Pub Date : 2025-08-18DOI: 10.1016/j.oceram.2025.100836
Amir Hossein Yousef Poor , Vahid Shirshahi , Zahra Sabouri , Majid Darroudi
In this study, zinc-doped lignin nanoparticles (Zn-doped lignin NPs) were synthesized from almond shell waste. The incorporation of Zn²⁺ into lignin NPs aimed to improve their physical, chemical, and biological properties. XRD patterns confirmed the amorphous nature of the doped nanoparticles. TEM and FESEM imaging revealed spherical NPs with an average diameter of 15.17 nm. The cytotoxicity of Zn-doped lignin NPs was assessed on the breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cell line, revealing significant toxicity with an IC50 value of approximately 364 μg/mL after 48 h. Additionally, agar diffusion tests showed that Zn-doped lignin NPs exhibited stronger antibacterial activity than pure lignin NPs against Acinetobacter baumannii (ATCC 19606 and clinical strains) and Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923 and clinical strains). Moreover, the photocatalytic effects demonstrated the high efficiency of Zn-doped lignin NPs in degrading organic dyes such as Rhodamine B (91%, RhB) and methylene blue (88 %, MB) under UV light.
{"title":"Innovative green synthesis of zinc-doped lignin nanoparticles from almond shell wastes: Examining photocatalytic, antibacterial, and cytotoxicity","authors":"Amir Hossein Yousef Poor , Vahid Shirshahi , Zahra Sabouri , Majid Darroudi","doi":"10.1016/j.oceram.2025.100836","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oceram.2025.100836","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, zinc-doped lignin nanoparticles (Zn-doped lignin NPs) were synthesized from almond shell waste. The incorporation of Zn²⁺ into lignin NPs aimed to improve their physical, chemical, and biological properties. XRD patterns confirmed the amorphous nature of the doped nanoparticles. TEM and FESEM imaging revealed spherical NPs with an average diameter of 15.17 nm. The cytotoxicity of Zn-doped lignin NPs was assessed on the breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cell line, revealing significant toxicity with an IC<sub>50</sub> value of approximately 364 μg/mL after 48 h. Additionally, agar diffusion tests showed that Zn-doped lignin NPs exhibited stronger antibacterial activity than pure lignin NPs against <em>Acinetobacter baumannii</em> (<em>ATCC 19606</em> and clinical strains<em>)</em> and <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> (<em>ATCC 25923</em> and clinical strains<em>)</em>. Moreover, the photocatalytic effects demonstrated the high efficiency of Zn-doped lignin NPs in degrading organic dyes such as Rhodamine B (91%, RhB) and methylene blue (88 %, MB) under UV light.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34140,"journal":{"name":"Open Ceramics","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 100836"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144902345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-16DOI: 10.1016/j.oceram.2025.100834
L. Krämer, G. Falk
A new manufacturing process aims to optimize the production of fluorine-doped glass in terms of energy efficiency. The green bodies are produced from nanoscale powders in a wet-chemical process and sintered at low temperatures in a fluorine-containing atmosphere. The green body composition and the sintering parameters such as gas atmosphere, temperature and feed rate are important for the resulting fluorine concentration and glass formation. The subsequent hot isostatic pressing leads to complete compaction of the sintered bodies and the associated increased transmission. By recompressing the samples, the sintering temperature can be lowered, thereby reducing the defluorination process at high sintering temperatures.
{"title":"Production of fluorine-doped silica bodies using the optimized Vi-Si-HIP manufacturing process from the combination of viscous sintering and gas phase fluorination with subsequent hot isostatic pressing","authors":"L. Krämer, G. Falk","doi":"10.1016/j.oceram.2025.100834","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oceram.2025.100834","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A new manufacturing process aims to optimize the production of fluorine-doped glass in terms of energy efficiency. The green bodies are produced from nanoscale powders in a wet-chemical process and sintered at low temperatures in a fluorine-containing atmosphere. The green body composition and the sintering parameters such as gas atmosphere, temperature and feed rate are important for the resulting fluorine concentration and glass formation. The subsequent hot isostatic pressing leads to complete compaction of the sintered bodies and the associated increased transmission. By recompressing the samples, the sintering temperature can be lowered, thereby reducing the defluorination process at high sintering temperatures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34140,"journal":{"name":"Open Ceramics","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 100834"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144913563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-16DOI: 10.1016/j.oceram.2025.100835
Fiona Kessel , Luis Baier , Nils Hensch , Martin Frieß , Anna Markic , Thomas Bratzdrum , Dietmar Koch
Fiber reinforcement plays a critical role in defining the properties of ceramic matrix composites (CMCs). Among various textile technologies, wet-laid nonwovens have gained attention because previous studies have shown that their method of production significantly influences ceramic formation during liquid silicon infiltration (LSI) [1]. This study investigates in-situ microstructural evolution during pyrolysis using microscopy in a small-scale furnace. Two carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) types were examined: single filament and fiber bundle wet-laid nonwovens. Thermal analysis revealed distinct behaviors. In single filament samples, key cracking occurred around 610 °C due to matrix weakening and stress release. In contrast, fiber bundle samples showed crack formation at 150–300 °C and above 700 °C, driven by outgassing, partial matrix detachment, and matrix shrinkage. These mechanisms result in SiC-rich structures for single filament reinforced materials and carbon-rich, short fiber composites for bundle reinforced materials. The findings support tailored reinforcement design for application-specific CMC properties.
{"title":"Microstructure development during pyrolysis of wet-laid nonwoven-based CFRP for the manufacturing of ceramic matrix composites (CMC)","authors":"Fiona Kessel , Luis Baier , Nils Hensch , Martin Frieß , Anna Markic , Thomas Bratzdrum , Dietmar Koch","doi":"10.1016/j.oceram.2025.100835","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oceram.2025.100835","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fiber reinforcement plays a critical role in defining the properties of ceramic matrix composites (CMCs). Among various textile technologies, wet-laid nonwovens have gained attention because previous studies have shown that their method of production significantly influences ceramic formation during liquid silicon infiltration (LSI) [<span><span>1</span></span>]. This study investigates <em>in-situ</em> microstructural evolution during pyrolysis using microscopy in a small-scale furnace. Two carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) types were examined: <em>single filament</em> and <em>fiber bundle</em> wet-laid nonwovens. Thermal analysis revealed distinct behaviors. In <em>single filament</em> samples, key cracking occurred around 610 °C due to matrix weakening and stress release. In contrast, <em>fiber bundle</em> samples showed crack formation at 150–300 °C and above 700 °C, driven by outgassing, partial matrix detachment, and matrix shrinkage. These mechanisms result in SiC-rich structures for <em>single filament</em> reinforced materials and carbon-rich, short fiber composites for bundle reinforced materials. The findings support tailored reinforcement design for application-specific CMC properties.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34140,"journal":{"name":"Open Ceramics","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 100835"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144879225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-10DOI: 10.1016/j.oceram.2025.100833
Fatima Zohra El Wardi , Khadija Annaba , Soumia Mounir , Youssef Maaloufa , Sara Belarouf , Abdelhamid Khabbazi , Badreddine El Haddaji
This study develops and evaluates a fired clay–cork composite with improved thermal insulation for sustainable construction. The composite is fabricated by incorporating cork particles into clay and firing at 780 °C, generating a porous structure from cork combustion. Thermal conductivity, diffusivity, and effusivity are measured using flash and asymmetrical hot plate methods and compared to theoretical models. Mechanical performance is assessed through compressive and flexural strength tests. Results show that increasing cork content (2–10 % by mass) significantly enhances porosity (16–59 %) and reduces bulk density (1261–620 kg/m³), with thermal conductivity decreasing from 0.356 to 0.130 W/m·K. However, mechanical strength drops with higher porosity, ranging from 5.64 MPa to 0.09 MPa in compression. The Schiller and Hasselman models best describe the strength–porosity behavior. Thermal simulations demonstrate energy and environmental savings up to 37 %, with a cork content of 3.68 % identified as the structural threshold for 4 MPa compressive strength. These findings support the development of low-carbon, thermally efficient building materials using cork, an industrial by-product, and contribute to sustainable construction solutions.
{"title":"Study of the design process and thermomechanical properties of a low carbon porous fired clay-cork composite for building insulation","authors":"Fatima Zohra El Wardi , Khadija Annaba , Soumia Mounir , Youssef Maaloufa , Sara Belarouf , Abdelhamid Khabbazi , Badreddine El Haddaji","doi":"10.1016/j.oceram.2025.100833","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oceram.2025.100833","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study develops and evaluates a fired clay–cork composite with improved thermal insulation for sustainable construction. The composite is fabricated by incorporating cork particles into clay and firing at 780 °C, generating a porous structure from cork combustion. Thermal conductivity, diffusivity, and effusivity are measured using flash and asymmetrical hot plate methods and compared to theoretical models. Mechanical performance is assessed through compressive and flexural strength tests. Results show that increasing cork content (2–10 % by mass) significantly enhances porosity (16–59 %) and reduces bulk density (1261–620 kg/m³), with thermal conductivity decreasing from 0.356 to 0.130 W/m·K. However, mechanical strength drops with higher porosity, ranging from 5.64 MPa to 0.09 MPa in compression. The Schiller and Hasselman models best describe the strength–porosity behavior. Thermal simulations demonstrate energy and environmental savings up to 37 %, with a cork content of 3.68 % identified as the structural threshold for 4 MPa compressive strength. These findings support the development of low-carbon, thermally efficient building materials using cork, an industrial by-product, and contribute to sustainable construction solutions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34140,"journal":{"name":"Open Ceramics","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 100833"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144827607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-07-26DOI: 10.1016/j.oceram.2025.100831
Shigefumi Matsumoto , Katsumi Morikawa , Koji Goda , Kiyoshi Goto , Hiroyuki Fukuyama
Understanding local corrosion mechanisms of ZrO₂-C (ZG) refractories is essential for extending submerged entry nozzle (SEN) lifespan and improving continuous casting efficiency. This study and analytically investigated local corrosion of ZG refractories at the slag/metal interface, where molten steel contacts mold fluxes. Refractory wettability significantly affects ZrO₂ content and corrosion rate. To elucidate these interactions, we developed a model focused on the slag/metal interface, incorporating a two-dimensional cellular automaton (CA) method. Using actual ZG microstructures, the CA simulation visualized corrosion behavior, revealing new insights. Despite considering only wettability changes, the model successfully replicated (1) observed correlations between ZrO₂ content and corrosion rate, and (2) time-dependent changes in corrosion depth and ZrO₂ area fraction. These results were achieved for critical ZrO₂ area fractions , , and in ZG refractories containing 79 and 86 wt.% ZrO₂. Findings support optimization of refractory design and process parameters.
{"title":"Cellular automaton modeling of the local corrosion of ZrO2-C refractories at slag/metal interfaces","authors":"Shigefumi Matsumoto , Katsumi Morikawa , Koji Goda , Kiyoshi Goto , Hiroyuki Fukuyama","doi":"10.1016/j.oceram.2025.100831","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oceram.2025.100831","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding local corrosion mechanisms of ZrO₂-C (ZG) refractories is essential for extending submerged entry nozzle (SEN) lifespan and improving continuous casting efficiency. This study and analytically investigated local corrosion of ZG refractories at the slag/metal interface, where molten steel contacts mold fluxes. Refractory wettability significantly affects ZrO₂ content and corrosion rate. To elucidate these interactions, we developed a model focused on the slag/metal interface, incorporating a two-dimensional cellular automaton (CA) method. Using actual ZG microstructures, the CA simulation visualized corrosion behavior, revealing new insights. Despite considering only wettability changes, the model successfully replicated (1) observed correlations between ZrO₂ content and corrosion rate, and (2) time-dependent changes in corrosion depth and ZrO₂ area fraction. These results were achieved for critical ZrO₂ area fractions <span><math><mrow><msub><mi>f</mi><mtext>Zc</mtext></msub><mo>=</mo><mn>0.01</mn></mrow></math></span>, <span><math><mrow><mn>0.15</mn></mrow></math></span>, and <span><math><mrow><mn>0.50</mn></mrow></math></span> in ZG refractories containing 79 and 86 wt.% ZrO₂. Findings support optimization of refractory design and process parameters.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34140,"journal":{"name":"Open Ceramics","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 100831"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144724737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-07-24DOI: 10.1016/j.oceram.2025.100830
Byoungjin So, Jae Won Lee, Chang Hwa Lee, Jae Soo Ryu, Hwan-Seo Park
We report a method that uses an additively-manufactured sacrificial mold to fabricate ceramic cellular structures that have a gyroid geometry. The mold has a complex periodic architecture, and was produced by additive manufacturing that applies fused deposition modelling, then a ceramic slurry was infiltrated into its cavity by centrifugation. This approach enables fabrication of geometrically-elaborate ceramic shapes such as gyroid by using low-cost and accessible equipment. The resulting gyroid filter had good mechanical integrity and good ability to capture gaseous cesium. The proposed method allows structural optimization of the filter, and tunable capture characteristics.
{"title":"Gyroid ceramic cellular filter using an additively-manufactured sacrificial mold toward off-gas management","authors":"Byoungjin So, Jae Won Lee, Chang Hwa Lee, Jae Soo Ryu, Hwan-Seo Park","doi":"10.1016/j.oceram.2025.100830","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oceram.2025.100830","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We report a method that uses an additively-manufactured sacrificial mold to fabricate ceramic cellular structures that have a gyroid geometry. The mold has a complex periodic architecture, and was produced by additive manufacturing that applies fused deposition modelling, then a ceramic slurry was infiltrated into its cavity by centrifugation. This approach enables fabrication of geometrically-elaborate ceramic shapes such as gyroid by using low-cost and accessible equipment. The resulting gyroid filter had good mechanical integrity and good ability to capture gaseous cesium. The proposed method allows structural optimization of the filter, and tunable capture characteristics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34140,"journal":{"name":"Open Ceramics","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 100830"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144720799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-07-23DOI: 10.1016/j.oceram.2025.100829
Christian Molin, Zhenglyu Li, Sylvia E. Gebhardt
In this paper, we report on multilayer ceramic components based on (BSSnT) with addition or modification for electrocaloric (EC) cooling applications. The influence of sintering parameters on grain size, dielectric and EC properties are investigated. In components with addition we could increase grain size from 0.4 µm to 4.6 µm by adapting sintering parameters. With increasing grain size dielectric strength is reduced, thus limiting EC properties. In BSSnT components modified with , grain size was increased from 1.7 µm to 6.6 µm, resulting in an increase of EC temperature change from 0.76 K to 0.94 K under an electric field change of 14 V µm−1. Simultaneously, dielectric strength decreases from 31.6 V µm−1 to 21.5 V µm−1. Therefore, the optimal grain size represents a compromise between a moderate EC effect and a moderate dielectric strength, since both properties show an opposite dependence on grain size.
{"title":"Lead-free (Ba,Sr)(Sn,Ti)O3 multilayer ceramic components for electrocaloric application","authors":"Christian Molin, Zhenglyu Li, Sylvia E. Gebhardt","doi":"10.1016/j.oceram.2025.100829","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oceram.2025.100829","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper, we report on multilayer ceramic components based on <span><math><mrow><mi>B</mi><msub><mi>a</mi><mrow><mn>0.82</mn></mrow></msub><mi>S</mi><msub><mi>r</mi><mrow><mn>0.18</mn></mrow></msub><mi>S</mi><msub><mi>n</mi><mrow><mn>0.065</mn></mrow></msub><mi>T</mi><msub><mi>i</mi><mrow><mn>0.935</mn></mrow></msub><msub><mi>O</mi><mn>3</mn></msub></mrow></math></span> (BSSnT) with <span><math><mtext>MgO</mtext></math></span> addition or <span><math><mtext>Ca</mtext></math></span> modification for electrocaloric (EC) cooling applications. The influence of sintering parameters on grain size, dielectric and EC properties are investigated. In components with <span><math><mtext>MgO</mtext></math></span> addition we could increase grain size from 0.4 µm to 4.6 µm by adapting sintering parameters. With increasing grain size dielectric strength is reduced, thus limiting EC properties. In BSSnT components modified with <span><math><mtext>Ca</mtext></math></span>, grain size was increased from 1.7 µm to 6.6 µm, resulting in an increase of EC temperature change from 0.76 K to 0.94 K under an electric field change of 14 V µm<sup>−1</sup>. Simultaneously, dielectric strength decreases from 31.6 V µm<sup>−1</sup> to 21.5 V µm<sup>−1</sup>. Therefore, the optimal grain size represents a compromise between a moderate EC effect and a moderate dielectric strength, since both properties show an opposite dependence on grain size.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34140,"journal":{"name":"Open Ceramics","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 100829"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144704842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study employed the green synthesis approach to produce Selenium nanoparticles (Se-NPs) using Valeriana officinalis (Valerian) root extract as a biological agent for reduction and stabilization. The phytochemicals present in the extract enabled the generation of stable Se-NPs without the use of toxic chemicals. The nanoparticles underwent extensive characterization using UV–Vis spectroscopy, XRD, FTIR, and TEM images, confirming their structural, morphological, and surface properties. The Se-NPs demonstrated photocatalytic performance, which was confirmed by the efficient photodegradation of Rhodamine B (RhB) dye (98 % after 150 min). Furthermore, biological assays revealed that the nanoparticles exhibited selective cytotoxicity toward cancer B16F0 cells. This dual functionality, photocatalytic degradation, and selective anticancer effect highlight the applicability of Se-NPs in environmental and biomedical fields.
{"title":"Biogenic synthesis of selenium nanoparticles from Valeriana officinalis extract: A dual approach for environmental remediation and cancer therapy","authors":"Fatemeh Nazarzadeh , Saied Navabpour , Zahra Sabouri , Majid Darroudi","doi":"10.1016/j.oceram.2025.100828","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oceram.2025.100828","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study employed the green synthesis approach to produce Selenium nanoparticles (Se-NPs) using <em>Valeriana officinalis</em> (<em>Valerian</em>) root extract as a biological agent for reduction and stabilization. The phytochemicals present in the extract enabled the generation of stable Se-NPs without the use of toxic chemicals. The nanoparticles underwent extensive characterization using UV–Vis spectroscopy, XRD, FTIR, and TEM images, confirming their structural, morphological, and surface properties. The Se-NPs demonstrated photocatalytic performance, which was confirmed by the efficient photodegradation of Rhodamine B (RhB) dye (98 % after 150 min). Furthermore, biological assays revealed that the nanoparticles exhibited selective cytotoxicity toward cancer B16F0 cells. This dual functionality, photocatalytic degradation, and selective anticancer effect highlight the applicability of Se-NPs in environmental and biomedical fields.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34140,"journal":{"name":"Open Ceramics","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 100828"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144724736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-07-19DOI: 10.1016/j.oceram.2025.100827
Sakhavat Dadashov , Ender Suvaci
In this study, a two-step hydrothermal synthesis method involving the development of a precursor interphase and its conversion into multifunctional BaTiO₃ nanowires was employed. Na₂Ti₃O₇ powders were developed as the precursor intermediate phase, and the synthesis conditions were optimized by investigating the effects of experimental parameters such as the NaOH:TiO₂ mole ratio, reaction temperature, and stirring rate on the structure and phase composition of the precursor. By adjusting the experimental parameters, the precursor intermediate phase with the desired phase composition and nanowire morphology was successfully obtained. It was observed that varying the NaOH:TiO₂ ratio from 2:1 to 64:1 had a significant impact on the phase development and morphology of the intermediate phase. The precursor intermediate phase was successfully converted into BaTiO₃ nanowires via a second hydrothermal reaction. XRD, SEM, EDX, TG and FTIR analyses confirmed that obtained BaTiO3 nanowires had a high aspect ratio and single-phase composition.
{"title":"Optimization of Na2Ti3O7 nanowire synthesis conditions for reliable BaTiO3 nanowires production","authors":"Sakhavat Dadashov , Ender Suvaci","doi":"10.1016/j.oceram.2025.100827","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oceram.2025.100827","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, a two-step hydrothermal synthesis method involving the development of a precursor interphase and its conversion into multifunctional BaTiO₃ nanowires was employed. Na₂Ti₃O₇ powders were developed as the precursor intermediate phase, and the synthesis conditions were optimized by investigating the effects of experimental parameters such as the NaOH:TiO₂ mole ratio, reaction temperature, and stirring rate on the structure and phase composition of the precursor. By adjusting the experimental parameters, the precursor intermediate phase with the desired phase composition and nanowire morphology was successfully obtained. It was observed that varying the NaOH:TiO₂ ratio from 2:1 to 64:1 had a significant impact on the phase development and morphology of the intermediate phase. The precursor intermediate phase was successfully converted into BaTiO₃ nanowires via a second hydrothermal reaction. XRD, SEM, EDX, TG and FTIR analyses confirmed that obtained BaTiO<sub>3</sub> nanowires had a high aspect ratio and single-phase composition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34140,"journal":{"name":"Open Ceramics","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 100827"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144720798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Despite broad utilization of zirconia ceramics in science and industry, significant matters about the structure-property relations in sintered parts are relevant. In this work, to control the microstructure of doped zirconium oxide ceramics with Y, Ca, Mg, Ce dopants sintering at temperatures in the range of 1300 - 1700 °C was carried out. The structure-property relation was studied using XRD, SEM, Vickers and measuring the biaxial flexural strength methods. With an increase in the sintering temperature, significant changes in the microstructure are observed, associated with exaggerated grain growth and the formation of secondary phases. Microhardness vs sintering temperature dependencies show that with increasing temperature, there is an increase in the HV1 values for the ZrO2CaCO3, ZrO2−MgO, ZrO2-CeO2 compositions, which is associated with an increase in the density of ceramics. Optimum sintering temperatures for ZrO2-Y2O3, ZrO2−MgO compositions were found, for which the flexural strengths have the highest values.
{"title":"Study of the effect of sintering temperature on the microstructure and mechanical properties of stabilized and partially stabilized zirconium dioxide","authors":"D.B. Borgekov , R.I. Shakirzyanov , M.E. Kaliekperov , Yu.A. Garanin , S.A. Maznykh , D.I. Shlimas","doi":"10.1016/j.oceram.2025.100826","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oceram.2025.100826","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Despite broad utilization of zirconia ceramics in science and industry, significant matters about the structure-property relations in sintered parts are relevant. In this work, to control the microstructure of doped zirconium oxide ceramics with Y, Ca, Mg, Ce dopants sintering at temperatures in the range of 1300 - 1700 °C was carried out. The structure-property relation was studied using XRD, SEM, Vickers and measuring the biaxial flexural strength methods. With an increase in the sintering temperature, significant changes in the microstructure are observed, associated with exaggerated grain growth and the formation of secondary phases. Microhardness vs sintering temperature dependencies show that with increasing temperature, there is an increase in the HV1 values for the ZrO<sub>2<img></sub>CaCO<sub>3</sub>, ZrO<sub>2</sub>−MgO, ZrO2-CeO<sub>2</sub> compositions, which is associated with an increase in the density of ceramics. Optimum sintering temperatures for ZrO2-Y<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, ZrO<sub>2</sub>−MgO compositions were found, for which the flexural strengths have the highest values.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34140,"journal":{"name":"Open Ceramics","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 100826"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144663259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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