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Screening and identification of salt tolerance soybean varieties and germplasms 筛选和鉴定大豆品种和种质的耐盐性
Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ocsci.2024.06.005
Limiao Chen , Lihua Peng , Wenqi Ouyang , Haowen Yao , Yuxin Ye , Zhihui Shan , Dong Cao , Shuilian Chen , Zhonglu Yang , Yi Huang , Bei Han , Aihua Sha , Xinan Zhou , Haifeng Chen

Soil salinization is a globally prevalent abiotic environmental stress. The imbalance of ions caused by high concentrations of sodium chloride results in a 40% reduction in soybean yield. Soybean, as an important crop for soil quality improvement, necessitates the identification of salt-tolerant varieties and germplasms to effectively utilize and enhance saline-alkali land. In this study, we assessed the salt tolerance of 435 soybean varieties and germplasms during the seedling stage. Among them, Qihuang34, You2104, Hongzhudou, Pamanheidou, and Osage exhibited grade 1 salt tolerance rates surpassing other tested materials. Furthermore, Hongzhudou and Qihuang34 demonstrated higher salt tolerance during germination and emergence stages based on their elevated rates of emergence, salt tolerance index, chlorophyll content, and shoot fresh weights. Overall findings provide valuable resources for molecular breeding efforts aimed at developing salt-tolerant soybean varieties suitable for cultivation in saline-alkali soils.

土壤盐碱化是全球普遍存在的非生物环境压力。高浓度氯化钠造成的离子失衡导致大豆减产 40%。大豆作为改良土壤质量的重要作物,需要鉴定耐盐品种和种质,以有效利用和改良盐碱地。本研究评估了 435 个大豆品种和种质在苗期的耐盐性。其中,"岐黄34"、"优2104"、"红豆"、"帕曼黑豆 "和 "奥萨奇 "的耐盐性超过了其他测试材料,达到了 1 级。此外,红豆和岐黄34在萌芽和出苗阶段表现出更高的耐盐性,这体现在其出苗率、耐盐性指数、叶绿素含量和嫩枝鲜重的提高上。总体研究结果为分子育种工作提供了宝贵的资源,旨在开发适合在盐碱地种植的耐盐大豆品种。
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引用次数: 0
An introductory review on the common brown leafhopper (Orosius orientalis): A new soybean pest 普通褐叶蝉(Orosius orientalis)介绍性综述:一种新的大豆害虫
Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ocsci.2024.07.003
Tianhao Pei , Xin Cui , Shusen Shi , Yu Gao

Soybean pests are one of the major factors limiting yield improvement. With the expansion of area and changes in cropping patterns, a number of new pests have been identified in the main soybean production areas of China. The common brown leafhopper, Orosius orientalis, is a new pest associated with soybean stay-green virus that has been discovered on cultivated soybean crop in the Yellow-Huai-hai region of China in recent years. The polyphagous insect has a wide feeding range and infests a variety of important grain and cash crops. This paper presents the basic information, geographical distribution, hosts, damage characteristics, plant virus transmission, occurrence patterns, and prevention and control measures O. orientalis. This review also provides insights into integrated prevention and control of the genus Orosius as an insect vector.

大豆虫害是制约产量提高的主要因素之一。随着种植面积的扩大和种植模式的改变,我国大豆主产区发现了一些新的害虫。普通褐叶蝉(Orosius orientalis)是近年来在中国黄淮海地区发现的一种与大豆留绿病毒有关的新害虫。该虫为多食性昆虫,取食范围广,为害多种重要粮食作物和经济作物。本文介绍了东方尺蠖的基本信息、地理分布、寄主、危害特征、植物病毒传播、发生规律和防控措施。这篇综述还为综合防控作为昆虫媒介的东方雨燕属提供了见解。
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引用次数: 0
Genetic variability and trait association analysis in linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) for yield and related traits 亚麻籽(Linum usitatissimum L.)产量及相关性状的遗传变异和性状关联分析
Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ocsci.2024.06.003
Sandeep Kumar Yadav , Neha Singh , Hemant Kumar Yadav

Diversity information mining about a crop for different attributes is an essential step for effective breeding programs. The present investigation evaluates the quantum of genetic variability and determines the relationship among the important agro-economic traits based on two years of phenotypic data of 210 accessions of linseed. The traits, capsule weight per plant, capsule per plant, husk weight per plant, and seed weight per plant exhibited comparatively higher genetic coefficient of variation (GCV) and phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV). In contrast, oil content and seed per capsule exhibited a lower value. The high magnitude of broad sense heritability was observed for all traits except seeds per capsule and husk weight per plant. The trait, capsules per plant, plant height, and days to 50% flowering showed high genetic advance coupled with high heritability. Hierarchical cluster analysis grouped 210 accessions into six distinct clusters. Out of 210, 144 (68.57%) accessions were grouped into three clusters (I, II, and III), in which cluster-III was the largest, containing 64 accessions followed by cluster II and cluster-I. The highest inter-cluster distance was observed between clusters-I and V (127.85), while the lowest was between clusters-II and IV (27.09). The positive correlation of capsule weight per plant with the seed weight per plant and a negative correlation with the days to 50% flowering indicates that high yielding linseed varieties with early flowering/maturity could be developed through direct and indirect selection. Further, seed yield and oil content could be enhanced together as indicated by ghe positive association among these two important traits. In this study, high yielding accessions with moderate to high oil content such as GP36, GP31, GP14, GP54, GP26, GP24, GP34, GP21, GP37 and GP27 and early flowering (less than 70 days) accessions such as GP2, GP26, GP27, CG33, CG44, CG42, CG132, and CG31 identified as potential genetic materials that could be exploited for developing early maturing varieties with high yield. In addition, information’s on various genetic parameters will help breeders to devise suitable breeding methodology for linseed genetic improvement for targeted traits.

作物不同属性的多样性信息挖掘是有效育种计划的必要步骤。本研究根据 210 个亚麻籽品种两年的表型数据,评估了遗传变异量,并确定了重要农业经济性状之间的关系。单株蒴果重、单株蒴果重、单株谷壳重和单株种子重等性状的遗传变异系数(GCV)和表型变异系数(PCV)相对较高。相比之下,含油量和每粒种子的变异系数较低。除每粒蒴果种子和每株谷壳重量外,所有性状的广义遗传力都很高。单株蒴果、株高和 50%开花天数等性状表现出较高的遗传进展和遗传率。层次聚类分析将 210 个品种分为 6 个不同的聚类。在 210 个品种中,144 个品种(68.57%)被归入三个聚类(I、II 和 III),其中聚类-III 最大,包含 64 个品种,其次是聚类 II 和聚类-I。簇间距离最大的是簇 I 和簇 V(127.85),最小的是簇 II 和簇 IV(27.09)。单株蒴果重量与单株种子重量呈正相关,而与 50%开花天数呈负相关,这表明可以通过直接和间接选育培育出早花/早熟的高产亚麻籽品种。此外,种子产量和含油量这两个重要性状之间的正相关关系也表明,种子产量和含油量可以同时提高。在这项研究中,GP36、GP31、GP14、GP54、GP26、GP24、GP34、GP21、GP37 和 GP27 等中高含油量的高产品种和 GP2、GP26、GP27、CG33、CG44、CG42、CG132 和 CG31 等早花(少于 70 天)品种被确定为潜在的遗传材料,可用于开发高产早熟品种。此外,有关各种遗传参数的信息将有助于育种者制定合适的育种方法,以针对目标性状进行亚麻籽遗传改良。
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引用次数: 0
CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockout of E4 gene promotes maturation in soybean CRISPR/Cas9 介导的 E4 基因敲除可促进大豆成熟
Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ocsci.2024.05.001
Shuiqing Wu , Li Chen , Mengwei Guo , Yupeng Cai , Yang Gao , Shan Yuan , Shi Sun , Yuxian Zhang , Wensheng Hou , Tianfu Han

Soybean is a broadly popular and extensively cultivated crop, however, many high-yield and high-quality varieties require specific growth conditions, restricting their widespread adoption. The appropriate light conditions and photoperiod must be attained for these varieties to thrive in new environments. In this study, we employed CRISPR/Cas9 to design two sgRNAs aimed at knocking out the maturity-related gene E4 in a major American soybean variety called ''Jack'', which belongs to maturity group MGII. E4 gene is primarily involved in the photoperiodic flowering and maturity in soybean, making it an ideal candidate for genetic manipulation. We successfully obtained 1 homozygous E4-SG1 mutant type with 1-bp insertion, and 4 homozygous E4-SG2 mutants type with 2-bp deletion, 7-bp deletion, 61-bp deletion, and 1-bp insertion, respectively. The homozygous e4 mutant plants contained early termination codons devoid of transgenic elements. Additionally, no potential off-target sites of the E4 gene were detected. A comparative analysis revealed that, unlike the wild-type, the maturity time of homozygous e4 mutants was early under both short-day and long-day conditions. These mutants offer novel germplasm resources that may be used to modify the photoperiod sensitivity and maturity of soybean, enhancing its adaptability to high-latitude regions.

大豆是一种广受欢迎和广泛种植的作物,然而,许多高产优质品种需要特定的生长条件,这限制了它们的广泛采用。要使这些品种在新环境中茁壮成长,必须获得适当的光照条件和光周期。在本研究中,我们利用 CRISPR/Cas9 设计了两个 sgRNA,旨在敲除美国大豆主要品种 "杰克"(Jack)的成熟相关基因 E4。E4 基因主要参与大豆的光周期开花和成熟,因此是遗传操作的理想候选基因。我们成功获得了 1 个 1-bp 插入的同源 E4-SG1 突变体,以及 4 个分别为 2-bp 缺失、7-bp 缺失、61-bp 缺失和 1-bp 插入的同源 E4-SG2 突变体。同源的 e4 突变体植株含有早期终止密码子,没有转基因元件。此外,没有检测到 E4 基因的潜在脱靶位点。比较分析表明,与野生型不同,同源 e4 突变体在短日照和长日照条件下的成熟时间都较早。这些突变体提供了新的种质资源,可用于改变大豆的光周期敏感性和成熟度,提高其对高纬度地区的适应性。
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引用次数: 0
Production and achievements of Sesamum indicum industry in the world: Past and current state 世界芝麻产业的生产和成就:过去和现状
Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ocsci.2024.06.006
Gazali B.T.A. Sanni , Vincent Ezin , Ifagbémi Bienvenue Chabi , Antoine Abel Missihoun , Quenum Florent , Zangui Hamissou , Mareme Niang , Adam Ahanchede

Sesame production is important in agriculture, food industry, and the crop diversity due to its rich nutritional profile and health benefits. Despite its significant value, sesame is still an orphan crop that has received little scientific attention, resulting in low yield compared to other major oilseed crops. This review offers a comprehensive overview of the present state of production, knowledge, and research advancements concerning Sesamum indicum on a global scale. The FAOSTAT database was extensively used to examine the global trends from 1961 to 2021. In the past 60 years, global sesame production has substantially increased, with Asia and Africa being the primary producers. The integration of omics technologies and biotechnological interventions has revolutionized our understanding of the genetic basis of sesame, enhanced productivity, invigorated stress resilience, and improved seed quality. High-throughput sequencing methods such as RNA-seq, RAD-seq, SLAF-seq, and GBS technology are used in various studies, linkage mapping, and identification of trait-associated markers. Fine linkage maps, and multi-omics studies such as genomics, proteomics, transcriptomics, and metabolomics have been employed in sesame research for gene and QTL mapping. Proteins and metabolic pathways related to oil content, yield, and stress tolerance were reported. Genes and QTLs related to yield and its components, drought, salt, and osmotic stress tolerance were discovered. Candidate genes associated with capsule shattering and seed shattering were recently revealed. For more achievement in sesame, it is important to enhance sesame production efficiency through mechanization, advanced agricultural practices, and knowledge dissemination to farmers. MAS and multi-omics integration should be particularly reinforced. The advancements in sesame production present a significant and promising opportunity for farmers, governments, and stakeholders in the agricultural sector.

芝麻生产在农业、食品工业和作物多样性方面具有重要意义,因为它营养丰富,有益健康。尽管芝麻具有重要价值,但它仍然是一种 "孤儿作物",很少受到科学界的关注,因此与其他主要油籽作物相比,芝麻产量较低。本综述全面概述了全球范围内芝麻的生产、知识和研究进展现状。本综述广泛使用了粮农组织统计数据库(FAOSTAT)来研究 1961 年至 2021 年的全球趋势。过去 60 年间,全球芝麻产量大幅增长,亚洲和非洲是主要生产国。omics 技术与生物技术干预相结合,彻底改变了我们对芝麻遗传基础的认识,提高了产量,增强了抗逆性,改善了种子质量。高通量测序方法,如 RNA-seq、RAD-seq、SLAF-seq 和 GBS 技术,被用于各种研究、连锁图谱绘制和性状相关标记的鉴定。在芝麻研究中,精细连接图谱以及基因组学、蛋白质组学、转录物组学和代谢组学等多组学研究已被用于基因和 QTL 图谱绘制。报告了与含油量、产量和抗逆性有关的蛋白质和代谢途径。发现了与产量及其成分、干旱、盐分和渗透胁迫耐受性有关的基因和 QTLs。最近还发现了与蒴果破碎和种子破碎有关的候选基因。要想在芝麻方面取得更大成就,必须通过机械化、先进的农业实践和向农民传播知识来提高芝麻生产效率。应特别加强 MAS 和多组学整合。芝麻生产的进步为农民、政府和农业部门的利益相关者提供了一个重要而有前景的机会。
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引用次数: 0
Changes in calcium accumulation and utilization efficiency and their impact on recycling, immobilization, and export across the oil palm cycle 钙积累和利用效率的变化及其对整个油棕循环中的回收、固定和出口的影响
Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ocsci.2024.06.004
Ismael de Jesus Matos Viégas , Luma Castro de Souza , Eric Victor de Oliveira Ferreira , Milton Garcia Costa , Glauco André dos Santos Nogueira , Vitor Resende do Nascimento , Cândido Ferreira de Oliveira Neto

Effective calcium (Ca) management is crucial for optimizing oil palm cultivation and enhancing crop yield. This study aimed to gain insights into the dynamics of Ca concentration, accumulation, exportation, immobilization, and recycling in various oil palm organs relative to plant age. The experiment was conducted at the Agropalma enterprise site in the northeastern region of Pará State, Brazil, evaluating seven plant age treatments: 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8 years old. Employing a completely randomized design with four replications. The results demonstrated an age-related increase in Ca concentration in petioles, rachis, arrows, male inflorescences, peduncles, and fruits. Furthermore, Ca accumulation exhibited an upward trend in all organs with progressing plant age. Notably, the study revealed an enhanced Ca use efficiency across all plant organs in correlation with the age of oil palm cultivation. These findings underscore the dynamic nutritional demands of oil palm, influencing Ca immobilization, cycling, and export throughout its developmental stages.

有效的钙(Ca)管理对于优化油棕种植和提高作物产量至关重要。本研究旨在深入了解钙在油棕榈各器官中的浓度、积累、输出、固定和循环的动态变化,以及与植株年龄的关系。实验在巴西帕拉州东北部的 Agropalma 企业所在地进行,评估了七个植株年龄处理:分别为 2 年、3 年、4 年、5 年、6 年、7 年和 8 年。采用完全随机设计,四次重复。结果表明,叶柄、轴、箭头、雄花序、花序梗和果实中的钙浓度随年龄增长而增加。此外,随着植株年龄的增长,所有器官中的钙积累都呈上升趋势。值得注意的是,研究表明,随着油棕种植年龄的增长,所有植物器官对钙的利用效率都有所提高。这些发现强调了油棕的动态营养需求,影响了钙在其整个发育阶段的固定、循环和输出。
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引用次数: 0
Effectiveness of biofertilizers foliar application on yield and quality traits of flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) 叶面喷施生物肥料对亚麻(Linum usitatissimum L.)产量和品质特征的影响。
Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ocsci.2024.03.001
Saied El Sayed , A.B. Bakry , O.A. Nofal , M.A. Abo Horish

Flax is considered to be one of the most significant dual-purpose crops for oil and fiber production in Egypt and worldwide. Biofertilizers have a substantial impact on various metabolic processes, including increased photosynthesis, endogenous hormone levels, ion absorption, nucleic acid synthesis, and protein synthesis. These factors collectively contribute to the growth and development of plants. Therefore, this study aims to investigate how three biofertilizers (Algae extract, CMS as a by-product of yeast, and Metalosate multi minerals as amino acids) can enhance both the quantity and quality of flax seed yield under sandy soil conditions. Two field experiments were conducted at the Experimental Station of National Research Centre in Nubaria District, Behira Governorate, Egypt during two seasons (2021/2022) using a randomized complete block design (RCBD). The results revealed significant differences among all tested biofertilizers in terms of various characteristics studied in flax. Foliar application of algae extract at a rate of 1.50 ​mL/L resulted in an increase in seed yield (ton/ha) by 26.69% & 19.89%, straw yield (ton/ha) by 8.08% & 17.12%, and oil yield (kg/ha) by 47.72% & 33.69% compared to the control group during both seasons respectively. Foliar applications of algae extract at a rate of 1.5 ​mL/L along with CMS at a rate of 5 ​mL/L and amino acids at a rate of 1.5 ​mL/L demonstrated significantly higher macronutrient contents (N, P, K), micronutrient contents (Fe, Zn, Mn), seed oil content, and protein content in flax seeds during both seasons. The highest values for seed oil content and protein content % were obtained through foliar application of amino acids at a rate of 1.50 ​mL/L. It can be concluded that foliar sprays with these biofertilizers effectively improved flax performance by increasing seed straw and oil yields, nutrients oil, protein and fatty acids seeds contents.

亚麻被认为是埃及乃至全世界最重要的油料和纤维生产两用作物之一。生物肥料对各种新陈代谢过程有重大影响,包括光合作用、内源激素水平、离子吸收、核酸合成和蛋白质合成的增加。这些因素共同促进了植物的生长和发育。因此,本研究旨在探讨三种生物肥料(藻类提取物、酵母副产品 CMS 和作为氨基酸的多矿物质 Metalosate)如何在沙质土壤条件下提高亚麻种子的产量和质量。采用随机完全区组设计(RCBD),在埃及贝希拉省努巴里亚区国家研究中心试验站进行了两季(2021/2022 年)田间试验。结果表明,所有测试的生物肥料在亚麻的各种特性方面都存在显著差异。与对照组相比,叶面喷施海藻提取物(1.50 mL/L)可使两季亚麻的种子产量(吨/公顷)分别增加 26.69% 和 19.89%,秸秆产量(吨/公顷)增加 8.08% 和 17.12%,产油量(千克/公顷)增加 47.72% 和 33.69%。叶面喷施 1.5 毫升/升的海藻提取物、5 毫升/升的 CMS 和 1.5 毫升/升的氨基酸后,两季亚麻种子中的常量营养元素(氮、磷、钾)、微量营养元素(铁、锌、锰)、籽油含量和蛋白质含量均显著提高。以 1.50 毫升/升的剂量叶面喷施氨基酸,种子含油量和蛋白质含量的百分比值最高。由此可以得出结论,叶面喷施这些生物肥料能提高亚麻籽的秸秆和油产量、营养油、蛋白质和脂肪酸含量,从而有效改善亚麻的生长性能。
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引用次数: 0
Multidimensional evaluation of salt tolerance in groundnut genotypes through biochemical responses 通过生化反应对花生基因型的耐盐性进行多维评估
Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ocsci.2024.03.002
Rushita D. Parmar, Vaishali G. Varsani, Vijay Parmar, Suhas Vyas, Dushyant Dudhagara

The manuscript explores the complex interplay between groundnut genotypes, salt tolerance and hormonal influence, shedding light on the dynamic responses of three specific groundnut genotypes, KDG-128, TG-37 ​A and GG-20, to salt treatments and gibberellic acid (GA3). The study encompasses germination, plant growth, total protein content and oil content as key parameters. Through comprehensive analysis, it identifies TG-37 ​A and KDG-128 as salt-tolerant genotypes, and GG-20 as salt-susceptible genotypes, which highlighting the potential for targeted breeding efforts to develop more resilient groundnut varieties. Moreover, the quantification of protein and oil content under different treatments provides vital data for optimizing nutritional profiles in groundnut cultivars. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) underscores the significance of the first principal component (PC1) in explaining the majority of variance, capturing primary trends and differences in plant length. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and hierarchical analysis confirm the presence of statistically significant differences in protein and oil content among the genotypes. Pearson's correlation coefficient matrix analysis reveals strong positive correlations between plant length and protein content, plant length and oil content, and a moderately positive correlation between protein content and oil content. These findings provide valuable insights into groundnut physiology, salt tolerance, and nutritional composition, with implications for future research in sustainable agriculture and crop improvement.

该手稿探讨了花生基因型、耐盐性和激素影响之间复杂的相互作用,揭示了三种特定花生基因型(KDG-128、TG-37 A 和 GG-20)对盐处理和赤霉素 (GA3) 的动态响应。研究以发芽、植物生长、总蛋白含量和含油量为关键参数。通过综合分析,该研究确定了 TG-37 A 和 KDG-128 为耐盐基因型,GG-20 为感盐基因型,从而突出了有针对性的育种工作的潜力,以开发抗逆性更强的花生品种。此外,不同处理下蛋白质和油含量的量化为优化花生栽培品种的营养成分提供了重要数据。主成分分析(PCA)强调了第一主成分(PC1)在解释大部分方差、捕捉植株长度的主要趋势和差异方面的重要性。方差分析(ANOVA)和层次分析证实,不同基因型之间的蛋白质和油脂含量存在显著的统计学差异。皮尔逊相关系数矩阵分析表明,植株长度与蛋白质含量、植株长度与含油量之间存在较强的正相关关系,蛋白质含量与含油量之间存在中等程度的正相关关系。这些发现为花生的生理、耐盐性和营养成分提供了宝贵的见解,对未来可持续农业研究和作物改良具有重要意义。
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引用次数: 0
Genotypic effects on accelerated propagation of oil palm breeding materials selected (Elaeis guineensis jacq.) using somatic embryogenesis 利用体细胞胚胎发生加速繁殖所选油棕育种材料(Elaeis guineensis Jacq.)的基因型效应
Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ocsci.2024.03.005
Retno Puji Astari , Mohammad Basyuni , Luthfi A.M. Siregar , Revandy I.M. Damanik , Deni Arifiyanto , Dadang Affandi , Indra Syahputra

Vegetable oil production from oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) is an important industry due to the rising demand every year. The somatic embryogenesis culture can propagate oil palm duplicate as parent plant, which can be selected as breeding material to produce new planting germplasm with high production or disease resistance. This study aims to evaluate the genotypic effect of somatic embryogenesis, while immature leaflets were employed as explants. The culture used embryo induction medium based on Murashige and Skoog (MS) modifications that contained 5 ​mg/L Naphthalene Acetic acid (NAA) and 0.5 ​mg/L Benzyl Amino Purine (BAP). The genotypic effect was statistically significant in the percentage of callus induction, producing somatic embryos, and germination embryos. In this study, we successfully cloned thirteen oil palm genotypes (GE-02, GE-03, GE-06, GE-07, GE-09, GE-23, GE-24, GE-27, GE-28, GE-32, GE-33, GE-34, and GE-35), with the highest number of somatic embryos formed on GE-27 with a percentage of 70.1%. The cloning was successful in accelerating the propagation of oil palm for materials breeding programs to create new varieties with high production and disease resistance. It is necessary to observation the performance of these clones in the field in terms of mantle flower appearance.

油棕(Elaeis guineensis Jacq.)植物油生产是一项重要产业,需求量逐年上升。体细胞胚胎发生培养可以繁殖油棕复本作为亲本,从而选育出高产或抗病的新种植种质。本研究以未成熟小叶为外植体,旨在评估体细胞胚胎发生的基因型效应。培养使用的胚胎诱导培养基是根据 Murashige 和 Skoog(MS)改良的,其中含有 5 毫克/升的萘乙酸(NAA)和 0.5 毫克/升的苄基氨基嘌呤(BAP)。在胼胝体诱导率、产生体细胞胚胎率和胚胎发芽率方面,基因型效应具有统计学意义。在本研究中,我们成功克隆了 13 个油棕基因型(GE-02、GE-03、GE-06、GE-07、GE-09、GE-23、GE-24、GE-27、GE-28、GE-32、GE-33、GE-34 和 GE-35),其中以 GE-27 的体细胞胚胎形成率最高,达到 70.1%。克隆成功加速了油棕的繁殖,为材料育种计划创造了高产、抗病的新品种。有必要在田间观察这些克隆体的套花外观表现。
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引用次数: 0
The influence of Lactobacillus plantarum fermentation in selenium-enriched Brassica napus L.: changes in the nutritional constituents, bioactivities and bioaccessibility 植物乳杆菌发酵对富硒甘蓝的影响:营养成分、生物活性和生物利用率的变化
Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ocsci.2024.03.004
Wen Wang, Zhixiong He, Ruiying Zhang, Min Li, Zhenxia Xu, Xia Xiang

Selenium (Se)-enriched Brassica napus L. is a valuable organic Se supplement. In this study, the fermentation broth enriched with organic Se (FFS) was prepared using Lactobacillus plantarum to ferment the substrate of Se-enriched Brassica napus L. Significant increases were observed after fermentation in total sugars, reducing sugars, soluble proteins, total phenolic content (TPC), and total flavonoid content (TFC). The organic Se was retained at a concentration of 54.75 ​mg/g in the freeze-dried sample. Principal component analysis and cluster analysis showed good separation between the FFS and unfermented (FS) groups. Fragrant 2-ethyloxetane had the highest content among all volatiles, while sinapine had the highest content among all phenolic compounds. The fermentation process showed remarkable improvement in the abundance and concentration of volatile compounds and phenolic contents, making FFS exhibit strong antioxidant activity and inhibitory capacity against α-glucosidase activity. The bioaccessibility of phenolic compounds was significantly greater in FFS compared to FS. ADMET analysis revealed that the majority of phenolic compounds contained in FFS did not exhibit mutagenicity toxicity, hepatotoxicity, skin sensitization, or blood-brain barrier penetration, indicating a favorable level of biosafety. Overall, our study provides a new insight into the further utilization of Se-enriched Brassica napus L. in foods.

富硒(Se)甘蓝是一种宝贵的有机 Se 补充剂。本研究利用植物乳杆菌发酵富硒甘蓝底物,制备了富含有机硒的发酵液(FFS),发酵后观察到总糖、还原糖、可溶性蛋白质、总酚含量(TPC)和总黄酮含量(TFC)显著增加。冻干样品中的有机硒保留浓度为 54.75 毫克/克。主成分分析和聚类分析显示,冻干和未发酵(FS)组之间有很好的分离。在所有挥发性物质中,2-乙基氧杂环丁烷的含量最高,而在所有酚类化合物中,山奈酚的含量最高。发酵过程显著提高了挥发性化合物和酚类化合物的含量和浓度,使 FFS 具有很强的抗氧化活性和抑制α-葡萄糖苷酶活性的能力。与 FS 相比,FFS 中酚类化合物的生物可及性明显更高。ADMET 分析表明,FFS 中所含的大多数酚类化合物没有诱变毒性、肝毒性、皮肤过敏或血脑屏障穿透性,表明其生物安全性达到了良好水平。总之,我们的研究为在食品中进一步利用富含硒的甘蓝提供了新的思路。
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Oil Crop Science
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