Pub Date : 2025-12-12DOI: 10.1016/j.puhip.2025.100707
A-Reum Jung , Guiohk Lee
Objective
This study aimed to examine the impact of exposure to a youth-targeted anti-smoking campaign on adults’ attitude toward smoking cessation, considering their smoking status.
Study design
Exposure to the anti-smoking campaign was treated as the independent variable, while attitude toward smoking cessation served as the dependent variable. Smoking status (non-smokers vs. smokers) and target group (youth vs. adults) were included as binary moderators in the analysis.
Methods
A stratified random sampling approach was employed to select a total of 4758 respondents (2560 adults and 2198 youth) who completed structured questionnaires. These questionnaires assessed respondents’ exposure to the anti-smoking campaign, their attitude toward smoking cessation, smoking status, and demographic information.
Results
The findings indicated that exposure to the campaign was positively associated with more favorable attitude toward smoking cessation. Non-smokers exhibited stronger attitude toward smoking cessation compared to smokers. Additionally, exposure to the campaign led to an increase in smoking cessation attitude across all groups, with adults showing more pronounced changes in attitude relative to youth.
Conclusion
Unintended persuasive effects were observed among non-target groups, highlighting the need for further investigation into the relationship between targeted messages and their impact on non-target audiences. Such research could enhance the development of more effective and efficient public health campaigns.
{"title":"Unexpected persuasion: The influence of a youth-targeted anti-smoking campaign on adults’ attitude toward smoking cessation","authors":"A-Reum Jung , Guiohk Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.puhip.2025.100707","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.puhip.2025.100707","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study aimed to examine the impact of exposure to a youth-targeted anti-smoking campaign on adults’ attitude toward smoking cessation, considering their smoking status.</div></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><div>Exposure to the anti-smoking campaign was treated as the independent variable, while attitude toward smoking cessation served as the dependent variable. Smoking status (non-smokers vs. smokers) and target group (youth vs. adults) were included as binary moderators in the analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A stratified random sampling approach was employed to select a total of 4758 respondents (2560 adults and 2198 youth) who completed structured questionnaires. These questionnaires assessed respondents’ exposure to the anti-smoking campaign, their attitude toward smoking cessation, smoking status, and demographic information.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The findings indicated that exposure to the campaign was positively associated with more favorable attitude toward smoking cessation. Non-smokers exhibited stronger attitude toward smoking cessation compared to smokers. Additionally, exposure to the campaign led to an increase in smoking cessation attitude across all groups, with adults showing more pronounced changes in attitude relative to youth.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Unintended persuasive effects were observed among non-target groups, highlighting the need for further investigation into the relationship between targeted messages and their impact on non-target audiences. Such research could enhance the development of more effective and efficient public health campaigns.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34141,"journal":{"name":"Public Health in Practice","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100707"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145798986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-12DOI: 10.1016/j.puhip.2025.100706
Edmond Siu-Keung Ma , Shuk-Ching Wong , Vincent Chi-Chung Cheng , David Christopher Lung , Suet-Yi Lee , Kristine Luk , Raymond Wai-Man Lai , Vivien Wai-Man Chuang , Enoch Hsu , Vincent Chow , Andrea Liu , Hong Chen , Edwin Lok-Kin Tsui , Kwok-Yung Yuen
Background
We conducted a decolonization program for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter (CRA) among residential care homes for the elderly (RCHE) residents by providing universal decolonization using nasal povidone-iodine and chlorhexidine baths at the RCHEs and during hospitalization.
Objectives
1. To investigate the effectiveness of decolonization of MRSA and CRA in elderly homes. 2. To assess the incidence of MRSA and CRA infections bacteremia, associated morbidity and mortality in elderly homes. 3. To investigate MRSA infection reduction and risk ratio amongst the elderly residents.
Study design
This quality improvement program adopted a quasi-experimental design.
Methods
A total of 20,741 RCHE residents were instructed to apply 10 % povidone-iodine nasal ointment once daily, Monday to Friday, every alternate week, while 2 % chlorhexidine gluconate solution was used for bathing on alternate days. Group 1 included RCHE residents who underwent decolonization at the RCHEs and during hospitalization, whereas Group 2 received decolonization at the RCHEs only. The residents who stayed in the RCHEs other than the 330 invited residents RCHEs were considered the control group when they admitted to their network hospitals. We compared the incidence of any MRSA and CRA infections, bacteremia, and associated death in 2023 with the rates during the baseline period from 2017 to 2019, using Poisson exact test.
Results
A total of 257/330 (77.9 %) RCHEs continued the program, involving 16,190 residents. The mean utilization of povidone-iodine ranged from 79.4 % to 96.2 %, whereas chlorhexidine utilization ranged from 79.9 % to 97.2 %. MRSA infection was reduced in Group 1 with a risk ratio of 0.878 (95 %CI: 0.776–0.992, p = 0.035) compared with that at baseline. For bacteremia, larger reductions were noted in Group 1 and Group 2, with risk ratios of 0.719 (95 %CI: 0.448–1.115, p = 0.158) and 0.721 (95 %CI: 0.418–1.192, p = 0.207), respectively, compared to the control 0.785 (95 %CI: 0.621–0.984, p = 0.036). Regarding mortality associated with MRSA, a differential reduction of 51.1 %, 18.7 % and 22.2 % were observed for Group 1, Group 2 and the control respectively. For CRA, no statistically significant reduction was detected in the intervention groups for infection, bacteremia or death.
Conclusions
We demonstrated a reduction in hospital admissions due to MRSA infections following the decolonization program for residents in RCHEs and during hospitalization.
研究背景：本研究通过在养老院和住院期间使用聚维酮碘和氯己定鼻洗浴，对耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）和耐碳青霉烯不动杆菌（CRA）进行去菌落控制。目的探讨MRSA和CRA在养老院去菌落的效果。2. 评估养老院MRSA和CRA感染菌血症的发生率，相关发病率和死亡率。3. 目的了解老年居民MRSA感染的减少情况及风险比。本质量改进方案采用准实验设计。方法对20,741名RCHE居民进行每周一至周五，每隔一周涂抹10%聚维酮碘鼻软膏1次，隔日使用2%葡萄糖酸氯己定溶液沐浴。第1组包括在安老院舍和住院期间接受非殖民化治疗的安老院舍居民，而第2组仅在安老院舍接受非殖民化治疗。除330名获邀入住安老院舍的居民外，其余住在安老院舍的居民入住其网络医院时被视为对照组。我们使用泊松精确检验将2023年MRSA和CRA感染、菌血症和相关死亡的发生率与2017年至2019年基线期的发生率进行了比较。结果共有257/330家安老院（77.9%）继续实施该计划，涉及居民16,190人。聚维酮碘的平均利用率为79.4% ~ 96.2%，氯己定的平均利用率为79.9% ~ 97.2%。与基线相比，第1组MRSA感染减少，风险比为0.878 （95% CI: 0.776-0.992, p = 0.035）。对于菌血症，1组和2组的风险比分别为0.719 （95% CI: 0.448-1.115, p = 0.158）和0.721 (95% CI: 0.418-1.192, p = 0.207)，而对照组的风险比分别为0.785 （95% CI: 0.621-0.984, p = 0.036）。关于MRSA相关的死亡率，组1、组2和对照组分别降低了51.1%、18.7%和22.2%。对于CRA，在感染、菌血症或死亡的干预组中没有发现统计学上显著的降低。结论：我们证明了在安老院舍和住院期间实施非殖民化计划后，因MRSA感染而住院的人数有所减少。
{"title":"Universal decolonization for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter in elderly homes: A large cohort of over 16,000 residents in Hong Kong","authors":"Edmond Siu-Keung Ma , Shuk-Ching Wong , Vincent Chi-Chung Cheng , David Christopher Lung , Suet-Yi Lee , Kristine Luk , Raymond Wai-Man Lai , Vivien Wai-Man Chuang , Enoch Hsu , Vincent Chow , Andrea Liu , Hong Chen , Edwin Lok-Kin Tsui , Kwok-Yung Yuen","doi":"10.1016/j.puhip.2025.100706","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.puhip.2025.100706","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>We conducted a decolonization program for methicillin-resistant <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> (MRSA) and carbapenem-resistant <em>Acinetobacter</em> (CRA) among residential care homes for the elderly (RCHE) residents by providing universal decolonization using nasal povidone-iodine and chlorhexidine baths at the RCHEs and during hospitalization.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>1. To investigate the effectiveness of decolonization of MRSA and CRA in elderly homes. 2. To assess the incidence of MRSA and CRA infections bacteremia, associated morbidity and mortality in elderly homes. 3. To investigate MRSA infection reduction and risk ratio amongst the elderly residents.</div></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><div>This quality improvement program adopted a quasi-experimental design.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of 20,741 RCHE residents were instructed to apply 10 % povidone-iodine nasal ointment once daily, Monday to Friday, every alternate week, while 2 % chlorhexidine gluconate solution was used for bathing on alternate days. Group 1 included RCHE residents who underwent decolonization at the RCHEs and during hospitalization, whereas Group 2 received decolonization at the RCHEs only. The residents who stayed in the RCHEs other than the 330 invited residents RCHEs were considered the control group when they admitted to their network hospitals. We compared the incidence of any MRSA and CRA infections, bacteremia, and associated death in 2023 with the rates during the baseline period from 2017 to 2019, using Poisson exact test.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 257/330 (77.9 %) RCHEs continued the program, involving 16,190 residents. The mean utilization of povidone-iodine ranged from 79.4 % to 96.2 %, whereas chlorhexidine utilization ranged from 79.9 % to 97.2 %. MRSA infection was reduced in Group 1 with a risk ratio of 0.878 (95 %CI: 0.776–0.992, p = 0.035) compared with that at baseline. For bacteremia, larger reductions were noted in Group 1 and Group 2, with risk ratios of 0.719 (95 %CI: 0.448–1.115, p = 0.158) and 0.721 (95 %CI: 0.418–1.192, p = 0.207), respectively, compared to the control 0.785 (95 %CI: 0.621–0.984, p = 0.036). Regarding mortality associated with MRSA, a differential reduction of 51.1 %, 18.7 % and 22.2 % were observed for Group 1, Group 2 and the control respectively. For CRA, no statistically significant reduction was detected in the intervention groups for infection, bacteremia or death.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>We demonstrated a reduction in hospital admissions due to MRSA infections following the decolonization program for residents in RCHEs and during hospitalization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34141,"journal":{"name":"Public Health in Practice","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100706"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145798973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-12DOI: 10.1016/j.puhip.2025.100708
Nader Salari , Amir Hossein Sadeghi , Amir Abdolmaleki , Hosna Zarei , Amir Hossein Ghaderi , Shamarina Shohaimi , Masoud Mohammadi
Objective
Tooth wear (TW), as a common dental challenge, refers to the loss of dental tissue with four types of Attrition, Erosion, Abrasion, and Abfraction. Since there are no scientific reports regarding the global TW prevalence, this study was designed to investigate the prevalence of TW worldwide.
Study design
Systematic review and meta-analysis.
Methods
Systematic search was conducted (by November 2024) in valid databases of PubMed, WoS, ScienceDirect, Scopus, Embase, and Google Scholar search engine using the main keywords of “Prevalence”, “Tooth wear”, “Erosion”, “Attrition”, “Abfraction”, and “Abrasion”. The I2 index was used to examine heterogeneity, and the Random Effect Model was used for meta-analysis (CMA v.2).
Results
Following the review of 133 eligible studies with the sample size of 92,153 individuals with TW, the global prevalence of TW was found to be 40.8 % (95 %CI: 36.7–45, I2: 99.1).
Conclusion
According to the high global prevalence of TW, the implementation of a comprehensive strategy by the health care system seems necessary to control TW occurrence and prevent the associated complications.
{"title":"The global prevalence of tooth wear in general population: a systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Nader Salari , Amir Hossein Sadeghi , Amir Abdolmaleki , Hosna Zarei , Amir Hossein Ghaderi , Shamarina Shohaimi , Masoud Mohammadi","doi":"10.1016/j.puhip.2025.100708","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.puhip.2025.100708","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Tooth wear (TW), as a common dental challenge, refers to the loss of dental tissue with four types of Attrition, Erosion, Abrasion, and Abfraction. Since there are no scientific reports regarding the global TW prevalence, this study was designed to investigate the prevalence of TW worldwide.</div></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><div>Systematic review and meta-analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Systematic search was conducted (by November 2024) in valid databases of PubMed, WoS, ScienceDirect, Scopus, Embase, and Google Scholar search engine using the main keywords of “Prevalence”, “Tooth wear”, “Erosion”, “Attrition”, “Abfraction”, and “Abrasion”. The I<sup>2</sup> index was used to examine heterogeneity, and the Random Effect Model was used for meta-analysis (CMA v.2).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Following the review of 133 eligible studies with the sample size of 92,153 individuals with TW, the global prevalence of TW was found to be 40.8 % (95 %CI: 36.7–45, I<sup>2</sup>: 99.1).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>According to the high global prevalence of TW, the implementation of a comprehensive strategy by the health care system seems necessary to control TW occurrence and prevent the associated complications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34141,"journal":{"name":"Public Health in Practice","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100708"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145798969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-12DOI: 10.1016/j.puhip.2025.100703
K.P. Romo-Dueñas, D.A. Enríquez-Ávila, G. Álvarez-Hernández, S.A. De la Torre-Othón, G.A. Navarro-Armendariz, M.C. Candia-Plata
Objectives
Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF) is a severe tick-borne disease with high fatality rates in endemic regions, particularly where brown dog ticks proliferate. This study proposes a structured framework for developing surveys addressing knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) related to preventive measures in RMSF.
Study design
Systematic review.
Methods
We searched major scientific databases using MeSH/DeCS terms and keywords related to “health knowledge, attitudes, practice” and “Rocky Mountain spotted fever”, combined with relevant synonyms and Boolean operators, for studies published between 2003 and 2024 in English, Spanish, and Portuguese. Following PRISMA guidelines, eight eligible studies were identified and assessed with the AXIS tool.
Results
While existing studies offered valuable insights, our assessment revealed four significant biases that compromised their methodological quality and the reliability of their findings. To address these limitations, we propose a novel, structured framework for developing future RMSF KAP surveys. This framework integrates: (a) comprehensive risk assessment, (b) a primary prevention stratification pyramid, and (c) a robust logic model.
Conclusions
Applying this proposed framework is anticipated to improve the methodological rigor, validity, and reliability of future KAP studies concerning RMSF preventive measures, ultimately enhancing public health interventions.
{"title":"A structured framework for the development of knowledge, attitudes, and practices surveys addressing brown dog tick-associated Rocky Mountain spotted fever","authors":"K.P. Romo-Dueñas, D.A. Enríquez-Ávila, G. Álvarez-Hernández, S.A. De la Torre-Othón, G.A. Navarro-Armendariz, M.C. Candia-Plata","doi":"10.1016/j.puhip.2025.100703","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.puhip.2025.100703","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF) is a severe tick-borne disease with high fatality rates in endemic regions, particularly where brown dog ticks proliferate. This study proposes a structured framework for developing surveys addressing knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) related to preventive measures in RMSF.</div></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><div>Systematic review.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We searched major scientific databases using MeSH/DeCS terms and keywords related to “health knowledge, attitudes, practice” and “Rocky Mountain spotted fever”, combined with relevant synonyms and Boolean operators, for studies published between 2003 and 2024 in English, Spanish, and Portuguese. Following PRISMA guidelines, eight eligible studies were identified and assessed with the AXIS tool.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>While existing studies offered valuable insights, our assessment revealed four significant biases that compromised their methodological quality and the reliability of their findings. To address these limitations, we propose a novel, structured framework for developing future RMSF KAP surveys. This framework integrates: (a) comprehensive risk assessment, (b) a primary prevention stratification pyramid, and (c) a robust logic model.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Applying this proposed framework is anticipated to improve the methodological rigor, validity, and reliability of future KAP studies concerning RMSF preventive measures, ultimately enhancing public health interventions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34141,"journal":{"name":"Public Health in Practice","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100703"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145799013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-11DOI: 10.1016/j.puhip.2025.100699
Dalia Alleaume , Yasmine Célia Benrabah , Ingrid Allagbé , Marie Masure , Anneliese Depoux , Marie Malécot , Anne-Laurence Le Faou
Objectives
Healthcare professionals are instrumental in aiding smokers to quit, necessitating evidence-based smoking cessation education. Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) provide a flexible platform for such education. This study assessed the satisfaction of health professionals with the content of the MOOC “Smoking: Quit Your Own Way!”, distributed over the period 2020–2023, and their success rates in completing of this course.
Study design
We conducted a descriptive study.
Methods
The study based on quantitative data from 4229 learners on France Université Numérique (FUN) and 1488 on Pédagogie Numérique en Santé (PNS) platforms who completed the satisfaction questionnaire on the content of the MOOC and who answered the quizzes offered during the course.
Results
Most participants were women (FUN: 79.7 %; PNS: 84.0 %), with nurses being the largest group (FUN: 27.7 %; PNS: 28.6 %). Satisfaction was high (97.9 %). Weekly quiz success rates ranged from 15.5 % to 30.0 %. Rehabilitation professionals had the highest success rate at 40.2 %, followed by medical doctors at 35.7 %, and dental surgeons at 34.9 %. Midwives and nurses both had a success rate of 32.2 %. Other notable rates included prevention professionals at 30.9 % and psychologists at 27.6 %. The lowest success rates were seen in social professions (16.0 %) and nurse assistants (9.4 %).
Conclusions
The “Smoking: Quit Your Own Way!” MOOC effectively train healthcare professionals in smoking cessation, enhancing their theoretical and practical skills to support smokers.
{"title":"Empowering healthcare professionals to help smokers quit: Relevance of a smoking cessation online training program","authors":"Dalia Alleaume , Yasmine Célia Benrabah , Ingrid Allagbé , Marie Masure , Anneliese Depoux , Marie Malécot , Anne-Laurence Le Faou","doi":"10.1016/j.puhip.2025.100699","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.puhip.2025.100699","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Healthcare professionals are instrumental in aiding smokers to quit, necessitating evidence-based smoking cessation education. Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) provide a flexible platform for such education. This study assessed the satisfaction of health professionals with the content of the MOOC “Smoking: Quit Your Own Way!”, distributed over the period 2020–2023, and their success rates in completing of this course.</div></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><div>We conducted a descriptive study.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The study based on quantitative data from 4229 learners on France Université Numérique (FUN) and 1488 on Pédagogie Numérique en Santé (PNS) platforms who completed the satisfaction questionnaire on the content of the MOOC and who answered the quizzes offered during the course.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Most participants were women (FUN: 79.7 %; PNS: 84.0 %), with nurses being the largest group (FUN: 27.7 %; PNS: 28.6 %). Satisfaction was high (97.9 %). Weekly quiz success rates ranged from 15.5 % to 30.0 %. Rehabilitation professionals had the highest success rate at 40.2 %, followed by medical doctors at 35.7 %, and dental surgeons at 34.9 %. Midwives and nurses both had a success rate of 32.2 %. Other notable rates included prevention professionals at 30.9 % and psychologists at 27.6 %. The lowest success rates were seen in social professions (16.0 %) and nurse assistants (9.4 %).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The “Smoking: Quit Your Own Way!” MOOC effectively train healthcare professionals in smoking cessation, enhancing their theoretical and practical skills to support smokers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34141,"journal":{"name":"Public Health in Practice","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100699"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145798988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the pooled blood donation practice and its predictors among university and college students in Ethiopia.
Study design
Systematic review and meta-analysis.
Methods
Multiple databases and search engines, such as PubMed, African Journals Online, Hinari, Google Scholar, and repositories, were searched using search terms created by combining Medical Subject Heading words and phrases for each database. A total of 1306 articles were found, and after removing duplicates and other irrelevant articles, 22 articles were included. Relevant data were extracted using a standardized Excel template and analyzed using STATA 17 software. The prevalence of blood donation practice and its predictors were pooled using a random effects model. Statistical heterogeneity was identified using the Galbraith plot, I2, and Q statistic and handled by subgroup analysis, meta-regression, and sensitivity analysis. Publication bias was checked by funnel plot and Egger's test.
Results
This systematic review and meta-analysis of 22 studies that included 9048 students revealed that the pooled estimate of blood donation practice was 26 % (CI: 22, 31). Age of students (POR = 3.22; CI: 1.83, 5.68), faculty (POR = 2.44; CI: 1.74, 3.41), knowledge (POR = 2.89; CI: 1.89, 4.41), and attitude (POR = 1.93; CI: 1.43, 2.62) were found to have a significant association with blood donation practice.
Conclusion
The pooled estimate of blood donation practice indicated that only a quarter of university and college students donated blood, which is limited. Therefore, Ethiopian Ministry of Health, regional health bureaus, blood banks, the universities and colleges, the students’ council, and other stakeholders shall pay due attention to blood donation.
{"title":"Blood donation practice and predictors among university and college students in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Hailemariam Gezie , Mekuriaw Wuhib , Fekadeselassie Belege Getaneh , Habtam Gelaye","doi":"10.1016/j.puhip.2025.100687","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.puhip.2025.100687","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the pooled blood donation practice and its predictors among university and college students in Ethiopia.</div></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><div>Systematic review and meta-analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Multiple databases and search engines, such as PubMed, African Journals Online, Hinari, Google Scholar, and repositories, were searched using search terms created by combining Medical Subject Heading words and phrases for each database. A total of 1306 articles were found, and after removing duplicates and other irrelevant articles, 22 articles were included. Relevant data were extracted using a standardized Excel template and analyzed using STATA 17 software. The prevalence of blood donation practice and its predictors were pooled using a random effects model. Statistical heterogeneity was identified using the Galbraith plot, I<sup>2</sup>, and Q statistic and handled by subgroup analysis, meta-regression, and sensitivity analysis. Publication bias was checked by funnel plot and Egger's test.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>This systematic review and meta-analysis of 22 studies that included 9048 students revealed that the pooled estimate of blood donation practice was 26 % (CI: 22, 31). Age of students (POR = 3.22; CI: 1.83, 5.68), faculty (POR = 2.44; CI: 1.74, 3.41), knowledge (POR = 2.89; CI: 1.89, 4.41), and attitude (POR = 1.93; CI: 1.43, 2.62) were found to have a significant association with blood donation practice.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The pooled estimate of blood donation practice indicated that only a quarter of university and college students donated blood, which is limited. Therefore, Ethiopian Ministry of Health, regional health bureaus, blood banks, the universities and colleges, the students’ council, and other stakeholders shall pay due attention to blood donation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34141,"journal":{"name":"Public Health in Practice","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100687"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145798990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-11DOI: 10.1016/j.puhip.2025.100700
Cyrine Naja , Samar Al-Hajj , Carine Sakr , Hilda L. Harb , Salim M. Adib
Objectives
Adolescents and young adults face a high risk of preventable mortality, yet national-level data in Lebanon are limited. This study aimed to analyze sex-, age-, and region-specific patterns of cause-specific mortality and assess temporal trends among Lebanese youth aged 10–24 years from 2017 to 2022.
Study design
Nationwide population-level analysis.
Methods
Mortality data from the Lebanese MoPH were analyzed. Causes of death were coded using ICD-10 and grouped into 12 categories. Population denominators were based on 2022 estimates. Crude and ASMR using WHO standard population were calculated. Poisson regression assessed temporal trends, with rate ratios comparing sexes and P-values (<0.05) indicating statistical significance.
Results
A total of 2776 deaths occurred, with an overall ASMR of 185.2 per 100,000. Age-specific mortality increased from 116.4 per 100,000 (10–14 years) to 246.1 per 100,000 (20–24 years, P < 0.001). External causes were the leading contributor (64.8 per 100,000), followed by circulatory/cardiovascular diseases and neoplasms. Male mortality exceeded female mortality (243.1 vs. 114.7 per 100,000; P < 0.001), with the largest disparity for external causes (RR = 3.80, P < 0.001). Regional differences were noted, with external deaths highest in North Lebanon and Bekaa, and circulatory deaths concentrated in Bekaa. No significant temporal trends were detected except in South Lebanon.
Conclusions
Mortality among Lebanese youth is primarily driven by preventable external and circulatory causes, with pronounced male excess and regional disparities. These findings support evidence-informed interventions, including targeted injury prevention and cardiovascular strategies tailored to high-risk populations and regions.
{"title":"Adolescent mortality in Lebanon (2017–2022): Trends, causes, and policy implications","authors":"Cyrine Naja , Samar Al-Hajj , Carine Sakr , Hilda L. Harb , Salim M. Adib","doi":"10.1016/j.puhip.2025.100700","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.puhip.2025.100700","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Adolescents and young adults face a high risk of preventable mortality, yet national-level data in Lebanon are limited. This study aimed to analyze sex-, age-, and region-specific patterns of cause-specific mortality and assess temporal trends among Lebanese youth aged 10–24 years from 2017 to 2022.</div></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><div>Nationwide population-level analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Mortality data from the Lebanese MoPH were analyzed. Causes of death were coded using ICD-10 and grouped into 12 categories. Population denominators were based on 2022 estimates. Crude and ASMR using WHO standard population were calculated. Poisson regression assessed temporal trends, with rate ratios comparing sexes and P-values (<0.05) indicating statistical significance.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 2776 deaths occurred, with an overall ASMR of 185.2 per 100,000. Age-specific mortality increased from 116.4 per 100,000 (10–14 years) to 246.1 per 100,000 (20–24 years, P < 0.001). External causes were the leading contributor (64.8 per 100,000), followed by circulatory/cardiovascular diseases and neoplasms. Male mortality exceeded female mortality (243.1 vs. 114.7 per 100,000; P < 0.001), with the largest disparity for external causes (RR = 3.80, P < 0.001). Regional differences were noted, with external deaths highest in North Lebanon and Bekaa, and circulatory deaths concentrated in Bekaa. No significant temporal trends were detected except in South Lebanon.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Mortality among Lebanese youth is primarily driven by preventable external and circulatory causes, with pronounced male excess and regional disparities. These findings support evidence-informed interventions, including targeted injury prevention and cardiovascular strategies tailored to high-risk populations and regions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34141,"journal":{"name":"Public Health in Practice","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100700"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145798974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-11DOI: 10.1016/j.puhip.2025.100691
Magna Maria de Carvalho , Max Moura de Oliveira , Selma Alves Tavares de Oliveira , Maria do Rosário Gondim Peixoto , Robério Amorim de Almeida Ponde , Flúvia Pereira Amorim da Silva , João Bosco Siqueira Júnior
Objectives
To Describe the methodology used in the first risk factor survey for non-communicable diseases in Goiás, a central state of Brazil and identify differences in prevalence of risk and protective factors for chronic disease between landline and mobile phone users.
Study design
A cross-sectional study.
Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted using telephone interviews via landlines and mobile phones. The Random-Digit Dialing probabilistic sampling method was used to select phone lines. The Rake method weighted the data and the hot deck technique imputed missing weight and height data. A total of 5018 individuals residing in Goiás were stratified by sex, age group, education level and health macro-regions. Operational, demographic characteristics and prevalence of risk factors were evaluated, with crude and adjusted prevalence ratios calculated using the Poisson regression model.
Results
Mobile telephony offered some operational advantages, while refusal rates were lower for landlines. Landline telephony underestimated men, adults and individuals with fewer years of schooling, while mobile's underestimated the elderly. Significant differences in prevalence were found for 16 indicators. Mobile phone users showed higher prevalence of risk factors, while landline's showed higher prevalence of protective factors.
Conclusion
The use of both landline and mobile telephony was necessary to ensure population representativeness. However, new strategies are needed to improve participation in future surveys.
{"title":"First dual-frame telephone survey for non-communicable disease risk and protective factors: Methods and main findings from a central Brazilian state, 2022","authors":"Magna Maria de Carvalho , Max Moura de Oliveira , Selma Alves Tavares de Oliveira , Maria do Rosário Gondim Peixoto , Robério Amorim de Almeida Ponde , Flúvia Pereira Amorim da Silva , João Bosco Siqueira Júnior","doi":"10.1016/j.puhip.2025.100691","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.puhip.2025.100691","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To Describe the methodology used in the first risk factor survey for non-communicable diseases in Goiás, a central state of Brazil and identify differences in prevalence of risk and protective factors for chronic disease between landline and mobile phone users.</div></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><div>A cross-sectional study.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A cross-sectional study was conducted using telephone interviews via landlines and mobile phones. The Random-Digit Dialing probabilistic sampling method was used to select phone lines. The Rake method weighted the data and the hot deck technique imputed missing weight and height data. A total of 5018 individuals residing in Goiás were stratified by sex, age group, education level and health macro-regions. Operational, demographic characteristics and prevalence of risk factors were evaluated, with crude and adjusted prevalence ratios calculated using the Poisson regression model.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Mobile telephony offered some operational advantages, while refusal rates were lower for landlines. Landline telephony underestimated men, adults and individuals with fewer years of schooling, while mobile's underestimated the elderly. Significant differences in prevalence were found for 16 indicators. Mobile phone users showed higher prevalence of risk factors, while landline's showed higher prevalence of protective factors.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The use of both landline and mobile telephony was necessary to ensure population representativeness. However, new strategies are needed to improve participation in future surveys.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34141,"journal":{"name":"Public Health in Practice","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100691"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145939302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-11DOI: 10.1016/j.puhip.2025.100705
Taito Kitano , Shinya Tsuzuki
Objectives
Willingness to pay (WTP) for one quality-adjusted life year (QALY) is highly variable according to survey methodology and can change over time, even within the same population. Our study objective was to assess Japanese WTP per QALY gain using a double-bounded dichotomous choice method for a scenario in the post-COVID-19 pandemic period.
Study design
A cross-sectional survey.
Methods
We conducted an online survey in 2024 to determine the mean WTP using double-bounded dichotomous choice among 2,500 Japanese adults. Four scenarios were presented (three for a non-fatal disease from three different perspectives and one scenario from an individual perspective) in two series of questions regarding WTP with the disease.
Results
The mean WTP per QALY gain with moderate and severe health status was 3.30 (95 % confidence interval: 2.38−4.36) and 3.36 (2.62−4.36) for a non-fatal disease and individual perspective, 7.34 (5.61−9.33) and 4.43 (3.45−5.57) million Japanese Yen (JPY) in 2025 for a non-fatal disease from societal and individual perspectives, 8.44 (6.49−10.56) and 5.58 (4.49−6.87) million JPY for a non-fatal disease from a societal but excluding an individual perspective, respectively; 8.41 (5.78−9.66) million JPY for a fatal disease with 6 months' treatment, 9.95 (7.45−12.71) million JPY for fatal disease with 6 months' prevention, 3.38 (2.78−5.42) million JPY for a fatal disease with 18 months' treatment, and 4.18 (3.29−6.65) million JPY for a fatal disease with 18 months’ prevention, respectively.
Conclusions
No significant change was observed in WTP between after versus before the COVID-19 pandemic. However, our findings suggest that questionnaire design may greatly influence response patterns. Further detailed examination is required to understand how these values have changed following the COVID-19 pandemic.
{"title":"Assessment of cost-effectiveness threshold using a double-bounded dichotomous choice model","authors":"Taito Kitano , Shinya Tsuzuki","doi":"10.1016/j.puhip.2025.100705","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.puhip.2025.100705","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Willingness to pay (WTP) for one quality-adjusted life year (QALY) is highly variable according to survey methodology and can change over time, even within the same population. Our study objective was to assess Japanese WTP per QALY gain using a double-bounded dichotomous choice method for a scenario in the post-COVID-19 pandemic period.</div></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><div>A cross-sectional survey.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted an online survey in 2024 to determine the mean WTP using double-bounded dichotomous choice among 2,500 Japanese adults. Four scenarios were presented (three for a non-fatal disease from three different perspectives and one scenario from an individual perspective) in two series of questions regarding WTP with the disease.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The mean WTP per QALY gain with moderate and severe health status was 3.30 (95 % confidence interval: 2.38−4.36) and 3.36 (2.62−4.36) for a non-fatal disease and individual perspective, 7.34 (5.61−9.33) and 4.43 (3.45−5.57) million Japanese Yen (JPY) in 2025 for a non-fatal disease from societal and individual perspectives, 8.44 (6.49−10.56) and 5.58 (4.49−6.87) million JPY for a non-fatal disease from a societal but excluding an individual perspective, respectively; 8.41 (5.78−9.66) million JPY for a fatal disease with 6 months' treatment, 9.95 (7.45−12.71) million JPY for fatal disease with 6 months' prevention, 3.38 (2.78−5.42) million JPY for a fatal disease with 18 months' treatment, and 4.18 (3.29−6.65) million JPY for a fatal disease with 18 months’ prevention, respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>No significant change was observed in WTP between after versus before the COVID-19 pandemic. However, our findings suggest that questionnaire design may greatly influence response patterns. Further detailed examination is required to understand how these values have changed following the COVID-19 pandemic.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34141,"journal":{"name":"Public Health in Practice","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100705"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145798971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-11DOI: 10.1016/j.puhip.2025.100702
Joseph Grech , David A. Richards
Objectives
We aimed to identify the number of participants at three differently situated scientific events in Europe realistically able to switch from aviation to ground-based travel, modelling the potential impact of doing so in terms of travel-related greenhouse gas emissions (GHGe), time and costs.
Study design
Modelling study.
Methods
Travel for participants (N = 137) attending three academic European events in 2025, two centrally, and one peripherally located, was simulated, estimating the associated GHGe, time and cost. Alternative travel scenarios (air- and ground-based), in which participants realistically switched to ground-based travel, were modelled, highlighting differences in travel-related GHGe, time and costs.
Results
For this cohort, a central European location gave around 50 % of participants the opportunity to take ground-based travel, reducing total travel GHGe by a maximum of 29 % (14,116 kg of CO2e). While ground-based journeys took longer, cost differences depended on the availability of international ground-based connections and low-cost airlines.
Conclusions
The potential to minimise travel-related, event-driven GHGe is driven by the distance from the participants' departing cities to arrival venue, and the number of participants who live within 1000 kms and/or one day's travel time by ground-based means. The ability to realise these GHGe reductions will depend on the extent to which eligible event participants may choose to shift from aviation to ground-based alternatives, driven by their capabilities to navigate such journeys (that may be more complex), and their motivation, which might be enhanced through financial incentives where ground-based transportation is more expensive.
{"title":"Ground-based travel to European academic events as an alternative to air travel: Estimating associated greenhouse gas emissions, time and cost","authors":"Joseph Grech , David A. Richards","doi":"10.1016/j.puhip.2025.100702","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.puhip.2025.100702","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>We aimed to identify the number of participants at three differently situated scientific events in Europe realistically able to switch from aviation to ground-based travel, modelling the potential impact of doing so in terms of travel-related greenhouse gas emissions (GHGe), time and costs.</div></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><div>Modelling study.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Travel for participants (N = 137) attending three academic European events in 2025, two centrally, and one peripherally located, was simulated, estimating the associated GHGe, time and cost. Alternative travel scenarios (air- and ground-based), in which participants realistically switched to ground-based travel, were modelled, highlighting differences in travel-related GHGe, time and costs.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>For this cohort, a central European location gave around 50 % of participants the opportunity to take ground-based travel, reducing total travel GHGe by a maximum of 29 % (14,116 kg of CO<sub>2</sub>e). While ground-based journeys took longer, cost differences depended on the availability of international ground-based connections and low-cost airlines.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The potential to minimise travel-related, event-driven GHGe is driven by the distance from the participants' departing cities to arrival venue, and the number of participants who live within 1000 kms and/or one day's travel time by ground-based means. The ability to realise these GHGe reductions will depend on the extent to which eligible event participants may choose to shift from aviation to ground-based alternatives, driven by their capabilities to navigate such journeys (that may be more complex), and their motivation, which might be enhanced through financial incentives where ground-based transportation is more expensive.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34141,"journal":{"name":"Public Health in Practice","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100702"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145750053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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