Pub Date : 2024-03-01DOI: 10.1016/j.ocsci.2023.12.006
Ali Sahunie
Both rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) and marjoram (Origanum majorana) are abundant in phenolic compounds, exhibiting exceptional antioxidant activity. This study aims to assess the impact of rosemary and marjoram extracts on the stability of sunflower oil during storage and repeated heating. Sunflower oil supplemented with herbal extracts or butylated hydroxytoluene (BHA) at a concentration of 200 ppm was stored for six months under light and dark conditions at room temperature. Peroxide value (PV), p-anisidine value (An-V), and total oxidation (TOTOX) value were measured to monitor lipid oxidation progression. A significant difference (P < 0.05) was observed between light and dark storage for all studied samples regarding oxidation parameters. The ethanolic extract of rosemary exhibited higher antioxidant activity compared to BHA and other extracts. Furthermore, sunflower oil supplemented with the ethanolic extract of rosemary underwent weekly treatment at 100 °C for 30 min over four consecutive weeks. Although all oxidation indicators increased during repeated heating, the addition of rosemary and marjoram extracts as well as BHA significantly reduced these indicators. These findings demonstrate that both rosemary extracts and marjoram extracts can serve as natural antioxidants in edible oils.
{"title":"Effect of Rosmarinus officinalis and Origanum majorana extracts on stability of sunflower oil during storage and repeated heating","authors":"Ali Sahunie","doi":"10.1016/j.ocsci.2023.12.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocsci.2023.12.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Both rosemary (<em>Rosmarinus officinalis</em>) and marjoram (<em>Origanum majorana</em>) are abundant in phenolic compounds, exhibiting exceptional antioxidant activity. This study aims to assess the impact of rosemary and marjoram extracts on the stability of sunflower oil during storage and repeated heating. Sunflower oil supplemented with herbal extracts or butylated hydroxytoluene (BHA) at a concentration of 200 ppm was stored for six months under light and dark conditions at room temperature. Peroxide value (PV), <em>p</em>-anisidine value (An-V), and total oxidation (TOTOX) value were measured to monitor lipid oxidation progression. A significant difference (<em>P</em> < 0.05) was observed between light and dark storage for all studied samples regarding oxidation parameters. The ethanolic extract of rosemary exhibited higher antioxidant activity compared to BHA and other extracts. Furthermore, sunflower oil supplemented with the ethanolic extract of rosemary underwent weekly treatment at 100 °C for 30 min over four consecutive weeks. Although all oxidation indicators increased during repeated heating, the addition of rosemary and marjoram extracts as well as BHA significantly reduced these indicators. These findings demonstrate that both rosemary extracts and marjoram extracts can serve as natural antioxidants in edible oils.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34095,"journal":{"name":"Oil Crop Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2096242824000113/pdfft?md5=958f8f0e51d6c96d190a298a9e918db1&pid=1-s2.0-S2096242824000113-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140160779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The presence of acidic soil in rural areas poses difficulties for agricultural production. One factor regulating soil pH is the overuse of inorganic fertilizer. The increased use of fertilizers in soybean production not only raises sustainability concerns but also contributes to soil acidity. Therefore, the use of organic fertilizer could offer a solution for addressing both issues related to soil acidity and sustainability. The purpose of this study was to investigate the manipulation of soil pH using organic fertilizer for soybean production under acidic stress. The planting medium, consisting of a mixture of topsoil, rice husk charcoal, and organic fertilizer (in a ratio of 2:1:1), was supplemented with 0.5 g of NPK fertilizer as a basal treatment in each planting medium. To regulate the soil acidity to pH 4, we added FeSO4 and allowed the mixture to incubate for 30 days. The results demonstrate that the application of three types of organic fertilizers chicken manure (P1), oil palm empty bunch fertilizer (P2), and vermicompost (P3) positively impacts the growth of three soybean varieties. The findings indicate that the application of P2 organic fertilizer can increase vegetative growth almost 50% in soybeans on acidic soil, including plant height, leaf count, and root length. Meanwhile, applying P3 organic fertilizer can boost reproductive growth responses in soybeans on acidic soil, such as pod number (from around 0-4 unit to 42–51 unit), grain number (from around 0-5 unit to 88–90 unit), and grain weight (from around 0–0.37 g to 12–25 g). Organic fertilizer has the potential to regulate soil pH, promoting higher yields of soybeans under acidic stress.
{"title":"Application of organic fertilizer for improving soybean production under acidic stress","authors":"Putri Gita Lestari , Ayu Oshin Yap Sinaga , David Septian Sumanto Marpaung , Winati Nurhayu , Indah Oktaviani","doi":"10.1016/j.ocsci.2024.02.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocsci.2024.02.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The presence of acidic soil in rural areas poses difficulties for agricultural production. One factor regulating soil pH is the overuse of inorganic fertilizer. The increased use of fertilizers in soybean production not only raises sustainability concerns but also contributes to soil acidity. Therefore, the use of organic fertilizer could offer a solution for addressing both issues related to soil acidity and sustainability. The purpose of this study was to investigate the manipulation of soil pH using organic fertilizer for soybean production under acidic stress. The planting medium, consisting of a mixture of topsoil, rice husk charcoal, and organic fertilizer (in a ratio of 2:1:1), was supplemented with 0.5 g of NPK fertilizer as a basal treatment in each planting medium. To regulate the soil acidity to pH 4, we added FeSO<sub>4</sub> and allowed the mixture to incubate for 30 days. The results demonstrate that the application of three types of organic fertilizers chicken manure (P1), oil palm empty bunch fertilizer (P2), and vermicompost (P3) positively impacts the growth of three soybean varieties. The findings indicate that the application of P2 organic fertilizer can increase vegetative growth almost 50% in soybeans on acidic soil, including plant height, leaf count, and root length. Meanwhile, applying P3 organic fertilizer can boost reproductive growth responses in soybeans on acidic soil, such as pod number (from around 0-4 unit to 42–51 unit), grain number (from around 0-5 unit to 88–90 unit), and grain weight (from around 0–0.37 g to 12–25 g). Organic fertilizer has the potential to regulate soil pH, promoting higher yields of soybeans under acidic stress.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34095,"journal":{"name":"Oil Crop Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2096242824000125/pdfft?md5=1dc8101061362a8622ee1924845acce0&pid=1-s2.0-S2096242824000125-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140209486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-01DOI: 10.1016/j.ocsci.2023.12.004
Yini Yang , Linhai Wang , Yunhai Wang , Yuting An , Qi Zhou , Xia Xiang
The objective of this study was to determine the differences of aroma and taste in three black sesame originsbefore and after processing via flavor and widely metabolomics. By analyzing the sensory characteristics and metabolites of raw and treated black sesame from China, Vietnam, and Myanmar, treated Chinese sesame have the most significant change in hardness after thermal processing, low viscosity and was easy to chew. The electronic nose could distinguish between raw and treated sesame due to the aroma distribution. The reason of treated sesame from China was “fragrant” is due to the highest content (2545.50 μg/kg) of total pyrazines including 2,5-dimethylpyrazine, 2-ethyl-5-methylpyrazine, 2,3,5-trimethylpyrazine, 3-ethyl-2,5-dimethylpyrazine. 933 metabolites were detected via a wide targeted metabolomics in the taste of raw and treated sesame. Based on the analysis of metabolites related to bitterness, 145 substances were selected. The main bitter contributors may be amino acids, dipeptides and organic acids.
{"title":"Analysis of flavor and widely metabolomics differences in black sesame before and after processing","authors":"Yini Yang , Linhai Wang , Yunhai Wang , Yuting An , Qi Zhou , Xia Xiang","doi":"10.1016/j.ocsci.2023.12.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ocsci.2023.12.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The objective of this study was to determine the differences of aroma and taste in three black sesame originsbefore and after processing via flavor and widely metabolomics. By analyzing the sensory characteristics and metabolites of raw and treated black sesame from China, Vietnam, and Myanmar, treated Chinese sesame have the most significant change in hardness after thermal processing, low viscosity and was easy to chew. The electronic nose could distinguish between raw and treated sesame due to the aroma distribution. The reason of treated sesame from China was “fragrant” is due to the highest content (2545.50 μg/kg) of total pyrazines including 2,5-dimethylpyrazine, 2-ethyl-5-methylpyrazine, 2,3,5-trimethylpyrazine, 3-ethyl-2,5-dimethylpyrazine. 933 metabolites were detected via a wide targeted metabolomics in the taste of raw and treated sesame. Based on the analysis of metabolites related to bitterness, 145 substances were selected. The main bitter contributors may be amino acids, dipeptides and organic acids.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34095,"journal":{"name":"Oil Crop Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2096242824000083/pdfft?md5=7bf78fe80468b8efeeff3cc3e8963322&pid=1-s2.0-S2096242824000083-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139871940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-01DOI: 10.1016/j.ocsci.2023.12.005
We Si , Ruisheng Wang , Mingde Wu , Long Yang , Guoqing Li , Jing Zhang
Five stems of rapeseed with abundant black microsclerotia were collected from Huangyuan County of Qinghai Province, China, and fungal isolates were obtained from the stems. They were identified based on morphology, molecular features and specific PCR detection. The results showed that the 10 fungal isolates belonged to Verticillium longisporum lineage A1/D3. One of the 10 isolates (HW7-1) was tested for virulence on three species of rapeseed, including B. napus Zhongshuang 9, B. rapa Qingyou 9 and B. juncea Tayou 2 by conidia inoculation of HW7-1 on roots of young seedlings. Control seedlings were inoculated with V. dahliae conidia or water alone. The seedlings of these treatments were transplanted in culture mix and incubated in a growth chamber (20 °C). Results suggested that the control seedlings of three cultivars appeared quite healthy, while the seedlings inoculated with HW7-1 turned yellowing leaves, seedling stunting or even death after 22 days post-inoculation. V. longisporum was re-isolated from he yellow leaves, thus fulfilling Koch's postulates. Moreover, compared to the control treatments, inoculation with HW7-1 caused flowering delay and seed yield reduction on Tayou 2 with production of microsclerotia on the stems. To our knowledge, this is the first report of V. longisporum lineage A1/D3 on rapeseed in northwestern China.
{"title":"Identification and virulence test of a new pathogen that causes verticillium striping on rapeseed in northwestern China","authors":"We Si , Ruisheng Wang , Mingde Wu , Long Yang , Guoqing Li , Jing Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.ocsci.2023.12.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ocsci.2023.12.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Five stems of rapeseed with abundant black microsclerotia were collected from Huangyuan County of Qinghai Province, China, and fungal isolates were obtained from the stems. They were identified based on morphology, molecular features and specific PCR detection. The results showed that the 10 fungal isolates belonged to <em>Verticillium longisporum</em> lineage A1/D3. One of the 10 isolates (HW7-1) was tested for virulence on three species of rapeseed, including <em>B. napus</em> Zhongshuang 9, <em>B. rapa</em> Qingyou 9 and <em>B. juncea</em> Tayou 2 by conidia inoculation of HW7-1 on roots of young seedlings. Control seedlings were inoculated with <em>V. dahliae</em> conidia or water alone. The seedlings of these treatments were transplanted in culture mix and incubated in a growth chamber (20 °C). Results suggested that the control seedlings of three cultivars appeared quite healthy, while the seedlings inoculated with HW7-1 turned yellowing leaves, seedling stunting or even death after 22 days post-inoculation. <em>V. longisporum</em> was re-isolated from he yellow leaves, thus fulfilling Koch's postulates. Moreover, compared to the control treatments, inoculation with HW7-1 caused flowering delay and seed yield reduction on Tayou 2 with production of microsclerotia on the stems. To our knowledge, this is the first report of <em>V. longisporum</em> lineage A1/D3 on rapeseed in northwestern China.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34095,"journal":{"name":"Oil Crop Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2096242824000095/pdfft?md5=3829728decf33b18cf08b1854f3174df&pid=1-s2.0-S2096242824000095-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139966275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-16DOI: 10.1016/j.ocsci.2024.01.001
Haichao He , Mingkai Sun , Jiahui Wang , Yan Tang , Yashu Chen , Qianchun Deng , Qingde Huang , Hu Tang
The study explored the influence of defatted flaxseed gum powder (DFGP) on the stability and quality of sesame paste by measuring and analyzing its composition, color, texture, particle size, centrifugal oil separation rate, rheological properties, and microstructure. The results showed that the moisture and polysaccharide content of sesame paste was increased as the DFGP increased. Additionally, the hardness, adhesiveness, and chewiness of the sesame paste was improved, while the presence of particles with small particle size (1–100 μm) was decreased. The rate of oil precipitation was reduced by 28.99% when the amount of DFGP was 6%. The sesame paste samples exhibited pseudoplastic behavior, demonstrating shear thinning. As the shear rate increased, the apparent viscosity of sesame paste gradually decreased. Both the storage modulus (G′) and the loss modulus (G″) increased as the shear frequency increased. The microstructure observation revealed that protein and oil were evenly distributed in the sesame paste system, and the addition of DFGP enhanced the bonding between oil and protein. This study can provide valuable references for high-quality sesame paste products in the food industry.
{"title":"Effect of defatted flaxseed gum powder addition on the quality of sesame paste","authors":"Haichao He , Mingkai Sun , Jiahui Wang , Yan Tang , Yashu Chen , Qianchun Deng , Qingde Huang , Hu Tang","doi":"10.1016/j.ocsci.2024.01.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocsci.2024.01.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The study explored the influence of defatted flaxseed gum powder (DFGP) on the stability and quality of sesame paste by measuring and analyzing its composition, color, texture, particle size, centrifugal oil separation rate, rheological properties, and microstructure. The results showed that the moisture and polysaccharide content of sesame paste was increased as the DFGP increased. Additionally, the hardness, adhesiveness, and chewiness of the sesame paste was improved, while the presence of particles with small particle size (1–100 μm) was decreased. The rate of oil precipitation was reduced by 28.99% when the amount of DFGP was 6%. The sesame paste samples exhibited pseudoplastic behavior, demonstrating shear thinning. As the shear rate increased, the apparent viscosity of sesame paste gradually decreased. Both the storage modulus (G′) and the loss modulus (G″) increased as the shear frequency increased. The microstructure observation revealed that protein and oil were evenly distributed in the sesame paste system, and the addition of DFGP enhanced the bonding between oil and protein. This study can provide valuable references for high-quality sesame paste products in the food industry.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34095,"journal":{"name":"Oil Crop Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2096242824000101/pdfft?md5=666c2ac94842e0d75f915a8a2f0a9572&pid=1-s2.0-S2096242824000101-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139944939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-16DOI: 10.1080/01296612.2023.2268435
Pham Chien Thang, Ta Thi Nguyet Trang
AbstractThis study aimed to understand the impact of computer-mediated communication (CMC) tools on journalism in Vietnam by employing a quantitative-methods approach influenced by Social Presence Theory, Media Richness Theory, and Uses and Gratifications Theory. A quantitative survey was conducted with 335 journalists and other stakeholders in newsrooms. The results indicated that social presence significantly affects the adoption and efficacy of CMC tools in this unique cultural context. The study extended the Media Richness Theory by adding a cross-cultural dimension, and the Uses and Gratifications Theory sheds light on the motivations behind tool adoption. This research contributed to theory by adapting established frameworks to a new cultural environment and offers practical guidelines for media organizations in Vietnam undergoing digital transformation. Future research should explore interdisciplinary frameworks incorporating cultural, technological, and psychological factors.Keywords: Computer-mediated communication (CMC)journalismmedia richness theorysocial presence theorydigital transformation Authors’ contributionsIn this study, the first author developed the theoretical framework. The second author analyzed data. They contributed equally to data collection and the writing of this paper.Disclosure statementThere is no conflict of interest regarding the publication of this article. It has not been published anywhere. The authors assert that this manuscript is an original work, with the exception of appropriately cited sources. All the voluntary participants were treated with sincerity, honesty and respect. The researchers considered and followed national ethics policy.Data availability statementhttps://figshare.com/s/fb8a49aee0405e08bb08Additional informationNotes on contributorsPham Chien ThangPham Chien Thang received a Ph.D. from the University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Hanoi, Vietnam in 2019. From 2014 to present, he was a lecturer at the University of Sciences, Thai Nguyen University, Vietnam. In 2020, he became Head of the Department at the Faculty of Journalism and Communication, University of Sciences, Thai Nguyen University, Vietnam. His research interests include the applications of new technology in media, computer-mediated communication, journalism, and social media.Ta Thi Nguyet TrangTa Thi Nguyet Trang received a Ph.D. from the University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Hanoi, Vietnam in 2020. From 2018 to present, she has been a lecturer at the Department of Economics and Management, TNU-International School. Her research interests include marketing communication, new media, economics, and management.
{"title":"Beyond the newsroom: how computer-mediated communication is reshaping journalism in Vietnam","authors":"Pham Chien Thang, Ta Thi Nguyet Trang","doi":"10.1080/01296612.2023.2268435","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01296612.2023.2268435","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractThis study aimed to understand the impact of computer-mediated communication (CMC) tools on journalism in Vietnam by employing a quantitative-methods approach influenced by Social Presence Theory, Media Richness Theory, and Uses and Gratifications Theory. A quantitative survey was conducted with 335 journalists and other stakeholders in newsrooms. The results indicated that social presence significantly affects the adoption and efficacy of CMC tools in this unique cultural context. The study extended the Media Richness Theory by adding a cross-cultural dimension, and the Uses and Gratifications Theory sheds light on the motivations behind tool adoption. This research contributed to theory by adapting established frameworks to a new cultural environment and offers practical guidelines for media organizations in Vietnam undergoing digital transformation. Future research should explore interdisciplinary frameworks incorporating cultural, technological, and psychological factors.Keywords: Computer-mediated communication (CMC)journalismmedia richness theorysocial presence theorydigital transformation Authors’ contributionsIn this study, the first author developed the theoretical framework. The second author analyzed data. They contributed equally to data collection and the writing of this paper.Disclosure statementThere is no conflict of interest regarding the publication of this article. It has not been published anywhere. The authors assert that this manuscript is an original work, with the exception of appropriately cited sources. All the voluntary participants were treated with sincerity, honesty and respect. The researchers considered and followed national ethics policy.Data availability statementhttps://figshare.com/s/fb8a49aee0405e08bb08Additional informationNotes on contributorsPham Chien ThangPham Chien Thang received a Ph.D. from the University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Hanoi, Vietnam in 2019. From 2014 to present, he was a lecturer at the University of Sciences, Thai Nguyen University, Vietnam. In 2020, he became Head of the Department at the Faculty of Journalism and Communication, University of Sciences, Thai Nguyen University, Vietnam. His research interests include the applications of new technology in media, computer-mediated communication, journalism, and social media.Ta Thi Nguyet TrangTa Thi Nguyet Trang received a Ph.D. from the University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Hanoi, Vietnam in 2020. From 2018 to present, she has been a lecturer at the Department of Economics and Management, TNU-International School. Her research interests include marketing communication, new media, economics, and management.","PeriodicalId":34095,"journal":{"name":"Oil Crop Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136114161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.ocsci.2023.11.003
Muez Berhe , Jun You , Komivi Dossa , Fetien Abay Abera , Emmanuel Amponsah Adjei , Yanxin Zhang , Linhai Wang
Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) plays a crucial role in Ethiopian agriculture, serving both subsistence and commercial purposes. However, our understanding of the extensive genetic diversity and population structure of Ethiopian sesame remains limited. To address this knowledge gap, we genotyped 368 Ethiopian sesame germplasms, categorizing into four distinct breeding groups: Accessions, landraces, improved varieties, and wild types, using a comprehensive set of 28 polymorphic markers, including 23 simple sequence repeat (SSR) and five Insertion-Deletion (InDel) markers. These markers ensured robust genomic representation, with at least two markers per linkage group. Our results unveiled substantial genetic diversity, identifying a total of 535 alleles across all accessions. On average, each locus displayed 8.83 alleles, with observed and expected heterozygosity values of 0.30 and 0.36, respectively. Gene Diversity and Polymorphic Information Content (PIC) were recorded at 0.37 and 0.35. The percentage of polymorphic loci varied significantly among breeding groups, ranging from 8.00% to 82.40%, indicating high diversity in accessions (82.4%), moderate diversity in improved varieties (31.20%) and landraces (29.60%), and limited diversity in wild types (8.00). Analysis of Molecular Variance (AMOVA) results emphasized significant genetic differentiation among populations, with substantial diversity (P < 0.001) within each population. Approximately 8% of the entire genetic diversity could be attributed to distinctions among populations, while the larger proportion of genetic diversity (92%) resided within each individual sesame population, showcasing heightened diversity within each group. Our study's findings received support from both Bayesian clustering and Neighbor-joining (NJ) analysis, reaffirming the credibility of our genetic structure insights. Notably, Population structure analysis at its highest Δk value (k = 2) revealed the existence of two primary genetic clusters, further subdivided into four sub-populations at k = 4. Similarly, NJ analysis identified two prominent clusters, each displaying additional sub-clustering. In conclusion, our research provides a comprehensive understanding of genetic groups, subpopulations, and overall diversity within Ethiopian sesame populations. These findings underscore the significant genetic diversity and population structure within Ethiopian sesame germplasm collections. This genetic richness holds promise for breeding and conservation efforts, highlighting the importance of preserving genetic diversity to ensure adaptation to changing environments and meet the needs of farmers and consumers.
{"title":"Large scale genetic landscape and population structure of Ethiopian sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) germplasm revealed through molecular marker analysis","authors":"Muez Berhe , Jun You , Komivi Dossa , Fetien Abay Abera , Emmanuel Amponsah Adjei , Yanxin Zhang , Linhai Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.ocsci.2023.11.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ocsci.2023.11.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Sesame (<em>Sesamum indicum</em> L.) plays a crucial role in Ethiopian agriculture, serving both subsistence and commercial purposes. However, our understanding of the extensive genetic diversity and population structure of Ethiopian sesame remains limited. To address this knowledge gap, we genotyped 368 Ethiopian sesame germplasms, categorizing into four distinct breeding groups: Accessions, landraces, improved varieties, and wild types, using a comprehensive set of 28 polymorphic markers, including 23 simple sequence repeat (SSR) and five Insertion-Deletion (InDel) markers. These markers ensured robust genomic representation, with at least two markers per linkage group. Our results unveiled substantial genetic diversity, identifying a total of 535 alleles across all accessions. On average, each locus displayed 8.83 alleles, with observed and expected heterozygosity values of 0.30 and 0.36, respectively. Gene Diversity and Polymorphic Information Content (PIC) were recorded at 0.37 and 0.35. The percentage of polymorphic loci varied significantly among breeding groups, ranging from 8.00% to 82.40%, indicating high diversity in accessions (82.4%), moderate diversity in improved varieties (31.20%) and landraces (29.60%), and limited diversity in wild types (8.00). Analysis of Molecular Variance (AMOVA) results emphasized significant genetic differentiation among populations, with substantial diversity (P < 0.001) within each population. Approximately 8% of the entire genetic diversity could be attributed to distinctions among populations, while the larger proportion of genetic diversity (92%) resided within each individual sesame population, showcasing heightened diversity within each group. Our study's findings received support from both Bayesian clustering and Neighbor-joining (NJ) analysis, reaffirming the credibility of our genetic structure insights. Notably, Population structure analysis at its highest Δk value (k = 2) revealed the existence of two primary genetic clusters, further subdivided into four sub-populations at k = 4. Similarly, NJ analysis identified two prominent clusters, each displaying additional sub-clustering. In conclusion, our research provides a comprehensive understanding of genetic groups, subpopulations, and overall diversity within Ethiopian sesame populations. These findings underscore the significant genetic diversity and population structure within Ethiopian sesame germplasm collections. This genetic richness holds promise for breeding and conservation efforts, highlighting the importance of preserving genetic diversity to ensure adaptation to changing environments and meet the needs of farmers and consumers.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34095,"journal":{"name":"Oil Crop Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2096242823000544/pdfft?md5=fd6d5d734e9c7114bbeb3a005984b801&pid=1-s2.0-S2096242823000544-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139015293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.ocsci.2023.12.001
Zhihui Wang , Yue Zhang , Liying Yan , Yuning Chen , Yanping Kang , Dongxin Huai , Xin Wang , Kede Liu , Huifang Jiang , Yong Lei , Boshou Liao
Peanut cultivation in China spans various ecological zones, each with unique environmental conditions. Identifying suitable peanut varieties for these regions has been challenging due to significant phenotypic variations observed across environments. This study, based on a comprehensive analysis of 256 peanut varieties, selected nine representative varieties (Huayu23, Yuanza9102, Silihong, Wanhua2, Zhonghua6, Zhonghua16, Zhonghua21, Zhonghua215, Zhonghua24) for cultivation in five distinct ecological zones including Chengdu, Hefei, Nanjing, Shijiazhuang, and Wuhan. The yield and quality related phenotypic traits of these varieties were thoroughly assessed, revealing a complex interplay between genetic and environmental factors. Principal component analysis (PCA) effectively distinguished varieties based on yield and quality traits. Strong correlations were observed between specific traits, such as seed size and quality components. The G × E interaction was evident, as some varieties consistently performed better in certain environments. Varieties with lower coefficient of variation (CV) values exhibited stable trait expression, making them reliable choices for broad cultivation. In contrast, varieties with higher CV values displayed greater sensitivity to environmental fluctuations, potentially due to specific genetic factors. Two high oleic acid varieties, Zhonghua24 and Zhonghua215, demonstrated remarkable stability in oleic acid content across diverse environments, suggesting the presence of genetic mechanisms that buffer against environmental variations. Overall, this study underscores the importance of selecting peanut varieties based on their adaptability and performance in specific ecological zones. These findings provide valuable insights for peanut breeders and farmers, facilitating informed decisions for improved crop production and quality.
{"title":"Correlation and variability analysis of yield and quality related traits in different peanut varieties across various ecological zones of China","authors":"Zhihui Wang , Yue Zhang , Liying Yan , Yuning Chen , Yanping Kang , Dongxin Huai , Xin Wang , Kede Liu , Huifang Jiang , Yong Lei , Boshou Liao","doi":"10.1016/j.ocsci.2023.12.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ocsci.2023.12.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Peanut cultivation in China spans various ecological zones, each with unique environmental conditions. Identifying suitable peanut varieties for these regions has been challenging due to significant phenotypic variations observed across environments. This study, based on a comprehensive analysis of 256 peanut varieties, selected nine representative varieties (Huayu23, Yuanza9102, Silihong, Wanhua2, Zhonghua6, Zhonghua16, Zhonghua21, Zhonghua215, Zhonghua24) for cultivation in five distinct ecological zones including Chengdu, Hefei, Nanjing, Shijiazhuang, and Wuhan. The yield and quality related phenotypic traits of these varieties were thoroughly assessed, revealing a complex interplay between genetic and environmental factors. Principal component analysis (PCA) effectively distinguished varieties based on yield and quality traits. Strong correlations were observed between specific traits, such as seed size and quality components. The G × E interaction was evident, as some varieties consistently performed better in certain environments. Varieties with lower coefficient of variation (CV) values exhibited stable trait expression, making them reliable choices for broad cultivation. In contrast, varieties with higher CV values displayed greater sensitivity to environmental fluctuations, potentially due to specific genetic factors. Two high oleic acid varieties, Zhonghua24 and Zhonghua215, demonstrated remarkable stability in oleic acid content across diverse environments, suggesting the presence of genetic mechanisms that buffer against environmental variations. Overall, this study underscores the importance of selecting peanut varieties based on their adaptability and performance in specific ecological zones. These findings provide valuable insights for peanut breeders and farmers, facilitating informed decisions for improved crop production and quality.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34095,"journal":{"name":"Oil Crop Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2096242823000556/pdfft?md5=f495e24f9f4c4d1bcee963b1d3364c88&pid=1-s2.0-S2096242823000556-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139016935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.ocsci.2023.12.002
Qian Qu , Xiaowei Wu , Qing Zhou , Shaoping Lu , Xuan Yao , Liang Guo , Liangqian Yu
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a key role in a variety of biological processes, such as the perception of abiotic stress, the integration of different environmental signals, and the activation of stress response networks. Salt stress could induce an increased ROS accumulation in plants, disrupting intracellular redox homeostasis, leading to post-translational modifications (PTMs) of specific proteins, and eventually causing adaptive changes in metabolism. Here, we performed an iodoTMT-based proteomic approach to identify the sulfenylated proteins in B. napus root responsing to salt stress. Totally, 1 348 sulfenylated sites in 751 proteins were identified and these proteins were widely existed in different cell compartments and processes. Our study revealed that proteins with changed abundance and sulfenylation level in B. napus root under salt stress were mainly enriched in the biological processes of ion binding, glycolysis, ATP binding, and oxidative stress response. This study displays a landscape of sulfenylated proteins response to salt stress in B. napus root and provides some theoretical support for further understanding of the molecular mechanisms of redox regulation under salt stress in plants.
{"title":"Proteome-wide identification of S-sulfenylated cysteines response to salt stress in Brassica napus root","authors":"Qian Qu , Xiaowei Wu , Qing Zhou , Shaoping Lu , Xuan Yao , Liang Guo , Liangqian Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.ocsci.2023.12.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ocsci.2023.12.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a key role in a variety of biological processes, such as the perception of abiotic stress, the integration of different environmental signals, and the activation of stress response networks. Salt stress could induce an increased ROS accumulation in plants, disrupting intracellular redox homeostasis, leading to post-translational modifications (PTMs) of specific proteins, and eventually causing adaptive changes in metabolism. Here, we performed an iodoTMT-based proteomic approach to identify the sulfenylated proteins in <em>B. napus</em> root responsing to salt stress. Totally, 1 348 sulfenylated sites in 751 proteins were identified and these proteins were widely existed in different cell compartments and processes. Our study revealed that proteins with changed abundance and sulfenylation level in <em>B. napus</em> root under salt stress were mainly enriched in the biological processes of ion binding, glycolysis, ATP binding, and oxidative stress response. This study displays a landscape of sulfenylated proteins response to salt stress in <em>B. napus</em> root and provides some theoretical support for further understanding of the molecular mechanisms of redox regulation under salt stress in plants.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34095,"journal":{"name":"Oil Crop Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2096242823000568/pdfft?md5=ebc98d4b4698662e76031ff0cd6bc32c&pid=1-s2.0-S2096242823000568-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139191131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.ocsci.2023.11.001
Xuan Sun, Guomei Liu, Lin Yao, Chunfang Du
Ascorbate peroxidase (APX) is a crucial H2O2 scavenger that utilizes ascorbic acid as an electron donor and plays a significant role in plant stress resistance. This study aims to identify and characterize the Brassica napus L. APX gene family through genome and transcriptome sequencing, while also revealing their expression profile under low-temperature stress via transcriptome and proteome analysis. The results indicate the presence of 18 genes with three different conserved domains distributed in Brassica napus L., which can be classified into three major branches based on phylogenetic analysis. Eleven members were predicted to have the low-temperature response component (LTR). Most APX genes exhibit up-regulated transcriptional expression under low temperature stress, particularly APX2, APX4, APX12, and APX18. In terms of proteomics data, only six members (APX2, APX4, APX8, APX12, APX17, and APX18) showed temporal specificity in their expression patterns. Therefore, this study provides valuable insights into the complexity of the APX family in the functional characterization of its genes for future research.
{"title":"Genome-wide and transcriptome-wide identification of the APX gene family in rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) and their expression features under low temperature stress","authors":"Xuan Sun, Guomei Liu, Lin Yao, Chunfang Du","doi":"10.1016/j.ocsci.2023.11.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ocsci.2023.11.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Ascorbate peroxidase (APX) is a crucial H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> scavenger that utilizes ascorbic acid as an electron donor and plays a significant role in plant stress resistance. This study aims to identify and characterize the <em>Brassica napus</em> L. <em>APX</em> gene family through genome and transcriptome sequencing, while also revealing their expression profile under low-temperature stress via transcriptome and proteome analysis. The results indicate the presence of 18 genes with three different conserved domains distributed in <em>Brassica napus</em> L., which can be classified into three major branches based on phylogenetic analysis. Eleven members were predicted to have the low-temperature response component (LTR). Most <em>APX</em> genes exhibit up-regulated transcriptional expression under low temperature stress, particularly <em>APX2, APX4, APX12,</em> and <em>APX18</em>. In terms of proteomics data, only six members (APX2, APX4, APX8, APX12, APX17, and APX18) showed temporal specificity in their expression patterns. Therefore, this study provides valuable insights into the complexity of the APX family in the functional characterization of its genes for future research.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34095,"journal":{"name":"Oil Crop Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2096242823000520/pdfft?md5=75e5977a02bca9a5cfce98391da8aa4b&pid=1-s2.0-S2096242823000520-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139296242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}