Despite significant advances in interaction techniques and novel display applications, the majority of digital signage installations display advertisements, notices or other static content in a traditional slideshow format. Such installations offer obvious benefits for the screen owner/maintainer by allowing easy creation of content in traditional office tools, lightweight scheduling, and a predictable viewing model. However, for potential viewers, there is little benefit in terms of ease of navigation, or interactivity, contributing to the well-known problem of display blindness. In this paper, we experiment with two potential smartphone-based approaches to add interactivity to slideshow content for public displays. We trial the approaches in the context of a University signage system and use mixed-methods to gain insight into the possible benefits of each approach.
{"title":"SlideTalk","authors":"Jake Patterson, S. Clinch","doi":"10.1145/3205873.3205883","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3205873.3205883","url":null,"abstract":"Despite significant advances in interaction techniques and novel display applications, the majority of digital signage installations display advertisements, notices or other static content in a traditional slideshow format. Such installations offer obvious benefits for the screen owner/maintainer by allowing easy creation of content in traditional office tools, lightweight scheduling, and a predictable viewing model. However, for potential viewers, there is little benefit in terms of ease of navigation, or interactivity, contributing to the well-known problem of display blindness. In this paper, we experiment with two potential smartphone-based approaches to add interactivity to slideshow content for public displays. We trial the approaches in the context of a University signage system and use mixed-methods to gain insight into the possible benefits of each approach.","PeriodicalId":340580,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 7th ACM International Symposium on Pervasive Displays","volume":"108 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122423060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vanessa Cobus, Bastian Ehrhardt, Susanne CJ Boll, Wilko Heuten
An essential task of care takers in an intensive care unit (ICU) is the continuous monitoring of vital body functions. To indicate that an important vital signal is above or below a certain threshold, multiple monitoring devices and measured parameters cause a large number of different urgent alarms. About 350 acoustic alarms per patient are issued per day which may result in alarm-fatigue, a desensitization for alarms. This critical condition causes a delayed or inadequate response time to alarms which in turn can have severe consequences not only for the patients, but finally also for the care takers as second victims in case of critical incidents. In cooperation with healthcare professionals, we designed a new alarm distribution system and alarm display that reduces the acoustic noise while not compromising alarm delivery to the care takers on the ICU. Each class of alarm ranging from technical alarms to critical red alarms it attributed with an adequate sensory channel ranging from on-body visual cues and vibration patterns to acoustic alarms. We developed a body-worn pervasive device by which former acoustic alarms are now presented by tactile stimuli on the upper arm of a care taker. We evaluated the perception time and error rate under task conditions that mimic the concrete demand of care tasks such as adjusting medication or bedding a patient. We evaluated the perception, learnability, distinguishability and perceived urgency for different vibration patterns. Our results show that the upper arm is a promising position to alert nurses with vibrations and our patterns conveyed different levels of urgency.
{"title":"Vibrotactile Alarm Display for Critical Care","authors":"Vanessa Cobus, Bastian Ehrhardt, Susanne CJ Boll, Wilko Heuten","doi":"10.1145/3205873.3205886","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3205873.3205886","url":null,"abstract":"An essential task of care takers in an intensive care unit (ICU) is the continuous monitoring of vital body functions. To indicate that an important vital signal is above or below a certain threshold, multiple monitoring devices and measured parameters cause a large number of different urgent alarms. About 350 acoustic alarms per patient are issued per day which may result in alarm-fatigue, a desensitization for alarms. This critical condition causes a delayed or inadequate response time to alarms which in turn can have severe consequences not only for the patients, but finally also for the care takers as second victims in case of critical incidents. In cooperation with healthcare professionals, we designed a new alarm distribution system and alarm display that reduces the acoustic noise while not compromising alarm delivery to the care takers on the ICU. Each class of alarm ranging from technical alarms to critical red alarms it attributed with an adequate sensory channel ranging from on-body visual cues and vibration patterns to acoustic alarms. We developed a body-worn pervasive device by which former acoustic alarms are now presented by tactile stimuli on the upper arm of a care taker. We evaluated the perception time and error rate under task conditions that mimic the concrete demand of care tasks such as adjusting medication or bedding a patient. We evaluated the perception, learnability, distinguishability and perceived urgency for different vibration patterns. Our results show that the upper arm is a promising position to alert nurses with vibrations and our patterns conveyed different levels of urgency.","PeriodicalId":340580,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 7th ACM International Symposium on Pervasive Displays","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124024497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this paper, we propose a user interface that allows multiple users to obtain information interactively and perform simultaneous operation on a public display. Users can interact with the display using hand gestures, which enables many users to easily and remotely use the system. A window pops up when a user selects an item on the screen, and information about the item is displayed in the window. In order for each user to effectively use the screen and also not to be interfered with by other users, the system dynamically optimizes the position and size of each window. We created a map guidance application to confirm the effectiveness of the proposed user interface.
{"title":"A Multi-user Interactive Public Display with Dynamic Layout Optimization","authors":"Yoshio Matsuda, T. Komuro","doi":"10.1145/3205873.3210712","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3205873.3210712","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we propose a user interface that allows multiple users to obtain information interactively and perform simultaneous operation on a public display. Users can interact with the display using hand gestures, which enables many users to easily and remotely use the system. A window pops up when a user selects an item on the screen, and information about the item is displayed in the window. In order for each user to effectively use the screen and also not to be interfered with by other users, the system dynamically optimizes the position and size of each window. We created a map guidance application to confirm the effectiveness of the proposed user interface.","PeriodicalId":340580,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 7th ACM International Symposium on Pervasive Displays","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115025247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this work, we reflect on the use of LED message sign displays as an enabling technology for multipurpose, dynamic and open display networks for urban environments. We argue that the specific affordances of message signs may provide the ground for the emergence of a new type of digital and locative outdoor media with the capability to serve relevant and unserved purposes of urban communication. Our main goal is to provide an analytical perspective into the opportunities and challenges of this approach, and characterize the distinctive features that may define the uniqueness of this medium within the broader ecology of urban displays. To address this set of challenges, we explore different perspectives and research approaches, including photo and market surveys, interviews and prototyping. The results provide new insights about this medium, which are organised around 5 different themes: technical architecture, urban integration, direction, media and interaction.
{"title":"Exploring networked message signs as a new medium for urban communication","authors":"R. Jose, A. Pinheiro, Helena Rodrigues","doi":"10.1145/3205873.3205884","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3205873.3205884","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, we reflect on the use of LED message sign displays as an enabling technology for multipurpose, dynamic and open display networks for urban environments. We argue that the specific affordances of message signs may provide the ground for the emergence of a new type of digital and locative outdoor media with the capability to serve relevant and unserved purposes of urban communication. Our main goal is to provide an analytical perspective into the opportunities and challenges of this approach, and characterize the distinctive features that may define the uniqueness of this medium within the broader ecology of urban displays. To address this set of challenges, we explore different perspectives and research approaches, including photo and market surveys, interviews and prototyping. The results provide new insights about this medium, which are organised around 5 different themes: technical architecture, urban integration, direction, media and interaction.","PeriodicalId":340580,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 7th ACM International Symposium on Pervasive Displays","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117182173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Recent advances in Virtual and Augmented Reality technology enable a variety of new applications (e.g., multi-player games in real environments). However, current devices suffer from having small fields of view, making the process of locating spatially distributed digital content similar to looking through a keyhole. In this work, we present EyeSeeX as a technique for visualizing out-of-view objects with head-mounted devices. EyeSeeX improves upon our previously developed technique EyeSee360 for small field-of-view (FOV) devices. To do so, EyeSeeX proposes two strategies: (1) reducing the visualized field and (2) compressing the presented information. Further, EyeSeeX supports video and optical see-through Augmented Reality, Mixed Reality, and Virtual Reality devices.
{"title":"EyeSeeX","authors":"Uwe Gruenefeld, Dana Hsiao, Wilko Heuten","doi":"10.1145/3205873.3210706","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3205873.3210706","url":null,"abstract":"Recent advances in Virtual and Augmented Reality technology enable a variety of new applications (e.g., multi-player games in real environments). However, current devices suffer from having small fields of view, making the process of locating spatially distributed digital content similar to looking through a keyhole. In this work, we present EyeSeeX as a technique for visualizing out-of-view objects with head-mounted devices. EyeSeeX improves upon our previously developed technique EyeSee360 for small field-of-view (FOV) devices. To do so, EyeSeeX proposes two strategies: (1) reducing the visualized field and (2) compressing the presented information. Further, EyeSeeX supports video and optical see-through Augmented Reality, Mixed Reality, and Virtual Reality devices.","PeriodicalId":340580,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 7th ACM International Symposium on Pervasive Displays","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115923012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Public displays have invaded urban spaces, and different types of interactive screens are commonplace. In this poster paper, we describe an unconventional solution to construct an interactive display in an urban environment, projecting on a wall of snow. We demonstrated an interactive installation, where passersby could interact with a playful mirror application using gestures. The demonstrated installation projected on a snow wall offers an inspiring and aesthetic alternative screen set-up, which can also be used as part of the environmental and architectural landscape design for winter contexts.
{"title":"Snow Wall as an Interactive Display in Urban Environment","authors":"Antti-Jussi Yliharju, Taro Mori, Jonna Häkkilä","doi":"10.1145/3205873.3210701","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3205873.3210701","url":null,"abstract":"Public displays have invaded urban spaces, and different types of interactive screens are commonplace. In this poster paper, we describe an unconventional solution to construct an interactive display in an urban environment, projecting on a wall of snow. We demonstrated an interactive installation, where passersby could interact with a playful mirror application using gestures. The demonstrated installation projected on a snow wall offers an inspiring and aesthetic alternative screen set-up, which can also be used as part of the environmental and architectural landscape design for winter contexts.","PeriodicalId":340580,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 7th ACM International Symposium on Pervasive Displays","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122639339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Interactive public displays pose several research issues, which include display blindness and interaction blindness. In this paper, we shortly introduce our idea of a sound-based system to overcome the display blindness, and some experiments that we are carrying out in order to test its effectiveness.
{"title":"Ecological Invitation to Engage with Public Displays","authors":"S. Sorce, V. Gentile, D. Rocchesso","doi":"10.1145/3205873.3210704","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3205873.3210704","url":null,"abstract":"Interactive public displays pose several research issues, which include display blindness and interaction blindness. In this paper, we shortly introduce our idea of a sound-based system to overcome the display blindness, and some experiments that we are carrying out in order to test its effectiveness.","PeriodicalId":340580,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 7th ACM International Symposium on Pervasive Displays","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116446183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Uwe Gruenefeld, Daniel Lange, Lasse Hammer, Susanne CJ Boll, Wilko Heuten
Augmented Reality (AR) devices empower users to enrich their surroundings by pinning digital content onto real world objects. However, current AR devices suffer from having small fields of view, making the process of locating spatially distributed digital content similar to looking through a keyhole. Previous solutions are not suitable to address the problem of locating digital content out of view on small field of view devices because of visual clutter. Therefore, we developed FlyingARrow, which consists of a visual representation that flies on-demand from the user's line of sight toward the position of the out-of-view object and returns an acoustic signal over headphones if reached. We compared our technique with the out-of-view object visualization technique EyeSee360 and found that it resulted in higher usability and lower workload. However, FlyingARrow performed slightly worse with respect to search time and direction error. Furthermore, we discuss the challenges, and opportunities in combining visual and acoustic representations to overcome visual clutter.
{"title":"FlyingARrow","authors":"Uwe Gruenefeld, Daniel Lange, Lasse Hammer, Susanne CJ Boll, Wilko Heuten","doi":"10.1145/3205873.3205881","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3205873.3205881","url":null,"abstract":"Augmented Reality (AR) devices empower users to enrich their surroundings by pinning digital content onto real world objects. However, current AR devices suffer from having small fields of view, making the process of locating spatially distributed digital content similar to looking through a keyhole. Previous solutions are not suitable to address the problem of locating digital content out of view on small field of view devices because of visual clutter. Therefore, we developed FlyingARrow, which consists of a visual representation that flies on-demand from the user's line of sight toward the position of the out-of-view object and returns an acoustic signal over headphones if reached. We compared our technique with the out-of-view object visualization technique EyeSee360 and found that it resulted in higher usability and lower workload. However, FlyingARrow performed slightly worse with respect to search time and direction error. Furthermore, we discuss the challenges, and opportunities in combining visual and acoustic representations to overcome visual clutter.","PeriodicalId":340580,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 7th ACM International Symposium on Pervasive Displays","volume":"457 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124329540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Everyday lives become increasingly reliant to digitally enhanced artifacts. Users expect that devices are easy to use. For technologies deployed in public spaces and for shared devices adaptation to the user is a key to achieve this. In this paper, we introduce the concept of proficiency-aware systems, that can dynamically adapt to the users' skills and expertise. Proficiency-aware systems have means to detect the users' proficiency relevant to the task and can adapt the user interface and the content accordingly. Such adaptation can be done locally and does not require to know the user, hence preserving the privacy while providing a customized user experience. Besides the definition, we elaborate on the idea by outlining a framework, describe requirements, and point to examples of proficiency-aware systems. The research challenge is in ubiquitous sensing techniques to infer users' proficiencies and to provide appropriate adaptations. We envision that for computing systems in public spaces this idea can lead to new interaction paradigms.
{"title":"Proficiency-Aware Systems: Adapting to the User's Skills and Expertise","authors":"Jakob Karolus, A. Schmidt","doi":"10.1145/3205873.3210708","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3205873.3210708","url":null,"abstract":"Everyday lives become increasingly reliant to digitally enhanced artifacts. Users expect that devices are easy to use. For technologies deployed in public spaces and for shared devices adaptation to the user is a key to achieve this. In this paper, we introduce the concept of proficiency-aware systems, that can dynamically adapt to the users' skills and expertise. Proficiency-aware systems have means to detect the users' proficiency relevant to the task and can adapt the user interface and the content accordingly. Such adaptation can be done locally and does not require to know the user, hence preserving the privacy while providing a customized user experience. Besides the definition, we elaborate on the idea by outlining a framework, describe requirements, and point to examples of proficiency-aware systems. The research challenge is in ubiquitous sensing techniques to infer users' proficiencies and to provide appropriate adaptations. We envision that for computing systems in public spaces this idea can lead to new interaction paradigms.","PeriodicalId":340580,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 7th ACM International Symposium on Pervasive Displays","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128980416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Large touch displays have long been studied in the lab, and are beginning to see widespread deployment in public spaces. However, a common limitation is fatigue -- often called 'gorilla arm' -- that prevents users from working with large displays for extended periods of time. A first step towards addressing fatigue is quantifying it, and while methods have been developed to quantify users' fatigue in mid-air interactions, there remains little understanding of fatigue on touch-based interfaces. To address this gap, we evaluated the accuracy of Jang et al.'s mid-air Cumulative Fatigue model for touch interaction tasks on a large display. We found that their model underestimates subjective fatigue for multi-touch interaction, but can provide accurate estimates through fine-tuning of model parameters. We discuss the implications of this finding, and the need to further develop tools to evaluate fatigue on large, multi-touch displays.
{"title":"Applying the Cumulative Fatigue Model to Interaction on Large, Multi-Touch Displays","authors":"Zhe Liu, Daniel Vogel, James R. Wallace","doi":"10.1145/3205873.3205890","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3205873.3205890","url":null,"abstract":"Large touch displays have long been studied in the lab, and are beginning to see widespread deployment in public spaces. However, a common limitation is fatigue -- often called 'gorilla arm' -- that prevents users from working with large displays for extended periods of time. A first step towards addressing fatigue is quantifying it, and while methods have been developed to quantify users' fatigue in mid-air interactions, there remains little understanding of fatigue on touch-based interfaces. To address this gap, we evaluated the accuracy of Jang et al.'s mid-air Cumulative Fatigue model for touch interaction tasks on a large display. We found that their model underestimates subjective fatigue for multi-touch interaction, but can provide accurate estimates through fine-tuning of model parameters. We discuss the implications of this finding, and the need to further develop tools to evaluate fatigue on large, multi-touch displays.","PeriodicalId":340580,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 7th ACM International Symposium on Pervasive Displays","volume":"87 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114163143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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