Pub Date : 2025-07-15DOI: 10.1016/j.oceram.2025.100825
Abel W. Ourgessa , Ahmed Gamal Abd-Elsatar , Mokhtar Mahmoud , Hamada Elsayed , Jozef Kraxner , Dusan Galusek , Enrico Bernardo
This study explores the upcycling of glass waste into sustainable materials using additive manufacturing. The direct ink writing technique was used to 3D print structures from waste fiberglass activated with 3 M or 5 M NaOH. All inks showed shear-thinning behavior after 3 h of mixing, ensuring good printability. Printed structure with 5 M NaOH achieved higher compressive strength (5.2 MPa). Incorporation of glass microsphere fillers, synthesized from waste soda-lime glass via flame synthesis, improved print quality and reduced density. The printed structures displayed good layer adhesion and defect-free morphology. Thermal treatment at 800 °C produced porous glass ceramics with a foaming effect. Low molarity and microsphere incorporation minimized foaming while preserving the 3D structure. Final products had porosities of 88–93 %, bulk densities of 0.17–0.3 g/cm³, and compressive strengths of 1.6–3.2 MPa, demonstrating their potential as lightweight, sustainable building materials.
本研究探讨了利用增材制造将玻璃废料升级为可持续材料的方法。利用直接墨水书写技术，利用3 M或5 M NaOH活化的废玻璃纤维进行3D打印结构。混合3 h后，所有油墨都表现出剪切变薄的行为，保证了良好的印刷适性。5 M NaOH的印刷结构具有较高的抗压强度（5.2 MPa）。加入由废钠石灰玻璃通过火焰合成合成的玻璃微球填料，提高了印刷质量，降低了密度。打印结构具有良好的层附着性和无缺陷形貌。在800°C下热处理产生多孔玻璃陶瓷，具有发泡效果。低摩尔浓度和微球掺入最小化发泡，同时保留三维结构。最终产品的孔隙率为88 - 93%，容重为0.17-0.3 g/cm³，抗压强度为1.6-3.2 MPa，显示出其作为轻质可持续建筑材料的潜力。
{"title":"Direct ink writing of lightweight 3D structures from alkali-activated waste fiberglass and glass microsphere fillers","authors":"Abel W. Ourgessa , Ahmed Gamal Abd-Elsatar , Mokhtar Mahmoud , Hamada Elsayed , Jozef Kraxner , Dusan Galusek , Enrico Bernardo","doi":"10.1016/j.oceram.2025.100825","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oceram.2025.100825","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study explores the upcycling of glass waste into sustainable materials using additive manufacturing. The direct ink writing technique was used to 3D print structures from waste fiberglass activated with 3 M or 5 M NaOH. All inks showed shear-thinning behavior after 3 h of mixing, ensuring good printability. Printed structure with 5 M NaOH achieved higher compressive strength (5.2 MPa). Incorporation of glass microsphere fillers, synthesized from waste soda-lime glass via flame synthesis, improved print quality and reduced density. The printed structures displayed good layer adhesion and defect-free morphology. Thermal treatment at 800 °C produced porous glass ceramics with a foaming effect. Low molarity and microsphere incorporation minimized foaming while preserving the 3D structure. Final products had porosities of 88–93 %, bulk densities of 0.17–0.3 g/cm³, and compressive strengths of 1.6–3.2 MPa, demonstrating their potential as lightweight, sustainable building materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34140,"journal":{"name":"Open Ceramics","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 100825"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144663258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-07-06DOI: 10.1016/j.oceram.2025.100820
S. Udovenko , R. Graham , P. Tipsawat , M. Pineda , S. Trolier-McKinstry
Piezoelectric micromachined ultrasonic transducers (PMUTs) enable substantial electrically induced strains at low voltages. In this work a combination of Laser Doppler Vibrometry (LDV) and Mapping Single Beam Laser Interferometry (SBLI) was used to characterize PMUT displacement shapes at frequencies of 600 kHz and 1 kHz, respectively. Finite element modeling demonstrated excellent agreement with the displacements, once the device geometry was corrected to measured (rather than nominal) dimensions and appropriate boundary conditions were applied. Mapping SBLI was also used to characterize mechanical crosstalk at low frequencies, which is critical for evaluating PMUT performance. It was also demonstrated that driving one element induces bending of the PMUT substrate over dimensions on the 3 mm scale. The analysis of displacement profiles near the edges of released parts of PMUT structure revealed 150 μm transition regions between clamped and released areas. This reduced the active length (where displacement reaches its maximum values) of the PMUT by ∼4%.
{"title":"Surface displacements of a PMUT array: Interferometric characterization and mechanical crosstalk evaluation","authors":"S. Udovenko , R. Graham , P. Tipsawat , M. Pineda , S. Trolier-McKinstry","doi":"10.1016/j.oceram.2025.100820","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oceram.2025.100820","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Piezoelectric micromachined ultrasonic transducers (PMUTs) enable substantial electrically induced strains at low voltages. In this work a combination of Laser Doppler Vibrometry (LDV) and Mapping Single Beam Laser Interferometry (SBLI) was used to characterize PMUT displacement shapes at frequencies of 600 kHz and 1 kHz, respectively. Finite element modeling demonstrated excellent agreement with the displacements, once the device geometry was corrected to measured (rather than nominal) dimensions and appropriate boundary conditions were applied. Mapping SBLI was also used to characterize mechanical crosstalk at low frequencies, which is critical for evaluating PMUT performance. It was also demonstrated that driving one element induces bending of the PMUT substrate over dimensions on the 3 mm scale. The analysis of displacement profiles near the edges of released parts of PMUT structure revealed 150 μm transition regions between clamped and released areas. This reduced the active length (where displacement reaches its maximum values) of the PMUT by ∼4%.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34140,"journal":{"name":"Open Ceramics","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 100820"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144632282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-07-06DOI: 10.1016/j.oceram.2025.100824
Amine el Mahdi Safhi , Shima Pilehvar , Mahdi Kioumarsi
Dredging worldwide generates over 1 billion m³ of sediments annually, creating disposal and environmental challenges. Alkali-activated materials (AAMs) offer a circular pathway by converting dredged sediments (DS) into sustainable binders and aggregates. This review synthesizes 32 studies on DS-based AAMs, detailing sediments chemistry, pretreatment routes, mix-design strategies, performance, and field cases. Calcination or mechanochemical activation elevates DS reactivity, producing binders that achieve 28-day compressive strengths of 15–40 MPa and durable matrices resistant to sulfate, freeze–thaw, and carbonation. Processed DS sands can fully or partially replace natural fine aggregates while maintaining ≥25 MPa concrete strength. AAM matrices immobilize heavy metals, keeping leachate below inert-waste thresholds. Key knowledge gaps remain in standardized mix design, long-term durability, and regulatory acceptance. The review outlines research and policy priorities to scale DS-AAM technologies for low-carbon infrastructure.
{"title":"Review of advances and challenges in alkali-activated materials from dredged sediments","authors":"Amine el Mahdi Safhi , Shima Pilehvar , Mahdi Kioumarsi","doi":"10.1016/j.oceram.2025.100824","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oceram.2025.100824","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dredging worldwide generates over 1 billion m³ of sediments annually, creating disposal and environmental challenges. Alkali-activated materials (AAMs) offer a circular pathway by converting dredged sediments (DS) into sustainable binders and aggregates. This review synthesizes 32 studies on DS-based AAMs, detailing sediments chemistry, pretreatment routes, mix-design strategies, performance, and field cases. Calcination or mechanochemical activation elevates DS reactivity, producing binders that achieve 28-day compressive strengths of 15–40 MPa and durable matrices resistant to sulfate, freeze–thaw, and carbonation. Processed DS sands can fully or partially replace natural fine aggregates while maintaining ≥25 MPa concrete strength. AAM matrices immobilize heavy metals, keeping leachate below inert-waste thresholds. Key knowledge gaps remain in standardized mix design, long-term durability, and regulatory acceptance. The review outlines research and policy priorities to scale DS-AAM technologies for low-carbon infrastructure.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34140,"journal":{"name":"Open Ceramics","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 100824"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144587969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-07-05DOI: 10.1016/j.oceram.2025.100822
Guo Feng , Tiantian Liu , Jun Mu , Feng Jiang , Zhiqi Guo , Liangliang Xiao , Qian Wu , Xiaojun Zhang , Jianmin Liu , Jian Liang
Novel Co and Cr free, high-temperature (Ni, Mn) co-doping CuFe5O8 black ceramic pigments were synthesized. The effects of mineralizer type and mineralizer amount on the synthesis and coloration of (Ni, Mn) co-doping CuFe5O8 pigments, as well as the effect of glazing calcination temperature on glaze coloration were systematically investigated using testing and characterization methods such as XRD, FE-SEM, TEM, EDS-mapping, HAADF and colorimeter. The results indicate that compared with H3BO3, NH4F, LiF and NaF mineralizers, the pigment with MgO as the mineralizer is relatively better. The optimized mineralizer MgO amount is 6.25 wt.% (mass ratio relative to the pigment). L*, a* and b* values of corresponding optimized pigment are 21.36, 1.10 and -0.24, respectively. The crystal phase of the pigment is CuFe5O8 (73–2314), and no diffraction peak of the heterophase is detected. The crystal size of the pigments is 0.8–1.5 μm with excellent dispersivity. The glazing temperatures have little effect on the coloration of the pigments when they are used at 1000 °C, 1150 °C and 1300 °C. The results show that the pigment has excellent high temperature resistance and is expected to be widely used in high-temperature glazing coloration.
{"title":"Effect of mineralizer on the synthesis of (Ni, Mn) co-doping CuFe5O8 pigment and its glazing performance","authors":"Guo Feng , Tiantian Liu , Jun Mu , Feng Jiang , Zhiqi Guo , Liangliang Xiao , Qian Wu , Xiaojun Zhang , Jianmin Liu , Jian Liang","doi":"10.1016/j.oceram.2025.100822","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oceram.2025.100822","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Novel Co and Cr free, high-temperature (Ni, Mn) co-doping CuFe<sub>5</sub>O<sub>8</sub> black ceramic pigments were synthesized. The effects of mineralizer type and mineralizer amount on the synthesis and coloration of (Ni, Mn) co-doping CuFe<sub>5</sub>O<sub>8</sub> pigments, as well as the effect of glazing calcination temperature on glaze coloration were systematically investigated using testing and characterization methods such as XRD, FE-SEM, TEM, EDS-mapping, HAADF and colorimeter. The results indicate that compared with H<sub>3</sub>BO<sub>3</sub>, NH<sub>4</sub>F, LiF and NaF mineralizers, the pigment with MgO as the mineralizer is relatively better. The optimized mineralizer MgO amount is 6.25 wt.% (mass ratio relative to the pigment). <em>L</em>*, <em>a</em>* and <em>b</em>* values of corresponding optimized pigment are 21.36, 1.10 and -0.24, respectively. The crystal phase of the pigment is CuFe<sub>5</sub>O<sub>8</sub> (73–2314), and no diffraction peak of the heterophase is detected. The crystal size of the pigments is 0.8–1.5 <em>μ</em>m with excellent dispersivity. The glazing temperatures have little effect on the coloration of the pigments when they are used at 1000 °C, 1150 °C and 1300 °C. The results show that the pigment has excellent high temperature resistance and is expected to be widely used in high-temperature glazing coloration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34140,"journal":{"name":"Open Ceramics","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 100822"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144579789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-07-05DOI: 10.1016/j.oceram.2025.100823
Claudia Morilla Espino , Louise van der Weerd , Lioe-Fee de Geus-Oei , Jeroen JJP van den Beucken
Brushite calcium phosphate cements (bCPCs) are promising synthetic bone substitutes due to their bioactivity, osteoconductivity, and controlled degradation. However, their clinical use is limited by poor handling, low mechanical strength, and insufficient antimicrobial capability. This study explores the incorporation of α-tricalcium phosphate (α-TCP) and silk fibroin (SF) to enhance bCPC performance and enable localized antibiotic delivery using tetracycline (TC). Adding α-TCP improved compressive strength (up to 2.65 MPa), while SF in liquid or fiber form reinforced the matrix. The inclusion of TC and SF extended setting times (4–7 min initial; 7–30 min final) and maintained injectability (up to 50 %). Drug release studies showed a 10 % burst in the first 24 h, with a sustained release of 77 % over 14 days. These multifunctional bCPCs offer injectable, resorbable, and antibacterial properties, making them suitable for non-load-bearing bone repair applications.
{"title":"Compositional changes to brushite cements to improve mechanical and antibiotic-delivery properties","authors":"Claudia Morilla Espino , Louise van der Weerd , Lioe-Fee de Geus-Oei , Jeroen JJP van den Beucken","doi":"10.1016/j.oceram.2025.100823","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oceram.2025.100823","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Brushite calcium phosphate cements (bCPCs) are promising synthetic bone substitutes due to their bioactivity, osteoconductivity, and controlled degradation. However, their clinical use is limited by poor handling, low mechanical strength, and insufficient antimicrobial capability. This study explores the incorporation of α-tricalcium phosphate (α-TCP) and silk fibroin (SF) to enhance bCPC performance and enable localized antibiotic delivery using tetracycline (TC). Adding α-TCP improved compressive strength (up to 2.65 MPa), while SF in liquid or fiber form reinforced the matrix. The inclusion of TC and SF extended setting times (4–7 min initial; 7–30 min final) and maintained injectability (up to 50 %). Drug release studies showed a 10 % burst in the first 24 h, with a sustained release of 77 % over 14 days. These multifunctional bCPCs offer injectable, resorbable, and antibacterial properties, making them suitable for non-load-bearing bone repair applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34140,"journal":{"name":"Open Ceramics","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 100823"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144579788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-07-03DOI: 10.1016/j.oceram.2025.100821
Zhen Sang , Shuofei Zan , Le Li , Xiangyang Fu , Zhen Liu , Danni Chen , Xiaojuan Yuan , Pei Shi
To comparatively study the coloring mechanism of the celadon glaze of the four kilns in the Ru kiln system (i.e., Qingliangsi, Donggou, Yanhedian, and Duandian), samples obtained from these four kilns were examined. The glazes were analyzed by using chromaticity, XRF, XRD, XPS, and SEM/EDS. The results showed that the Fe2O3 content of the Yanhedian, Donggou, Duandian, and Qingliangsi specimens decreased successively, so their brightness successively increased. The presence of small and dense bubbles, more mullite crystals, and Mie scattering produced by the phase-separated structure also increased the brightness of the Qingliangsi glaze, giving it the milkiest texture. The Fe2+/Fe3+ ratio and P2O5 content of the Qingliangsi, Duandian, Donggou, and Yanhedian specimen glazes successively decreased. Therefore, their glaze color changed from greenish-blue to greenish-yellow, and the reducing atmosphere decreased successively. The higher CaO content of the Qingliangsi and Duandian glazes deepened their blue hue.
{"title":"Comparative study on the color characteristics of sky-green porcelain in the four kilns of a Ru kiln system from the Northern Song Dynasty","authors":"Zhen Sang , Shuofei Zan , Le Li , Xiangyang Fu , Zhen Liu , Danni Chen , Xiaojuan Yuan , Pei Shi","doi":"10.1016/j.oceram.2025.100821","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oceram.2025.100821","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To comparatively study the coloring mechanism of the celadon glaze of the four kilns in the Ru kiln system (i.e., Qingliangsi, Donggou, Yanhedian, and Duandian), samples obtained from these four kilns were examined. The glazes were analyzed by using chromaticity, XRF, XRD, XPS, and SEM/EDS. The results showed that the Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> content of the Yanhedian, Donggou, Duandian, and Qingliangsi specimens decreased successively<strong>,</strong> so their brightness successively increased. The presence of small and dense bubbles, more mullite crystals, and Mie scattering produced by the phase-separated structure also increased the brightness of the Qingliangsi glaze, giving it the milkiest texture. The Fe<sup>2+</sup>/Fe<sup>3+</sup> ratio and P<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> content of the Qingliangsi, Duandian, Donggou, and Yanhedian specimen glazes successively decreased. Therefore, their glaze color changed from greenish-blue to greenish-yellow, and the reducing atmosphere decreased successively. The higher CaO content of the Qingliangsi and Duandian glazes deepened their blue hue.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34140,"journal":{"name":"Open Ceramics","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 100821"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144570041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-25DOI: 10.1016/j.oceram.2025.100818
Jordan Stephen , Spencer Jeffs , Heungjae Choi , Adrian Porch
Ceramic Matrix Composites (CMCs) are used for high temperature structural engineering applications, such as those found within gas turbine engines. When operating in these environments they can undergo oxidation and damage that may not be easily detectable, emphasising the need for a non-invasive assessment approach that could detect such changes. In this research, we use a single mode microwave cavity for sensitive dielectric property measurement as a method of assessment for Silicon Carbide (SiC) CMC material. We have also used this method to characterise individual bundles of SiC fibres, to develop an understanding of the method. Environmental conditions are then applied to the CMC samples including a high temperature exposure at 800 °C, and humidity exposures followed by two different 800 °C reheat durations. Characterisation was performed on the pre- and post-exposed material to verify the severity of each exposure, both microstructurally and mechanically, to compare these with microwave dielectric property data.
{"title":"Dielectric property measurement of a SiCf/SiC ceramic matrix composite via microwave cavity characterisation","authors":"Jordan Stephen , Spencer Jeffs , Heungjae Choi , Adrian Porch","doi":"10.1016/j.oceram.2025.100818","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oceram.2025.100818","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ceramic Matrix Composites (CMCs) are used for high temperature structural engineering applications, such as those found within gas turbine engines. When operating in these environments they can undergo oxidation and damage that may not be easily detectable, emphasising the need for a non-invasive assessment approach that could detect such changes. In this research, we use a single mode microwave cavity for sensitive dielectric property measurement as a method of assessment for Silicon Carbide (SiC) CMC material. We have also used this method to characterise individual bundles of SiC fibres, to develop an understanding of the method. Environmental conditions are then applied to the CMC samples including a high temperature exposure at 800 °C, and humidity exposures followed by two different 800 °C reheat durations. Characterisation was performed on the pre- and post-exposed material to verify the severity of each exposure, both microstructurally and mechanically, to compare these with microwave dielectric property data.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34140,"journal":{"name":"Open Ceramics","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 100818"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144523993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-24DOI: 10.1016/j.oceram.2025.100817
Shah Mohammad Azam Rishad, Md. Ashraful Islam, Dipayan Mondal
Ultra-High Temperature Ceramic Matrix Composites (UHTCMCs) stand at the frontier of materials science, offering unparalleled resilience in extreme environments, such as aerospace propulsion, hypersonic vehicles, and advanced nuclear systems. The thermal stability, oxidation resistance, and mechanical durability of UHTCMCs—composed of refractory carbides, borides, and nitrides—are superior to those of conventional ceramics and composites. Recent innovations in fabrication techniques have shown promising results in improving the density, mechanical integrity, oxidation resistance, and uniform microstructures of UHTCMCs. However, challenges like incomplete densification, porosity, and thermal shock limitations still impede their broader application. This review explores the progression of UHTCMC fabrication, focusing on both traditional and hybrid techniques and evaluating their respective advantages and shortcomings. This work also focuses on how little changes in these methods have resulted in complicated multi-phase microstructures, which show a huge improvement in customizing the outstanding performance of UHTCMCs in harsh conditions. The discourse extends to identifying the suitable fabrication methods for meticulous applications and the ongoing efforts to overcome existing challenges in the world.
{"title":"Innovative fabrication pathways for ultra-high temperature ceramic matrix composites: Progress, properties enhancements and future perspectives","authors":"Shah Mohammad Azam Rishad, Md. Ashraful Islam, Dipayan Mondal","doi":"10.1016/j.oceram.2025.100817","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oceram.2025.100817","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ultra-High Temperature Ceramic Matrix Composites (UHTCMCs) stand at the frontier of materials science, offering unparalleled resilience in extreme environments, such as aerospace propulsion, hypersonic vehicles, and advanced nuclear systems. The thermal stability, oxidation resistance, and mechanical durability of UHTCMCs—composed of refractory carbides, borides, and nitrides—are superior to those of conventional ceramics and composites. Recent innovations in fabrication techniques have shown promising results in improving the density, mechanical integrity, oxidation resistance, and uniform microstructures of UHTCMCs. However, challenges like incomplete densification, porosity, and thermal shock limitations still impede their broader application. This review explores the progression of UHTCMC fabrication, focusing on both traditional and hybrid techniques and evaluating their respective advantages and shortcomings. This work also focuses on how little changes in these methods have resulted in complicated multi-phase microstructures, which show a huge improvement in customizing the outstanding performance of UHTCMCs in harsh conditions. The discourse extends to identifying the suitable fabrication methods for meticulous applications and the ongoing efforts to overcome existing challenges in the world.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34140,"journal":{"name":"Open Ceramics","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 100817"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144513847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In Additive Manufacturing, “printability” describes the ability to shape a functional 3D object from a starting material. This concept is not easy to define because it depends on several factors including material considerations (microstructure and rheological properties), as well as process parameters that cannot be evaluated by a single metric. Some printability criteria have been proposed to classify and map the rheological properties of DIW inks. However, these criteria fail to capture all the relevant rheological aspects, and to consider DIW system technical specifications, processing parameters, and final part properties, while rheological characterisation methods remain inconsistent and lack standardisation. This review tackles this gap in the field by providing an overview of literature investigating the links between rheological properties and printability for ceramics DIW. Based on recent findings, we present an overview of specific rheological tests and parameters that correlate with printing behaviour to achieve high-quality outcomes in ceramic 3D printing.
{"title":"Advances and obstacles to unify the concept of “printability” in Ceramics Direct Ink Writing","authors":"Mathilde Maillard , Sylvain Fournier , Esther García-Tuñón , Edwin-Joffrey Courtial","doi":"10.1016/j.oceram.2025.100808","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oceram.2025.100808","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In Additive Manufacturing, “printability” describes the ability to shape a functional 3D object from a starting material. This concept is not easy to define because it depends on several factors including material considerations (microstructure and rheological properties), as well as process parameters that cannot be evaluated by a single metric. Some printability criteria have been proposed to classify and map the rheological properties of DIW inks. However, these criteria fail to capture all the relevant rheological aspects, and to consider DIW system technical specifications, processing parameters, and final part properties, while rheological characterisation methods remain inconsistent and lack standardisation. This review tackles this gap in the field by providing an overview of literature investigating the links between rheological properties and printability for ceramics DIW. Based on recent findings, we present an overview of specific rheological tests and parameters that correlate with printing behaviour to achieve high-quality outcomes in ceramic 3D printing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34140,"journal":{"name":"Open Ceramics","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 100808"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144365147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-16DOI: 10.1016/j.oceram.2025.100802
Monica Ferraris , Manuela De Maddis , Dario Basile , Khurshid Aliev , Dario Alidoost , Alessandro Benelli , Stefano De La Pierre , Valentina Casalegno , Marion Herrmann , Shuigen Huang , Jef Vleugels , Christophe Lorrette , Cédric Sauder , Konstantina Lambrinou
Silicon carbide (SiC) is a high-performance ceramic renowned for its excellent strength, thermal stability, and corrosion resistance, making it highly critical for advanced applications. Yet, achieving reliable joints remains challenging, especially given the need for localized heating rather than bulk heating of an entire SiC component. Laser-assisted joining has emerged as a promising alternative, offering the advantages of localized heating, rapid processing without the need for pressure, and precise energy control that significantly minimizes impact on adjacent materials. This study examines the feasibility of using two different infrared diode lasers for pressure-less, localized joining of SiC/SiC tubes to SiC/SiC end-plugs. The results are compared with those obtained using conventional furnaces. A silica-alumina-yttria-based glass is utilized as the joining material. The morphology, microstructure, and mechanical strength of the joints are analyzed, with strength evaluated through push tests designed to detach the end-plug from the tube.
{"title":"Laser assisted joining of SiC/SiC for nuclear applications","authors":"Monica Ferraris , Manuela De Maddis , Dario Basile , Khurshid Aliev , Dario Alidoost , Alessandro Benelli , Stefano De La Pierre , Valentina Casalegno , Marion Herrmann , Shuigen Huang , Jef Vleugels , Christophe Lorrette , Cédric Sauder , Konstantina Lambrinou","doi":"10.1016/j.oceram.2025.100802","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oceram.2025.100802","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Silicon carbide (SiC) is a high-performance ceramic renowned for its excellent strength, thermal stability, and corrosion resistance, making it highly critical for advanced applications. Yet, achieving reliable joints remains challenging, especially given the need for localized heating rather than bulk heating of an entire SiC component. Laser-assisted joining has emerged as a promising alternative, offering the advantages of localized heating, rapid processing without the need for pressure, and precise energy control that significantly minimizes impact on adjacent materials. This study examines the feasibility of using two different infrared diode lasers for pressure-less, localized joining of SiC/SiC tubes to SiC/SiC end-plugs. The results are compared with those obtained using conventional furnaces. A silica-alumina-yttria-based glass is utilized as the joining material. The morphology, microstructure, and mechanical strength of the joints are analyzed, with strength evaluated through push tests designed to detach the end-plug from the tube.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34140,"journal":{"name":"Open Ceramics","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 100802"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144313098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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