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From Pluralism to Multiculturalism: Challenges in Indonesia 从多元主义到多元文化主义:印尼的挑战
Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.4108/EAI.4-11-2020.2308923
HeddyShri Putra
. It is argued in this paper that Indonesian society is no longer a plural society in the sense that Furnivall defined in 1950s. Using Blum’s definition of multiculturalism, the author says that Indonesian society is not yet a multicultural society either, although its national motto is “unity in diversity”. Some facts are given for this. It is proposed that to improve the process of creating a multicultural society, certain strategies need to be employed in some fields, such as: education; promotion; and social media.
. 本文认为印尼社会不再是Furnivall在1950年代所定义的多元社会。作者引用Blum对多元文化主义的定义说,印度尼西亚社会也不是一个多元文化社会,尽管它的国家格言是“多样性中的统一”。对此给出了一些事实。本文提出,为了促进多元文化社会的建设,需要在以下几个方面采取一定的策略:教育;推广;还有社交媒体。
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引用次数: 1
The Meaning of Puji Saji in Sura Offerings at Selametan Sumber Banyu or Tirta Amerta Ritual at Sumberawan Toyomarto Singosari Temple, Malang
Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.4108/EAI.4-11-2020.2308907
Millatuz Zakiyah, Eti Setiawati, Ahmad Rohman
This study discusses the meaning of puji saji in Sura offerings at the Tirta Amerta at Candi Sumberawan Toyomarto Singosari Malang. Puji saji is a mandatory offering that is served in this ritual. This study uses an anthropological linguistic approach that utilizes semiotic theory and an emic-ethic approach. The data obtained from the caretaker of Candi Sumberawan and cultural experts in Singosari were then analyzed using the Lyons triangle of meaning. The results showed that there were fifteen puji saji that could be calcified based on the form: crops, food, beverages, fragrances, spices, and equipment. The whole meaning of the puji saji in Sura offerings is that in life, humans must be able to be in harmony with themselves, fellow humans, nature, ancestors, and remember God. In order to unify all these things, humans must tolerance, determination, a noble mind and character. The strategy for naming and eating the offerings is based on three things, namely (1) sign, an acronym of the concept or philosophical meaning to be achieved, (2) the significatum representing the concept or philosophical meaning to be achieved, and (3) the concept or philosophical meaning to be achieved in accordance with the function of the sign.
本研究探讨在甘迪苏伯拉旺Toyomarto singgosari Malang的Tirta Amerta的经书供品中puji saji的意义。普济萨吉是在这个仪式中提供的强制性供品。本研究采用人类学语言学方法,运用符号学理论和符号学伦理方法。从Candi Sumberawan的看守人和Singosari的文化专家那里获得的数据然后使用里昂意义三角进行分析。结果表明,从形态上看,可钙化的普吉沙吉有15种:农作物、食品、饮料、香料、香料和设备。《古兰经》供品中的普吉萨吉的全部含义是,在生活中,人类必须能够与自己、同胞、自然、祖先和谐相处,并记住上帝。为了统一这一切,人类必须有宽容、决心、高尚的心灵和品格。命名和食用供品的策略基于三件事,即(1)符号,要实现的概念或哲学意义的缩写;(2)代表要实现的概念或哲学意义的意义;(3)根据符号的功能要实现的概念或哲学意义。
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引用次数: 0
Continuity and Change in the Midst of Ecological and Livelihood Transformation in Tengger East Java 腾格里东爪哇生态与生计转型中的延续与变迁
Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.4108/EAI.4-11-2020.2308895
Manggala Ismanto, N. Kumoro, H. Kadir, I. Martias
. The uplanders of Tengger around the Bromo Mountains and Semeru in East Java reflect the image of a traditional and isolated peasant community. This research argues that uplanders like the Tengger people are open to the outside world, especially in the economic sector where they are highly responsive to agricultural commodities, following the movement of the existing market. Accordingly, this study wants to probe how the relationship between the livelihoods of the agrarian sector and tourism in Tengger has undergone. Our studies have shown that Tengger can diversify agricultural activities into a non-farming economy, in our case is the tourism. Moreover, population growth and land-hungry monoculture farming also have contributed to ecological crisis problems. This research aims to contribute and provide a new understanding of the Tengger community in today's situation, as well as increase the socio-cultural study of highland communities in Indonesia.
. 腾格里山脉周围的高地和东爪哇的塞默鲁反映了一个传统和孤立的农民社区的形象。这项研究认为,像腾格里人这样的高地人对外开放,特别是在经济领域,他们对农产品的反应高度敏感,随着现有市场的变化。因此,本研究想要探讨腾格里农业部门的生计与旅游业之间的关系是如何经历的。我们的研究表明,腾格里可以使农业活动多样化,成为一个非农业经济,在我们的例子中是旅游业。此外,人口增长和土地匮乏的单一耕作也造成了生态危机问题。本研究旨在提供对腾格里社区在当今情况下的新认识,并增加对印度尼西亚高地社区的社会文化研究。
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引用次数: 0
Occupation of Public Space in Socioeconomic Mobility 社会经济流动中的公共空间占有
Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.4108/EAI.4-11-2020.2308919
Sigit Prawoto, Efrizal Efrizal
The research aimed to examine the symbolic representation in the forms of pictures and writings on the tailgates. These images and writings have been observed and interpreted semiotically, for which is a science whose main domain is the interpretation of symbols. This research found that these images have some impacts on society, considering that the existence of the trucks that have various pictures and writings passes every day on the streets. The findings show that the freedom of expression in public space is guaranteed by law, especially in the terms of freedom of expression on the road. The truck drivers express this freedom on the vehicles they drive and paying attention to several restrictions, such as not posting pictures containing pornographic and provocative elements, not installing pictures on the right and left mirrors, and not posting pictures that can block the driver's view. The pictures and writings installed on the tailgate are a form of individual expression of the driver and the vehicle owner as well, as a technique to publicize their identity. It is important to show the identity to inform the public of their characteristics, economic activities, and position in society.
本研究旨在探讨车尾板上图案和文字的符号表现形式。这些图像和文字被符号学地观察和解释,因为符号学是一门主要领域是符号解释的科学。这个研究发现,这些图像对社会有一定的影响,考虑到街头每天都有各种图片和文字的卡车的存在。调查结果表明,公共空间的言论自由受到法律的保障,尤其是在道路上的言论自由。卡车司机在他们驾驶的车辆上表达这种自由,并注意一些限制,例如不张贴含有色情和挑衅性元素的图片,不在左右后视镜上安装图片,不张贴可以挡住司机视线的图片。安装在后挡板上的图片和文字是司机和车主的一种个人表达形式,是一种宣传他们身份的技术。通过展示身份,让公众了解他们的特点、经济活动和社会地位是很重要的。
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引用次数: 0
Disability is Diversity: A Multiculturalism Perspectives on Disability Inclusion in Higher Education 残疾即多样性:高等教育残障包容的多元文化视角
Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.4108/EAI.4-11-2020.2308922
N. Nurjannah, A. Lintangsari, U. W. Rahajeng, Ucca Arawindha
. Debatable benefit of the emergent hegemonies view of disability as part of cultural diversity has increasingly discussed. This view has positively replaced the old schools (medical model, charity model and so forth) from seeing disability as impairment and oppression to seeing disability as one of cultural range (which is technically termed as cultural sub-variant or micro-cultural group). Of this premise, this paper seeks the potential of disability inclusion in higher education from cultural perspective. The objective of this research is to measure the index of inclusion in Indonesia higher education that focus on cultural dimension. Adopting index for inclusion by Tony Booth, this research invited 219 respondents consist of lecturers, staffs, students with and without disability from 12 universities in Indonesia to share their perspective in responding the disability inclusion in higher education. Descriptive statistics was applied to elicit the pattern of the data, the findings were elaborated through the multiculturalism perspectives. Issues, challenges and opportunity was expounded to address the cultural perspectives of university community in welcoming disability as part of cultural diversity.
。新兴霸权将残疾视为文化多样性的一部分,这一观点所带来的有争议的好处已被越来越多地讨论。这种观点积极地取代了将残疾视为损害和压迫的旧学派(医学模式、慈善模式等),将残疾视为一种文化范围(技术上称为文化亚变体或微文化群体)。在此前提下,本文从文化视角探讨高等教育残障包容的潜力。本研究的目的是衡量印尼高等教育的包容性指数,重点是文化维度。本研究采用Tony Booth的包容性指数,邀请了来自印尼12所大学的219名教师、教职员工、残疾和非残疾学生,分享他们对高等教育中残疾包容性的看法。运用描述性统计方法引出数据的模式,并从多元文化的角度对研究结果进行阐述。问题,挑战和机遇的阐述,以解决文化视角的大学社区欢迎残疾作为文化多样性的一部分。
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引用次数: 1
Tirta Amerta Sari: Syukuran and Slametan for Holy Water
Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.4108/EAI.4-11-2020.2308921
N. Fauzi, Jamila Wijayanti, M. Abadi
. The purpose of this study was to describe Tirta Amerta Sari ritual. Tirta Amerta Sari ritual is held by the Sumberawan community as a form of gratitude as well as praying together with the local community (slametan) . This form of gratitude is carried out on the basis of the abundance of water from water sources by bringing the produce to the area (outside) of the temple which ends with a meal together. Meanwhile, the slametan is carried out with the mythological tracing ritual of Tirta Amerta Sari which was fought over by the gods and giants. The ritual is divided into three parts, namely community service, istighosah and sending prayers, and is closed with a procession of Tirta Amerta Sari . As the findings sum, it is interesting to research it in the spirit of multiculturalism while preserving the tradition.
。本研究的目的是描述Tirta Amerta Sari仪式。Tirta Amerta Sari仪式是由Sumberawan社区举行的,作为一种感恩和与当地社区一起祈祷的形式(slametan)。这种形式的感恩是在水源丰富的基础上进行的,将农产品带到寺庙的区域(外面),最后一起吃饭。与此同时,slametan以神话般的Tirta Amerta Sari追踪仪式进行,这是众神和巨人争夺的。仪式分为三个部分,即社区服务,istighosah和发送祈祷,并以Tirta Amerta Sari游行结束。综上所述,在保留传统的同时,以多元文化的精神来研究它是很有趣的。
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引用次数: 0
Local Youth Organization Empowerment to Develop Sustainable Cultural Tourism in Bugbug Traditional Village, Karangasem Regency, Bali 峇里岛Karangasem县Bugbug传统村当地青年组织赋权发展可持续文化旅游
Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.4108/EAI.4-11-2020.2304539
Roels Sri Puspa Dewi, Ariqa Sugiarti, P. Wardani, I. Kurniawati, Hardiman Hardiman
Bugbug Traditional Village is one of the old villages in Bali that has unique and sacred ceremonies and traditions. This tradition is one of the attractions for tourists to learn about the culture and see the beauty of this village. The preservation of the culture in Bugbug Traditional Village is inseparable from the role of the young generation embodied in a youth organization called Sekaa Teruna Teruni Dharma Bhakti. This study aims to analyze the empowerment’s form of local youth organization and its role to preserve the local culture. Data collected by in-depth interviews with Chairman of Sekaa Teruna Teruni Dharma Bhakti and participation observatory with focus group discussion. Data analyzed by interactive models such as data collection, data reduction, presentation of results, and concluding. The result of this study indicated Sekaa Teruna Teruni Dharma Bhakti has an important role to preserve the cultural traditions that exist in the Bugbug Traditional Village. It also becomes a component of the implementation of cultural customs properly. In addition, the empowerment’s form of local youth organization can be seen from their participation as opening and closing traditional ceremonies through sacred dances, playing traditional music, and participating in guiding tourists to provide information about traditional ceremonies.
Bugbug传统村是巴厘岛古老的村庄之一,拥有独特而神圣的仪式和传统。这个传统是吸引游客了解这个村庄的文化和美丽的景点之一。Bugbug传统村的文化保存离不开年轻一代的作用,这体现在一个名为Sekaa Teruna Teruni Dharma Bhakti的青年组织中。本研究旨在分析地方青年组织的赋权形式及其在保护地方文化中的作用。数据是通过对Sekaa Teruna Teruni Dharma Bhakti主席的深入访谈和参与观察站的焦点小组讨论收集的。通过交互式模型分析数据,如数据收集、数据简化、结果呈现和结论。本研究结果表明,Sekaa Teruna Teruni Dharma Bhakti对于保存Bugbug传统村落的文化传统具有重要作用。它也成为正确执行文化习俗的一个组成部分。此外,当地青年组织的赋权形式可以从他们的参与中看出,通过神圣的舞蹈,演奏传统音乐,参与引导游客提供传统仪式的信息,从而开启和结束传统仪式。
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引用次数: 0
Dealing with Cross Cultural Conflict represented in French Migrant Cinema- a Film Study to Mauvaise Foi 处理法国移民电影中的跨文化冲突——《莫瓦兹·福伊》电影研究
Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.4108/EAI.4-11-2020.2308893
S. Khotimah, I. Savitri
. The aim of this study is to uncover the causes and the strategies to resolve cross cultural conflict depicted in a film by Maghreb filmmaker Roschidy Zem's (2006) 'Mauvaise foi'. This film portrays the cross-cultural conflict between the extended family of a young couple with different cultural and religious backgrounds, Clara and Ismael. This study uses a qualitative method to describe the causes of cross-cultural conflict, namely ethnocentrism, stereotypes and misinterpretation as proposed by Pujiyanti and Zuliani [1], as well as the use of the four strategies of competition, accommodation, avoidance and collaboration proposed by Miall [2] to resolve conflicts between cultures. As result of the analysis, it is concluded that the cause of the cross-cultural conflicts in the film includes 3 elements that have been mentioned above. Following the conflicts, the disputing parties also try to make various strategies to resolve conflicts between individuals with different cultural and religious backgrounds and to create reconciliations. Competition strategy have failed to resolve the conflict, avoidance and accommodation strategy have succeeded in reducing the conflict, and collaboration strategy has succeeded in ending the cross-cultural conflicts peacefully.
. 本研究的目的是揭示马格里布电影制作人Roschidy Zem(2006)的电影中描述的跨文化冲突的原因和解决策略。“Mauvaise信息自由”。这部电影描绘了一对有着不同文化和宗教背景的年轻夫妇克拉拉和伊斯梅尔的大家庭之间的跨文化冲突。本研究采用定性的方法描述了跨文化冲突的成因,即Pujiyanti和Zuliani[1]提出的种族中心主义、刻板印象和误解,并运用Miall[2]提出的竞争、迁就、回避和合作四种策略来解决文化间的冲突。通过分析,可以得出电影中跨文化冲突的原因包括上述三个因素。冲突发生后,纠纷双方也试图制定各种策略来解决不同文化和宗教背景的个体之间的冲突,创造和解。竞争策略未能解决冲突,回避和迁就策略成功地减少了冲突,合作策略成功地和平结束了跨文化冲突。
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引用次数: 0
Making Sense and Making Self through a Pandemic: Religious Responses 在流行病中寻找意义和自我:宗教反应
Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.4108/EAI.4-11-2020.2308905
Robert K. Rizzo
. This paper investigates the challenges that the spread of the Covid-19 crisis has posed on the everyday practice of established religions and the responses that have been formulated therein. As a privileged site for the inquiry into notions of multinaturalism, religion has long been regarded as the domain par excellence in which ontological claims are made explicit and embodied, while at the same time articulating hunches about “ultimate things”. By scanning through several ethnographic examples from different religious fields, I re-cast religious experience in the spotlight of the manner in which many communities understand and cope with a sanitary and social form of distress and how it relates to dynamics of both inclusivity and exclusivity in the wider society.
. 本文调查了Covid-19危机的传播对既定宗教的日常实践构成的挑战以及其中制定的应对措施。作为探究多自然主义概念的优越场所,宗教长期以来一直被视为一个卓越的领域,在这个领域中,本体论的主张是明确和具体化的,同时也表达了对“终极事物”的预感。通过浏览来自不同宗教领域的几个民族志例子,我在许多社区理解和应对卫生和社会形式的痛苦的方式的聚光灯下重新塑造了宗教经验,以及它如何与更广泛社会中包容性和排他性的动态联系起来。
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引用次数: 0
Pros and Cons of Robot, Artificial Intelligence, and Service Automation (RAISA) Technologies to be Adopted and Implemented in Service Industries 机器人、人工智能和服务自动化(RAISA)技术在服务业中应用的利弊
Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.4108/EAI.3-10-2020.2306597
F. Saputra, E. Hadi, Ilsya Hayadi
. This paper sheds light on the role of RAISA in every aspect of delivery in service industries. Like every technology, RAISA has its advantages and disadvantages compared to human employees. This paper contributes to the body of knowledge by elaborating on the nature of service work and how RAISA can substitute humans in each type of job – their operations, human resources, supply chain, marketing, finance, and facilities design. Finally, this paper also gives a contribution to how workers can and should shift their skills to achieve a win-win between humans and machines.
. 本文阐明了RAISA在服务行业交付的各个方面的作用。和每一项技术一样,与人类员工相比,RAISA有其优点和缺点。本文通过详细阐述服务工作的本质,以及RAISA如何在每一种类型的工作中取代人类——它们的运营、人力资源、供应链、营销、财务和设施设计,为知识体系做出了贡献。最后,本文还对工人如何能够并且应该转换技能以实现人与机器之间的双赢做出了贡献。
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引用次数: 0
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Volga Region Farmland
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