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Evaluation and Comparison of Gmapping and Karto SLAM Systems Gmapping与Karto SLAM系统的评价与比较
Q2 Computer Science Pub Date : 2022-07-27 DOI: 10.1109/CYBER55403.2022.9907154
Shengshu Liu, Y. Lei, Xin Dong
Gmapping and Karto are two classic laser-based SLAM algorithms widely used in various applications. This paper evaluated and compared the performances of these two algorithms. A series of experiments were conducted within the self-built outdoor environments. The parameters of algorithms were tuned, the performances of different parameter settings were evaluated and compared, and the pros and cons regarding mapping and localization accuracy and computational cost of two algorithms were discussed.
gapping和Karto是两种经典的基于激光的SLAM算法,广泛应用于各种领域。本文对这两种算法的性能进行了评价和比较。在自建的室外环境中进行了一系列实验。对算法的参数进行了调整,对不同参数设置的性能进行了评价和比较,并对两种算法在定位精度和计算成本方面的优缺点进行了讨论。
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引用次数: 0
Gait tracking control of biped robot based on adaptive gait switching algorithm 基于自适应步态切换算法的双足机器人步态跟踪控制
Q2 Computer Science Pub Date : 2022-07-27 DOI: 10.1109/CYBER55403.2022.9907560
Jianjun Yu, Ruiqi Li, Daoxiong Gong, Yixin Liu, Peng Liu
In order to make the walking gait of biped robot more human like, this paper takes the human walking data as the expected gait of robot, and uses the periodic characteristics of gait, proposes a gait tracking control strategy of Biped Robot Based on adaptive gait switching algorithm. Firstly, this paper establishes the complete dynamic models of left leg support phase (LSP) and right leg support phase (RSP) based on Lagrange method, then designs the corresponding LQR gait tracking control strategy, and uses the adaptive weighted particle swarm algorithm (A WPSO) to obtain the optimal controller parameters. Finally, the threshold range of plantar contact force in two periods are estimated based on the adaptive mechanism, and the occurrence of gait switching is detected according to the defined decision rules, thus trigger the control strategy in the next stage to realize the walking tracking control of biped robot. The experimental results show that only two LQR controllers to realize the accurate tracking of the desired gait of the biped robot, and the maximum gait speed reaches two steps/s, which is close to the human gait speed. Compared with other methods, the gait is more human like.
为了使双足机器人的行走步态更接近人类,本文将人类的行走数据作为机器人的预期步态,利用步态的周期性特征,提出了一种基于自适应步态切换算法的双足机器人的步态跟踪控制策略。首先,基于拉格朗日方法建立左腿支撑阶段(LSP)和右腿支撑阶段(RSP)的完整动态模型,然后设计相应的LQR步态跟踪控制策略,并采用自适应加权粒子群算法(WPSO)获得最优控制器参数。最后,根据自适应机制估计两阶段足底接触力的阈值范围,并根据定义的决策规则检测步态切换的发生,从而触发下一阶段的控制策略,实现双足机器人的步行跟踪控制。实验结果表明,仅用两个LQR控制器就能实现双足机器人对期望步态的精确跟踪,且最大步态速度达到两步/秒,接近人类的步态速度。与其他方法相比,步态更接近人类。
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引用次数: 0
A Novel Lightweight Architecture of Deep Convolutional Neural Networks 一种新的轻量级深度卷积神经网络架构
Q2 Computer Science Pub Date : 2022-07-27 DOI: 10.1109/CYBER55403.2022.9907319
Baicheng Liu, Xi’ai Chen, Zhi Han, Huidi Jia, Yandong Tang
Deep convolutional neural networks have achieved much success in many computer vision tasks. However, a network has millions of parameters which limit its inference speed and usage for some situations with limited storage space. Low-rank based methods and pruning methods are verified effective to compress the number of parameters and accelerate inference speed of deep convolutional neural networks. As the price, the performance of the networks decreases. To overcome this problem, in this paper, we design a novel low-rank and sparse architecture of convolutional neural networks. Besides accelerating inference speed and reducing parameters, our approach achieves better performance than baseline networks.
深度卷积神经网络在许多计算机视觉任务中取得了很大的成功。然而,在某些存储空间有限的情况下,网络有数百万个参数限制了它的推理速度和使用。验证了基于低秩的方法和剪枝方法在压缩参数数量和提高深度卷积神经网络推理速度方面的有效性。随着价格的下降,网络的性能也随之下降。为了克服这一问题,本文设计了一种新颖的低秩稀疏卷积神经网络结构。除了加速推理速度和减少参数外,我们的方法取得了比基线网络更好的性能。
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引用次数: 0
Design of Programmable Droplet Manipulation Platform Based on Magnetic Control 基于磁控的可编程液滴操作平台设计
Q2 Computer Science Pub Date : 2022-07-27 DOI: 10.1109/CYBER55403.2022.9907625
Xianmiao Zhang, Jie Liu, Jiying Liu, Yu-zhou Wang, Mian Zhang, Hongbiao Xiang
Droplet actuation simplifies the handling of various reagents or samples and can be applied to a wide range of fields, including chemistry, biology, biomedical, and others. This paper presents a programmable droplet control system based on a magnetoelastic membrane and electromagnetic pillar array. Different magnetic blocks with different magnetization directions were designed on the silicone rubber membrane, and the magnetoelastic membrane deformed under the magnetic field generated by the array of electromagnetic pillars. By combining the gravitational forces of the droplet and the deformation of the magnetic membranes, the motion of the droplet can be controlled. Furthermore, the surface of membranes was ablated with a laser machine to impart superhydrophobic properties. The simulation results show that with the different magnetic fields, the droplet can move lengthwise, widthwise, and diagonally in the horizontal plane, and multiple droplets can be merged and mixed. In contrast to the traditional droplet control method, the droplet programmable movement control system utilizing superhydrophobic magnetoelastic membranes and an electromagnetic pillar array has better stationarity, flexibility and does not affect the basic properties of the droplets.
液滴驱动简化了各种试剂或样品的处理,可应用于广泛的领域,包括化学,生物学,生物医学等。提出了一种基于磁弹性膜和电磁柱阵列的可编程液滴控制系统。在硅橡胶膜上设计不同磁化方向的磁块,使磁弹性膜在电磁柱阵列产生的磁场下发生变形。通过结合液滴的重力和磁膜的变形,可以控制液滴的运动。此外,用激光机器烧蚀膜的表面以赋予其超疏水性。仿真结果表明,在不同的磁场作用下,液滴可以在水平面上进行纵向、横向和对角线运动,并且可以实现多个液滴的合并和混合。与传统的液滴控制方法相比,利用超疏水磁弹性膜和电磁柱阵列的液滴可编程运动控制系统具有更好的平稳性和灵活性,并且不影响液滴的基本性质。
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引用次数: 0
Prediction of Battery Capacity Based on Deep Residual Network 基于深度残差网络的电池容量预测
Q2 Computer Science Pub Date : 2022-07-27 DOI: 10.1109/CYBER55403.2022.9907034
Yankui Wang, Wenhao Yao, Min Dong, Yixuan Li, Longxing Zhu, Sheng Bi
Consistency is essential to the life of battery packs. Therefore, there is a special process to determine the capacity of lithium batteries in their production process (aka grading). However, this process takes a very long time. We propose a new method based on deep learning, which uses data collected by sensors before the grading process to predict the battery capacity, hoping to reduce the time consumed in the whole process. We propose an end-to-end battery capacity prediction model. In our processing steps, complex feature extraction steps are not needed. On the contrary, we use a residual network to complete it automatically. We modified the original ResNet to suit our task. Convolution1D and global pooling layers are used to extract the time series feature. To improve the model's accuracy, we design a fusion model to deal with the time series of multi-step processes. Transfer learning is applied to help us train the model faster. The results on the test set show that the root mean square error of the predicted capacity of our fusion model is 4mAh, which is a 45% decline compared with the benchmark model. We visualize the extracted features, interpret the model and explain the possible mechanism of our model. Furthermore, based on our analysis, suggestions for improving prediction performance are put forward.
一致性对电池组的寿命至关重要。因此,锂电池在生产过程中有一个特殊的过程来确定其容量(即分级)。然而,这个过程需要很长时间。我们提出了一种基于深度学习的新方法,利用传感器在分级过程前收集的数据来预测电池容量,希望减少整个过程中消耗的时间。我们提出了一个端到端电池容量预测模型。在我们的处理步骤中不需要复杂的特征提取步骤。相反,我们使用残差网络来自动完成。我们修改了原来的ResNet以适应我们的任务。使用卷积一维层和全局池化层提取时间序列特征。为了提高模型的精度,我们设计了一个融合模型来处理多步过程的时间序列。迁移学习被用来帮助我们更快地训练模型。在测试集上的结果表明,我们的融合模型预测容量的均方根误差为4mAh,与基准模型相比下降了45%。我们将提取的特征可视化,对模型进行解释,并解释我们模型的可能机制。在此基础上,提出了提高预测性能的建议。
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引用次数: 0
Photovoltaic and energy storage control of partially observable distribution network based on deep reinforcement learning 基于深度强化学习的部分可观测配电网光伏与储能控制
Q2 Computer Science Pub Date : 2022-07-27 DOI: 10.1109/CYBER55403.2022.9907595
Q. Bu, P. Lv, Kexin Zhang, Xiaobo Dou, Fei Luo, Xufeng Zhou
After a large number of distributed power sources are connected to the distribution network, the volatility and uncertainty brought by them may lead to the over-limit of the distribution network voltage and the increase of network losses; at the same time, the distribution network itself is also in a partially observable state. In view of these problems, photovoltaic and energy storage are selected as the control objects. In this paper, a photovoltaic energy storage linkage control technology based on deep reinforcement learning is designed, and an example is used to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the method proposed in this paper.
大量分布式电源接入配电网后,其带来的波动性和不确定性可能导致配电网电压超限,网损增加;同时,配电网本身也处于部分可观测状态。针对这些问题,选择光伏和储能作为控制对象。本文设计了一种基于深度强化学习的光伏储能联动控制技术,并通过实例验证了所提方法的可行性和有效性。
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引用次数: 0
An Efficient Color and Geometric Feature Fusion Module for 6D Object Pose Estiamtion 一种有效的6D物体姿态估计颜色和几何特征融合模块
Q2 Computer Science Pub Date : 2022-07-27 DOI: 10.1109/CYBER55403.2022.9907032
Jiangeng Li, Hong Liu, Gao Huang, Guoyu Zuo
6D pose estimation is widely used in robot tasks such as sorting and grasping. RGB-D-based methods have recently attained brilliant success, but they are still susceptible to heavy occlusion. Our critical insight is that color and geometry information in RGBD images are two complementary data, and the crux of the pose estimation problem under occlusion is fully leveraging them. Towards this end, we propose a new color and geometry feature fusion module that can efficiently leverage two complementary data sources from RGB-D images. Unlike prior fusion methods, we conduct a two-stage fusion strategy to do color-depth fusion and local-global fusion successively. Specifically, we fuse the color features extracted from RGB images into the point cloud in the first stage. In the second stage, we extract local and global features from the fused point cloud using an ASSANet-like network and splice them together to obtain the final fusion features. We conducted experiments on the widely used LineMod and YCB-Video datasets, which shows that our method improves the prediction accuracy while reducing the training time.
6D姿态估计广泛应用于机器人的分类、抓取等任务中。基于rgb - d的方法最近取得了辉煌的成功,但它们仍然容易受到严重遮挡的影响。我们的关键见解是RGBD图像中的颜色和几何信息是两个互补的数据,遮挡下姿态估计问题的关键是充分利用它们。为此,我们提出了一种新的颜色和几何特征融合模块,可以有效地利用来自RGB-D图像的两个互补数据源。与以往的融合方法不同,我们采用了两阶段融合策略,分别进行颜色深度融合和局部-全局融合。具体来说,我们在第一阶段将从RGB图像中提取的颜色特征融合到点云中。在第二阶段,我们使用类似assanet的网络从融合点云中提取局部和全局特征,并将它们拼接在一起,得到最终的融合特征。我们在广泛使用的LineMod和YCB-Video数据集上进行了实验,结果表明我们的方法在减少训练时间的同时提高了预测精度。
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引用次数: 0
Research on Structure Design and Control of Plane 3-DOF Cable Driven Virtual Microgravity Training System 平面三自由度缆索驱动虚拟微重力训练系统结构设计与控制研究
Q2 Computer Science Pub Date : 2022-07-27 DOI: 10.1109/CYBER55403.2022.9907691
Xue Feng, Zhang Li-xun, Wang Chao, Wang Zhen-han, Fan Yu-he
Astronauts' microgravity environment simulation training on the ground is an important preparation for space operation tasks. In view of the problems of high cost, short single training time and low simulation accuracy of the existing microgravity training equipment, a virtual microgravity training system driven by plane 3 degrees of freedom (hereinafter referred to as “DOF”) cable is proposed. The system controls the motion of the virtual object pulled by the cable by sampling the astronauts' operating force on the working object; so that the virtual object conforms to the motion law in the microgravity environment. The structure of the system is designed. Aiming at the problems of insufficient workspace and high requirements for the performance of the driving unit caused by the unreasonable distribution of cable tension in the previous cable drive system, a control strategy of optimizing cable tension using genetic algorithm is proposed. The simulation results show that the motion of virtual mass under the action of operating force conforms to the motion law in microgravity environment, and has high simulation accuracy; The cable tension changes smoothly and the system has good stability. It can realize the simulated operation training of moving objects with different masses in microgravity environment.
航天员地面微重力环境模拟训练是执行空间运行任务的重要准备工作。针对现有微重力训练设备成本高、单次训练时间短、仿真精度低等问题,提出了一种由平面3自由度(以下简称“DOF”)缆索驱动的虚拟微重力训练系统。该系统通过对航天员对工作物体的操作力进行采样,控制缆绳牵引的虚拟物体的运动;使虚拟物体符合微重力环境下的运动规律。设计了系统的结构。针对以往缆索驱动系统中缆索张力分布不合理导致工作空间不足、对驱动单元性能要求高的问题,提出了一种利用遗传算法优化缆索张力的控制策略。仿真结果表明,虚质量在操作力作用下的运动符合微重力环境下的运动规律,具有较高的仿真精度;索张力变化平稳,系统稳定性好。实现了微重力环境下不同质量运动物体的模拟操作训练。
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引用次数: 0
Prediction of the Contrast between Target and Background based on an Improved Support Vector Machine 基于改进支持向量机的目标与背景对比度预测
Q2 Computer Science Pub Date : 2022-07-27 DOI: 10.1109/CYBER55403.2022.9907153
Junbo Liao, Hongxue Yuan, Huiru Zhong, Heng Li, Xin Cai, Jian Li, Yuliang Zhao
In this paper, to avoid modeling the characteristic of infrared radiation and contrast between the target and the background, the apparent temperature difference (ATD) between the target and the background is used as an alternative method to evaluate the infrared radiation contrast. For static fixed targets, the ATD mostly depends on the external meteorological factors, which make it reasonable to use the meteorological information to predict the ATD. Thus, a support vector machine (SVM) algorithm based on an improved PSO algorithm is proposed to predict the ATD of two different static targets based on long-term testing. The improved PSO algorithm, called dynamic selection strategy based PSO, is proposed to search the optimal parameters of SVM for improving the performance of SVM. The experimental results show the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method.
为了避免对红外辐射特性和目标与背景对比度进行建模,本文采用目标与背景之间的视温差(ATD)作为评价红外辐射对比度的替代方法。对于静态固定目标,ATD主要依赖于外部气象因素,因此利用气象信息预测ATD是合理的。为此,提出了一种基于改进粒子群算法的支持向量机(SVM)算法,基于长期测试对两个不同静态目标的ATD进行预测。提出了一种改进的粒子群算法,即基于动态选择策略的粒子群算法,用于搜索支持向量机的最优参数,以提高支持向量机的性能。实验结果表明了该方法的可行性和有效性。
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引用次数: 0
Three Dimensional Path Planning of Snake-Arm Robot Based on Improved Ant Colony Algorithm 基于改进蚁群算法的蛇臂机器人三维路径规划
Q2 Computer Science Pub Date : 2022-07-27 DOI: 10.1109/CYBER55403.2022.9907588
Xu Chen, Yong Jiang
A path planning algorithm based on an improved ant colony algorithm was proposed to solve the path planning problem of snake-arm robots in a structured environment. The heuristic function of the ant colony algorithm is combined with an artificial potential field. Setting up a repulsive force field around the obstacle and an attractive field at the target point, the snake-arm robot is guided to advance from the starting point to the target point while avoiding the obstacle. Chaos disturbance is added to the pheromone update to improve the global search capability of the algorithm. In path optimization, the linear generation algorithm and cubic uniform B-spline curve interpolation algorithm are used to optimize the path globally.
针对蛇臂机器人在结构化环境中的路径规划问题,提出了一种基于改进蚁群算法的路径规划算法。将蚁群算法的启发式函数与人工势场相结合。在障碍物周围设置一个斥力场,在目标点处设置一个引力场,引导蛇臂机器人在避开障碍物的同时从起点向目标点前进。在信息素更新中加入混沌扰动,提高了算法的全局搜索能力。在路径优化中,采用线性生成算法和三次均匀b样条曲线插值算法对路径进行全局优化。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
IET Cybersystems and Robotics
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