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Ameliorative effect of walnut oil against cognitive impairment in alzheimers type dementia in rodent 核桃油对啮齿动物阿尔茨海默型痴呆认知功能障碍的改善作用
Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ocsci.2024.09.003
Congcong Ma , Li Zhang , Lei Wang , Qingde Huang , Qianchun Deng , Fenghong Huang , Jiqu Xu
Walnut oil (WO), known for abundant polyunsaturated fatty acids and an array of bioactive substances such as tocopherols, phytosterols, squalene, melatonin, and polyphenols, which is endowed with numerous health advantages. The primary objective of this research was to ascertain the impact of WO on cognitive deficits in learning and memory impairment mice caused by scopolamine (SCOP). The Morris water maze and the step-down avoidance test were utilized to assess the memory and learning capabilities. WO notably counteracted the detrimental effects of SCOP on learning and memory in the Morris water maze, as indicated by a reduction in escape latency and swimming distance. Likewise, WO administration led to a notably reduced number of errors in training trial and an increased latency in testing trial when compared to the SCOP group in the step-down avoidance test,. Moreover, WO activated the cholinergic system of the brain by upregulating choline acetyltransferase activity and reducing acetylcholinesterase activity. These results suggest that WO has the potential to protect against memory decline in mice, offering a promising strategy for the prevention of memory-related disorders.
核桃油(WO)以丰富的多不饱和脂肪酸和一系列生物活性物质(如生育酚、植物甾醇、角鲨烯、褪黑激素和多酚)而闻名,具有众多健康优势。本研究的主要目的是确定 WO 对东莨菪碱(SCOP)导致的学习和记忆障碍小鼠认知缺陷的影响。研究采用了莫里斯水迷宫和降阶回避测试来评估小鼠的记忆和学习能力。在莫里斯水迷宫中,WO明显抵消了SCOP对学习和记忆的不利影响,这表现在逃逸潜伏期和游泳距离的缩短上。同样,在降阶回避测试中,与 SCOP 组相比,施用 WO 可显著减少训练试验中的错误次数,增加测试试验中的潜伏期。此外,WO 还能通过上调胆碱乙酰转移酶活性和降低乙酰胆碱酯酶活性来激活大脑的胆碱能系统。这些结果表明,WO 具有防止小鼠记忆力衰退的潜力,为预防记忆相关疾病提供了一种很有前景的策略。
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引用次数: 0
Structural variations in oil crops: Types, and roles on domestication and breeding 油料作物的结构变化:类型以及对驯化和育种的作用
Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ocsci.2024.09.002
Xiaobo Cui, Miao Yao, Meili Xie, Ming Hu, Shengyi Liu, Lijiang Liu, Chaobo Tong
Structural variations (SVs), a newly discovered genetic variation, have gained increasing recognition for their importance, yet much about them remains unknown. With the completion of whole-genome sequencing projects in oil crops, more SVs have been identified, revealing their types, genomic distribution, and characteristics. These findings have demonstrated the crucial roles of SVs in regulating gene expression, driving trait innovation, facilitating domestication, making this an opportune time for a systematic review. We summarized the progress of SV-related studies in oil crops, focusing on the types of SVs and their mechanisms of occurrence, the strategies and methods for SV detection, and the SVs identified in oil crops such as rapeseed, soybean, peanut, and sesame. The various types of SVs, such as presence-absence variations (PAVs), copy number variations (CNVs), and homeologous exchanges (HEs), have been shown. Along with their genomic characterization, their roles in crop domestication and breeding, and regulatory impact on gene expression and agronomic traits have also been demonstrated. This review will provide an overview of the SV research process in oil crops, enabling researchers to quickly understand key information and apply this knowledge in future studies and crop breeding.
结构变异(SVs)是一种新发现的遗传变异,其重要性日益得到认可,但人们对其仍有很多不了解之处。随着油料作物全基因组测序项目的完成,更多的 SVs 被鉴定出来,揭示了它们的类型、基因组分布和特征。这些发现证明了 SVs 在调控基因表达、推动性状创新和促进驯化方面的关键作用,因此现在是进行系统综述的大好时机。我们总结了油料作物 SV 相关研究的进展,重点介绍了 SV 的类型及其发生机制、SV 的检测策略和方法,以及在油菜籽、大豆、花生和芝麻等油料作物中发现的 SV。研究显示了各种类型的 SVs,如存在-不存在变异(PAVs)、拷贝数变异(CNVs)和同源交换(HEs)。除了它们的基因组特征,它们在作物驯化和育种中的作用以及对基因表达和农艺性状的调控影响也已得到证实。本综述将概述油料作物 SV 的研究过程,使研究人员能够快速了解关键信息,并在未来的研究和作物育种中应用这些知识。
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引用次数: 0
New insights into the combined effects of geographical origin, cultivar and crop season on the physicochemical characteristics of Moroccan olive oils produced in northern Morocco. A comparative study 地理来源、栽培品种和作物季节对摩洛哥北部生产的摩洛哥橄榄油理化特性的综合影响的新见解。比较研究
Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ocsci.2024.11.001
Noura Issaoui , Inmaculada Olivares , Amar Habsaoui , Mohamed Ebn Touhami , Adil Khtira , El Hassan Sakar , Sebastián Sánchez
The Tangier-Tetouan-Al Hoceima (TTA) region is one of the main olive oil producing regions in Morocco. Little is devoted to characterize olive oil physicochemical traits from TTA hence the originality of this study. This aimed at investigating variation in olive oil quality produced from three Moroccan cultivars ‘Moroccan Picholine’, ‘Menara’, and ‘Haouzia’ and their blends. Sampling was performed in five provinces fromTTA (Northern Morocco) during four consecutive crop-seasons (2018–2021) considering three extraction technologies (ET): traditional discontinuous press system (SP) and continuous extraction systems including decanter of three outlets (3O) and decanter of two outlets (2O). Physicochemical measurements consisted of routinely quality parameters namely free acidity (FA), peroxide value (PV), UV absorption parameters (K232, K270, and ΔK), chlorophylls (Chl) and carotenoids (Car) contents, total phenolic compounds (TPC) and oxidative stability (OS). Crop season showed its superiority impacts on K232, OS, TPC, Chl, and OS. While cultivar was the main variability source in both PV and K270, and FA was mainly determined by ET. Important variations (p ​< ​0.05) were reported among crop seasons and locations due to pedoclimatic differences. ‘Menara’ and ‘Haouzia’ had higher pigments content, TPC, and OS, and the blends displayed low pigments concentration, TPC, and OS. Expectedly, continuous ET (2O and 3O) had the greatest values of pigments content, TPC, and OS as revealed by principal component analysis. Strong correlations were highlighted among basic quality parameters, TPC, pigments, and OS. Simple linear regression was used to describe the relationships between OS and TPC (R2 ​= ​0.856) and OS regressed against Chl (R2 ​= ​0.690) and Car (R2 ​= ​0.760), while TPC were regressed on Chl (R2 ​= ​0.670) and Car (R2 ​= ​0.680) and finally Chl against Car (R2 ​= ​0.931). In conclusion, compared to technological, genotypic, and geographic effects, climatic conditions were the main factor driving olive oil stability and associated phenolics and pigments; oil cultivar blend seems to have negative effects on pigments concentration and total phenolic compounds as well as oxidative stability.
丹吉尔-特图安-胡塞马(TTA)地区是摩洛哥主要的橄榄油产区之一。对丹吉尔-特图安-胡塞马地区橄榄油理化特性的研究很少,因此本研究具有独创性。本研究旨在调查摩洛哥三个栽培品种 "Moroccan Picholine"、"Menara "和 "Haouzia "及其混合品种所产橄榄油质量的变化。在连续四个作物季(2018-2021 年)期间,在摩洛哥北部的五个省进行了采样,采用了三种萃取技术(ET):传统的非连续压榨系统(SP)和连续萃取系统,包括三出口滗水器(3O)和两出口滗水器(2O)。理化测量包括常规质量参数,即游离酸度(FA)、过氧化值(PV)、紫外线吸收参数(K232、K270 和 ΔK)、叶绿素(Chl)和类胡萝卜素(Car)含量、总酚化合物(TPC)和氧化稳定性(OS)。作物季节对 K232、OS、TPC、Chl 和 OS 的影响较优。栽培品种是 PV 和 K270 的主要变异来源,而 FA 则主要由蒸散发决定。不同作物季节和地点之间存在着重要的差异(p < 0.05),这是由气候差异造成的。Menara'和'Haouzia'的色素含量、TPC和OS都较高,而混合作物的色素浓度、TPC和OS都较低。主成分分析表明,连续性蒸腾作用(2O 和 3O)的色素含量、TPC 和 OS 值最高。基本质量参数、TPC、色素和 OS 之间的相关性很强。简单线性回归用于描述 OS 与 TPC(R2 = 0.856)和 OS 与 Chl(R2 = 0.690)和 Car(R2 = 0.760)之间的关系,而 TPC 与 Chl(R2 = 0.670)和 Car(R2 = 0.680)以及 Chl 与 Car(R2 = 0.931)之间的关系。总之,与技术、基因型和地理效应相比,气候条件是影响橄榄油稳定性及相关酚类和色素的主要因素;混合油栽培品种似乎对色素浓度和总酚类化合物以及氧化稳定性有负面影响。
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引用次数: 0
Comprehensive analysis and selection of high oleic peanut varieties in China: A study on agronomic, yield, and quality traits 中国高油酸花生品种的综合分析与筛选:农艺、产量和品质性状研究
Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ocsci.2024.09.001
Fangping Gong , Zhuo Li , Xiaojian Sun, Yi Fan, Yinghui Liu, Yurong Dang, Hao Li, Xingguo Zhang, Xingli Ma, Zhongfeng Li, Kai Zhao, Dongmei Yin
Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is an important oil crop. Oleic acid is a major factor that determines the quality of peanuts. Therefore, the high oleic and high oleic to linoleic acid ratio are the target traits in an advanced peanut breeding program. This study provided an extensive evaluation of the genetic and physical characteristics as well as disease resistance of 220 high oleic peanut varieties in China. Notably, these varieties clustered into five major categories based on their traits. A majority of these varieties have been bred using interspecific hybridization or selected from mutants of self-crossed parents, with the main parent varieties being Kaixuan 016 and CTWE. Analysis of disease resistance showed that most high oleic peanut varieties could resist two or three diseases. However, those varieties with resistance to multiple diseases were relatively scarce. Moreover, some high oleic peanut varieties showed no disease resistance or inadequate testing. The results further indicate that the genetic basis for high oleic peanut breeding is insufficient, highlighting the need for its further development. Importantly, our findings lay a critical foundation for future high oleic peanut breeding and promote better understanding of the genetic and trait diversity offered by these varieties.
花生(Arachis hypogaea L.)是一种重要的油料作物。油酸是决定花生品质的主要因素。因此,高油酸和高油酸亚油酸比是先进花生育种计划的目标性状。本研究对中国 220 个高油酸花生品种的遗传和物理特性以及抗病性进行了广泛评估。值得注意的是,这些品种根据其性状分为五大类。这些品种大多是通过种间杂交或从自交亲本的突变体中选育出来的,主要的亲本品种是开轩 016 和 CTWE。抗病性分析表明,大多数高油酸花生品种都能抵抗两种或三种病害。但是,抗多种病害的品种相对较少。此外,一些高油酸花生品种没有抗病性或抗病性测试不足。研究结果进一步表明,高油酸花生育种的遗传基础并不充分,需要进一步开发。重要的是,我们的研究结果为未来高油酸花生育种奠定了重要基础,并促进了对这些品种遗传和性状多样性的更好理解。
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引用次数: 0
Impact of deacidification processes on the quality and oxidative stability of walnut oil 脱酸工艺对核桃油质量和氧化稳定性的影响
Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ocsci.2024.10.001
Xuan Ma , Chongbo Huang , Chang Zheng , Fangyan Long , Mandi Zhao , Changsheng Liu
In order to select an appropriate deacidification process and improve the quality of walnut oil, low-temperature cold-pressed crude walnut oil was used as raw material. Deacidified walnut oil was prepared using three deacidification processes: chemical deacidification (CD), adsorption deacidification (AD), and molecular distillation deacidification (MDD). The physicochemical properties, nutritional components, and in vitro antioxidant activities of the resulting deacidified walnut oils were comparatively analyzed. The results indicate that the fatty acid content in walnut oil exhibits fluctuating changes during the three different deacidification processes. The MDD shows a higher deacidification rate, reaching 94.06%, which is superior to the other two methods. Additionally, the AD retains more total phenols and tocopherols, with retention rates of 95.79% and 74.62%, respectively; whereas MDD is more effective at retaining phytosterols, achieving a retention rate of 98.09%. All these methods displayed positive impacts on the in vitro antioxidant capacity and oil stability of walnut oil, with ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) content and oxidative stability time were significantly reduced.whencompared to the untreated crude oil Among them, AD had the greatest impact on oxidative stability index (OSI), with its decreasing from 2.06 ​h to 0.82 ​h. Overall, compared to CD or MDD, the AD has best application prospects in preserving nutritional components.
为了选择合适的脱酸工艺并提高核桃油的质量,采用了低温冷榨粗核桃油作为原料。采用三种脱酸工艺制备脱酸核桃油:化学脱酸(CD)、吸附脱酸(AD)和分子蒸馏脱酸(MDD)。对所得脱酸核桃油的理化性质、营养成分和体外抗氧化活性进行了比较分析。结果表明,在三种不同的脱酸过程中,核桃油中的脂肪酸含量呈现波动变化。MDD 的脱酸率较高,达到 94.06%,优于其他两种方法。此外,AD 能保留更多的总酚和生育酚,保留率分别为 95.79% 和 74.62%;而 MDD 能更有效地保留植物甾醇,保留率达到 98.09%。所有这些方法都对核桃油的体外抗氧化能力和油脂稳定性产生了积极影响,与未处理的粗油相比,铁还原抗氧化能力(FRAP)含量和氧化稳定性时间都显著降低。 其中,AD 对氧化稳定性指数(OSI)的影响最大,从 2.06 小时降至 0.82 小时。总之,与 CD 或 MDD 相比,AD 在保存营养成分方面的应用前景最好。
{"title":"Impact of deacidification processes on the quality and oxidative stability of walnut oil","authors":"Xuan Ma ,&nbsp;Chongbo Huang ,&nbsp;Chang Zheng ,&nbsp;Fangyan Long ,&nbsp;Mandi Zhao ,&nbsp;Changsheng Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.ocsci.2024.10.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ocsci.2024.10.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In order to select an appropriate deacidification process and improve the quality of walnut oil, low-temperature cold-pressed crude walnut oil was used as raw material. Deacidified walnut oil was prepared using three deacidification processes: chemical deacidification (CD), adsorption deacidification (AD), and molecular distillation deacidification (MDD). The physicochemical properties, nutritional components, and <em>in vitro</em> antioxidant activities of the resulting deacidified walnut oils were comparatively analyzed. The results indicate that the fatty acid content in walnut oil exhibits fluctuating changes during the three different deacidification processes. The MDD shows a higher deacidification rate, reaching 94.06%, which is superior to the other two methods. Additionally, the AD retains more total phenols and tocopherols, with retention rates of 95.79% and 74.62%, respectively; whereas MDD is more effective at retaining phytosterols, achieving a retention rate of 98.09%. All these methods displayed positive impacts on the <em>in vitro</em> antioxidant capacity and oil stability of walnut oil, with ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) content and oxidative stability time were significantly reduced.whencompared to the untreated crude oil Among them, AD had the greatest impact on oxidative stability index (OSI), with its decreasing from 2.06 ​h to 0.82 ​h. Overall, compared to CD or MDD, the AD has best application prospects in preserving nutritional components.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34095,"journal":{"name":"Oil Crop Science","volume":"9 4","pages":"Pages 247-254"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142705440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Rapid determination of oil content of single peanut seed by near-infrared hyperspectral imaging 利用近红外高光谱成像技术快速测定单粒花生种子的含油量
Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-09-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.ocsci.2024.05.002
Shunting Zhang , Xue Li , Du Wang , Li Yu , Fei Ma , Xuefang Wang , Mengxue Fang , Huiying Lyu , Liangxiao Zhang , Zhiyong Gong , Peiwu Li
Oil content is a crucial indicator for evaluating the quality of peanuts. A rapid and non-destructive method to determine oil content of individual peanut seed can provide robust technical support for breeding high-oil-content peanut varieties. In this study, we established a rapid determination method using near-infrared hyperspectral imaging and chemometrics to assess the oil content of single peanut seed. After selecting key wavelengths through competitive adaptive reweighted sampling (CARS), uninformative variable elimination (UVE), and random frog (RF), we constructed an oil content calibration model based on partial least squares regression for single peanut seed. Validation results demonstrated that the correlation coefficient was 0.8393 with a root mean square error of 1.7771 in the calibration set, while it was 0.7915 with a root mean square error of 2.2943 in the independent prediction set. Most samples exhibited relative errors below 5%, confirming the reliability of this model in predicting oil content of single peanut seed.
含油量是评价花生质量的一个重要指标。快速、无损地测定单粒花生种子含油量的方法可为培育高含油量花生品种提供有力的技术支持。在本研究中,我们建立了一种利用近红外高光谱成像和化学计量学评估单粒花生种子含油量的快速测定方法。通过竞争性自适应加权采样(CARS)、无信息变量剔除(UVE)和随机蛙法(RF)选择关键波长后,我们构建了基于偏最小二乘回归的单粒花生种子含油量校准模型。验证结果表明,校准集的相关系数为 0.8393,均方根误差为 1.7771;独立预测集的相关系数为 0.7915,均方根误差为 2.2943。大多数样本的相对误差低于 5%,这证实了该模型在预测单粒花生种子含油量方面的可靠性。
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引用次数: 0
Solvent-free synthesis of diacylglycerols via enzymatic glycerolysis between edible oils and glycerol catalyzed by self-made immobilized lipase PS@LXTE-1000 自制固定化脂肪酶 PS@LXTE-1000 催化食用油与甘油之间的酶促甘油分解,无溶剂合成二酰甘油
Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-09-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.ocsci.2024.05.003
Yuhao Li , Yi Zhang , Run Liu , Zhonghui Liu , Kheng-Lim Goh , Vladimir Zivkovic , Mingming Zheng
Diglycerol (DAG) is a structural lipid with the functions to lower body fat accumulation and decrease serum triglyceride level. However, the enzymatic synthesis of DAG is limited by the high-efficient and economic lipases. In this paper, the immobilized lipase PS@LXTE-1000 was self-made by immobilizing the Pseudomomas cepacian lipase on to the hydrophobic microporous resin LXTE-1000. The results indicate that LXTE-1000 was a uniform mesoporous sphere with the mean diameter of 400 ​μm, pore size of 14.6 ​nm, pore volume of 0.5 ​cm3/g and surface area of 126.0 ​m2/g, showing superior structural properties for lipase immobilization. Under the optimal reaction conditions with the molar ratio of rapeseed oil to glycerol being 1:1, adding amount of immobilized lipase being 4%, reaction at 50 ​°C, the highest DAG content of 46.7% was achieved in 3 ​h via enzymatic glycerolysis catalyzed by LXTE-1000. After 7 cycles of reuse, the self-made LXTE-1000 could still retain 78.3% of its initial catalytic ability. Besides, LXTE-1000 was observed to facilitate the DAG production via glycerolysis reaction between glycerol with other seven edible oils including corn oil, sesame oil, peony seed oil, rice bran oil, peanut oil, soybean oil and flaxseed oil. Specifically, the glycerolysis reaction with sesame oil, peony seed oil and rice bran oil even led to the DAG content of 52.1%, 53.3% and 51.2%, respectively, Hence, this paper provide a novel strategy to produce high-efficient and economic immobilized lipases, which shows great potential in the green synthesis of functional lipids such as DAG.
二甘油(DAG)是一种结构脂质,具有降低体内脂肪堆积和血清甘油三酯水平的功能。然而,酶法合成 DAG 受限于高效经济的脂肪酶。本文利用疏水性微孔树脂 LXTE-1000 自制了固定化脂肪酶 PS@LXTE-1000。结果表明,LXTE-1000 是一个均匀的介孔球体,平均直径为 400 μm,孔径为 14.6 nm,孔体积为 0.5 cm3/g,比表面积为 126.0 m2/g,显示出固定脂肪酶的优异结构特性。在菜籽油与甘油的摩尔比为 1:1、固定化脂肪酶的添加量为 4%、反应温度为 50 ℃的最佳反应条件下,LXTE-1000 催化的酶促甘油分解反应在 3 小时内达到了 46.7% 的最高 DAG 含量。自制的 LXTE-1000 在重复使用 7 次后,仍能保持 78.3% 的初始催化能力。此外,还观察到 LXTE-1000 可促进甘油与其他七种食用油(包括玉米油、芝麻油、牡丹籽油、米糠油、花生油、大豆油和亚麻籽油)发生甘油分解反应生成 DAG。因此,本文提供了一种生产高效、经济的固定化脂肪酶的新策略,在绿色合成 DAG 等功能脂类方面具有巨大潜力。
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引用次数: 0
Effects of adding flaxseed milk coproduct and okara on the quality and glycemic response of Chinese steamed bread 添加亚麻籽乳副产品和黄卡拉对中式馒头质量和血糖反应的影响
Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-09-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.ocsci.2024.06.007
Yan Tang , Yaqiong Pei , Jiahui Wang , Haichao He , Mingkai Sun , Yashu Chen , He Liu , Hu Tang , Qianchun Deng
Flaxseed milk coproduct (FMC) is a by-product of flaxseed milk. Okara is a by-product of processed soybean products. In this study, we investigated the quality of dough and Chinese steamed bread (CSB) with the addition of FMC and okara. We also examined the in vitro starch digestibility, expected glycemic index (eGI), starch crystallinity, and short-range order structure of CSB. The results showed that FMC and okara decreased the dough fluidity, formed a dense structure, and enhanced the mechanical properties of the dough. FMC and okara increased the hardness, gumminess, and chewiness of the CSB, while decreasing its cohesion and elasticity. The addition of FMC and okara improved the nutrient content of CSB and reduced the eGI from 75.86 to 51.56. FMC and okara altered the multiscale structure of starch, effectively shielding the amylase site of action, and limited the interaction between amylase and starch. This study provides a reference for the high-value utilization of oilseed processing by-products.
亚麻籽奶副产品(FMC)是亚麻籽奶的副产品。奥卡拉是大豆加工产品的副产品。在这项研究中,我们调查了添加 FMC 和黄卡拉的面团和中式馒头(CSB)的质量。我们还考察了体外淀粉消化率、预期血糖生成指数(eGI)、淀粉结晶度和中式馒头的短程有序结构。结果表明,FMC 和黄卡拉降低了面团的流动性,形成了致密结构,提高了面团的机械性能。FMC 和黄卡拉增加了 CSB 的硬度、胶质感和咀嚼感,同时降低了其内聚力和弹性。添加 FMC 和黄原胶提高了 CSB 的营养成分,使 eGI 从 75.86 降至 51.56。FMC 和黄卡拉改变了淀粉的多尺度结构,有效地屏蔽了淀粉酶的作用位点,限制了淀粉酶与淀粉之间的相互作用。这项研究为油籽加工副产品的高值化利用提供了参考。
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引用次数: 0
Use of oilseed crops biomass for heavy metal treatment in water 利用油料作物生物质处理水中的重金属
Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ocsci.2024.07.001
Carlos Peña-Guzmán , Ángela Otálvaro-Álvarez , Tatiana Jiménez-Ariza

The treatment of heavy metals in water is of high importance worldwide, and different treatment types have been developed. The use of plant material is becoming more and more important, and oilseed crops biomass have been investigated in terms of phytoremediation and biosorption processes. This article is a review of the literature reporting the applications in 10 different plants and evaluating the removal efficiencies for 12 metals, including the findings of 81 publications. Moringa olifera and Helianthus annuus are the most studied plants, whereas Cu (21.9%), Cd (18.5%), and Pb (19.9%) are the most studied metals. As a result, it was found that more than 90% of Pb, Cu, Cd, Fe, Zn, Ni, Cr, Sr and Mn showed removals in their experiments. At the same time, the variables most related to the efficiency of metal removal are pH, temperature, and contact time. This article includes a review of the biosorption isotherms used in the different studies.

处理水中的重金属在全球范围内都具有重要意义,并已开发出不同的处理类型。植物材料的使用正变得越来越重要,油籽作物生物质在植物修复和生物吸附过程方面也得到了研究。本文是一篇文献综述,报告了 10 种不同植物的应用情况,并评估了 12 种金属的去除效率,包括 81 篇出版物的研究结果。研究最多的植物是 Moringa olifera 和 Helianthus annuus,而研究最多的金属是铜(21.9%)、镉(18.5%)和铅(19.9%)。结果发现,90%以上的铅、铜、镉、铁、锌、镍、铬、锶和锰在其实验中被去除。同时,与金属去除效率关系最大的变量是 pH 值、温度和接触时间。本文回顾了不同研究中使用的生物吸附等温线。
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引用次数: 0
Sodium nitroprusside as a signal molecule for up-regulating membrane characteristics, antioxidant defense system to improve flax productivity under water stress 硝普钠作为一种信号分子,可上调膜特性和抗氧化防御系统,提高亚麻在水分胁迫下的产量
Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ocsci.2024.07.002
N.M. Al-Ashkar , B.A. Bakry , H.M.S. El-Bassiouny , M.M.S. Abdallah , M.S. Sadak

Water stress is a critical environmental adversity that significantly impacts the growth, development, and yield of flax plants. In this study, flax seeds were cultivated under different water irrigation requirements (WIR) (100%, 75%, and 50%) to investigate the effects of exogenously supplied nitric oxide (NO) donor sodium nitroprusside (SNP) as foliar treatments at concentrations of 0.0 ​mmol/L, 0.5 ​mmol/L, 1.0 ​mmol/L, and 2.0 ​mmol/L. Drought stress led to a significant decrease in plant growth, photosynthetic pigments, yield components such as oil and total carbohydrate percentage. It also resulted in an increase in leaf H2O2 production, lipid peroxidation levels and activities of enzymatic antioxidants including polyphenol oxidase, superoxide dismutase, and nitrate reductase enzymes. However, foliar application of SNP improved photosynthetic pigments and antioxidant defense system which mitigated the negative impact of water stress on growth and yield productivity by reducing oxidative damage caused by reactive oxygen species accumulation. The use of SNP also decreased H2O2 accumulation levels, lipid peroxidation levels, and improved membrane stability. SNP treatment at concentration of 2 ​mmol/L showed superior results compared to other concentrations with extremely significant increases observed in yield characteristics such as oil content, total carbohydrate percentages, and unsaturated fatty acids to saturated fatty acids ratio.

水胁迫是一种严重影响亚麻植物生长、发育和产量的关键环境逆境。在这项研究中,亚麻种子在不同的灌溉水要求(WIR)(100%、75% 和 50%)下进行栽培,研究外源一氧化氮(NO)供体硝普钠(SNP)作为叶面处理(浓度分别为 0.0 mmol/L、0.5 mmol/L、1.0 mmol/L 和 2.0 mmol/L)的影响。干旱胁迫导致植物生长、光合色素、产量成分(如油和总碳水化合物百分比)显著下降。干旱胁迫还导致叶片 H2O2 生成量、脂质过氧化水平和酶抗氧化剂(包括多酚氧化酶、超氧化物歧化酶和硝酸还原酶)活性增加。然而,叶面喷施 SNP 改善了光合色素和抗氧化防御系统,通过减少活性氧积累造成的氧化损伤,减轻了水分胁迫对生长和产量的负面影响。使用 SNP 还能降低 H2O2 积累水平和脂质过氧化水平,并提高膜的稳定性。与其他浓度相比,2 毫摩尔/升浓度的 SNP 处理效果更佳,在油脂含量、总碳水化合物百分比和不饱和脂肪酸与饱和脂肪酸比率等产量特征方面都有极其显著的提高。
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Oil Crop Science
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