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Foreign Experience in the Implementation of Regional Investment Policy and the Possibility of Its Application in Russia 国外实施区域投资政策的经验及其在俄罗斯适用的可能性
Pub Date : 2022-03-26 DOI: 10.22363/2312-8313-2022-9-1-94-103
Lilia S. Nevyantseva
This article examines the features and trends in the implementation of state investment policy at the level regions in selected foreign countries. The author conducts a comparative analysis of the investment policy of the selected countries, identifies the priorities, tools and goals for the implementation of the analyzed investment policy practices. The author concludes that it is possible to use the best foreign practices in the implementation of investment policy at the Russian regional level.
本文考察了国外一些国家地方政府投资政策实施的特点和趋势。作者对所选国家的投资政策进行了比较分析,确定了实施所分析的投资政策实践的优先事项、工具和目标。作者的结论是,在俄罗斯地区一级实施投资政策时,可以采用国外的最佳做法。
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引用次数: 2
The Image of the Ancient Jewish Ruler and Autocratic Power During the Formation of Statehood (Based on the Materials of the Hebrew Bible) 古代犹太统治者形象与国家形成过程中的专制权力(基于希伯来圣经资料)
Pub Date : 2021-12-15 DOI: 10.22363/2312-8313-2021-8-4-365-374
A. Kovalev
The relevance of the study lies in the fact that the ancient texts of the Hebrew Bible largely anticipated the political and legal achievements of the last centuries. The Tanakh, additions and commentaries to it determine the direction of modern international humanitarian law, ways of forming state administration, lay the foundations of a system of checks and balances, a system of separation of powers, contain the foundations of the contractual theory of the origin of the state by concluding an agreement between the people and the king. The purpose of this study is to analyze the ancient texts of the Hebrew Bible and update the obtained data in modern political and managerial relations. Some texts of the Hebrew Bible (Tanakh), authoritative commentaries on them and the results of research by domestic and foreign scientists were used as materials for the study. The research methods were comparison, analysis of documents, and the system method. The conducted research concluded that doubts about the historicity and practical reliability of the texts of the Hebrew Bible are not able to affect the indisputable value of the material contained in it. Even if the events described have never taken place in history, the views expressed in the Bible themselves should be recognized as far ahead of their time and of value for modern political science. The Hebrew Bible defines the representative of the autocratic power (the king) as the first among equals. This applies to rights, duties, and responsibilities. It is this postulate that should be embedded in the modern political and managerial system, in which there is always a manager and performers. And only continuous work (primarily on oneself), self-improvement, as the Hebrew Bible bequeathed, should become the criterion for selecting a leader, and not any preferences.
这项研究的相关性在于,《希伯来圣经》的古代文本在很大程度上预测了过去几个世纪的政治和法律成就。《Tanakh》及其补充和评注确定了现代国际人道主义法的方向,形成国家行政的方式,奠定了制衡制度和分权制度的基础,通过在人民和国王之间达成协议,包含了国家起源的契约理论的基础。本研究的目的是分析希伯来圣经的古代文本,并更新所获得的现代政治和管理关系的数据。本研究采用了《希伯来圣经》(Tanakh)的部分文本、权威评论以及国内外科学家的研究成果作为研究材料。研究方法有比较法、文献分析法和系统法。所进行的研究得出的结论是,对《希伯来圣经》文本的历史性和实践可靠性的怀疑并不能影响其中所含材料无可争议的价值。即使所描述的事件在历史上从未发生过,《圣经》中表达的观点本身应该被公认为远远超前于时代,对现代政治学具有价值。希伯来圣经将专制权力的代表(国王)定义为平等中的第一位。这适用于权利、义务和责任。正是这一假设应该嵌入现代政治和管理体系中,在这个体系中总是有一个管理者和执行者。只有不断的工作(主要是对自己),自我完善,正如希伯来圣经所遗留下来的那样,才应该成为选择领导者的标准,而不是任何偏好。
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引用次数: 0
Government Policy in Overcoming Religious Extremism in Indonesia: A Multidisciplinary Review between Public Administration and Psychology 印尼克服宗教极端主义的政府政策:公共行政与心理学的多学科回顾
Pub Date : 2021-12-15 DOI: 10.22363/2312-8313-2021-8-4-423-433
D. Buana, Masayu N. Juwita
The development of religious extremism in Indonesia continues to increase every year so that serious attention is needed by the government to deal with religious extremism in Indonesia. Indonesia is an archipelagic country where there are various ethnic groups and religions that coexist. However, the development of religious extremism sometimes becomes a serious problem for the Indonesian people because it can have a negative impact and damage the unity between nations and religions. This research uses literature study. This research method is carried out by reviewing various literatures, both books, newspapers, survey reports, academic journals related to religious extremism in Indonesia. The results show that not all religious extremism has an impact on the emergence of terrorism, but the government still must make the right policies in handling religious extremism that can cause division and affect peoples welfare. The policies that have been made by the government are considered appropriate and based on the laws that have been set by the government so that they can have a positive impact in maintaining the unity and integrity of the Indonesian nation.
印尼宗教极端主义的发展每年都在持续增加,因此政府需要认真关注印尼的宗教极端主义问题。印度尼西亚是一个群岛国家,那里有各种各样的种族和宗教共存。然而,宗教极端主义的发展有时会成为印尼人民的一个严重问题,因为它会产生负面影响,损害国家和宗教之间的团结。本研究采用文献研究法。该研究方法是通过查阅与印度尼西亚宗教极端主义有关的各种文献,包括书籍、报纸、调查报告和学术期刊来进行的。研究结果表明,并非所有宗教极端主义都会对恐怖主义的出现产生影响,但政府仍必须制定正确的政策来处理可能导致分裂和影响人民福利的宗教极端主义。政府制定的政策被认为是适当的,并以政府制定的法律为基础,以便对维护印度尼西亚民族的团结和完整产生积极影响。
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引用次数: 3
Cooperative Governance and Local Economic Development in Selected Small Towns: A Case Study of the Western Cape Province, South Africa 小城镇的合作治理与地方经济发展——以南非西开普省为例
Pub Date : 2021-12-15 DOI: 10.22363/2312-8313-2021-8-4-405-422
R. Kamara
This article reports on a study based on cooperative governance and Local Economic Development (LED) in selected small towns in the Western Cape Province. The dearth of an integrative institutional framework to promote collaborative participation negatively influences local municipalities ability to successfully manage LED cooperatively with relevant stakeholders. Promoting such inclusive representation and participation of all relevant stakeholders provides a viable and complementary alternative to the traditional bureaucratic governance mechanism. The study investigated the specific factors involved in designing and implementing cooperative governance for LED in selected, comparable municipalities in the Western Cape. Specifically, the study aims to determine the push and pull factors for the successful functioning of cooperative governance aimed at promoting LED in those municipalities. Data were collected through three data collection instruments, namely, document review, interviews, and focus group discussions. The document review is complemented by data from interviews and focus groups discussion. The study contributes to the body of knowledge on cooperative governance by identifying the specific cooperative governance factors, enabling the efficacy and governance of LED in small towns, aimed at positively influencing municipalities ability to successfully manage LED cooperatively with relevant stakeholders. An in-depth understanding of the relationship and dynamics of these variables helps to offer recommendations as to how to improve the management and responsiveness to socio-economic concerns within the municipalities through improved LED governance.
本文报道了一项基于西开普省选定小城镇合作治理和地方经济发展的研究。缺乏促进合作参与的综合体制框架,对地方市政当局与相关利益攸关方合作成功管理LED的能力产生了负面影响。促进所有相关利益攸关方的这种包容性代表和参与,为传统的官僚治理机制提供了一种可行和互补的替代方案。该研究调查了西开普省选定的可比市镇设计和实施LED合作治理的具体因素。具体而言,该研究旨在确定合作治理成功运作的推动和拉动因素,旨在促进这些城市的LED。数据是通过三种数据收集工具收集的,即文件审查、访谈和焦点小组讨论。文件审查得到访谈和焦点小组讨论数据的补充。该研究通过确定具体的合作治理因素,促进小城镇LED的功效和治理,为合作治理知识体系做出贡献,旨在积极影响市政当局与相关利益相关者成功管理LED的能力。深入了解这些变量的关系和动态,有助于就如何通过改进LED治理来改善市政当局内部对社会经济问题的管理和响应提出建议。
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引用次数: 1
Sustainable Development Goals in 2020 2020年可持续发展目标
Pub Date : 2021-12-15 DOI: 10.22363/2312-8313-2021-8-4-386-394
Anton G. Chepusov
This article provides a brief overview of the term sustainable development and its brief characteristics. The author considers the details of the ongoing changes in the current macroeconomic context of the global pandemic. The author concludes that only a few indicators have improved their dynamics in 2020-2021. In the future, inertial development is predicted for most of the key areas of sustainable development. Therefore, the article shows that achieving the SDGs on a global scale by 2030 is nothing more than an indicative and currently unattainable goal.
本文简要介绍了可持续发展一词及其基本特征。作者考虑了当前全球大流行的宏观经济背景下正在发生的变化的细节。作者的结论是,只有少数指标在2020-2021年改善了其动态。在未来,大多数可持续发展的关键领域都将出现惯性发展。因此,本文表明,到2030年在全球范围内实现可持续发展目标只不过是一个指示性的、目前无法实现的目标。
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引用次数: 25
Eurasian Demotia: Formation of the Concept of Self-government 欧亚民族:自治概念的形成
Pub Date : 2021-12-15 DOI: 10.22363/2312-8313-2021-8-4-355-364
A. V. Shabaga
The article examines one of the key concepts of the Eurasianists - demotia. Despite its theoretical significance, the concept of demotia, like many other Eurasian concepts, has not been developed in detail. Meanwhile, demotia, as a concept proposing new principles of self-government, is of special interest and still has a certain practical potential. In Russia, the introduction of the beginnings of local self-government is associated with the Great Reforms of Alexander II. However, the acquired rights were deemed insufficient. Of the constructive criticism of reforms in the sphere of self-government, the most consistent was the theory of A.I. Herzen (communal socialism). It was in it that the Eurasians saw the basis for the future organization of the Eurasian space, which received its form in the concept of demotia. The article examines the views of a number of Eurasians on demotia. According to their views, demotia is the most important principle of self-government, which implements the method of organic representation of the people at all levels of government (N.N. Alekseev); being a Eurasian demotic system - ί, it is fundamentally different from the Western democratic - ί (Ya.D. Sadovsky). They also pointed to the political homogeneity of the demotic system, which was seen as a huge advantage over the multiparty democratic system of the West (N.S. Trubetskoy). As a result of the study, it is concluded that demotia was a necessary part of the ideocracy-demotia construct, actively promoted in the works of the Eurasians, as a project to create a truly classless and harmonious society. Demotia combines the idea of the Eurasian nationality (the circle of traditional ideas of the Eurasian peoples) and the principle of direct democracy, which reconciles the idea of an ethnos as a people as a whole with its traditional ideas and specific ways of being and the idea of a demos as a political people.
本文考察了欧亚主义者的一个重要概念——民主。尽管demotia的概念具有理论意义,但与许多其他欧亚概念一样,它还没有得到详细的发展。同时,民主作为一个提出新的自治原则的概念,具有特殊的意义,仍具有一定的现实潜力。在俄罗斯,地方自治的开始与亚历山大二世的大改革有关。然而,所获得的权利被认为是不够的。在对自治领域改革的建设性批评中,最一致的是A.I.赫尔岑(社区社会主义)的理论。正是在这一点上,欧亚人看到了欧亚空间未来组织的基础,欧亚空间的形式体现在民主的概念中。本文考察了一些欧亚混血儿对demotia的看法。根据他们的观点,民主是自治的最重要原则,它实行各级政府中人民的有机代表制(N.N.Alekseev);作为欧亚民主制度,它与西方民主制度有着根本的不同。他们还指出了民主制度的政治同质性,这被视为比西方多党民主制度(N.S.Trubetskoy)的巨大优势。研究结果表明,民主是欧亚人积极倡导的理想主义民主建设的必要组成部分,是一个创建真正无阶级和谐社会的工程。Demotia融合了欧亚民族(欧亚民族传统思想的圈子)的思想和直接民主原则,使民族作为一个整体的思想与其传统思想和具体存在方式以及作为一个政治民族的demos的思想相调和。
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引用次数: 0
The Regional Role of Russia after Military Aid to Syria 俄罗斯对叙利亚军事援助后的地区角色
Pub Date : 2021-12-15 DOI: 10.22363/2312-8313-2021-8-4-434-441
A. Al-Qteishat
One of the most important goals of Russian foreign policy during Vladimir Putins presidency is to strengthen Russian influence in the Caucasus region and Central Asia, as well as to develop relations with such countries as Iran, Turkey and Saudi Arabia. The Russian government has always expressed concern about the so-called color revolutions that took place in Ukraine, Georgia and Kyrgyzstan, as well as the fact that many of them were supported by Western forces. Russia believes that the events of the Arab Spring are in some way similar to the aforementioned revolutions, and that with the support of the West they could bring Islamists to power, which is a dangerous model not only for the countries of the region and the countries neighboring Russia, but also for Russia itself. For these reasons, in the Syrian conflict, Moscow sought to preserve the Assad regime, because believes that the Western model in solving regional problems can lead to the general chaos, like it was, for example, in the Iraqi and Libyan models. Despite the difficulties faced by government officials in Syria since the beginning of the civil war, and thanks to Russian military assistance and reforms, Syria preserved the legitimate regime and did not allow destroying all state institutions. Participation in the Syrian conflict brought Russia a significant role in the region and allowed it to become a successful mediator in most regional issues, as well as to strengthen its economic and political relations with the most important players in the region, as Turkey, Iran, Egypt and Saudi Arabia.
弗拉基米尔·普廷斯担任总统期间,俄罗斯外交政策最重要的目标之一是加强俄罗斯在高加索地区和中亚的影响力,以及发展与伊朗、土耳其和沙特阿拉伯等国的关系。俄罗斯政府一直对乌克兰、格鲁吉亚和吉尔吉斯斯坦发生的所谓颜色革命以及其中许多革命得到西方势力支持表示担忧。俄罗斯认为,阿拉伯之春的事件在某种程度上与上述革命相似,在西方的支持下,它们可能会让伊斯兰主义者掌权,这不仅对该地区国家和俄罗斯邻国,而且对俄罗斯本身都是一个危险的模式。出于这些原因,在叙利亚冲突中,莫斯科试图维护阿萨德政权,因为它认为西方解决地区问题的模式可能会导致普遍的混乱,就像伊拉克和利比亚模式一样。尽管叙利亚政府官员自内战开始以来面临困难,但由于俄罗斯的军事援助和改革,叙利亚保留了合法政权,不允许摧毁所有国家机构。参与叙利亚冲突使俄罗斯在该地区发挥了重要作用,使其成为大多数地区问题的成功调解人,并加强了与土耳其、伊朗、埃及和沙特阿拉伯等该地区最重要参与者的经济和政治关系。
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引用次数: 0
The Role of Public Participation in Governance towards Achieving Sustainable Development. Part 1 公众参与治理对实现可持续发展的作用。第1部分
Pub Date : 2021-12-15 DOI: 10.22363/2312-8313-2021-8-4-395-404
Maurice S. Nyarangaa, Chen Hao, Duncan O. Hongo
Public participation aimed at improving the effectiveness of governance by involving citizens in governance policy formulation and decision-making processes. It was designed to promote transparency, accountability and effectiveness of any modern government. Although Kenya has legally adopted public participation in day-to-day government activities, challenges still cripple its effectiveness as documented by several scholars. Instead of reducing conflicts between the government and the public, it has heightened witnessing so many petitions of government missing on priorities in terms of development and government policies. Results show that participation weakly relates with governance hence frictions sustainable development. Theoretically, public participation influences governance efficiency and development, directly and indirectly, thus sustainable development policy and implementation depends on Public participation and good governance. However, an effective public participation in governance is has been fractioned by the government. Instead of being a promoter/sponsor of public participation, the government of Kenya has failed to put structures that would spur participation of citizens in policy making and other days to activities. This has brought about wrong priority setting and misappropriation of public resources; The government officials and political class interference ultimately limit public opinion and input effects on decision-making and policy formulation, which might be an inner factor determining the failure of public participation in Kenya. The study suggests the need for strengthening public participation by establishing an independent institution to preside over public participation processes.
公众参与旨在通过让公民参与治理政策制定和决策过程来提高治理的有效性。它旨在促进任何现代政府的透明度、问责制和有效性。尽管肯尼亚在法律上允许公众参与政府的日常活动,但正如几位学者所记录的那样,挑战仍然削弱了其有效性。它非但没有减少政府和公众之间的冲突,反而加剧了政府在发展和政府政策方面错过优先事项的请愿。研究结果表明,参与与治理的相关性较弱,从而影响可持续发展。从理论上讲,公众参与直接或间接影响治理效率和发展,因此可持续发展政策和实施取决于公众参与和善政。然而,公众对治理的有效参与一直受到政府的阻挠。肯尼亚政府非但没有成为公众参与的推动者/赞助者,反而未能建立激励公民参与政策制定和其他活动的结构。这造成了错误的优先次序设定和对公共资源的挪用;政府官员和政治阶层的干预最终限制了公众舆论和投入对决策和政策制定的影响,这可能是决定肯尼亚公众参与失败的内在因素。该研究表明,有必要通过建立一个独立机构来主持公众参与进程,从而加强公众参与。
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引用次数: 1
Application of Due Process in Recruitment and Selection of Personnel into the Federal Civil Service. Part 1 正当程序在联邦公务员制度人员招聘和选拔中的应用。第1部分
Pub Date : 2021-12-15 DOI: 10.22363/2312-8313-2021-8-4-375-385
Ani V. Anayochukwu, Grace I. Anayochukwu
This study was conducted to investigate the constraint to the effective application of due process in the recruitment and selection of personnel into the federal civil service. Four objectives and four research questions guided the study. A sampling technique was used in carrying out the work. A total number of three hundred (300) respondents were used for the study. The instruments for data collection were a questionnaire and observation checklist. Three hundred (300) copies of the questionnaire were distributed to the staff of the Federal Civil Service Commission (FCSC), Abuja and two hundred and seventy-six (276) were returned representing a 92% return rate. The frequency table and Mean were the statistical measures employed for the data analysis. The findings revealed that there were no strategies or methods of recruitment and selection of staff into the federal civil service. However, the findings also revealed that practices such as political interference and corruption during recruitment and selection in federal civil service tend to undermine the principle of due process. Based on the findings, it was recommended that the federal civil service commission should formulate sound policies and practices that will minimize the degree of politicization and corruption in the recruitment and selection of staff into the federal civil service; make use of modern sources and techniques of recruitment and selection such as, E-recruitment process and Information Communication Technology (ICT)-based selection resources as their source of recruitment and selection; and develop strategies or methods that will result in the effective application of due process in their recruitment and selection exercises.
进行这项研究是为了调查在联邦公务员制度的招聘和选拔中有效应用正当程序的制约因素。四个目标和四个研究问题指导了这项研究。这项工作采用了抽样技术。共有三百(300)名受访者参与了这项研究。数据收集的工具是调查表和观察清单。向阿布贾联邦公务员委员会(FCSC)的工作人员分发了三百(300)份问卷,共返回了二百七十六(276)份,返回率为92%。频率表和平均值是用于数据分析的统计指标。调查结果显示,联邦公务员制度中没有招聘和选拔工作人员的战略或方法。然而,调查结果也表明,在联邦公务员的招聘和选拔过程中,政治干预和腐败等做法往往会破坏正当程序原则。根据调查结果,建议联邦公务员制度委员会制定健全的政策和做法,尽量减少联邦公务员制度工作人员征聘和甄选过程中的政治化和腐败程度;利用现代征聘和甄选来源和技术,如电子征聘程序和基于信息通信技术的甄选资源,作为征聘和甄选的来源;制定战略或方法,以便在征聘和甄选工作中有效运用正当程序。
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引用次数: 0
Public Service Management through Making Identity Cards During Covid-19 in Bandar Lampung City, Indonesia 在新冠肺炎期间,印度尼西亚班达尔南蓬市通过制作身份证进行公共服务管理
Pub Date : 2021-12-15 DOI: 10.22363/2312-8313-2021-8-4-442-451
M. Ardiansyah, -. Irsandi, Muhammad I. Martadinata, Esti Melinda, Agustuti Handayani
The Covid-19 pandemic has forced every resident in Indonesia to have an Electronic Identity Card because it is one of the requirements for disbursing social assistance to residents affected by Covid-19. However, the Identity Card service in Bandar Lampung City is still experiencing several problems, such as long queues and a slow system. The pandemic condition should be used as a positive momentum in improving services that were initially face-to-face and caused long queues and then switched to an online system using Information Technology. This study uses a qualitative approach with data validity techniques using source triangulation. The results showed that the Department of Population and Civil Registration of Bandar Lampung City has not fully worked well but has carried out service standards in service management in making Identity Cards by reducing face-to-face service hours and limiting 60 people per day, diverting consulting services and complete files. Through the Whatsapp service, the public is also free of charge as well as providing service facilities and infrastructure according to health protocol standards and placing officers at the service counter in accordance with their competencies as well as periodic training for service counter officers. The results of this study also revealed that there was a very rapid policy change that caused a lack of socialization to the community in Bandar Lampung City, as well as a lack of awareness of the public who needed services on the importance of obeying health protocols.
新冠肺炎疫情迫使印度尼西亚的每一位居民都必须持有电子身份证,因为这是向受新冠肺炎影响的居民支付社会援助的要求之一。然而,班达尔楠榜市的身份证服务仍存在一些问题,如排队时间长和系统运行缓慢。疫情状况应被用作改善服务的积极动力,这些服务最初是面对面的,导致排长队,然后转向使用信息技术的在线系统。本研究采用了定性方法和数据有效性技术,使用了源三角测量。结果显示,班达尔-楠榜市人口和民事登记局在制作身份证方面并没有充分发挥作用,但在服务管理方面执行了服务标准,减少了面对面的服务时间,每天限制60人,分流了咨询服务并完成了档案。通过Whatsapp服务,公众也可以免费获得服务,并根据健康协议标准提供服务设施和基础设施,根据其能力将官员安排在服务柜台,并定期对服务柜台官员进行培训。这项研究的结果还表明,政策变化非常迅速,导致班达尔楠榜市社区缺乏社会化,需要服务的公众也缺乏遵守卫生规程重要性的意识。
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引用次数: 1
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RUDN Journal of Public Administration
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