Pub Date : 2025-09-13DOI: 10.1016/j.oceram.2025.100846
Marco Pelanconi , Samuele Bottacin , Mario Caccia , Alberto Ortona , Yawei Li
Silicon nitride is a high-performance ceramic recognized for its mechanical, thermal, and chemical stability at elevated temperatures. In this study, we present a novel method to fabricate macroporous Si₃N₄ ceramics via powder bed fusion of polyamide mixed with 0-40 vol% of crystalline Si₃N₄ powder. The printed preforms were subsequently infiltrated with a polysilazane polymer and pyrolyzed to form SiCN(O) matrices containing β-Si₃N₄ particles. A rotated cube lattice was selected as a benchmark geometry and scaled to compensate for shrinkage. The effects of ceramic filler content on densification, microstructure, strength, and oxidation resistance at 1500 °C were investigated. Increasing β-Si₃N₄ content improved the relative density, compressive strength, and thermal stability of the final ceramics. Particularly, 20–40 vol% Si₃N₄ enhanced oxidation resistance by forming a protective silica-rich surface layer and stabilizing the underlying structure. This study highlights an effective strategy to tailor the high-temperature behaviour of polymer-derived ceramics for advanced structural applications.
{"title":"Effect of crystalline Si3N4 fillers on the mechanical strength and thermal stability of complex SiCN(O) ceramic architectures produced by powder bed fusion and densified via polymer infiltration and pyrolysis","authors":"Marco Pelanconi , Samuele Bottacin , Mario Caccia , Alberto Ortona , Yawei Li","doi":"10.1016/j.oceram.2025.100846","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oceram.2025.100846","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Silicon nitride is a high-performance ceramic recognized for its mechanical, thermal, and chemical stability at elevated temperatures. In this study, we present a novel method to fabricate macroporous Si₃N₄ ceramics via powder bed fusion of polyamide mixed with 0-40 vol% of crystalline Si₃N₄ powder. The printed preforms were subsequently infiltrated with a polysilazane polymer and pyrolyzed to form SiCN(O) matrices containing β-Si₃N₄ particles. A rotated cube lattice was selected as a benchmark geometry and scaled to compensate for shrinkage. The effects of ceramic filler content on densification, microstructure, strength, and oxidation resistance at 1500 °C were investigated. Increasing β-Si₃N₄ content improved the relative density, compressive strength, and thermal stability of the final ceramics. Particularly, 20–40 vol% Si₃N₄ enhanced oxidation resistance by forming a protective silica-rich surface layer and stabilizing the underlying structure. This study highlights an effective strategy to tailor the high-temperature behaviour of polymer-derived ceramics for advanced structural applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34140,"journal":{"name":"Open Ceramics","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100846"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145158913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-09DOI: 10.1016/j.oceram.2025.100845
Belinda B. Faustino , Reynaldo M. Vequizo , Rolando T. Candidato Jr.
This study reports the microstructural characteristics and adsorption properties for heavy metal ions of the surface-modified Philippine natural zeolite (MPNZ) and magnetically functionalized Philippine natural zeolite (PNZM) composite. SEM analysis confirmed the presence of magnetite particles dispersed on PNZM, making its surface rougher and irregular while retaining its porous structure. X-ray diffractogram revealed distinct peaks corresponding to the spinel crystalline structure of magnetite and the aluminosilicate structure of the zeolite framework, suggesting a well-integrated composite material. BET analysis showed an increase in the surface area of MPNZ from 33.876 m2/g to 45.052 m2/g after adding magnetite. EDS characterization verified the strong presence of Fe+ ions in the PNZM structure, enhancing its cation-exchange capacity (CEC). The Si/Al ratio of MPNZ decreased from 3.75 to 3.37, indicating a more negative charge, supported by zeta potential results that showed surface charges of (-)12.200 for MPNZ to (-) 20.854 mV for PNZM. In single ion solutions, PNZM obtained a removal uptake of 98.85 %, 99.99 % and 99.48 % for Ni2+, Cu2+and Zn2+ respectively, which are higher than MPNZ. In mixed-ion solutions, PNZM also showed improved adsorption with removal rates of 91.17 % for Ni2+ and 97.90 % for Cu2+, although Zn2+ uptake decreased to 97.98 % compared to the 99.99 % of MPNZ. Overall, incorporating magnetite has functionalized the ability of PNZM for sustainable water treatment by removing heavy metal ions through the synergistic mechanism of ion-exchange and Coulombic electrostatic interactions.
{"title":"Microstructure and adsorption studies on the simultaneous removal of Cu2+, Ni2+, and Zn2+ from simulated wastewater using magnetically functionalized Philippine natural zeolite composite","authors":"Belinda B. Faustino , Reynaldo M. Vequizo , Rolando T. Candidato Jr.","doi":"10.1016/j.oceram.2025.100845","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oceram.2025.100845","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study reports the microstructural characteristics and adsorption properties for heavy metal ions of the surface-modified Philippine natural zeolite (MPNZ) and magnetically functionalized Philippine natural zeolite (PNZM) composite. SEM analysis confirmed the presence of magnetite particles dispersed on PNZM, making its surface rougher and irregular while retaining its porous structure. X-ray diffractogram revealed distinct peaks corresponding to the spinel crystalline structure of magnetite and the aluminosilicate structure of the zeolite framework, suggesting a well-integrated composite material. BET analysis showed an increase in the surface area of MPNZ from 33.876 m<sup>2</sup>/g to 45.052 m<sup>2</sup>/g after adding magnetite. EDS characterization verified the strong presence of Fe<sup>+</sup> ions in the PNZM structure, enhancing its cation-exchange capacity (CEC). The Si/Al ratio of MPNZ decreased from 3.75 to 3.37, indicating a more negative charge, supported by zeta potential results that showed surface charges of (-)12.200 for MPNZ to (-) 20.854 mV for PNZM. In single ion solutions, PNZM obtained a removal uptake of 98.85 %, 99.99 % and 99.48 % for Ni<sup>2+</sup>, Cu<sup>2+</sup>and Zn<sup>2+</sup> respectively, which are higher than MPNZ. In mixed-ion solutions, PNZM also showed improved adsorption with removal rates of 91.17 % for Ni<sup>2+</sup> and 97.90 % for Cu<sup>2+</sup>, although Zn<sup>2+</sup> uptake decreased to 97.98 % compared to the 99.99 % of MPNZ. Overall, incorporating magnetite has functionalized the ability of PNZM for sustainable water treatment by removing heavy metal ions through the synergistic mechanism of ion-exchange and Coulombic electrostatic interactions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34140,"journal":{"name":"Open Ceramics","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100845"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145061266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-09DOI: 10.1016/j.oceram.2025.100844
Anna Imrichová , Patrik Sokola , Jiří Másilko , Marek Baláš , Vladislav Cába , Kateřina Karásková , Jiří Švec , Petr Ptáček
The capture of carbon dioxide (CO2) is a critical technology for addressing climate change and sustainability objectives. In this study, the performance of natural dolomite as an effective sorbent for repeated CO2 capture was evaluated. The results suggested that an optimal calcination temperature of 850 °C was beneficial for minimizing surface sintering of the dolomite, thereby facilitating effective decarbonation. Breakthrough curve analysis was conducted to evaluate the dynamic adsorption performance of dolomite at varying CO2 concentrations (10 %, 12 %, and 16 %). To assess the progress of gas adsorption onto regenerated dolomite, an innovative method of curve fitting using the modified Avrami equation was employed, which provided three essential parameters for the adsorption process: retention time, rate constant, and Avrami coefficient. A steady decrease in breakthrough time and adsorption efficiency was found to be correlated with sintering and surface area loss. The maximum CO2 adsorption capacity was achieved during the second or third cycle for all three measured CO2 concentrations; however, performance gradually deteriorated in subsequent cycles due to surface sintering and a reduction in specific surface area. TPD and BET analyses supported the conclusion that the surface area decreased with repeated regeneration, and the basic active sites were reduced.
{"title":"The study of natural dolomite as a prospective material for CO2 capture employing a novel approach to the evaluation of breakthrough curves","authors":"Anna Imrichová , Patrik Sokola , Jiří Másilko , Marek Baláš , Vladislav Cába , Kateřina Karásková , Jiří Švec , Petr Ptáček","doi":"10.1016/j.oceram.2025.100844","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oceram.2025.100844","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The capture of carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) is a critical technology for addressing climate change and sustainability objectives. In this study, the performance of natural dolomite as an effective sorbent for repeated CO<sub>2</sub> capture was evaluated. The results suggested that an optimal calcination temperature of 850 °C was beneficial for minimizing surface sintering of the dolomite, thereby facilitating effective decarbonation. Breakthrough curve analysis was conducted to evaluate the dynamic adsorption performance of dolomite at varying CO<sub>2</sub> concentrations (10 %, 12 %, and 16 %). To assess the progress of gas adsorption onto regenerated dolomite, an innovative method of curve fitting using the modified Avrami equation was employed, which provided three essential parameters for the adsorption process: retention time, rate constant, and Avrami coefficient. A steady decrease in breakthrough time and adsorption efficiency was found to be correlated with sintering and surface area loss. The maximum CO<sub>2</sub> adsorption capacity was achieved during the second or third cycle for all three measured CO<sub>2</sub> concentrations; however, performance gradually deteriorated in subsequent cycles due to surface sintering and a reduction in specific surface area. TPD and BET analyses supported the conclusion that the surface area decreased with repeated regeneration, and the basic active sites were reduced.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34140,"journal":{"name":"Open Ceramics","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100844"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145047584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-03DOI: 10.1016/j.oceram.2025.100842
Chengjian Li , Frank Kern , Lianmeng Liu , Christopher Parr , Andreas Börger , Chunfeng Liu
Garnet-type Li₇La₃Zr₂O₁₂ (LLZO) is a promising solid electrolyte for all-solid-state batteries due to its high ionic conductivity and excellent thermal stability. However, production of high performance LLZO remains constrained by the reliance on high-purity reagents and complex synthesis routes. This study presents a cost-effective strategy to prepare high-performance Ta- and Nb-doped LLZO using commercially sourced raw materials via conventional solid-state reaction. Two lithium precursors, Li2CO3 and LiOH·H₂O, were systematically compared to evaluate their impacts on formation and performances of LLZO. LiOH-derived powders showed higher phase purity and finer morphology, while Li2CO3-derived powders offered better processability. While the LLZNO-LOH sample achieved 94.4% relative density and 0.78 × 10⁻3 S/cm conductivity, LLZTO-LCO also reached 0.75 × 10⁻3 S/cm with a relative density of 94.1%. All sintered samples exhibited phase-pure cubic garnet structures. These findings demonstrate the industrial feasibility of LLZO production, paving the way for its practical deployment in next-generation solid-state batteries.
{"title":"Synthesis and characterization of LLZNO & LLZTO: Insights into the impact of different lithium precursors on properties","authors":"Chengjian Li , Frank Kern , Lianmeng Liu , Christopher Parr , Andreas Börger , Chunfeng Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.oceram.2025.100842","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oceram.2025.100842","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Garnet-type Li₇La₃Zr₂O₁₂ (LLZO) is a promising solid electrolyte for all-solid-state batteries due to its high ionic conductivity and excellent thermal stability. However, production of high performance LLZO remains constrained by the reliance on high-purity reagents and complex synthesis routes. This study presents a cost-effective strategy to prepare high-performance Ta- and Nb-doped LLZO using commercially sourced raw materials via conventional solid-state reaction. Two lithium precursors, Li<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub> and LiOH·H₂O, were systematically compared to evaluate their impacts on formation and performances of LLZO. LiOH-derived powders showed higher phase purity and finer morphology, while Li<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub>-derived powders offered better processability. While the LLZNO-LOH sample achieved 94.4% relative density and 0.78 × 10⁻<sup>3</sup> S/cm conductivity, LLZTO-LCO also reached 0.75 × 10⁻<sup>3</sup> S/cm with a relative density of 94.1%. All sintered samples exhibited phase-pure cubic garnet structures. These findings demonstrate the industrial feasibility of LLZO production, paving the way for its practical deployment in next-generation solid-state batteries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34140,"journal":{"name":"Open Ceramics","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100842"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145047583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-01DOI: 10.1016/j.oceram.2025.100843
Azamat E. Ryskulov , Artem L. Kozlovskiy , Igor A. Ivanov , Inesh E. Kenzhina , Marina Konuhova
The work is devoted to the study of the processes of defect accumulation in the near-surface layer of BeO ceramics associated with irradiation with low-energy He2+ ions, as well as to the establishment of the role of temperature effects on changes in thermal conductivity. Identification of the role of temperature effects in acceleration of the processes of distortion and disordering of the near-surface layers is one of the key tasks, the solution of which will allow more accurate prediction of the behavior of materials under extreme conditions combining the effects of high temperatures and radiation damage. During assessment of changes in structural parameters depending on variations in irradiation conditions, anisotropic distortion of the crystal lattice, the degree of deformation of which has a direct relationship with the temperature effect, was established. It has been determined that an increase in the irradiation temperature leads to an acceleration of the processes of accumulation of deformation distortions, the growth of which in the damaged layer leads to a more pronounced destabilization and broadening of the damaged layer depth. Such changes are associated with the acceleration of the diffusion processes of point and vacancy defects, the migration of which leads not only to an increase in deformation distortions and amorphous inclusions, but also to an increase in the damaged layer thickness. During determination of changes in the concentration of vacancy and structural defects in the damaged layer, relationships between the concentration of oxygen vacancies and the degradation of thermal conductivity, the reduction of which is due to an increase in the effects of phonon scattering and a decrease in the rate of heat transfer, were established.
{"title":"Temperature effects of defect formation in BeO ceramics during helium blistering","authors":"Azamat E. Ryskulov , Artem L. Kozlovskiy , Igor A. Ivanov , Inesh E. Kenzhina , Marina Konuhova","doi":"10.1016/j.oceram.2025.100843","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oceram.2025.100843","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The work is devoted to the study of the processes of defect accumulation in the near-surface layer of BeO ceramics associated with irradiation with low-energy He<sup>2+</sup> ions, as well as to the establishment of the role of temperature effects on changes in thermal conductivity. Identification of the role of temperature effects in acceleration of the processes of distortion and disordering of the near-surface layers is one of the key tasks, the solution of which will allow more accurate prediction of the behavior of materials under extreme conditions combining the effects of high temperatures and radiation damage. During assessment of changes in structural parameters depending on variations in irradiation conditions, anisotropic distortion of the crystal lattice, the degree of deformation of which has a direct relationship with the temperature effect, was established. It has been determined that an increase in the irradiation temperature leads to an acceleration of the processes of accumulation of deformation distortions, the growth of which in the damaged layer leads to a more pronounced destabilization and broadening of the damaged layer depth. Such changes are associated with the acceleration of the diffusion processes of point and vacancy defects, the migration of which leads not only to an increase in deformation distortions and amorphous inclusions, but also to an increase in the damaged layer thickness. During determination of changes in the concentration of vacancy and structural defects in the damaged layer, relationships between the concentration of oxygen vacancies and the degradation of thermal conductivity, the reduction of which is due to an increase in the effects of phonon scattering and a decrease in the rate of heat transfer, were established.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34140,"journal":{"name":"Open Ceramics","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 100843"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145010397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The paper presents the results of experiments aimed at identification of the influence of variations in thermal sintering conditions on the phase transformation processes in multicomponent ceramics based on oxide compounds of cerium, tellurium, bismuth, tungsten and zinc. According to the data obtained, it was established that with the annealing temperature growth above 1000 °C, the observed growth of zinc tungstate inclusions is due to the processes of recrystallization of the ZnTeO3 and Bi₂WO₆ phases, which lead to the growth of grains of the ZnWO4 phase and the formation of glass-like inclusions that have a reinforcing effect. During the studies conducted it was determined that the formation of inclusions in the form of zinc tungstate in the composition of multicomponent ceramics, caused by the thermal effect of sintering, leads to an increase in the resistance of ceramics to external influences, and also enhances resistance to high-temperature destruction and hydrogenation processes. An analysis of the thermal insulation characteristics of the studied ceramics showed that the dominance of zinc tungstate inclusions in the composition of the ceramics leads to increased resistance to both the processes of destruction caused by hydrogenation and thermal aging, the long-term impact of which leads to increased destabilization of the strength properties of the ceramics and deterioration of thermal insulation.
{"title":"Determination of the prospects for the use of multicomponent composite ceramics as thermal barrier protective coatings","authors":"Ye.A. Kenzhin , D.I. Shlimas , A.M. Zikirina , A.L. Kozlovskiy","doi":"10.1016/j.oceram.2025.100838","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oceram.2025.100838","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The paper presents the results of experiments aimed at identification of the influence of variations in thermal sintering conditions on the phase transformation processes in multicomponent ceramics based on oxide compounds of cerium, tellurium, bismuth, tungsten and zinc. According to the data obtained, it was established that with the annealing temperature growth above 1000 °C, the observed growth of zinc tungstate inclusions is due to the processes of recrystallization of the ZnTeO<sub>3</sub> and Bi₂WO₆ phases, which lead to the growth of grains of the ZnWO<sub>4</sub> phase and the formation of glass-like inclusions that have a reinforcing effect. During the studies conducted it was determined that the formation of inclusions in the form of zinc tungstate in the composition of multicomponent ceramics, caused by the thermal effect of sintering, leads to an increase in the resistance of ceramics to external influences, and also enhances resistance to high-temperature destruction and hydrogenation processes. An analysis of the thermal insulation characteristics of the studied ceramics showed that the dominance of zinc tungstate inclusions in the composition of the ceramics leads to increased resistance to both the processes of destruction caused by hydrogenation and thermal aging, the long-term impact of which leads to increased destabilization of the strength properties of the ceramics and deterioration of thermal insulation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34140,"journal":{"name":"Open Ceramics","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 100838"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145010402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-01DOI: 10.1016/j.oceram.2025.100839
Rajat Chaudhary , Jonathan Selorm Degbedzui , Mattia Biesuz , Gian Domenico Sorarù
Cellular SiOC(N) ceramics were produced by impregnating a 3D-printed TPU lattice with polysilazane, followed by pyrolysis in an inert atmosphere. During pyrolysis, TPU decomposes while polysilazane converts to ceramic. The process was analyzed across the full temperature range via weight loss, shrinkage, density, porosity, specific surface area, FTIR and Vickers hardness.
TPU decomposes between 380 and 550 °C with significant weight loss, while ceramization of polysilazane occurs between 550 and 800 °C, forming SiOC(N). Transient micro- and mesoporosity develops only at 600–700 °C. Skeletal density and hardness increase steadily up to 1200 °C.
{"title":"Structural and microstructural evolution of fused filament fabricated SiOC(N) via polymer-derived ceramics route","authors":"Rajat Chaudhary , Jonathan Selorm Degbedzui , Mattia Biesuz , Gian Domenico Sorarù","doi":"10.1016/j.oceram.2025.100839","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oceram.2025.100839","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cellular SiOC(N) ceramics were produced by impregnating a 3D-printed TPU lattice with polysilazane, followed by pyrolysis in an inert atmosphere. During pyrolysis, TPU decomposes while polysilazane converts to ceramic. The process was analyzed across the full temperature range via weight loss, shrinkage, density, porosity, specific surface area, FTIR and Vickers hardness.</div><div>TPU decomposes between 380 and 550 °C with significant weight loss, while ceramization of polysilazane occurs between 550 and 800 °C, forming SiOC(N). Transient micro- and mesoporosity develops only at 600–700 °C. Skeletal density and hardness increase steadily up to 1200 °C.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34140,"journal":{"name":"Open Ceramics","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 100839"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144931884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-01DOI: 10.1016/j.oceram.2025.100841
Ondřej Jankovský , Petr Lodňánek , Anna-Marie Lauermannová , Adéla Jiříčková , Jozef Vlček , Hana Ovčačíková , Michaela Topinková , Petra Maierová , Jiří Fiedor , Petr Miarka , Martina Záleská , Adam Pivák , Milena Pavlíková , Zbyšek Pavlík
In response to the global demand for CO2 emissions reduction, Portland cement (PC) replacement with more eco-friendly materials has been focused on in material studies. One of the studied alternatives is magnesium oxychloride cement (MOC), which offers excellent mechanical properties and lower production temperatures. The ecological impact of MOC alone is significant, but if we incorporate waste material as a filler replacement in MOC composites, we can decrease overall emissions even more. In this paper, we focused on the development of an eco-friendly material with a safely incorporated ladle furnace slag (SL). Firstly, the SL was characterized by numerous analytical methods (XRF, XRD, SEM, EDS, STA-MS) to attain knowledge about its elemental and phase composition. In the following step, MOC composite materials with SL used as a silica sand partial replacement were prepared by casting. Such prepared materials were then characterized by XRF, XRD, SEM, EDS, and MIP. Furthermore, their structural and mechanical properties were assessed. Based on the obtained results, an optimized composition of mixtures was used for 3D printing to demonstrate the suitability of this material for this purpose. Finally, X-ray computed micro-tomography imaging was used to study the quality of printed cubes, in particular porosity and the amount of macroscopic defects. This paper presents an innovative approach in which waste SL from steel production can replace silica sand filler in significant quantities, demonstrating that such a designed material is suitable for additive manufacturing.
{"title":"Use of ladle furnace slag as filler replacement in magnesium oxychloride cement: Towards sustainable 3D-printable building composites","authors":"Ondřej Jankovský , Petr Lodňánek , Anna-Marie Lauermannová , Adéla Jiříčková , Jozef Vlček , Hana Ovčačíková , Michaela Topinková , Petra Maierová , Jiří Fiedor , Petr Miarka , Martina Záleská , Adam Pivák , Milena Pavlíková , Zbyšek Pavlík","doi":"10.1016/j.oceram.2025.100841","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oceram.2025.100841","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In response to the global demand for CO<sub>2</sub> emissions reduction, Portland cement (PC) replacement with more eco-friendly materials has been focused on in material studies. One of the studied alternatives is magnesium oxychloride cement (MOC), which offers excellent mechanical properties and lower production temperatures. The ecological impact of MOC alone is significant, but if we incorporate waste material as a filler replacement in MOC composites, we can decrease overall emissions even more. In this paper, we focused on the development of an eco-friendly material with a safely incorporated ladle furnace slag (SL). Firstly, the SL was characterized by numerous analytical methods (XRF, XRD, SEM, EDS, STA-MS) to attain knowledge about its elemental and phase composition. In the following step, MOC composite materials with SL used as a silica sand partial replacement were prepared by casting. Such prepared materials were then characterized by XRF, XRD, SEM, EDS, and MIP. Furthermore, their structural and mechanical properties were assessed. Based on the obtained results, an optimized composition of mixtures was used for 3D printing to demonstrate the suitability of this material for this purpose. Finally, X-ray computed micro-tomography imaging was used to study the quality of printed cubes, in particular porosity and the amount of macroscopic defects. This paper presents an innovative approach in which waste SL from steel production can replace silica sand filler in significant quantities, demonstrating that such a designed material is suitable for additive manufacturing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34140,"journal":{"name":"Open Ceramics","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 100841"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144931885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-29DOI: 10.1016/j.oceram.2025.100840
Abdien Y. Khalafallah , Mohamed A. Siddig , Abdullah Ahmed A Alghamdi , Obaidallah A. Algethami , Abdulraoof I.A. Ali , Rafat M. Ibrahim , Hassan H.E. Idris , Elsammani A. Shokralla
Structural, optical, and magnetic characteristics of ferrite compounds with formula of Zn0.5NixCo0.5-xFe2O4 (where x varies from 0.0 to 0.4) were prepared with the sol-gel synthesis method. Analysis using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy indicated cubic spinel structure. Notably, the crystallite size showed to be decreased from 60.25 nm to 15.85 nm as Ni content increased, accompanied by enhancements of both volume and density. Optical assessments using UV–visible spectroscopy demonstrated reduction in absorbance values from 1.01 a.u. to 0.32 a.u. A slight increase observed in the energy band gap from 5.664 to 5.684 eV with increasing Ni substitution. The magnetic properties were influenced by the replacement of Ni+2 with Co+2 exhibiting superparamagnetic behavior, with coercivity values ranging from 26.422 to 126.680 Oe and saturation magnetization peaking at x = 0.2 (33.239 emu/g). The magnetic behavior suggests that the Ni-doped nanoparticles are promising materials for applications in sensing, soft magnets, and hyperthermia treatments.
{"title":"Structural, optical, and magnetic properties of sol-gel method synthesized Zn0.5NixCo0.5-xFe2O4 nanoferrites","authors":"Abdien Y. Khalafallah , Mohamed A. Siddig , Abdullah Ahmed A Alghamdi , Obaidallah A. Algethami , Abdulraoof I.A. Ali , Rafat M. Ibrahim , Hassan H.E. Idris , Elsammani A. Shokralla","doi":"10.1016/j.oceram.2025.100840","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oceram.2025.100840","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Structural, optical, and magnetic characteristics of ferrite compounds with formula of Zn<sub>0.5</sub>Ni<sub>x</sub>Co<sub>0.5-x</sub>Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> (where x varies from 0.0 to 0.4) were prepared with the sol-gel synthesis method. Analysis using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy indicated cubic spinel structure. Notably, the crystallite size showed to be decreased from 60.25 nm to 15.85 nm as Ni content increased, accompanied by enhancements of both volume and density. Optical assessments using UV–visible spectroscopy demonstrated reduction in absorbance values from 1.01 a.u. to 0.32 a.u. A slight increase observed in the energy band gap from 5.664 to 5.684 eV with increasing Ni substitution. The magnetic properties were influenced by the replacement of Ni<sup>+2</sup> with Co<sup>+2</sup> exhibiting superparamagnetic behavior, with coercivity values ranging from 26.422 to 126.680 Oe and saturation magnetization peaking at <em>x</em> = 0.2 (33.239 emu/g). The magnetic behavior suggests that the Ni-doped nanoparticles are promising materials for applications in sensing, soft magnets, and hyperthermia treatments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34140,"journal":{"name":"Open Ceramics","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100840"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145020589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-18DOI: 10.1016/j.oceram.2025.100837
J.C. Müller-Elmau , A. Göbel , P. Junge , J.T. Müller , T.C. Rousseau , O. Görke , C. Nikasch , S. Kiliani
Environmental barrier coatings (EBC) are intended to protect alumina ceramic tiles in hot water vapor conditions, enabling gas turbines to operate with higher hydrogen content or even pure hydrogen. For these operating conditions, yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG) promises the highest protection against hydrolysis, which can be applied via atmospheric plasmaspraying (APS). To enhance the protection efficiency, the coating is combined with a prior infiltration of the base material. The obtained design acts as in-depth protection even if the coating exhibits cracks.
{"title":"Thermal cycling of YAG infiltration and plasma sprayed coatings as environmental barrier coating on ceramic heat shields for use in hydrogen operating gas turbines","authors":"J.C. Müller-Elmau , A. Göbel , P. Junge , J.T. Müller , T.C. Rousseau , O. Görke , C. Nikasch , S. Kiliani","doi":"10.1016/j.oceram.2025.100837","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oceram.2025.100837","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Environmental barrier coatings (EBC) are intended to protect alumina ceramic tiles in hot water vapor conditions, enabling gas turbines to operate with higher hydrogen content or even pure hydrogen. For these operating conditions, yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG) promises the highest protection against hydrolysis, which can be applied via atmospheric plasmaspraying (APS). To enhance the protection efficiency, the coating is combined with a prior infiltration of the base material. The obtained design acts as in-depth protection even if the coating exhibits cracks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34140,"journal":{"name":"Open Ceramics","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 100837"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144895446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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