Developments in the Built Environment最新文献_第4页

Sustainable all-solid-waste ternary geopolymer grouting materials: Mechanical performance and microstructural evolution 可持续全固废三元地聚合物注浆材料：力学性能与微观结构演变

IF 8.2 2区工程技术 Q1 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

Developments in the Built Environment

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.dibe.2025.100835

Zuxiang Lei , Lichen Zhao , Feiyang Zhong , Jiasheng Huang

To address the carbon emissions of cement-based grouting materials and the environmental challenges caused by industrial solid waste, this study developed a ternary all-solid-waste geopolymer grouting material incorporating ferronickel slag (FNS), blast furnace slag (BFS), and fly ash (FA). The properties of the geopolymer were systematically investigated under different mix proportions. The mixture containing 20 wt% FNS, 50 wt% BFS, and 30 wt% FA achieved a 28-day compressive strength of 69.6 MPa, demonstrating excellent hardening performance. Increasing the BFS content or decreasing the FNS proportion enhanced flowability and shortened setting time. Microscopic analyses revealed that BFS promoted the conversion of N-A-S-H gel into C-A-S-H gel, which was responsible for the significant strength enhancement. Grouting simulation confirmed the effective penetration and consolidation capacity of the developed geopolymer in medium sand. These findings highlight the feasibility of utilizing industrial solid wastes for high-performance grouting applications, offering a sustainable pathway for large-scale solid waste valorization.

为解决水泥基注浆材料的碳排放和工业固体废弃物带来的环境挑战，本研究开发了一种含镍铁渣（FNS）、高炉渣（BFS）和粉煤灰（FA）的三元全固废地聚合物注浆材料。系统研究了不同配比下地聚合物的性能。含有20 wt% FNS、50 wt% BFS和30 wt% FA的混合物，28天抗压强度为69.6 MPa，表现出优异的硬化性能。增加BFS含量或降低FNS比例均能提高流动性，缩短凝结时间。微观分析表明，BFS促进了N-A-S-H凝胶向C-A-S-H凝胶的转化，这是显著增强强度的原因。注浆模拟验证了开发的地聚合物在中砂中的有效侵彻固结能力。这些发现突出了利用工业固体废物进行高性能注浆应用的可行性，为大规模固体废物增值提供了可持续的途径。

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引用次数: 0

Enhancing self-healing concrete performance through optimized bacterial spore encapsulation using response surface methodology 利用响应面法优化细菌孢子包封，提高混凝土自愈性能

IF 8.2 2区工程技术 Q1 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

Developments in the Built Environment

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.dibe.2025.100828

Jirapa Intarasoontron , Pitcha Jongvivatsakul , Pattharaphon Chindasiriphan , Suched Likitlersuang , Pranee Rojsitthisak , Wiboonluk Pungrasmi

This study presents the optimization of alginate-encapsulated bacterial spores (AEBS) for self-healing concrete. Bacillus sphaericus LMG 22257 spores were encapsulated in alginate microcapsules using ionotropic gelation, followed by freeze-drying. Response surface methodology was employed to determine the optimal conditions for bacterial spore microencapsulation, considering alginate concentration, calcium chloride concentration, and spore inoculum. The resulting AEBS were characterized in terms of encapsulation yield, capsule hardness, and swelling capacity. Statistical analysis revealed the significance and validity of the model. In addition, colorimetric urea analysis showed that AEBS decomposed urea more effectively than non-encapsulated bacterial spores. The self-healing performance was assessed via image processing and microstructural analysis. The mortar specimens treated with AEBS exhibited a complete crack-healing ratio (100 %) within 14 days, with the formation of CaCO₃ confirmed as the healing product. These findings indicate that AEBS prepared under optimal conditions have a strong potential for crack repair in concrete structures.

本研究提出了海藻酸盐包封细菌孢子（AEBS）自愈混凝土的优化。将球形芽孢杆菌LMG 22257孢子包封在海藻酸盐微胶囊中，然后进行冷冻干燥。考虑海藻酸盐浓度、氯化钙浓度和孢子接种量，采用响应面法确定细菌孢子微囊化的最佳条件。所得的AEBS在包封率、胶囊硬度和溶胀能力方面进行了表征。统计分析显示了模型的显著性和有效性。此外，尿素比色分析表明，AEBS比未包封的细菌孢子更有效地分解尿素。通过图像处理和显微结构分析评估了自愈性能。经AEBS处理的砂浆试件在14天内具有完全的裂纹愈合率（100 %），CaCO3的形成被证实为愈合产物。这些结果表明，在最佳条件下制备的AEBS具有很强的修补混凝土结构裂缝的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Evaluation of alkali surface modification on pyrolysis chars for use as supplementary cementitious materials in mortars 碱对作为砂浆补充胶凝材料的热解炭表面改性的评价

IF 8.2 2区工程技术 Q1 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

Developments in the Built Environment

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.dibe.2026.100871

Kande D.A. Wijesekara , Paul Sargent , David J. Hughes , Christopher J. Ennis

With rising global demand for Portland cement, the construction sector faces pressure to reduce CO₂ emissions and meet net-zero targets by 2050. Traditional supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) like ground granulated blast-furnace slag (GGBS) and pulverised fuel ash (PFA) are declining due to shifts in steelmaking and energy production. This study explores pyrolysed chars from municipal plastic waste and sewage sludge as alternative SCMs, replacing 2–5% Portland cement in mortars. Compressive strength development was assessed in relation to char mineralogy, physico-chemical properties, KOH treatment, and curing conditions. Pyrolysed plastic chars (PPC) outperformed sludge biochars, achieving strengths comparable or superior to control mortars and supporting hydration of C-S-H, C-A-S-H, and ettringite. Statistical analyses identified pozzolanic reactivity, Ca/pozzolan ratio, and effective w/b ratio as key predictors of strength. While KOH treatment improved some char properties, its effectiveness varied. Further optimisation of feedstock composition and pyrolysis conditions is needed to enhance char performance as SCMs.

随着全球对波特兰水泥需求的不断增长，建筑行业面临着减少二氧化碳排放并在2050年前实现净零排放目标的压力。由于炼钢和能源生产的转变，传统的补充胶凝材料（SCMs），如磨粒高炉渣（GGBS）和粉状燃料灰（PFA）正在减少。本研究探索了从城市塑料垃圾和污水污泥中提取的热解炭作为替代SCMs，取代砂浆中2-5%的波特兰水泥。抗压强度的发展与煤焦矿物学、物理化学性质、KOH处理和固化条件有关。热解塑料炭（PPC）表现优于污泥生物炭，其强度与对照砂浆相当或优于对照砂浆，并支持C-S-H、C-A-S-H和钙矾石的水化作用。统计分析表明，火山灰反应性、Ca/ pozzlan比和有效w/b比是预测强度的关键因素。KOH处理虽然改善了部分焦炭性质，但效果不一。需要进一步优化原料组成和热解条件，以提高作为SCMs的焦炭性能。

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引用次数: 0

From image to fire safety: An image-driven framework for as-is BIM reconstruction and fire risk assessment of existing buildings via semantic guidance 从图像到消防安全：一个图像驱动的框架，通过语义指导对现有建筑进行BIM重建和火灾风险评估

IF 8.2 2区工程技术 Q1 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

Developments in the Built Environment

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.dibe.2026.100869

Yangze Liang, Yuhui Xia, Mina Merzouk, Zhao Xu

Existing buildings pose significant challenges in urban fire-risk assessment. BIM provides critical spatial and semantic support for fire simulation, yet most BIM models are design-based and fail to represent actual as-is conditions. This study proposes an image-driven framework for as-is BIM reconstruction and fire-risk assessment. The approach uses semantic-guided Gaussian Splatting (S-GS) generates semantic-rich point clouds and rendered images. Point clouds restore building geometry to create IFC-compliant BIM models. The rendered images are used for semantic object recognition and are linked to the geometric space. The resulting BIM models are then used for fire simulation and quantitative risk assessment. Four case studies verify the feasibility and robustness of the method. By using images as the primary data, this study enhances BIM adaptability and semantic richness for fire analysis, introducing a new paradigm of image–point-cloud collaboration for accurate spatial reconstruction and semantic enrichment of existing buildings.

现有建筑对城市火灾风险评估提出了重大挑战。BIM为火灾模拟提供了关键的空间和语义支持，但大多数BIM模型都是基于设计的，无法代表实际情况。本研究提出了一个图像驱动的框架，用于BIM重建和火灾风险评估。该方法使用语义引导的高斯溅射（S-GS）生成语义丰富的点云和渲染图像。点云恢复建筑几何形状以创建符合ifc的BIM模型。渲染的图像用于语义对象识别，并链接到几何空间。然后将所得的BIM模型用于火灾模拟和定量风险评估。四个实例验证了该方法的可行性和鲁棒性。本研究以图像为主要数据，增强了BIM对火灾分析的适应性和语义丰富性，为现有建筑的精确空间重建和语义丰富引入了图像-点云协同的新范式。

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引用次数: 0

Linking predictive modelling of site-level resource use with life cycle assessment of construction-phase emissions for managing carbon limits 将场地级资源使用的预测模型与建筑阶段排放的生命周期评估相结合，以管理碳限制

IF 8.2 2区工程技术 Q1 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

Developments in the Built Environment

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.dibe.2026.100875

Lea Hasselsteen , Aleksander P. Otovic , Harpa Birgisdóttir , Kai Kanafani

Accurate, time-resolved data on resource use and waste generation are essential for assessing the environmental impacts of construction activities. Construction phases (Modules A4–A5 in life cycle assessment) contribute substantially to upfront emissions but are often simplified in current assessments due to a lack of granular predictive tools. This study develops a modular modelling approach using random forest regression to forecast time-distributed flows of electricity, heating, fuel, material transport, and construction waste. The model is trained on empirical data from Danish construction projects, incorporating temporal, project-specific, and contextual features to simulate consumption patterns over project timelines. Results show that the model captures variations across tasks and material categories, offering more detailed inputs for dynamic life cycle assessment and scenario analysis. By linking construction logistics to environmental performance, this approach facilitates more accurate emissions budgeting and informed decision-making at the early stages of sustainable construction planning.

关于资源使用和废物产生的准确、有时间分辨的数据对于评估建筑活动的环境影响至关重要。施工阶段（生命周期评估中的模块A4-A5）对前期排放有很大贡献，但由于缺乏颗粒预测工具，在当前评估中往往被简化。本研究开发了一种使用随机森林回归的模块化建模方法来预测电力、供暖、燃料、材料运输和建筑垃圾的时间分布流。该模型是根据丹麦建筑项目的经验数据进行训练的，结合了时间、项目特定和上下文特征来模拟项目时间线上的消费模式。结果表明，该模型捕获了任务和材料类别之间的变化，为动态生命周期评估和情景分析提供了更详细的输入。通过将施工物流与环境绩效联系起来，这种方法有助于在可持续建筑规划的早期阶段进行更准确的排放预算和明智的决策。

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引用次数: 0

Residual axial performance of PET/rubber-modified concrete confined with CFRP strips after thermal exposure: Experimental and theoretical analysis 热暴露后CFRP条约束下PET/橡胶改性混凝土的残余轴向性能：实验与理论分析

IF 8.2 2区工程技术 Q1 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

Developments in the Built Environment

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.dibe.2025.100834

Hassan Sabetifar, Mehdi Mousavimehr, Arman Aminian, Mahdi Nematzadeh

This study investigates the residual axial behavior of concretes with recycled polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and tire rubber after high-temperature exposure and subsequent confinement using carbon-fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) strips. Four mixes, including control, PET-modified, rubber-modified, and PET-rubber hybrid, were heated to 400 or 600 °C, cooled, and confined with five or seven CFRP strips before axial compression testing. Parameters examined included compressive strength, peak strain, elastic modulus, lateral/volumetric strains, and toughness indices. Heating reduced strength and stiffness but increased strain capacity and dilation. CFRP confinement markedly improved performance, particularly at 600 °C, with rubberized mixes showing the highest strain capacity under seven-strip confinement. Strength retention ranked as control, rubberized, hybrid, and PET. Volumetric and energy analyses showed that CFRP confinement restrained dilation and enhanced toughness, while rubber modification primarily increased strain capacity and promoted a more ductile, confinement-controlled response.

本研究研究了高温暴露和碳纤维增强聚合物（CFRP）条约束后，再生聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯（PET）和轮胎橡胶混凝土的残余轴向行为。四种混合料，包括对照、pet改性、橡胶改性和pet -橡胶混合，加热到400或600 °C，冷却，并在轴向压缩测试前用5或7条CFRP条限制。检测的参数包括抗压强度、峰值应变、弹性模量、侧向/体积应变和韧性指标。加热降低了强度和刚度，但增加了应变能力和膨胀。CFRP约束显著提高了性能，特别是在600 °C时，橡胶混合料在七条约束下表现出最高的应变能力。强度保持排名为控制，橡胶，混合，和PET。体积和能量分析表明，CFRP约束抑制了膨胀，增强了韧性，而橡胶改性主要增加了应变能力，促进了更韧性的约束控制响应。

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引用次数: 0

A multi-dimensional failure factor affecting the on-site adoption of construction robots 影响施工机器人现场采用的多维失效因素

IF 8.2 2区工程技术 Q1 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

Developments in the Built Environment

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.dibe.2025.100841

Hakpyeong Kim , Juwon Hong , Eunseong Song , Taehoon Hong , Jun-Ki Choi

Construction robots continue to draw significant interest, yet real-world deployments face persistent failures. Despite reported benefits and technological progress, there is still no systematic, evidence-based understanding of why robots underperform on actual construction sites. This study reviews 75 peer-reviewed field deployments (2016–2025) identified from the Web of Science to examine which failure factors recur and how they vary by construction domain, activity, and functionality. Each case is coded to reveal how technical failures are intertwined with organizational, environmental, and human factors. Five dominant failure dimensions emerge: environmental challenges (n = 45), system integration issues (n = 44), hardware limitations (n = 39), scalability and cost constraints (n = 15), and human–robot interaction issues (n = 14). The first three dominate, highlighting gaps in adaptability, interoperability, and mechanical robustness, as well as site-level infrastructure and workforce readiness. Based on these findings, this study proposes a dual-level mitigation framework spanning robot-level and site-level strategies to guide more scalable and successful deployment.

建筑机器人继续引起人们极大的兴趣，然而现实世界的部署面临着持续的失败。尽管报道了机器人带来的好处和技术进步，但对于机器人在实际建筑工地表现不佳的原因，仍然没有系统的、基于证据的理解。本研究回顾了从Web of Science中确定的75个同行评议的现场部署（2016-2025），以检查哪些故障因素会重复出现，以及它们如何随施工领域、活动和功能而变化。对每个案例进行编码，以揭示技术故障如何与组织、环境和人为因素交织在一起。五个主要失败维度出现:环境挑战(n = 45),系统集成问题(n = 44),硬件限制(n = 39),可扩展性和成本约束(n = 15),和人机交互问题(n = 14)。前三个占主导地位，突出了适应性、互操作性和机械健壮性方面的差距，以及站点级基础设施和劳动力准备情况。基于这些发现，本研究提出了一个跨越机器人级和站点级策略的双层缓解框架，以指导更具可扩展性和成功的部署。

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引用次数: 0

Spatiotemporal dynamics of exhaled aerosols in dental clinics: comparing heating systems and developing a novel pressure-driven dispersion model 牙科诊所呼出气溶胶的时空动力学：比较加热系统和开发一种新的压力驱动分散模型

IF 8.2 2区工程技术 Q1 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

Developments in the Built Environment

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.dibe.2025.100833

Min Chen , Guoqiang Lan , Tao Li

Dental clinics face high cross-infection risks due to aerosol-generating procedures. This study employed computational fluid dynamics to analyze indoor airflow and aerosol distribution in a typical dental clinic, evaluating two heating systems (warm air supply vs. radiator) and three ventilation strategies. A new metric was introduced to assess heating methods' impact on initial aerosol dispersion. Results demonstrated that warm air supply heating enhanced aerosol removal rate by up to 33.4 %, significantly lowering exposure risk for healthcare workers (HCWs). Conversely, radiator heating reduced aerosol removal rate to 10.9 % and increased deposition rate to 70.6 %, elevating surface-transmission risk. The highest aerosol deposition density on HCWs occurred with radiator heating and side vents (40.1 pc/m²), while the lowest was with warm air supply (4.1 pc/m²). These findings provide theoretical guidance for optimizing heating and ventilation to improve infection control in dental settings.

牙科诊所由于产生气溶胶的程序而面临很高的交叉感染风险。本研究采用计算流体力学分析了典型牙科诊所室内气流和气溶胶的分布，评估了两种供暖系统（暖风供应vs散热器）和三种通风策略。引入了一个新的度量来评估加热方法对初始气溶胶扩散的影响。结果表明，暖风供暖提高了气溶胶去除率高达33.4% %，显著降低了卫生保健工作者（HCWs）的暴露风险。相反，散热器加热将气溶胶去除率降低到10.9% %，并将沉积率提高到70.6 %，增加了表面传播的风险。暖气片加热和侧通风口的气溶胶沉降密度最高（40.1 pc/m2），暖风送风的气溶胶沉降密度最低（4.1 pc/m2）。这些发现为优化加热和通风改善口腔感染控制提供了理论指导。

引用次数: 0

Evaluation of freeze-thaw damage of partially saturated concrete with shrinkage-induced initial damage: Using in-situ CT technique 含收缩初始损伤的部分饱和混凝土冻融损伤评价——基于原位CT技术

IF 8.2 2区工程技术 Q1 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

Developments in the Built Environment

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.dibe.2026.100859

Yanchun Miao , Yanjing Zhang , Xiaobin Dong , Taotao Feng , Zhiqiang Yang , Junlin Lin , Yali Li , Jinyang Jiang , Zeyu Lu

The western plateau of China is marked by low relative humidity (RH) and experiences over 80 freeze-thaw cycles (FTCs) annually. This low RH contributes to shrinkage-induced initial damage in concrete structures before they enter service. However, the effect of such early deterioration on freeze-thaw damage behavior of partially saturated concrete remains unexplored. To address above challenges, concrete with/out shrinkage-induced initial damage was prepared through standard curing (95 ± 5 % RH) and dry curing (40 ± 5 % RH) followed by adjusting saturation levels. The tests of macroscopic mechanical properties indicate that the degradation of both residual compressive strength and relative dynamic elastic modulus in sealed specimens after 400 FTCs is less than that of unsealed ones after 100 FTCs. Furthermore, the micro/meso-scale defects of the specimens over increasing FTCs were explored based on in-situ X-ray computed tomography (CT), and average relative spalling amount was newly proposed to assess the freeze-thaw damage. The results showed that the average relative spalling amount of the unsealed concrete with initial damage was 4.4 % higher than that of specimens lacked such damage after 100 FTCs. Notably, sealed specimens with a saturation ≥86.6 % also exhibited a similar trend. The newly developed damage prediction model incorporating the number of FTCs, curing humidity, and saturation level well predicted the freeze-thaw damage of specimen after FTCs, demonstrating a relative error less than 6.7 %. This study aims to pave a theoretical basis for the freeze-resistant design of concrete construction in cold regions with low RH.

中国西部高原相对湿度低，每年经历80多次冻融循环（FTCs）。这种低相对湿度导致混凝土结构在投入使用之前发生收缩引起的初始损伤。然而，这种早期劣化对部分饱和混凝土冻融破坏行为的影响尚不清楚。为解决上述问题，通过标准养护（95 ± 5 % RH）和干养护（40 ± 5 % RH），并调整饱和水平，制备出具有收缩性初始损伤的混凝土。宏观力学性能试验表明，密封试样经过400次FTCs后，其残余抗压强度和相对动弹性模量的退化程度小于未密封试样经过100次FTCs后的退化程度。在此基础上，基于原位x射线计算机断层扫描（CT）研究了试件在增加FTCs时的微/细观缺陷，并提出了平均相对剥落量作为冻融损伤的评价指标。结果表明：100次FTCs后，有初始损伤的未密封混凝土的平均相对剥落量比无初始损伤的混凝土平均相对剥落量高4.4 %；饱和度≥86.6 %的密封试样也表现出类似的趋势。结合冻融层数、龄期湿度和饱和度的冻融损伤预测模型能够较好地预测冻融层后试件的冻融损伤，相对误差小于6.7 %。本研究旨在为低相对湿度寒冷地区混凝土结构的抗冻设计提供理论依据。

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引用次数: 0

Study of energy harvesting from conductive cement nanocomposites using a triboelectric nanogenerator 利用摩擦电纳米发电机收集导电水泥纳米复合材料能量的研究

IF 8.2 2区工程技术 Q1 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

Developments in the Built Environment

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.dibe.2026.100854

Young-Eun Lee , Donghan Lee , Jihye Sung , Ilhwan You , Dongwhi Choi , Seung-Jung Lee

This study presents the systematic optimization and validation of a triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) designed for practical application by addressing two key challenges: balancing mechanical strength with electrical conductivity and establishing system-level validation. Carbon black (CB), carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and carbon fibers (CFs) were incorporated at varying contents to determine the optimal composition. Incorporation of 0.5 vol% CNT yielded the optimal performance, achieving stable conductivity without compromising mechanical strength. Based on this optimized cement-based composite (CBC), a TENG system was fabricated consisting of a CBC electrode, a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) contact layer, and a nylon counter layer, which generated the highest average peak voltage of 22.4 V. Output performance was evaluated under different loads, excitation frequencies, and contact areas, with the device delivering a peak power of 3.364 μW at an optimal load resistance of 40 MΩ. Practical feasibility was demonstrated by powering a low-power electronic device. These findings highlight an optimized CBC-TENG design that integrates structural integrity with efficient energy harvesting, advancing the readiness of cement-based self-powered systems and offering a viable pathway for its integration into sustainable civil infrastructure.

本研究通过解决两个关键挑战：平衡机械强度和导电性以及建立系统级验证，提出了为实际应用而设计的摩擦电纳米发电机（TENG）的系统优化和验证。以不同的含量加入炭黑（CB）、碳纳米管（CNTs）和碳纤维（cf）以确定最佳组成。0.5 体积%碳纳米管的掺入产生了最佳性能，在不影响机械强度的情况下实现了稳定的导电性。基于该优化的水泥基复合材料（CBC），制备了由CBC电极、聚二甲基硅氧烷（PDMS）接触层和尼龙counter层组成的TENG系统，该系统产生的最高平均峰值电压为22.4 V。在不同负载、激励频率和接触面积下，器件输出功率峰值为3.364 μW ，最优负载电阻为40 MΩ。通过为低功耗电子器件供电，证明了其实际可行性。这些发现突出了优化的CBC-TENG设计，该设计将结构完整性与高效的能量收集相结合，提高了水泥自供电系统的准备程度，并为其集成到可持续民用基础设施中提供了可行的途径。

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引用次数: 0