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The Olympic Games and the “Soft Power” of the World’s Leading States 奥运会与世界主要国家的“软实力”
Pub Date : 2022-10-14 DOI: 10.22363/2312-8313-2022-9-3-284-295
Alla A. Shishkina
The article is devoted to the study of the role of the Olympic Games in the structure of the “soft power” of the state, as well as the transformation of the “soft power” tools associated with the Olympic movement in recent years. The article focuses on the political role of the initiatives to boycott the Olympic Games in Russia on the eve of the XXII Winter Olympic Games 2014 in Sochi and the XXIV Winter Olympic Games 2022 in Beijing, as well as the role of the Olympic agenda in international political discourse in the context of sanctions related to Russia’s special military operation in Ukraine.
本文致力于研究奥运会在国家“软实力”结构中的作用,以及近年来与奥林匹克运动相关的“软实力”工具的转变。本文重点关注2014年索契第22届冬季奥运会和2022年北京第24届冬季奥运会前夕抵制俄罗斯奥运会的倡议的政治作用,以及在与俄罗斯在乌克兰的特殊军事行动有关的制裁背景下,奥林匹克议程在国际政治话语中的作用。
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引用次数: 0
Fake News in Contemporary Communication Processes 当代传播过程中的假新闻
Pub Date : 2022-10-14 DOI: 10.22363/2312-8313-2022-9-3-263-274
E. Shults
The article focuses on the phenomenon of fake news in contemporary communication processes. The article analyzes the characteristic features of fake news in terms of disinformation, interference by foreign actors, manipulation, media messages aimed at increasing demand. Fake news is considered from the standpoint of mediating society and the emergence of the concept of “media democracy”. The author concludes that the phenomenon of “fake news” becomes a structural concept in modern media, which is associated with the peculiarities of media and social psychology. This phenomenon fits into the peculiarity of modern society, which the French philosopher J. Baudrillard designated as a simulacrum.
本文主要研究当代传播过程中的假新闻现象。文章从虚假信息、外国行为者的干预、操纵、旨在增加需求的媒体信息等方面分析了假新闻的特征。假新闻是从调解社会和“媒体民主”概念出现的角度来考虑的。文章认为,“假新闻”现象成为现代媒体的一个结构概念,这与媒体和社会心理的特殊性有关。这一现象符合现代社会的特点,法国哲学家鲍德里亚将其视为一种拟像。
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引用次数: 0
E-democracy as Ideological Basis of Public Administration Digitalization: Contradictions 电子民主作为公共行政数字化的思想基础:矛盾
Pub Date : 2022-10-14 DOI: 10.22363/2312-8313-2022-9-3-275-283
Evgeniia A. Solina
The electronic form of democracy carries the potential to resolve the crisis of the systems of the modern democratic structure, but recently its concept has been increasingly criticized. In this regard, researchers are interested in identifying the causes of this trend. The author suggests that the essence of the problem of e-democracy is in its internal contradictions: a) the convergence of the concept with other theories of democracy; b) ethical issues of the ICT exploitation within the political sphere. The former includes the combination in a single construction of fundamental features of both direct, deliberative and representative democracy in a single construction; substitution of the principles of direct democracy by the principles of plebiscite democracy; multidirectional aspirations expressed in involvement with the simultaneously existing internal apathy to the political sphere. Ethical contradictions: maximizing transparency with high manipulability; independence of decisions with controversial anonymity; reducing bureaucratic procedures as fraud acts increase; reduced number of absentists with persisting distrust of the system. Also, the methods of e-democracy within one society can create premises for both digital authoritarization and the strengthening of the role of civil society.
电子形式的民主具有解决现代民主结构体系危机的潜力,但最近它的概念受到越来越多的批评。在这方面,研究人员对确定这种趋势的原因很感兴趣。笔者认为,电子民主问题的实质在于其内部矛盾:1)与其他民主理论的趋同;b)政治领域内信息通信技术开发的伦理问题。前者包括直接民主、协商民主和代议制民主三个基本特征的统一;以公民投票民主原则取代直接民主原则;在参与的同时存在的内部对政治领域的冷漠中表达了多向的愿望。伦理矛盾:透明度最大化与高度可操控性;具有争议性匿名性的决策独立性;在欺诈行为增加时减少官僚程序;减少了对系统持续不信任的缺勤人数。此外,一个社会内部的电子民主方法可以为数字授权和加强公民社会的作用创造前提。
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引用次数: 0
Digital Transformation of the Educational Process under the Influence of the Spread of a New Coronavirus Infection in Russia 新型冠状病毒感染在俄罗斯传播影响下的教育过程数字化转型
Pub Date : 2022-03-26 DOI: 10.22363/2312-8313-2022-9-1-20-28
Denis G. Malov, Sabina Tyshtykbaeva
In 2020, the world community faced a particularly acute crisis in the form of the spread of a new coronavirus infection. People need to observe the regime of self-isolation to preserve life and health, therefore transformation of all society spheres is taking place. Education is of particular interest for researchers because these processes are not possible to pause for a long time. The only viable option for the implementation of the educational process in many countries is the transition to distance learning. The article examines the features of the transition to online education in Russia and analyzes the consequences of changes in the systems of school and higher education. The authors also believe that the pandemic has led to a sharp increase in the demand for various online courses and platforms.
2020年,国际社会面临着一场特别严重的危机,即新型冠状病毒感染的传播。人们需要遵守自我隔离制度来保护生命和健康,因此所有社会领域都在发生变革。研究人员对教育特别感兴趣,因为这些过程不可能长时间暂停。在许多国家实施教育进程的唯一可行选择是向远程学习过渡。本文考察了俄罗斯向在线教育过渡的特点,并分析了学校和高等教育体系变化的后果。作者还认为,疫情导致对各种在线课程和平台的需求急剧增加。
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引用次数: 0
Analytic Study of Russian Experience in Economic Development and Integration in the Global Economy: Lessons for Iran and Developing Countries 俄罗斯经济发展和全球经济一体化经验分析研究——对伊朗和发展中国家的启示
Pub Date : 2022-03-26 DOI: 10.22363/2312-8313-2022-9-1-83-93
I. Rezaeinejad
Economic development is one of the main concerns of todays countries, significantly those influenced by the collapse of the communist bloc and the failure of a centralized planning and growth pattern of socialism. As a result, Russias economy in the post-collapse period witnessed chaos in domestic production and the rise in commodity prices. However, Russia is now the 11th largest economy globally, and the countrys exports, which was $ 78 billion in 1995, amounted to more than $ 420 billion. This paper attempts to analyze this experience concerning the role of government in developing and integrating into the global economy. Therefore, the main question is the governments role in developing and integrating into the global economy from 1995 to 2011. This paper attempts to review the Russian experience due to its similarity in post-Soviet period with the Iranian economys current circumstances, analyzing and comparing solutions that a government must consider to be transferred from a government-run to a market economy. The survey shows that the Russian government successfully took a step toward economic liberalization and integration in the global economy.
经济发展是当今国家的主要关切之一,尤其是那些受到共产主义集团崩溃和社会主义集中计划和增长模式失败影响的国家。因此,俄罗斯经济在后崩溃时期出现了国内生产混乱和大宗商品价格上涨。然而,俄罗斯现在是全球第11大经济体,该国1995年的出口额为780亿美元,现在已超过4200亿美元。本文试图分析政府在发展和融入全球经济中的作用。因此,主要问题是政府在1995年至2011年发展和融入全球经济中的作用。本文试图回顾俄罗斯在后苏联时期与伊朗经济现状相似的经验,分析和比较政府从政府经营向市场经济转变时必须考虑的解决方案。调查显示,俄罗斯政府成功地朝着经济自由化和全球经济一体化迈出了一步。
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引用次数: 1
Implementation of Russian Universities’ Strategies in the Context of International Academic Rankings 国际学术排名背景下俄罗斯大学战略的实施
Pub Date : 2022-03-26 DOI: 10.22363/2312-8313-2022-9-1-7-19
Y. Ebzeeva, L. Gishkaeva
The article considers the implementation of strategies for the integration of Russian universities into the system of world academic rankings. The relevance of this work is dictated by the active introduction of Russian universities into the world market of educational services and the modernization of Russian higher education and science in the context of the globalization of these social institutions. For the effective integration of Russian universities into the global educational space, it is necessary to carry out a consistent modernization of both managerial and educational processes, as well as the infrastructure of universities and existing educational programs and standards. One of the aspects of introducing world educational standards into the practice of Russian higher education is the participation of Russian universities in world academic rankings. For the consistent and systematic promotion of the positions of Russian universities in world academic rankings, with the support of the Government of the Russian Federation and the Ministry of Science and Higher Education, national projects were developed to support leading Russian higher education institutions, programs to support innovative development and modernization, and individual roadmaps were drawn up. Development of universities, which allowed them to create their own development strategies and inclusion in the international educational market. The purpose of this article is to consider various aspects of the implementation of the strategies of Russian universities for inclusion in the world academic rankings and systematization of the results achieved so far. The work uses the methods of statistical, comprehensive and comparative analysis in relation to development strategies, roadmaps of Russian universities, as well as to the published results of their promotion in the system of international academic rankings. The result of this work was the derivation of general trends and patterns of development of Russian universities in the context of world academic rankings and the systematization of a set of measures aimed at their further systematic advancement. The positive and negative aspects of the participation of Russian universities in the system of world academic rankings, as well as the influence of the global system for assessing education and science on the Russian sphere of higher education, are analytically derived.
本文考虑了俄罗斯大学融入世界学术排名体系的战略实施情况。这项工作的相关性取决于俄罗斯大学积极进入世界教育服务市场,以及在这些社会机构全球化的背景下俄罗斯高等教育和科学的现代化。为了使俄罗斯大学有效融入全球教育空间,有必要对管理和教育过程以及大学基础设施和现有教育计划和标准进行持续的现代化。将世界教育标准引入俄罗斯高等教育实践的一个方面是俄罗斯大学参与世界学术排名。为了持续和系统地提升俄罗斯大学在世界学术排名中的地位,在俄罗斯联邦政府和科学与高等教育部的支持下,制定了支持俄罗斯领先高等教育机构的国家项目、支持创新发展和现代化的方案、,并绘制了单独的路线图。大学的发展,使它们能够制定自己的发展战略并融入国际教育市场。本文的目的是考虑俄罗斯大学纳入世界学术排名的战略实施的各个方面,以及迄今为止取得的成果的系统化。这项工作采用了统计、综合和比较分析的方法,涉及俄罗斯大学的发展战略、路线图以及已公布的在国际学术排名系统中的晋升结果。这项工作的结果是在世界学术排名的背景下推导出了俄罗斯大学的总体发展趋势和模式,并系统化了一系列旨在进一步系统化发展的措施。分析得出了俄罗斯大学参与世界学术排名体系的积极和消极方面,以及全球教育和科学评估体系对俄罗斯高等教育领域的影响。
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引用次数: 0
State Regulation of Social Policy During the Global Pandemic: Russian Experience and Foreign Practice 全球疫情期间国家对社会政策的调控:俄罗斯经验与国外实践
Pub Date : 2022-03-26 DOI: 10.22363/2312-8313-2022-9-1-60-72
S. Sergeeva
The focus of the study is the global pandemic COVID-19 and its negative impact that includes high mortality and pressure on the national and world economies. The author analyzes effective functioning of information and communication channels in the social sphere, related to reports of public health, prevention of outbreaks of epidemics and pandemics. There are evident problems with the delivery of information to various social groups about therapy, vaccination, which is also complicated by the fact that not all countries are sufficiently developed in a digital format, as well as domestic policies, norms, customs, personal biases, religion, news avoidance, quarantine fatigue, etc. All these factors increase the risks of destabilization of the socio-political system, increase the number of socio-political protests, and worsen the reputation of government and management bodies at different levels of political systems of states. The article analyses the theoretical aspects of the category social policy as one of the main directions of public policy and management. The author analyzed international experience and practices of state regulation of social policy during the global pandemic. The main attention was paid to social and economic support during the COVID-19 pandemic in contemporary Russia and the peculiarities of sectoral measures.
研究的重点是全球大流行新冠肺炎及其负面影响,包括高死亡率和对国家和世界经济的压力。作者分析了信息和沟通渠道在社会领域的有效运作,涉及公共卫生报告、流行病和流行病的预防。在向各种社会群体提供有关治疗和疫苗接种的信息方面存在明显的问题,这也因并非所有国家都在数字形式以及国内政策、规范、习俗、个人偏见、宗教、新闻回避、隔离疲劳等方面得到了充分发展而变得复杂。所有这些因素都增加了破坏社会政治体系稳定的风险,增加了社会政治抗议的数量,并恶化了国家不同政治体系级别的政府和管理机构的声誉。本文分析了作为公共政策和管理的主要方向之一的社会政策范畴的理论方面。作者分析了全球疫情期间国家监管社会政策的国际经验和做法。主要关注当代俄罗斯新冠肺炎大流行期间的社会和经济支持以及部门措施的特殊性。
{"title":"State Regulation of Social Policy During the Global Pandemic: Russian Experience and Foreign Practice","authors":"S. Sergeeva","doi":"10.22363/2312-8313-2022-9-1-60-72","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22363/2312-8313-2022-9-1-60-72","url":null,"abstract":"The focus of the study is the global pandemic COVID-19 and its negative impact that includes high mortality and pressure on the national and world economies. The author analyzes effective functioning of information and communication channels in the social sphere, related to reports of public health, prevention of outbreaks of epidemics and pandemics. There are evident problems with the delivery of information to various social groups about therapy, vaccination, which is also complicated by the fact that not all countries are sufficiently developed in a digital format, as well as domestic policies, norms, customs, personal biases, religion, news avoidance, quarantine fatigue, etc. All these factors increase the risks of destabilization of the socio-political system, increase the number of socio-political protests, and worsen the reputation of government and management bodies at different levels of political systems of states. The article analyses the theoretical aspects of the category social policy as one of the main directions of public policy and management. The author analyzed international experience and practices of state regulation of social policy during the global pandemic. The main attention was paid to social and economic support during the COVID-19 pandemic in contemporary Russia and the peculiarities of sectoral measures.","PeriodicalId":34125,"journal":{"name":"RUDN Journal of Public Administration","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48543318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Role of Public Participation in Governance towards Achieving Sustainable Development. Part 2 公众参与治理对实现可持续发展的作用。第2部分
Pub Date : 2022-03-26 DOI: 10.22363/2312-8313-2022-9-1-29-41
Maurice Simiyu Nyaranga, Chen Hao, Duncan O. Hongo
Public participation aimed at improving the effectiveness of governance by involving citizens in governance policy formulation and decision-making processes. It was designed to promote transparency, accountability and effectiveness of any modern government. Although Kenya has legally adopted public participation in day-to-day government activities, challenges still cripple its effectiveness as documented by several scholars. Instead of reducing conflicts between the government and the public, it has heightened witnessing so many petitions of government missing on priorities in terms of development and government policies. Results show that participation weakly relates with governance hence frictions sustainable development. Theoretically, public participation influences governance efficiency and development, directly and indirectly, thus sustainable development policy and implementation depends on Public participation and good governance. However, an effective public participation in governance is has been fractioned by the government. Instead of being a promoter/sponsor of public participation, the government of Kenya has failed to put structures that would spur participation of citizens in policy making and other days to activities. This has brought about wrong priority setting and misappropriation of public resources; The government officials and political class interference ultimately limit public opinion and input effects on decision-making and policy formulation, which might be an inner factor determining the failure of public participation in Kenya. The study suggests the need for strengthening public participation by establishing an independent institution to preside over public participation processes.
公众参与旨在通过让公民参与治理政策制定和决策过程来提高治理的有效性。它旨在促进任何现代政府的透明度、问责制和有效性。尽管肯尼亚在法律上允许公众参与政府的日常活动,但正如几位学者所记录的那样,挑战仍然削弱了其有效性。它非但没有减少政府和公众之间的冲突,反而加剧了政府在发展和政府政策方面错过优先事项的请愿。研究结果表明,参与与治理的相关性较弱,从而影响可持续发展。从理论上讲,公众参与直接或间接影响治理效率和发展,因此可持续发展政策和实施取决于公众参与和善政。然而,公众对治理的有效参与一直受到政府的阻挠。肯尼亚政府非但没有成为公众参与的推动者/赞助者,反而未能建立激励公民参与政策制定和其他活动的结构。这造成了错误的优先次序设定和对公共资源的挪用;政府官员和政治阶层的干预最终限制了公众舆论和投入对决策和政策制定的影响,这可能是决定肯尼亚公众参与失败的内在因素。该研究表明,有必要通过建立一个独立机构来主持公众参与进程,从而加强公众参与。
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引用次数: 2
Application of Due Process in Recruitment and Selection of Personnel into the Federal Civil Service. Part 2 正当程序在联邦公务员制度人员招聘和选拔中的应用。第2部分
Pub Date : 2022-03-26 DOI: 10.22363/2312-8313-2022-9-1-42-59
Vincent Anayochukwu Ani, Grace I. Anayochukwu
This study was conducted to investigate the constraint to the effective application of due process in the recruitment and selection of personnel into the federal civil service. Four objectives and four research questions guided the study. A sampling technique was used in carrying out the work. A total number of three hundred (300) respondents were used for the study. The instruments for data collection were a questionnaire and observation checklist. Three hundred (300) copies of the questionnaire were distributed to the staff of the Federal Civil Service Commission (FCSC), Abuja and two hundred and seventy-six (276) were returned representing a 92% return rate. The frequency table and Mean were the statistical measures employed for the data analysis. The findings revealed that there were no strategies or methods of recruitment and selection of staff into the federal civil service. However, the findings also revealed that practices such as political interference and corruption during recruitment and selection in federal civil service tend to undermine the principle of due process. Based on the findings, it was recommended that the federal civil service commission should formulate sound policies and practices that will minimize the degree of politicization and corruption in the recruitment and selection of staff into the federal civil service; make use of modern sources and techniques of recruitment and selection such as, E-recruitment process and Information Communication Technology (ICT)-based selection resources as their source of recruitment and selection; and develop strategies or methods that will result in the effective application of due process in their recruitment and selection exercises.
进行这项研究是为了调查在联邦公务员制度的招聘和选拔中有效应用正当程序的制约因素。四个目标和四个研究问题指导了这项研究。这项工作采用了抽样技术。共有三百(300)名受访者参与了这项研究。数据收集的工具是调查表和观察清单。向阿布贾联邦公务员委员会(FCSC)的工作人员分发了三百(300)份问卷,共返回了二百七十六(276)份,返回率为92%。频率表和平均值是用于数据分析的统计指标。调查结果显示,联邦公务员制度中没有招聘和选拔工作人员的战略或方法。然而,调查结果也表明,在联邦公务员的招聘和选拔过程中,政治干预和腐败等做法往往会破坏正当程序原则。根据调查结果,建议联邦公务员制度委员会制定健全的政策和做法,尽量减少联邦公务员制度工作人员征聘和甄选过程中的政治化和腐败程度;利用现代征聘和甄选来源和技术,如电子征聘程序和基于信息通信技术的甄选资源,作为征聘和甄选的来源;制定战略或方法,以便在征聘和甄选工作中有效运用正当程序。
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引用次数: 0
Human Resource Management in Entrepreneurial Business: A Literature Review 创业企业中的人力资源管理:文献综述
Pub Date : 2022-03-26 DOI: 10.22363/2312-8313-2022-9-1-73-82
O. Omotoye, A. O. Abdulazeez, L. D. Olusesi
Entrepreneurial orientation is critical for small and medium organizations for the survival and growth of their businesses. Entrepreneurial is an undertaking in which a particular human being proceeds along with opportunities by exploring the benefit of human resource management. The study justified that the role of managing human resources effectively and efficiently is significant in fostering and maintaining high levels of productivity in entrepreneurial businesses. Employees are said to be the most important resources available to an entrepreneur in the creation, development, and sustenance of a thriving entrepreneurial business. However, it was recommended that business owners should ensure competent candidates are being selected and placed during the recruitment process, as proper selection and placement of candidates into the organization will result into having the right people doing the right job which would enhance future performances of entrepreneurial businesses.
创业导向对于中小企业的生存和发展至关重要。创业是一种特定的人通过探索人力资源管理的好处来抓住机遇的事业。该研究证明,有效和高效地管理人力资源对于促进和保持创业企业的高生产力水平具有重要意义。据说,在一个蓬勃发展的创业企业的创建、发展和维持过程中,员工是企业家可用的最重要的资源。然而,有人建议,企业主应确保在招聘过程中选择和安置有能力的候选人,因为适当选择和安置候选人将使合适的人从事合适的工作,从而提高创业企业的未来业绩。
{"title":"Human Resource Management in Entrepreneurial Business: A Literature Review","authors":"O. Omotoye, A. O. Abdulazeez, L. D. Olusesi","doi":"10.22363/2312-8313-2022-9-1-73-82","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22363/2312-8313-2022-9-1-73-82","url":null,"abstract":"Entrepreneurial orientation is critical for small and medium organizations for the survival and growth of their businesses. Entrepreneurial is an undertaking in which a particular human being proceeds along with opportunities by exploring the benefit of human resource management. The study justified that the role of managing human resources effectively and efficiently is significant in fostering and maintaining high levels of productivity in entrepreneurial businesses. Employees are said to be the most important resources available to an entrepreneur in the creation, development, and sustenance of a thriving entrepreneurial business. However, it was recommended that business owners should ensure competent candidates are being selected and placed during the recruitment process, as proper selection and placement of candidates into the organization will result into having the right people doing the right job which would enhance future performances of entrepreneurial businesses.","PeriodicalId":34125,"journal":{"name":"RUDN Journal of Public Administration","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45393400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
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RUDN Journal of Public Administration
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