The growing need for sustainable materials in the built environment has intensified interest in upcycling biomass waste into high-performance construction products. This study introduces a novel approach to valorize peanut husks, which is an abundant but underutilized agricultural residue, by extracting cellulose and converting it into multifunctional aerogels. Peanut husk-derived cellulose was combined with sodium alginate/CaCl2 as a green gelation system, and aerogels with varying cellulose contents (2.5 %, 5 %, 7.5 %, and 10 %) were fabricated via freeze-drying. The samples were further surface-modified with methyltrichlorosilane (MTCS) using a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method. The resulting aerogels exhibited low densities (0.047–0.130 g/cm3), excellent thermal insulation (0.017–0.029 W m−1 K−1), and high decomposition temperatures (∼336 °C). The MTCS-CVD treatment produced superhydrophobic surfaces (contact angle >150°) with high solvent adsorption capacity (up to 16 × their weight). These results demonstrate a technically feasible route for producing multifunctional cellulose aerogels from agricultural waste, emphasizing material design and process optimization for sustainable applications in energy-efficient and environmentally friendly building materials.
{"title":"Fabrication of superhydrophobic cellulose aerogel from peanut husk biomass for energy-efficient and environmental applications","authors":"Ubolluk Rattanasak , Thanaphat Thetpitak , Pumipat K. Pachana , Kamchai Nuithitikul , Peerapong Jitsangiam , Vanchai Sata , Chai Jaturapitakkul , Prinya Chindaprasirt","doi":"10.1016/j.dibe.2025.100829","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dibe.2025.100829","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The growing need for sustainable materials in the built environment has intensified interest in upcycling biomass waste into high-performance construction products. This study introduces a novel approach to valorize peanut husks, which is an abundant but underutilized agricultural residue, by extracting cellulose and converting it into multifunctional aerogels. Peanut husk-derived cellulose was combined with sodium alginate/CaCl<sub>2</sub> as a green gelation system, and aerogels with varying cellulose contents (2.5 %, 5 %, 7.5 %, and 10 %) were fabricated via freeze-drying. The samples were further surface-modified with methyltrichlorosilane (MTCS) using a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method. The resulting aerogels exhibited low densities (0.047–0.130 g/cm<sup>3</sup>), excellent thermal insulation (0.017–0.029 W m<sup>−1</sup> K<sup>−1</sup>), and high decomposition temperatures (∼336 °C). The MTCS-CVD treatment produced superhydrophobic surfaces (contact angle >150°) with high solvent adsorption capacity (up to 16 × their weight). These results demonstrate a technically feasible route for producing multifunctional cellulose aerogels from agricultural waste, emphasizing material design and process optimization for sustainable applications in energy-efficient and environmentally friendly building materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34137,"journal":{"name":"Developments in the Built Environment","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 100829"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145799061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-13DOI: 10.1016/j.dibe.2025.100826
Claudio Alanis Ruiz , Twan van Hooff , Bert Blocken , GertJan van Heijst
Unconditioned air infiltration through frequently used entrance doors can degrade building energy performance, indoor air quality, and thermal comfort. Air curtains mitigate these effects and are also critical in smoke and dust control, cleanrooms, and cold rooms. Their performance is commonly expressed as separation efficiency, which depends on jet dynamics and entrainment. While most studies consider single-jet air curtains, this work investigates secondary co-flowing jets as a design strategy to reduce entrainment and enhance separation efficiency. Large eddy simulations (LES), validated against a dedicated particle image velocimetry (PIV) dataset of plane turbulent impinging co-flowing jets, assess the influence of key jet parameters: velocity ratio (R), secondary-jet width (Ws), and inter-jet spacing (d). The results indicate that incorporating secondary jets under suitable discharge conditions increases infiltration-based separation efficiency by up to 5.4 % without compromising the combined infiltration–exfiltration metric; the latter can also improve by up to 3 %. Given baseline efficiencies of 86.2 % (infiltration) and 78.7 % (combined) for an optimized single-jet curtain, these gains are significant.
{"title":"Large eddy simulation of optimized air curtain separation via secondary co-flowing jets","authors":"Claudio Alanis Ruiz , Twan van Hooff , Bert Blocken , GertJan van Heijst","doi":"10.1016/j.dibe.2025.100826","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dibe.2025.100826","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Unconditioned air infiltration through frequently used entrance doors can degrade building energy performance, indoor air quality, and thermal comfort. Air curtains mitigate these effects and are also critical in smoke and dust control, cleanrooms, and cold rooms. Their performance is commonly expressed as separation efficiency, which depends on jet dynamics and entrainment. While most studies consider single-jet air curtains, this work investigates secondary co-flowing jets as a design strategy to reduce entrainment and enhance separation efficiency. Large eddy simulations (LES), validated against a dedicated particle image velocimetry (PIV) dataset of plane turbulent impinging co-flowing jets, assess the influence of key jet parameters: velocity ratio (<em>R</em>), secondary-jet width (<em>W</em><sub><em>s</em></sub>), and inter-jet spacing (<em>d</em>). The results indicate that incorporating secondary jets under suitable discharge conditions increases infiltration-based separation efficiency by up to 5.4 % without compromising the combined infiltration–exfiltration metric; the latter can also improve by up to 3 %. Given baseline efficiencies of 86.2 % (infiltration) and 78.7 % (combined) for an optimized single-jet curtain, these gains are significant.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34137,"journal":{"name":"Developments in the Built Environment","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 100826"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145799060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study presents the optimization of alginate-encapsulated bacterial spores (AEBS) for self-healing concrete. Bacillus sphaericus LMG 22257 spores were encapsulated in alginate microcapsules using ionotropic gelation, followed by freeze-drying. Response surface methodology was employed to determine the optimal conditions for bacterial spore microencapsulation, considering alginate concentration, calcium chloride concentration, and spore inoculum. The resulting AEBS were characterized in terms of encapsulation yield, capsule hardness, and swelling capacity. Statistical analysis revealed the significance and validity of the model. In addition, colorimetric urea analysis showed that AEBS decomposed urea more effectively than non-encapsulated bacterial spores. The self-healing performance was assessed via image processing and microstructural analysis. The mortar specimens treated with AEBS exhibited a complete crack-healing ratio (100 %) within 14 days, with the formation of CaCO3 confirmed as the healing product. These findings indicate that AEBS prepared under optimal conditions have a strong potential for crack repair in concrete structures.
{"title":"Enhancing self-healing concrete performance through optimized bacterial spore encapsulation using response surface methodology","authors":"Jirapa Intarasoontron , Pitcha Jongvivatsakul , Pattharaphon Chindasiriphan , Suched Likitlersuang , Pranee Rojsitthisak , Wiboonluk Pungrasmi","doi":"10.1016/j.dibe.2025.100828","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dibe.2025.100828","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents the optimization of alginate-encapsulated bacterial spores (AEBS) for self-healing concrete. <em>Bacillus sphaericus</em> LMG 22257 spores were encapsulated in alginate microcapsules using ionotropic gelation, followed by freeze-drying. Response surface methodology was employed to determine the optimal conditions for bacterial spore microencapsulation, considering alginate concentration, calcium chloride concentration, and spore inoculum. The resulting AEBS were characterized in terms of encapsulation yield, capsule hardness, and swelling capacity. Statistical analysis revealed the significance and validity of the model. In addition, colorimetric urea analysis showed that AEBS decomposed urea more effectively than non-encapsulated bacterial spores. The self-healing performance was assessed via image processing and microstructural analysis. The mortar specimens treated with AEBS exhibited a complete crack-healing ratio (100 %) within 14 days, with the formation of CaCO<sub>3</sub> confirmed as the healing product. These findings indicate that AEBS prepared under optimal conditions have a strong potential for crack repair in concrete structures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34137,"journal":{"name":"Developments in the Built Environment","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 100828"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145798665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-13DOI: 10.1016/j.dibe.2025.100827
Yongdan Wang , Hainian Wang , Ziming Liu
The diffusion behavior between aged asphalt and rejuvenators is critical for designing effective pavement recycling strategies. This study investigated the diffusion behavior of three rejuvenators using experimental and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The interaction performance was assessed by wetting, anti-aging, and self-healing analysis. The micro-interface diffusion was characterized by optical parameters, while MD simulations illuminated the underlying mechanism. Comprehensive behavior was evaluated by a weighted sum model (WSM). Results showed that Industrial vegetable oil (IV) achieved a superior comprehensive performance with the strongest interfacial energy (increased at least by 28 %), attributed to polar bonds between its carboxyl groups and oxidized asphalt. Refined waste engine oil (RW) exhibited the highest diffusion coefficient indicating rapid diffusion, while Naphthenic oil (NO) showed slower diffusion and weaker integration (50 % difference). Increased time and elevated temperature (from 25 °C to 70 °C) significantly enhanced diffusion, with IV achieving the most uniform morphology at high temperatures. The WSM score ranked the overall performance as IV (0.82) > RW (0.75) > NO (0.58). MD-derived diffusion coefficients aligned with experimental data, providing multi-scale insights for rational rejuvenators selection in asphalt recycling.
{"title":"Enhancing durability of reclaimed asphalt through interface diffusion optimization: Experimental and molecular dynamics","authors":"Yongdan Wang , Hainian Wang , Ziming Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.dibe.2025.100827","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dibe.2025.100827","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The diffusion behavior between aged asphalt and rejuvenators is critical for designing effective pavement recycling strategies. This study investigated the diffusion behavior of three rejuvenators using experimental and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The interaction performance was assessed by wetting, anti-aging, and self-healing analysis. The micro-interface diffusion was characterized by optical parameters, while MD simulations illuminated the underlying mechanism. Comprehensive behavior was evaluated by a weighted sum model (WSM). Results showed that Industrial vegetable oil (IV) achieved a superior comprehensive performance with the strongest interfacial energy (increased at least by 28 %), attributed to polar bonds between its carboxyl groups and oxidized asphalt. Refined waste engine oil (RW) exhibited the highest diffusion coefficient indicating rapid diffusion, while Naphthenic oil (NO) showed slower diffusion and weaker integration (50 % difference). Increased time and elevated temperature (from 25 °C to 70 °C) significantly enhanced diffusion, with IV achieving the most uniform morphology at high temperatures. The WSM score ranked the overall performance as IV (0.82) > RW (0.75) > NO (0.58). MD-derived diffusion coefficients aligned with experimental data, providing multi-scale insights for rational rejuvenators selection in asphalt recycling.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34137,"journal":{"name":"Developments in the Built Environment","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 100827"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145939632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-11DOI: 10.1016/j.dibe.2025.100825
Su Changwang , Shan Changxi , Hu Shaowei , Pan Fuqu , Zheng Zhichao , Ye Yuxiao , Zhang Haifen
Leakage detection and diagnosis of water supply pipe are crucial for ensuring urban water safety and reducing waste of water resources. Nowadays, pipe leakage is mainly detected using single-modal information (such as images, sound, etc.) combined with various numerical models or algorithms. However, there are many factors that affect pipe leakage in real environment. It is difficult for single-modal data to reflect the true information of pipe leakage accurately, and the collected data often have the problem of asymmetric information or partial missing. To address these challenges, an improved heterogeneous graph neural network model (p-HTGNN) with multi-modal information fusion is proposed, and the leakage monitoring experiment of the water supply pipe is carried out. The experimental and analytical results show that p-HTGNN achieves an F-score of 88.5 % for the classification of leakage defects and an F-score of 86.5 % for the diagnosis of leakage risk level. The recognition accuracy for different features all exceeds 95 %, with overall performance superior to other traditional detection algorithms. This work provides a novel method for accurately reflecting the actual situation of water supply pipe leakage and for carrying out leakage diagnosis intelligently and efficiently.
{"title":"Intelligent diagnosis of water supply pipe leakage based on multi-modal information fusion and improved heterogeneous temporal graph neural network","authors":"Su Changwang , Shan Changxi , Hu Shaowei , Pan Fuqu , Zheng Zhichao , Ye Yuxiao , Zhang Haifen","doi":"10.1016/j.dibe.2025.100825","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dibe.2025.100825","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Leakage detection and diagnosis of water supply pipe are crucial for ensuring urban water safety and reducing waste of water resources. Nowadays, pipe leakage is mainly detected using single-modal information (such as images, sound, etc.) combined with various numerical models or algorithms. However, there are many factors that affect pipe leakage in real environment. It is difficult for single-modal data to reflect the true information of pipe leakage accurately, and the collected data often have the problem of asymmetric information or partial missing. To address these challenges, an improved heterogeneous graph neural network model (p-HTGNN) with multi-modal information fusion is proposed, and the leakage monitoring experiment of the water supply pipe is carried out. The experimental and analytical results show that p-HTGNN achieves an F-score of 88.5 % for the classification of leakage defects and an F-score of 86.5 % for the diagnosis of leakage risk level. The recognition accuracy for different features all exceeds 95 %, with overall performance superior to other traditional detection algorithms. This work provides a novel method for accurately reflecting the actual situation of water supply pipe leakage and for carrying out leakage diagnosis intelligently and efficiently.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34137,"journal":{"name":"Developments in the Built Environment","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 100825"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145798666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-11DOI: 10.1016/j.dibe.2025.100806
Jing Cao , Xiaojie Yang , Yaming Shi , Yi Yang , Yuan Qin , Junrui Chai , Zengguang Xu
3D-printed concrete has significant potential for applications in the construction industry. However, compatibility issues still exist when combining it with conventional steel reinforcement. Fiber-reinforced 3D-printed concrete is commonly used, but the fiber distribution affects the mechanical properties of the material. During the printing process, fiber agglomeration may occur, and currently, research on its influencing mechanism and microstructural analysis is relatively limited. To evaluate the influence of fiber agglomeration distribution characteristics on cement-based materials, this study established a two-dimensional finite element model of 3D-printed steel fiber-reinforced cement-based material (3DP-SFRCBM) using a parametric programming language. The model consists of steel fibers, cement mortar, and an interfacial transition zone (ITZ), and considers different fiber distribution widths (with β ratios of 20 %, 40 %, 60 %, 80 %, and 100 %) and orientations (horizontal, vertical, and random). At the same time, the Weibull distribution was applied to describe the uniformity of the ITZ (with homogeneity parameters m = 6 and 20), simulating the entire failure process of cement under uniaxial tensile loading. The results show that the direction and orientation of fiber agglomeration have a significant effect on the peak strength of the material. When the interfacial homogeneity parameter is m = 6, the influence of fiber orientation on peak stress follows the order: vertical (parallel to the loading direction) > random > horizontal (parallel to the direction perpendicular to loading). When the homogeneity increases, the results are opposite. For a constant fiber orientation, the horizontal fiber agglomeration direction exhibits a higher peak stress; improved homogeneity contributes to higher peak stress and more stable results. In addition, the directionality and concentration of fibers have an important influence on the formation of final cracks; fiber agglomeration leads to the formation of local stress concentration regions, which cause cracks in these regions to propagate rapidly. This study further reveals the mechanism of the fiber agglomeration phenomenon in 3D-printed fiber-reinforced composites and provides a theoretical basis for optimizing printing processes and material mix designs in future research.
{"title":"Numerical analysis of mechanical properties of steel fiber composite cement mortar considering non-uniformity in 3D printing","authors":"Jing Cao , Xiaojie Yang , Yaming Shi , Yi Yang , Yuan Qin , Junrui Chai , Zengguang Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.dibe.2025.100806","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dibe.2025.100806","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>3D-printed concrete has significant potential for applications in the construction industry. However, compatibility issues still exist when combining it with conventional steel reinforcement. Fiber-reinforced 3D-printed concrete is commonly used, but the fiber distribution affects the mechanical properties of the material. During the printing process, fiber agglomeration may occur, and currently, research on its influencing mechanism and microstructural analysis is relatively limited. To evaluate the influence of fiber agglomeration distribution characteristics on cement-based materials, this study established a two-dimensional finite element model of 3D-printed steel fiber-reinforced cement-based material (3DP-SFRCBM) using a parametric programming language. The model consists of steel fibers, cement mortar, and an interfacial transition zone (ITZ), and considers different fiber distribution widths (with <em>β</em> ratios of 20 %, 40 %, 60 %, 80 %, and 100 %) and orientations (horizontal, vertical, and random). At the same time, the Weibull distribution was applied to describe the uniformity of the ITZ (with homogeneity parameters <em>m</em> = 6 and 20), simulating the entire failure process of cement under uniaxial tensile loading. The results show that the direction and orientation of fiber agglomeration have a significant effect on the peak strength of the material. When the interfacial homogeneity parameter is <em>m</em> = 6, the influence of fiber orientation on peak stress follows the order: vertical (parallel to the loading direction) > random > horizontal (parallel to the direction perpendicular to loading). When the homogeneity increases, the results are opposite. For a constant fiber orientation, the horizontal fiber agglomeration direction exhibits a higher peak stress; improved homogeneity contributes to higher peak stress and more stable results. In addition, the directionality and concentration of fibers have an important influence on the formation of final cracks; fiber agglomeration leads to the formation of local stress concentration regions, which cause cracks in these regions to propagate rapidly. This study further reveals the mechanism of the fiber agglomeration phenomenon in 3D-printed fiber-reinforced composites and provides a theoretical basis for optimizing printing processes and material mix designs in future research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34137,"journal":{"name":"Developments in the Built Environment","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 100806"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145939633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-11DOI: 10.1016/j.dibe.2025.100824
Li Ai , David Bianco , Vafa Soltangharaei , Rafal Anay , Mahmoud Bayat , Paul Ziehl
This research investigates different nondestructive evaluation (NDE) methods to assess concrete under alkali-silica reaction (ASR) development. Four methods including acoustic emission (AE), ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV), crack width measurement, and strain measurement were applied to reactive and control specimens under accelerated ASR conditioning. The innovation lies in using NDE methods to monitor concrete with varying aggregate sizes, quantifying method sensitivity through measured indices, and highlighting the effectiveness of each method to capture ASR development. The results indicate that the unconfined reactive fine-aggregate sample exhibited isotropic expansion, while coarse-aggregate specimens showed around 50 % greater longitudinal expansion and AE cumulative signal strength up to 3.2 times higher. Furthermore, the reinforcing effect was more significant in the reactive coarse aggregate samples compared to the reactive fine aggregate ones. The ASR detection effectiveness for the four methods is 67 % for AE, 51 % for strain measurement, 12 % for crack width measurement, and 1 % for UPV.
{"title":"Evaluating the impact of aggregate size and reinforcement on alkali-silica reaction in concrete through nondestructive testing techniques","authors":"Li Ai , David Bianco , Vafa Soltangharaei , Rafal Anay , Mahmoud Bayat , Paul Ziehl","doi":"10.1016/j.dibe.2025.100824","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dibe.2025.100824","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This research investigates different nondestructive evaluation (NDE) methods to assess concrete under alkali-silica reaction (ASR) development. Four methods including acoustic emission (AE), ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV), crack width measurement, and strain measurement were applied to reactive and control specimens under accelerated ASR conditioning. The innovation lies in using NDE methods to monitor concrete with varying aggregate sizes, quantifying method sensitivity through measured indices, and highlighting the effectiveness of each method to capture ASR development. The results indicate that the unconfined reactive fine-aggregate sample exhibited isotropic expansion, while coarse-aggregate specimens showed around 50 % greater longitudinal expansion and AE cumulative signal strength up to 3.2 times higher. Furthermore, the reinforcing effect was more significant in the reactive coarse aggregate samples compared to the reactive fine aggregate ones. The ASR detection effectiveness for the four methods is 67 % for AE, 51 % for strain measurement, 12 % for crack width measurement, and 1 % for UPV.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34137,"journal":{"name":"Developments in the Built Environment","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 100824"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145798726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-11DOI: 10.1016/j.dibe.2025.100823
Jiheum Han , Jewoo Choi , Hyo Seon Park
Elastic metamaterials have emerged as a promising approach for addressing vibration problems in engineering structures, yet practical devices and automated or optimized design methodologies for their frequency tuning remain insufficiently explored in the literature. Motivated by this gap, this study proposes a grid-shaped metamaterial and an automated layout optimization method for frequency tuning. The structure, composed of intersecting grid lines, attenuates structural vibrations through its dynamic interaction and enables intuitive frequency tuning owing to its small set of design variables. Numerical and experimental results confirmed that the optimized layouts effectively matched the target frequency, with errors below 0.3 %. The best configuration achieved a 58.95 % reduction in vibration amplitude. A parameter study revealed the influence of the numbers of rows and columns and the line thickness on the frequency. Overall, the study provides an efficient and practical pathway for tuning metamaterials for vibration mitigation.
{"title":"Layout optimization of the grid-shaped metamaterial-based resonators for frequency tuning","authors":"Jiheum Han , Jewoo Choi , Hyo Seon Park","doi":"10.1016/j.dibe.2025.100823","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dibe.2025.100823","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Elastic metamaterials have emerged as a promising approach for addressing vibration problems in engineering structures, yet practical devices and automated or optimized design methodologies for their frequency tuning remain insufficiently explored in the literature. Motivated by this gap, this study proposes a grid-shaped metamaterial and an automated layout optimization method for frequency tuning. The structure, composed of intersecting grid lines, attenuates structural vibrations through its dynamic interaction and enables intuitive frequency tuning owing to its small set of design variables. Numerical and experimental results confirmed that the optimized layouts effectively matched the target frequency, with errors below 0.3 %. The best configuration achieved a 58.95 % reduction in vibration amplitude. A parameter study revealed the influence of the numbers of rows and columns and the line thickness on the frequency. Overall, the study provides an efficient and practical pathway for tuning metamaterials for vibration mitigation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34137,"journal":{"name":"Developments in the Built Environment","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 100823"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145750024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-10DOI: 10.1016/j.dibe.2025.100822
Shanshan Li , Jianying Yu , Ren Wei , Rui Li , Anand Sreeram , Xiong Xu
Recycling waste SBS-modified asphalt (SBSMA) is crucial, yet conventional oil-based rejuvenators severely compromise its high-temperature deformation resistance, limiting its reuse in pavements. The study proposed a new reaction-rejuvenation approach through combining reactive chemicals of 1,4-butanediol diglycidyl ether (BUDGE) and pre-polymerized polyurethane (Pre-PU) with physical rejuvenator of heat transfer oil (HTO) residue to reach the performance optimization of reaction-rejuvenated SBSMA (RRSBSMA) binder. Comprehensive evaluation of the rejuvenated binder's physical and rheological properties demonstrates that this method successfully balances performance. The reactive chemicals effectively mitigate the decline in high-temperature stability, while the HTO residue appropriately improves workability. Mechanism analysis revealed that the chemicals form a rigid, gel-like molecular structure. This network maintains a high modulus, providing excellent rutting resistance—confirmed by complex modulus and accumulated strain results—while simultaneously absorbing the softening HTO residue. This breakthrough enables the high-performance recycling of waste SBSMA, advancing the development of more durable and sustainable asphalt pavements.
{"title":"Innovative reaction-rejuvenation of aged SBS modified asphalt binder: From physico-rheological behavior to rejuvenation mechanism","authors":"Shanshan Li , Jianying Yu , Ren Wei , Rui Li , Anand Sreeram , Xiong Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.dibe.2025.100822","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dibe.2025.100822","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Recycling waste SBS-modified asphalt (SBSMA) is crucial, yet conventional oil-based rejuvenators severely compromise its high-temperature deformation resistance, limiting its reuse in pavements. The study proposed a new reaction-rejuvenation approach through combining reactive chemicals of 1,4-butanediol diglycidyl ether (BUDGE) and pre-polymerized polyurethane (Pre-PU) with physical rejuvenator of heat transfer oil (HTO) residue to reach the performance optimization of reaction-rejuvenated SBSMA (RRSBSMA) binder. Comprehensive evaluation of the rejuvenated binder's physical and rheological properties demonstrates that this method successfully balances performance. The reactive chemicals effectively mitigate the decline in high-temperature stability, while the HTO residue appropriately improves workability. Mechanism analysis revealed that the chemicals form a rigid, gel-like molecular structure. This network maintains a high modulus, providing excellent rutting resistance—confirmed by complex modulus and accumulated strain results—while simultaneously absorbing the softening HTO residue. This breakthrough enables the high-performance recycling of waste SBSMA, advancing the development of more durable and sustainable asphalt pavements.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34137,"journal":{"name":"Developments in the Built Environment","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 100822"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145798725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-02DOI: 10.1016/j.dibe.2025.100815
Haoze Chen , Libo Yan , Junaid Ajaz Dand
Timber construction offers significant environmental advantages, and the recent rise of timber buildings, culminating in record-setting high-rises, demonstrates a growing trend toward tall timber structures. However, the low self-weight of timber material makes high-rise timber buildings particularly vulnerable to wind-induced vibrations, which often governs design. Compounding this challenge, the principal design codes and criteria do not offer comprehensive, specific provisions for combined wind-vibration effects from the perspective of timber building. This study aims to 1) evaluate design of timber buildings against wind-induced vibration to provide practical guidance, 2) catalogs current serviceability criteria (i.e. ISO 10137, ISO 6897, AIJ-Guidelines, NBCC-Guidelines, ASCE 7–22, AS/NZS 1170.0 and 1170.2, Eurocode 5) for wind-generated accelerations and displacements of buildings, 3) identify gaps of wind-induced vibration design methods outlined in leading international codes (i.e. Eurocode 1–4, ASCE 7–22, AIJ-RBL, NBCC, AS/NZS 1170.2) from regions actively engaged in timber construction, and 4) analyze the wind-design strategies employed in five completed high-rise timber building projects. Results show that current code methods are constrained by simplified assumptions with strict requirement on building dimensions and profile, lacking timber-specific parameters, e.g. damping and natural frequency. Existing codes do not yet provide sufficiently comprehensive methods for evaluating combined vibration effects, and most realized projects have only partially considered the serviceability requirements, which, although, are not mandatory in current design practice. By integrating these criteria, highlighting the limitations of existing codes, and drawing lessons from existing tall timber structures, this study offers clear guidance for engineers seeking to evaluate and mitigate wind-induced vibrations of timber buildings, thereby supporting the reliable design of future high-rise timber buildings.
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