 mg/kg) group, IR + TZC02 (100 mg/kg) group, and IR + TZC02 (200 mg/kg) group. Mice's survival rates were monitored for 7 d. In other experiments, the male mice were randomly divided into three groups (n = 5 per group): control group, IR group, and IR + TZC02 (100 mg/kg) group. TZC02 was intragastrically administered 1 h before 12 Gy abdominal γ-ray irradiation (ABI) and 24 h, 48 h after irradiation, respectively. Three days after IR exposure, small intestinal tissues were collected and the number of small intestinal crypts was determined using hematoxylin & eosin (H&E) staining. Immunohistochemical analysis was used to assess the regenerative capacity of the small intestine (SI) and radiation-induced damage, stemness markers or DNA repair surrogates, including Ki67, lysozyme, and villus. The expressions of histone H2AX phosphorylation (γH2AX) and caspase-3 were evaluated through immunofluorescence analyses. Additionally, in vitro cultured small intestinal organoids were employed to investigate the effects of TZC02 on SI regeneration after irradiation.

Results

The administration of TZC02 significantly improved the 7 d- survival rate of mice exposed to 12 Gy ABI (P < 0.05). Compared to the IR group, TZC02 treatment attenuated the decrease of SI Ki67-positive cells [(59.60 ± 6.33) vs. (37.70 ± 7.82), t = 11.89, P < 0.0001) and Paneth cells [(9.90 ± 1.37) vs.(5.50 ± 1.71) , t = 6.02, P < 0.001) in five crypts, and reduced structural damage to the SI [villus height, (349.49 ± 60.17) μm vs. (294.72 ± 40.09) μm; t = 3.39; P < 0.05]. TZC02 also significantly decreased the crypt apoptosis detected by caspase-3 [(10.75 ± 1.26) vs. (29.83 ± 2.56), t = 13.39, P < 0.0001) and DNA damage detected by gH2AX [(10.40 ± 1.14) vs. (29.60 ± 2.70), t = 10.13, P < 0.0001)]. The organoid survival 7 d post-irradiation further confirmed the protective effects of TZC02 (area of organoids, (0.119 ± 0.081) mm² vs. (0.080 ± 0.037) mm²; t = 2.30; P < 0.05).

Conclusions

This study demonstrate that TZC02 can offer effective protection against IR-induced intestinal injury, suggesting its potential as a promising protective compound for patients treated with radiotherapy.

目的开发和合成一种新型丙酮酸乙酯衍生物，命名为 TZC02，并研究其对电离辐射（IR）诱导的小鼠肠道损伤的放射保护作用。方法将生存实验中体重为（20 ± 2）克的雄性 C57BL/6J 小鼠随机分为五组（每组 10 只）：对照组、IR 组、IR + TZC02（50 毫克/千克）组、IR + TZC02（100 毫克/千克）组和 IR + TZC02（200 毫克/千克）组。对小鼠的存活率进行了 7 天的监测。在其他实验中，雄性小鼠被随机分为三组（每组 n = 5）：对照组、IR 组和 IR + TZC02（100 mg/kg）组。分别在 12 Gy 腹部γ射线照射（ABI）前 1 小时、照射后 24 小时和 48 小时胃内注射 TZC02。照射三天后，收集小肠组织，用苏木精和伊红（H&E）染色法测定小肠隐窝的数量。免疫组化分析用于评估小肠（SI）的再生能力和辐射引起的损伤、干性标志物或DNA修复替代物，包括Ki67、溶菌酶和绒毛。免疫荧光分析评估了组蛋白H2AX磷酸化（γH2AX）和Caspase-3的表达。此外，还利用体外培养的小肠器官组织研究了 TZC02 对辐照后 SI 再生的影响。与 IR 组相比，TZC02 治疗可减轻 SI Ki67 阳性细胞[(59.60 ± 6.33) vs. (37.70 ± 7.82), t = 11.89, P < 0.0001]和 Paneth 细胞[(9.90 ± 1.37) vs. (5. 50 ± 1.71), t = 11.89, P < 0.0001]的减少。50±1.71），t = 6.02，P <；0.001），并减少了 SI 的结构损伤[绒毛高度，（349.49±60.17）μm vs. （294.72±40.09）μm；t = 3.39；P <；0.05]。TZC02 还能明显减少 caspase-3 检测到的隐窝凋亡[（10.75 ± 1.26）vs（29.83 ± 2.56），t = 13.39，P <；0.0001）和 gH2AX 检测到的 DNA 损伤[（10.40 ± 1.14）vs（29.60 ± 2.70），t = 10.13，P <；0.0001）]。辐照后 7 d 的类器官存活率进一步证实了 TZC02 的保护作用（类器官面积，(0.119 ± 0.081) mm2 vs. (0.080 ± 0.037) mm2; t = 2.30; P < 0.05）。

{"title":"Evaluating a novel protective agent against radiation-induced acute intestinal injury","authors":"Xin He , Jing Wu , Yinping Dong , Wenxuan Li , Xinyue Wang , Qidong Huo , Tongpeng Yue , Yiliang Li , Bin Wu , Deguan Li","doi":"10.1016/j.radmp.2023.10.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.radmp.2023.10.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To develop and synthesize a novel derivative of ethyl pyruvate, named TZC02, and investigate its radioprotective effects against ionizing radiation (IR)-induced intestinal injury in mice.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Male C57BL/6J mice weighing (20 ± 2) g in the survival experiment were randomly divided into five groups (<em>n</em> = 10 in each): control group, IR group, IR + TZC02 (50 mg/kg) group, IR + TZC02 (100 mg/kg) group, and IR + TZC02 (200 mg/kg) group. Mice's survival rates were monitored for 7 d. In other experiments, the male mice were randomly divided into three groups (<em>n</em> = 5 per group): control group, IR group, and IR + TZC02 (100 mg/kg) group. TZC02 was intragastrically administered 1 h before 12 Gy abdominal γ-ray irradiation (ABI) and 24 h, 48 h after irradiation, respectively. Three days after IR exposure, small intestinal tissues were collected and the number of small intestinal crypts was determined using hematoxylin & eosin (H&E) staining. Immunohistochemical analysis was used to assess the regenerative capacity of the small intestine (SI) and radiation-induced damage, stemness markers or DNA repair surrogates, including Ki67, lysozyme, and villus. The expressions of histone H2AX phosphorylation (γH2AX) and caspase-3 were evaluated through immunofluorescence analyses. Additionally, <em>in vitro</em> cultured small intestinal organoids were employed to investigate the effects of TZC02 on SI regeneration after irradiation.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The administration of TZC02 significantly improved the 7 d- survival rate of mice exposed to 12 Gy ABI (<em>P</em> < 0.05). Compared to the IR group, TZC02 treatment attenuated the decrease of SI Ki67-positive cells [(59.60 ± 6.33) <em>vs.</em> (37.70 ± 7.82), <em>t</em> = 11.89, <em>P</em> < 0.0001) and Paneth cells [(9.90 ± 1.37) <em>vs.</em>(5.50 ± 1.71) , <em>t</em> = 6.02, <em>P</em> < 0.001) in five crypts, and reduced structural damage to the SI [villus height, (349.49 ± 60.17) μm <em>vs.</em> (294.72 ± 40.09) μm; <em>t</em> = 3.39; <em>P</em> < 0.05]. TZC02 also significantly decreased the crypt apoptosis detected by caspase-3 [(10.75 ± 1.26) <em>vs.</em> (29.83 ± 2.56), <em>t</em> = 13.39, <em>P</em> < 0.0001) and DNA damage detected by gH2AX [(10.40 ± 1.14) <em>vs.</em> (29.60 ± 2.70), <em>t</em> = 10.13, <em>P</em> < 0.0001)]. The organoid survival 7 d post-irradiation further confirmed the protective effects of TZC02 (area of organoids, (0.119 ± 0.081) mm<sup>2</sup> <em>vs.</em> (0.080 ± 0.037) mm<sup>2</sup>; <em>t</em> = 2.30; <em>P</em> < 0.05).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>This study demonstrate that TZC02 can offer effective protection against IR-induced intestinal injury, suggesting its potential as a promising protective compound for patients treated with radiotherapy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34051,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Medicine and Protection","volume":"4 4","pages":"Pages 221-226"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666555723000564/pdfft?md5=c8169ffca07f354c783dc39d775dfa5b&pid=1-s2.0-S2666555723000564-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135811174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Predicting late radiation-induced xerostomia in nasopharyngeal carcinoma based on radiomics features extracted from T2WI images of parotids 基于腮腺T2WI影像的放射组学特征预测鼻咽癌晚期放射性口干症

Q1 Health Professions

Radiation Medicine and Protection

Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.radmp.2023.06.002

Yonghui Qin , Cheng Chang , Li Huang , Yong Yin , Ruozheng Wang

Objective

To explore the value of radiomics features extracted from the T2-weighted imaging (T2WI) images of parotids in predicting late radiation-induced xerostomia in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients after radiotherapy (RT).

Methods

A retrospective analysis was conducted for 123 NPC patients who received RT at the Affiliated Tumour Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from January 2019 to March 2021. All the patients underwent MRI pre-RT and post-RT. They were randomly divided into a training set and a testing set at a ratio of 4:1 using a random number table, with the former and the latter comprising 98 and 25 cases, respectively. The ipsilateral parotid gland (iPG) and the contralateral parotid gland (cPG) were delineated on T2WI images pre-RT and post-RT as regions of interest (ROIs). A total of 851 radiomics features were extracted from each ROI. Spearman analysis was used to remove redundant features, and the recursive feature elimination (RFE) method was then used to determine useful features. Using radiomics features extracted from images pre-treatment, images post-treatment, and differences between images pre- and post-treatment, this study constructed three radiomic models, namely the pre-treatment radiomics model (preRT), the post-treatment radiomics model (postRT), and the delta-radiomics model (DeltaRT). Then, this study plotted the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves based on the late radiation-induced xerostomia grades of patients post-RT. Furthermore, the models’ effectiveness and performance in predicting late radiation-induced xerostomia and advanced radioactive xerostomia was evaluated. In addition, the area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, precision, and negative predictive value (NPV) were calculated.

Results

Among the features extracted from bilateral parotid glands (PGs), 20 were determined pre-RT (six from iPG and 14 from cPG), 19 were determined post-RT (six from iPG and 13 from cPG), and 20 were derived from the DeltaRT (20 from cPG). The PGs pre-RT and post-RT in the training set had AUCs of 0.902 (95% CI: 0.895–0.909) and 0.761 (95% CI: 0.744–0.778), respectively, while those in the testing set had AUCs of 0.740 (95% CI: 0.504–0.983) and 0.701 (95% CI: 0.478–0.924), respectively. In contrast, the AUC of the cPG derived from the DeltaRT was 0.867 (95% CI: 0.856–0.878) in the training set and 0.851 (95% CI: 0.697–0.999) in the testing set.

Conclusions

There are significant correlations between radiomics features extracted from MRI T2WI images of parotids and late radiation-induced xerostomia in NPC patients. Among the radiomics features, the changes in cPG features pre-RT and post-RT have higher accuracy in predicting late radiation-induced xerostomia.

目的探讨腮腺T2WI影像提取的放射组学特征对鼻咽癌放疗后晚期放射性口干的预测价值。方法对2019年1月至2021年3月在新疆医科大学附属肿瘤医院接受放疗的123例鼻咽癌患者进行回顾性分析。所有患者在放疗前和放疗后均行MRI检查。采用随机数字表，以4:1的比例随机分为训练集和测试集，其中训练集和测试集分别为98例和25例。对侧腮腺(cPG)和同侧腮腺(iPG)分别在T2WI图像上作为感兴趣区域(roi)。从每个ROI中提取了851个放射组学特征。采用Spearman分析法剔除冗余特征，采用递归特征消除法确定有用特征。本研究利用从图像预处理、图像处理后以及图像处理前后的差异中提取的放射组学特征，构建了三个放射组学模型，即治疗前放射组学模型(preRT)、治疗后放射组学模型(postRT)和delta-radiomics模型(DeltaRT)。然后，本研究根据放疗后患者晚期放射性口干分级绘制了受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线。此外，还评估了模型在预测晚期辐射性口干和晚期放射性口干的有效性和性能。计算曲线下面积(AUC)、敏感性、特异性、准确度、精密度和阴性预测值(NPV)。结果从双侧腮腺(pg)提取的特征中，rt前提取20个(iPG提取6个，cPG提取14个)，rt后提取19个(iPG提取6个，cPG提取13个)，DeltaRT提取20个(cPG提取20个)。训练集的pg在rt前和rt后的auc分别为0.902 (95% CI: 0.895-0.909)和0.761 (95% CI: 0.744-0.778)，而测试集的pg的auc分别为0.740 (95% CI: 0.504-0.983)和0.701 (95% CI: 0.478-0.924)。相比之下，由DeltaRT得出的cPG的AUC在训练集中为0.867 (95% CI: 0.856-0.878)，在测试集中为0.851 (95% CI: 0.697-0.999)。结论腮腺MRI T2WI影像放射组学特征与鼻咽癌晚期放射性口干有显著相关性。放射组学特征中，放疗前和放疗后cPG特征的变化对预测晚期辐射性口干有较高的准确性。

{"title":"Predicting late radiation-induced xerostomia in nasopharyngeal carcinoma based on radiomics features extracted from T2WI images of parotids","authors":"Yonghui Qin , Cheng Chang , Li Huang , Yong Yin , Ruozheng Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.radmp.2023.06.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.radmp.2023.06.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To explore the value of radiomics features extracted from the T2-weighted imaging (T2WI) images of parotids in predicting late radiation-induced xerostomia in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients after radiotherapy (RT).</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A retrospective analysis was conducted for 123 NPC patients who received RT at the Affiliated Tumour Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from January 2019 to March 2021. All the patients underwent MRI pre-RT and post-RT. They were randomly divided into a training set and a testing set at a ratio of 4:1 using a random number table, with the former and the latter comprising 98 and 25 cases, respectively. The ipsilateral parotid gland (iPG) and the contralateral parotid gland (cPG) were delineated on T2WI images pre-RT and post-RT as regions of interest (ROIs). A total of 851 radiomics features were extracted from each ROI. Spearman analysis was used to remove redundant features, and the recursive feature elimination (RFE) method was then used to determine useful features. Using radiomics features extracted from images pre-treatment, images post-treatment, and differences between images pre- and post-treatment, this study constructed three radiomic models, namely the pre-treatment radiomics model (preRT), the post-treatment radiomics model (postRT), and the delta-radiomics model (DeltaRT). Then, this study plotted the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves based on the late radiation-induced xerostomia grades of patients post-RT. Furthermore, the models’ effectiveness and performance in predicting late radiation-induced xerostomia and advanced radioactive xerostomia was evaluated. In addition, the area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity, specifi<strong>c</strong>ity, accuracy, precision, and negative predictive value (NPV) were calculated.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Among the features extracted from bilateral parotid glands (PGs), 20 were determined pre-RT (six from iPG and 14 from cPG), 19 were determined post-RT (six from iPG and 13 from cPG), and 20 were derived from the DeltaRT (20 from cPG). The PGs pre-RT and post-RT in the training set had AUCs of 0.902 (95% <em>CI</em>: 0.895–0.909) and 0.761 (95% <em>CI</em>: 0.744–0.778), respectively, while those in the testing set had AUCs of 0.740 (95% <em>CI</em>: 0.504–0.983) and 0.701 (95% <em>CI</em>: 0.478–0.924), respectively. In contrast, the AUC of the cPG derived from the DeltaRT was 0.867 (95% <em>CI</em>: 0.856–0.878) in the training set and 0.851 (95% <em>CI</em>: 0.697–0.999) in the testing set.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>There are significant correlations between radiomics features extracted from MRI T2WI images of parotids and late radiation-induced xerostomia in NPC patients. Among the radiomics features, the changes in cPG features pre-RT and post-RT have higher accuracy in predicting late radiation-induced xerostomia.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34051,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Medicine and Protection","volume":"4 3","pages":"Pages 125-129"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49655588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An analysis of the status of diagnostic radiology equipment in China 中国放射诊断设备现状分析

Q1 Health Professions

Radiation Medicine and Protection

Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.radmp.2023.08.001

Shuxia Hao, Mengxue Li, Shengnan Fan, Hui Xu, Jinsheng Cheng, Jun Deng

Objective

To analyze the current situation of diagnostic radiology equipment in Chinese mainland and to understand changes in the past 20 years, including gaps with other countries, in order to provide a scientific basis for the government to formulate relevant policies and regulations, and supplement Chinese data for international organizations.

Methods

This survey adopted a uniformly designed questionnaire, which was completed by the investigators or the respondents. The survey was distributed to all medical institutions that provided diagnostic radiology services in 31 provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities, excluding Hong Kong, Macao, Taiwan, and military, China.

Results

The survey showed that in the past 20 years, the number of medical institutions and diagnostic radiology equipment per million population in China has increased substantially. Dental radiology equipment increased nine-fold, and mammography equipment and computed tomography scanners showed a nearly five-fold increase. The four types of diagnostic radiology equipment, general diagnostic, fluoroscopic, mammography, and computed tomography, were associated with the population. Dental radiology equipment and bone mineral densitometers were related only to the gross domestic product (GDP). A large gap remains in the diagnostic radiology equipment per million population between China and the equipment of health-care level (HCL) I countries.

Conclusions

An imbalance in the number of units of diagnostic radiology equipment per million population was observed in the different regions, China. Various types of diagnostic radiology equipment, especially mammography equipment and computed tomography scanners, need to be deployed to meet the medical needs of different populations.

目的分析中国大陆放射诊断设备现状，了解近20年来的变化，包括与其他国家的差距，为政府制定相关政策法规提供科学依据，为国际组织补充中国数据。方法采用统一设计的问卷，由调查人员或被调查者填写。该调查分布在中国31个省、自治区、直辖市(不包括香港、澳门、台湾和军队)提供放射诊断服务的所有医疗机构。结果调查显示，近20年来，中国每百万人口拥有的医疗机构和放射诊断设备数量大幅增加。牙科放射设备增加了9倍，乳房x光摄影设备和计算机断层扫描设备增加了近5倍。四种类型的放射诊断设备，普通诊断，透视，乳房x线摄影和计算机断层扫描，与人群相关。牙科放射设备和骨密度计仅与国内生产总值相关。中国每百万人口放射诊断设备数量与卫生保健水平(HCL)一级国家相比仍有较大差距。结论中国不同地区每百万人口拥有的放射诊断设备数量存在不平衡。需要部署各种类型的放射诊断设备，特别是乳房x线照相术设备和计算机断层扫描仪，以满足不同人群的医疗需求。

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引用次数: 0

Construction of voxel-based Portunus haanii phantom and its absorbed fractions and specific absorbed fractions calculation based on Monte Carlo simulations 基于体素的Portunus-hanii体模的构建及其吸收分数和基于蒙特卡罗模拟的特定吸收分数计算

Q1 Health Professions

Radiation Medicine and Protection

Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.radmp.2023.06.001

Yaqin Zhang , Chunhui Gong , Chang Guo , Peng Wang , Wenjun Wang , Pengtao Cao , Qiang Li , Yi Yang

Objective

To build the database of the absorbed fractions (AFs) and specific absorbed fractions (SAFs), in order to accurately assess the internal radiation dose in non-human biota.

Methods

A voxel-based Portunus haanii phantom was established based on the computed tomography (CT) images. A set of AFs and SAFs were calculated with Monte Carlo toolkit Geant4 for the emission of monoenergetic photons and electrons with energies ranging from 10 keV to 5 MeV.

Results

The mass of the voxel-based Portunus haanii phantom (392.2 g) was in agreement with the actual mass (389.2 g), indicating the reliability of the phantom. The calculated AFs and SAFs, based on the voxel-based Portunus haanii phantom, provided precise and reliable data for conducting internal radiation dose calculations specifically tailored to the Chinese Red Swimming Crab (Portunus haanii). The results indicated that the self-AFs and self-SAFs were affected by both the radiation energy and the mass of the source/target organ. Moreover, the AFs and SAFs for cross irradiation, were not only dependent on the energy and the mass of the target organ, but also on the relative position of the source and target organs.

Conclusion

These results serve as a valuable resource for accurately evaluating the internal radiation exposure of this species.

目的建立吸收组分（AF）和比吸收组分数据库，以准确评估非人类生物区系的内部辐射剂量。方法在计算机断层扫描（CT）图像的基础上建立基于体素的Portunus-hanii体模。使用蒙特卡罗工具包Geant4计算了一组AF和SAF，用于发射能量范围为10的单能光子和电子keV至5MeV.结果基于体素的Portunus haanii体模的质量（392.2g）与实际质量一致（389.2g），表示体模的可靠性。计算的AF和SAF基于基于体素的Portunus haanii体模，为进行专门针对中国红梭子蟹（Portunus haanii）的内部辐射剂量计算提供了精确可靠的数据。结果表明，自身AF和自身SAFs受辐射能量和源/靶器官质量的影响。此外，交叉照射的AF和SAF不仅取决于靶器官的能量和质量，还取决于源器官和靶器官的相对位置。结论这些结果为准确评估该物种的内部辐射暴露提供了宝贵的资源。

{"title":"Construction of voxel-based Portunus haanii phantom and its absorbed fractions and specific absorbed fractions calculation based on Monte Carlo simulations","authors":"Yaqin Zhang , Chunhui Gong , Chang Guo , Peng Wang , Wenjun Wang , Pengtao Cao , Qiang Li , Yi Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.radmp.2023.06.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radmp.2023.06.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To build the database of the absorbed fractions (AFs) and specific absorbed fractions (SAFs), in order to accurately assess the internal radiation dose in non-human biota.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A voxel-based <em>Portunus haanii</em> phantom was established based on the computed tomography (CT) images. A set of AFs and SAFs were calculated with Monte Carlo toolkit Geant4 for the emission of monoenergetic photons and electrons with energies ranging from 10 keV to 5 MeV.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The mass of the voxel-based <em>Portunus haanii</em> phantom (392.2 g) was in agreement with the actual mass (389.2 g), indicating the reliability of the phantom. The calculated AFs and SAFs, based on the voxel-based <em>Portunus haanii</em> phantom, provided precise and reliable data for conducting internal radiation dose calculations specifically tailored to the Chinese Red Swimming Crab (<em>Portunus haanii</em>). The results indicated that the self-AFs and self-SAFs were affected by both the radiation energy and the mass of the source/target organ. Moreover, the AFs and SAFs for cross irradiation, were not only dependent on the energy and the mass of the target organ, but also on the relative position of the source and target organs.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>These results serve as a valuable resource for accurately evaluating the internal radiation exposure of this species.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34051,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Medicine and Protection","volume":"4 3","pages":"Pages 159-164"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49729658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Nomogram for predicting the overall survival of patients after D2/R0 resection and chemoradiotherapy for stage III gastric cancer or gastroesophageal junction cancer 预测III期胃癌或胃食管结癌D2/R0切除和放化疗后患者总生存率的Nomogram

Q1 Health Professions

Radiation Medicine and Protection

Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.radmp.2023.07.002

Jinming Shi , Wenzhe Kang , Songlin Gao , Wenyang Liu , Yuan Tang , Ning Li , Qiang Zeng , Huiying Ma , Haoyue Li , Yantao Tian , Jing Jin

Objective

To explore the independent factors associated with the overall survival (OS) after D2/R0 resection and adjuvant chemoradiotherapy(CRT) for stage III gastric cancer (GC) and gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) cancer, and establish and validate a nomogram model to predict the OS in this patient population.

Methods

A total of 569 stage III GC or GEJ cancer patients who underwent D2/R0 resection and adjuvant CRT at our center from January 2013 to May 2018 were retrospectively enrolled in this study. The patients were randomly divided into training and validation cohorts in a 3:1 ratio. In the training cohort, univariate and multivariate analysis were conducted to identify clinical factors associated with OS, and a nomogram model was established on the basis of the independent factors. The concordance index (C-index) and the calibration curve were used to validate the prediction power of the nomogram.

Results

Overall, 427 and 142 patients were enrolled in the training and validation cohorts, respectively. In the univariate and multivariate analyses, age, Lauren's classification, TNM stage, and administration of adjuvant CRT were independent factors for OS to construct the nomogram. The C-index values were 0.654 and 0.613 in the training and validation cohorts, respectively. The calibration curves were identical to the actual OS. Risk stratification based on the nomogram model showed good risk stratification for OS in both groups.

Conclusion

Our study included adjuvant CRT as a predictive factor and established a nomogram model for predicting the OS in patients with stage III GC or GEJ after D2/R0 resection and adjuvant therapy. This nomogram could facilitate more individualized prediction of OS in clinical practice.

目的探讨影响III期胃癌(GC)和胃食管结(GEJ)癌D2/R0切除和辅助放化疗(CRT)后总生存期(OS)的独立因素，建立并验证预测该患者群体OS的nomogram模型。方法回顾性分析2013年1月至2018年5月在我中心行D2/R0切除术和辅助CRT的III期GC或GEJ癌患者569例。患者按3:1的比例随机分为训练组和验证组。在培训队列中，进行单因素和多因素分析，找出与OS相关的临床因素，并在独立因素的基础上建立nomogram模型。采用一致性指数(C-index)和校准曲线来验证nomogram预测能力。结果培训组和验证组分别有427例和142例患者入组。在单因素和多因素分析中，年龄、Lauren分型、TNM分期和辅助CRT的使用是OS构建nomogram的独立因素。训练组和验证组的c指数分别为0.654和0.613。标定曲线与实际OS一致。基于nomogram模型的风险分层显示两组OS的风险分层良好。结论我们的研究将辅助CRT作为预测因素，并建立了预测D2/R0切除和辅助治疗后III期GC或GEJ患者OS的nomogram模型。在临床实践中，该nomogram可以促进对OS的更个性化的预测。

{"title":"Nomogram for predicting the overall survival of patients after D2/R0 resection and chemoradiotherapy for stage III gastric cancer or gastroesophageal junction cancer","authors":"Jinming Shi , Wenzhe Kang , Songlin Gao , Wenyang Liu , Yuan Tang , Ning Li , Qiang Zeng , Huiying Ma , Haoyue Li , Yantao Tian , Jing Jin","doi":"10.1016/j.radmp.2023.07.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.radmp.2023.07.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To explore the independent factors associated with the overall survival (OS) after D2/R0 resection and adjuvant chemoradiotherapy(CRT) for stage III gastric cancer (GC) and gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) cancer, and establish and validate a nomogram model to predict the OS in this patient population.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A total of 569 stage III GC or GEJ cancer patients who underwent D2/R0 resection and adjuvant CRT at our center from January 2013 to May 2018 were retrospectively enrolled in this study. The patients were randomly divided into training and validation cohorts in a 3:1 ratio. In the training cohort, univariate and multivariate analysis were conducted to identify clinical factors associated with OS, and a nomogram model was established on the basis of the independent factors. The concordance index (C-index) and the calibration curve were used to validate the prediction power of the nomogram.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Overall, 427 and 142 patients were enrolled in the training and validation cohorts, respectively. In the univariate and multivariate analyses, age, Lauren's classification, TNM stage, and administration of adjuvant CRT were independent factors for OS to construct the nomogram. The C-index values were 0.654 and 0.613 in the training and validation cohorts, respectively. The calibration curves were identical to the actual OS. Risk stratification based on the nomogram model showed good risk stratification for OS in both groups.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Our study included adjuvant CRT as a predictive factor and established a nomogram model for predicting the OS in patients with stage III GC or GEJ after D2/R0 resection and adjuvant therapy. This nomogram could facilitate more individualized prediction of OS in clinical practice.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34051,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Medicine and Protection","volume":"4 3","pages":"Pages 130-135"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49255080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Investigation on the radioactivity levels of seawater, sediments, and biota in Daya Bay, China 中国大亚湾海水、沉积物和生物群的放射性水平调查

Q1 Health Professions

Radiation Medicine and Protection

Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.radmp.2023.07.004

Fan Cui , Honghui Huang , Yi Shen , Zhan Tan , Pengxiang Qu , Ming Dai , Hongwei Yu , Weixu Huang , Zixiang Wu , Huifeng Chen , Weizhen Guo , Yuxin Jia , Yanbing Liu

Objective

To investigate the radioactivity levels of seawater, sediments, and biota in the Daya Bay sea area, China, in order to establish the radioactivity baseline values, and provide basic data for the assessment of potential radiological risks that might result from the application of nuclear technology or human activities.

Methods

Samples of seawater, sediments, and biota were collected from the Daya Bay sea area and analyzed. Their radioactivity baseline data were then compared with information from other regions in China and around the world reported in related literature.

Results

For the seawater samples, the activity concentrations of natural radionuclide ⁴⁰K were 9.9–10.4 Bq/L, while ²³⁸U, ²²⁶Ra, ²¹⁰Pb, ¹³⁷Cs, and ¹¹⁰Ag^m were below the minimum detectable activity (MDA). Regarding the sediment samples, the activity concentrations of ²³⁸U, ²²⁸Ra, ²²⁶Ra, ²¹⁰Pb, ⁴⁰K, and ¹³⁷Cs were 38.1–40.4, 49.1−53.7, 32.6−38.6, 59−95, 590−650, and 0.48–0.88 Bq/(kg dry weight), respectively, while ¹¹⁰Ag^m was below the MDA. For the marine shrimps in the biota samples, the activity concentrations of ²²⁸Ra, ²²⁶Ra, ⁴⁰K, and ¹³⁷Cs were 1.14–2.75, 0.17−0.43, 63–76, and 0.038–0.045 Bq/(kg wet weight), respectively, while ²³⁸U, ²¹⁰Pb, and ¹¹⁰Ag^m were all below the MDA. Furthermore, for the marine fishes in the biota samples, the activity concentrations of ²²⁸Ra, ²²⁶Ra, ²¹⁰Pb, ⁴⁰K, and ¹³⁷Cs were 2.1–19.7, 0.32–3.78, <2.2–2.8, 59–70, and <0.007–0.026 Bq/(kg wet weight), respectively, while ²³⁸U and ¹¹⁰Ag^m were all below the MDA. ²²⁸Ra was found to be concentrated in Osteomugil ophuyseni with 19.7 Bq/(kg wet weight).

Conclusions

The radioactivity levels of seawater and marine sediments in the Daya Bay sea area are within the range of the normal background values. Osteomugil ophuyseni exhibited higher concentrations of ²²⁸Ra than other species in this study, while the other species in the biota show no significant difference in the radioactivity levels from data in relevant literature.

目的调查中国大亚湾海域海水、沉积物和生物群落的放射性水平，建立放射性基线值，为核技术应用或人类活动可能造成的潜在辐射风险评估提供基础数据。方法在大亚湾海域采集海水、沉积物和生物区系，并进行分析。然后将他们的放射性基线数据与中国其他地区和世界各地相关文献报道的信息进行比较。结果天然核素40K活性浓度为9.9 ~ 10.4 Bq/L, 238U、226Ra、210Pb、137Cs、110Agm活性浓度均低于最低检测活性(MDA)。沉积物样品中238U、228Ra、226Ra、210Pb、40K和137Cs的活度浓度分别为38.1 ~ 40.4、49.1 ~ 53.7、32.6 ~ 38.6、59 ~ 95、590 ~ 650和0.48 ~ 0.88 Bq/(kg干重)，而110Agm低于MDA。生物群样品中海洋对虾的228Ra、226Ra、40K和137Cs活性浓度分别为1.14 ~ 2.75、0.17 ~ 0.43、63 ~ 76和0.038 ~ 0.045 Bq/(kg湿重)，238U、210Pb和110Agm活性浓度均低于MDA。此外，对于生物群样品中的海洋鱼类，228Ra、226Ra、210Pb、40K和137Cs的活性浓度分别为2.1 ~ 19.7、0.32 ~ 3.78、2.2 ~ 2.8、59 ~ 70和0.007 ~ 0.026 Bq/(kg湿重)，而238U和110Agm均低于MDA。在蛇骨鼠中发现ra的浓度为19.7 Bq/(kg湿重)。结论大亚湾海域海水及海洋沉积物放射性水平在正常背景值范围内。在本研究中，骨线虫的228Ra浓度高于其他物种，而其他物种的放射性水平在相关文献数据中没有显著差异。

{"title":"Investigation on the radioactivity levels of seawater, sediments, and biota in Daya Bay, China","authors":"Fan Cui , Honghui Huang , Yi Shen , Zhan Tan , Pengxiang Qu , Ming Dai , Hongwei Yu , Weixu Huang , Zixiang Wu , Huifeng Chen , Weizhen Guo , Yuxin Jia , Yanbing Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.radmp.2023.07.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.radmp.2023.07.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To investigate the radioactivity levels of seawater, sediments, and biota in the Daya Bay sea area, China, in order to establish the radioactivity baseline values, and provide basic data for the assessment of potential radiological risks that might result from the application of nuclear technology or human activities.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Samples of seawater, sediments, and biota were collected from the Daya Bay sea area and analyzed. Their radioactivity baseline data were then compared with information from other regions in China and around the world reported in related literature.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>For the seawater samples, the activity concentrations of natural radionuclide <sup>40</sup>K were 9.9–10.4 Bq/L, while <sup>238</sup>U, <sup>226</sup>Ra, <sup>210</sup>Pb, <sup>137</sup>Cs, and <sup>110</sup>Ag<sup>m</sup> were below the minimum detectable activity (MDA). Regarding the sediment samples, the activity concentrations of <sup>238</sup>U, <sup>228</sup>Ra, <sup>226</sup>Ra, <sup>210</sup>Pb, <sup>40</sup>K, and <sup>137</sup>Cs were 38.1–40.4, 49.1−53.7, 32.6−38.6, 59−95, 590−650, and 0.48–0.88 Bq/(kg dry weight), respectively, while <sup>110</sup>Ag<sup>m</sup> was below the MDA. For the marine shrimps in the biota samples, the activity concentrations of <sup>228</sup>Ra, <sup>226</sup>Ra, <sup>40</sup>K, and <sup>137</sup>Cs were 1.14–2.75, 0.17−0.43, 63–76, and 0.038–0.045 Bq/(kg wet weight), respectively, while <sup>238</sup>U, <sup>210</sup>Pb, and <sup>110</sup>Ag<sup>m</sup> were all below the MDA. Furthermore, for the marine fishes in the biota samples, the activity concentrations of <sup>228</sup>Ra, <sup>226</sup>Ra, <sup>210</sup>Pb, <sup>40</sup>K, and <sup>137</sup>Cs were 2.1–19.7, 0.32–3.78, <2.2–2.8, 59–70, and <0.007–0.026 Bq/(kg wet weight), respectively, while <sup>238</sup>U and <sup>110</sup>Ag<sup>m</sup> were all below the MDA. <sup>228</sup>Ra was found to be concentrated in <em>Osteomugil ophuyseni</em> with 19.7 Bq/(kg wet weight).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The radioactivity levels of seawater and marine sediments in the Daya Bay sea area are within the range of the normal background values. <em>Osteomugil ophuyseni</em> exhibited higher concentrations of <sup>228</sup>Ra than other species in this study, while the other species in the biota show no significant difference in the radioactivity levels from data in relevant literature.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34051,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Medicine and Protection","volume":"4 3","pages":"Pages 165-169"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49222176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Clinical evaluation of 4D dynamic dose for thoracic tumor stereotactic body radiation therapy with variable parameters 可变参数胸腔肿瘤立体定向放射治疗4D动态剂量的临床评价

Q1 Health Professions

Radiation Medicine and Protection

Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.radmp.2023.07.003

Yiling Zeng , Yu Chang , Sheng Zhang , Jun Han , Hongyuan Liu , Feng Xiao , Bo Pang , Bin Hu , Junping Cheng , Hong Quan , Zhiyong Yang

Objective

To evaluate the dose uncertainty in stereotactic body radiation therapy induced by respiratory motion using a 4D dynamic dose (4DDD) reconstruction method.

Methods

A retrospective analysis was conducted on five lung cancer patients who received static intensity-modulated radiation therapy. The 4DDD was constructed using beam delivery log files, four-dimensional computed tomography (4DCT) scans, and treatment plans. To evaluate the impact of respiratory motion, 4DDD calculations were performed with 10 starting phases for each field. A total of 270 field doses were simulated and calculated. The differences between the cumulative volume histogram in whole-course treatment and the field doses' gamma passing rate (GPR) were compared. The correlations between plan complexity metrics and the dose deviation caused by respiratory motion were evaluated independently. The phase distributions of 398 subfields were calculated and evaluated for the influence of dose rate and breathing frequency.

Results

The GPRs of all fields were different among various starting phases, with the highest range from 62.20% to 76.87% for 2 mm/3% GPR. The deviation of mean point dose was (5.42 ± 5.21) %, and the deviation in the mean dose and $D_{98 %}$ within the internal gross tumor volume were (0.97 ± 0.71) % and (0.77 ± 0.53) %, respectively. There was a significant correlation between the beam aperture-to-volume (BA2V) ratio and the average 2 mm/2% GPR (R = 0.601, P < 0.01). Lower dose rates led to a more homogeneous distribution of phases among subfields (t = 44.100, P < 0.001).

Conclusions

Different beam starting phases had a limited impact on the overall treatment evaluation. However, the respiratory motion could be observed to induce dose deviations using the 4DDD reconstruction model, particularly for fields with small BA2V.

目的应用四维动态剂量重建方法评价呼吸运动诱导立体定向放射治疗的剂量不确定性。方法对5例接受静态调强放疗的肺癌患者进行回顾性分析。4DDD是使用光束传输日志文件、四维计算机断层扫描(4DCT)扫描和治疗计划构建的。为了评估呼吸运动的影响，进行4DDD计算，每个领域有10个开始阶段。模拟和计算了270个现场剂量。比较全疗程累积体积直方图与野剂量γ通过率(GPR)的差异。计划复杂度指标与呼吸运动引起的剂量偏差之间的相关性独立评估。计算了398个子场的相位分布，并对剂量率和呼吸频率的影响进行了评价。结果不同起始阶段各场的GPR值不同，2 mm/3% GPR值最高，为62.20% ~ 76.87%;平均点剂量偏差为(5.42±5.21)%，平均剂量和D98%在肿瘤内部总体积内的偏差分别为(0.97±0.71)%和(0.77±0.53)%。光束孔径体积比(BA2V)与平均2 mm/2% GPR之间存在显著相关性(R = 0.601, P <0.01)。较低的剂量率导致子场间相分布更为均匀(t = 44.100, P <0.001)。结论不同光束起始阶段对整体治疗评价的影响有限。然而，使用4DDD重建模型可以观察到呼吸运动诱导剂量偏差，特别是对于BA2V较小的场。

{"title":"Clinical evaluation of 4D dynamic dose for thoracic tumor stereotactic body radiation therapy with variable parameters","authors":"Yiling Zeng , Yu Chang , Sheng Zhang , Jun Han , Hongyuan Liu , Feng Xiao , Bo Pang , Bin Hu , Junping Cheng , Hong Quan , Zhiyong Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.radmp.2023.07.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.radmp.2023.07.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To evaluate the dose uncertainty in stereotactic body radiation therapy induced by respiratory motion using a 4D dynamic dose (4DDD) reconstruction method.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A retrospective analysis was conducted on five lung cancer patients who received static intensity-modulated radiation therapy. The 4DDD was constructed using beam delivery log files, four-dimensional computed tomography (4DCT) scans, and treatment plans. To evaluate the impact of respiratory motion, 4DDD calculations were performed with 10 starting phases for each field. A total of 270 field doses were simulated and calculated. The differences between the cumulative volume histogram in whole-course treatment and the field doses' gamma passing rate (GPR) were compared. The correlations between plan complexity metrics and the dose deviation caused by respiratory motion were evaluated independently. The phase distributions of 398 subfields were calculated and evaluated for the influence of dose rate and breathing frequency.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The GPRs of all fields were different among various starting phases, with the highest range from 62.20% to 76.87% for 2 mm/3% GPR. The deviation of mean point dose was (5.42 ± 5.21) %, and the deviation in the mean dose and <span><math><mrow><msub><mi>D</mi><mrow><mn>98</mn><mo>%</mo></mrow></msub></mrow></math></span> within the internal gross tumor volume were (0.97 ± 0.71) % and (0.77 ± 0.53) %, respectively. There was a significant correlation between the beam aperture-to-volume (BA2V) ratio and the average 2 mm/2% GPR (<em>R =</em> 0.601, <em>P</em> < 0.01). Lower dose rates led to a more homogeneous distribution of phases among subfields (<em>t</em> = 44.100, <em>P</em> < 0.001).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Different beam starting phases had a limited impact on the overall treatment evaluation. However, the respiratory motion could be observed to induce dose deviations using the 4DDD reconstruction model, particularly for fields with small BA2V.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34051,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Medicine and Protection","volume":"4 3","pages":"Pages 150-158"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47689090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0